Social Impact Assessment

The Final Report of Social Impact Assessment Study for Muziris Heritage Project

Land Acquisition for Misra Bhojan Memorial construction at Pallippuram Village, Block No.2 Resurvey No. 95/15

Submitted to The District Collector, Ernakulam.

28.02.2019

SIA Unit De Paul Extension Services (DES) Reg. No. (Reg. No.1901/IV/SRO/EKM/2006) De Paul Institute of Science & Technology, Angamaly South, De Paul Nagar - 683573

Village - Pallippuram Taluk - Kochi District: Ernakulam State: Kerala

Declaration

Table of Contents

Table of Contents ...... 4 CHAPTER -1 ...... 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 7 1.1. Preface: The Project and its public goals ...... 7 1.2. Proposed Area For Project ...... 8 1.3. Size and Attributes of Land Acquired ...... 9 1.4. Alternative Proposed ...... 9 1.5. Social Impact ...... 9 1.6. Impact reducing measures ...... 10 CHAPTER – 2 THE PROJECT DETAILS ...... 11 2.1 The background and rationale of the Project ...... 11 2.2 Details such as the area, its dimension, goals and cost of the Project...... 12 2.3 Consideration of alternative alignments ...... 12 2.4 Project implementation phases ...... 12 2.5. Workforce requirements ...... 13 2.7 Applicable Rules and Statutes ...... 13 CHAPTER – 3 METHODOLOGY & APPROACH , TEAM COMPOSITION, STUDY FOCUS, AND PROJECT SCHEDULE ...... 14 3.1. Background ...... 14 3.2 The Process of impact assessment and project implementation preparations ...... 14 3.3 The Methodology of the Assessment ...... 16 3.4 Desk Research ...... 16 3.5 Details of Study – Team ...... 16 3.6 Data from Secondary Sources ...... 17 3.7 Visit to the Project-area and the Project Propaganda ...... 18 3.8 Sampling and Socio economic survey ...... 18 3.9 Process and Schedule of Activities ...... 18 3.10 Community and Public Consultation ...... 18 3.11 General concerns ...... 20 CHAPTER 4 LAND ASSESSMENT ...... 21 4.1. Background ...... 21 4.2. Entire area of impact under the influence of the project ...... 21 4.3 Area need to be acquired...... 22 4.3.1. Size of holdings & Ownerships patterns ...... 22

4.3.2. Land Distribution ...... 22 4.3.3. Type of use ...... 22 4.3.4. Number of residential houses ...... 22 4.4. Land purchased for the project ...... 22 4.5. Previous transaction in the project area for the last 3 years ...... 22 4.6. Present use of public land in the vicinity of the project area ...... 22 CHAPTER – 5 ...... 23 ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION ...... 23 5. Introduction ...... 23 5.1 Directly Affected by the Project ...... 23 5.2 Indirectly Affected by the Project ...... 23 5.3 Major source of income for the affected families ...... 23 5.4 Crops & Trees that will be affected ...... 23 CHAPTER – 6 ...... 24 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE & DIRECT SOCIAL IMPACT ...... 24 6.1 Socioeconomic profile ...... 24 6.1.1 Gender category ...... 24 6.1.2 Religion ...... 24 6.1.3 Family Pattern ...... 24 6.1.4 Vulnerable groups in the affected area ...... 24 6.1.6 Ration Card status ...... 24 6.2 Land Use and Livelihood ...... 24 CHAPTER – 7 MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE MITIGATION OF SOCIAL IMPACT 25 7.1. Introduction ...... 25 7.2. Approach to Impact Mitigation ...... 25 7.3. Proposed re-establishment – rehabilitation Package by the people ...... 26 7.4 Analysis of the merits ...... 26 7.5 Analysis of the De merits ...... 27 7.6. Findings ...... 27 The SIA team found out some facts that: ...... 27 7.7. Recommendation ...... 28 CHAPTER – 8 ...... 29 SOCIAL IMPACT ACTION PLAN DIRECTORATE ...... 29 8.1 Directorate and Responsible Officials ...... 29 CHAPTER 9 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION PLAN ...... 30 9.1. Costs of all resettlement and rehabilitation costs ...... 30 9.2. Annual budget and plan of action ...... 30 5

9.3. Funding source ...... 30 CHAPTER 10 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION...... 31 10.1 Key Monitoring and Evaluative indicators ...... 31 10.2 Reporting mechanisms and monitoring roles ...... 31 10.3 Plan of independent evaluation ...... 31 Conclusion ...... 32

CHAPTER -1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1. Preface: The Project and its public goals

Kerala, nestled between the pristine waters of the Arabian Sea on the west and the lush Western Ghats Mountains on the east, its intense network of rivers and lagoons, thick forests, exotic wildlife, tranquil stretches of emerald backwaters and a long shoreline of serene beaches make it a traveler's paradise. Kerala has the highest sex ratio, lowest population growth rate, highest literacy rate, highest life expectancy and the highest Human Development Index (HDI) among the other states of India.

The project proposes to retrieve the historical, archaeological, ecological and cultural resources of the whole lower Periyar basin, lying between North Paravur in the South and Mathilakam in the North. It is an attempt at retrieving the historical heritage of the Kodungallur (southern border of Thrissur District 10.22°N 76.22°E) and Paravur (northern border of Ernakulam District, 10.15°N 76.23°E) region by including twelve Panchayaths namely, Chendamangalam, Chittattukara, Vadakkekkara, Pallippuram, Eriyad, SN Puram, Mathilakam, Edavilangu, Mala, Puthanvelikkara and Puthenchira respectively.

Project Description:

The government of Kerala initially announced the Muziris Heritage Project in the State Budget of 2006. The project was finally commenced in 2009 with the joint support of the Government of India. The project aim to trace the chronological continuity of Kerala History starts from on or before Common Era. A fairly large number of archaeological and historical vestiges make these places as a significant heritage site for an entry into the history of Kerala. Ancient Temples, Synagogues, Muzlim Mosque, Ancient Churches, European Forts, Royal Palaces, Christian Seminaries, Jewish Cemeteries, Traditional houses, Boat

7 making yards, traditional fishing pattern and ancient Markets spread over the project zone. The project also focusing various performing arts like Chavittunatakam, Manjakkuli, Kaalakuthu, Karimkali etc. that represent the non- physical aspect of the Muziris region are also under the process of conservation. In this report, DES deals with the social impact caused by the land acquisition for the construction of the Memorial for Mizra Bhojan at Pallippuaram Village. This Memorial will stand as the symbol of renaissance in the community created by Sahodaran Ayyappan against the casteism of the time, one of the evils then existed in the society. So this monument is really important in the history of Kerala.

1.2. Proposed Area For Project

The land to be acquired for the Mizra Bojan Poject is situated in the Kochi Taluk, Pallippuram village and comes under the Cherai post office.

The map of the site is given below.

1.3. Size and Attributes of Land Acquired

A total land of 3 cents is proposed to be acquired for the construction of the Mizra Bhojan memorial in the village of Pallippuram. It is decided to build a memorial for the Misra Bhojan, an event so important in the history of Kerala renaissance, in this selected spot. The family owns a total of 10 cents of land and out of the total land only 3 cents of land is proposed to be taken over for the Muziriz project.

1.4. Alternative Proposed

Not applicable

1.5. Social Impact

Social impact is the effect an organization's actions have on the wellbeing of the community. The people of the community suffers extensively due to some of the projects implemented by either Government or private agencies and the impact assessment brings out the real problems and difficulties that the people have with its study. Since the 2013 Act has been an integrated statutory guidelines with regard to all forms of Losses connected with land take-over, its legal implementation is adequate to compensate for the social impact.

Sl. Survey Type of Name of Owner/ Extend of Impact No. No. land Representative

1 95/15 Dry land Mrs. Sini Rajendran This party loses almost Nediyirippil (H) 3 cents of land which has a boundary wall Valappaad PO almost 20Mtrs long and Kazimbram they may lose three Chavakkad Taluk trees in the land. Mob : 9495752332

The anticipated impacts of the project are as follows:- 9

 One family will lose their ancestral land  Severance of social relations.  Narrow roads to this specific site may create traffic problems  Water clogs usually in the rainy season over this spot.

1.6. Impact reducing measures

After the consultation and desk research the team has found out that the land acquisition is inevitable and has to be done as early as possible. Few general mitigation measures are suggested below for the reference purpose. Impact Mitigation measures

Lose of land  Finalize the maximum possible amount for the acquiring land  Make the payment without delay.

 Payment has to be based on the market value

Not able to complaint  Set-up a system for redressal of complaints

Loss of assets  Provide equal amount of compensation for the immovable properties in the land

CHAPTER – 2 THE PROJECT DETAILS

2.1 The background and rationale of the Project

Kerala was a land divided by casteism at many places in the early 19th century. It was at this time that Sahodaran Ayyappan (21 August 1889 – 6 March 1968) was a social reformer, thinker, rationalist, journalist, and politician of Kerala, India brought out a different type of protest against the caste system of Kerala in the form of Misra Bhojan(eating together). He was one of the outspoken followers of Sree Narayana Guru. He was born at Cherai in Vyppin Island. In 1917 at Cherai, he organized a Misra Bhojanam. At Cherai, in 1917, Ayyappan organised a Misra Bhojanam (a grand feast of all castes sitting together under one roof). The feast was organized under the aegis of the Sahodara Sangham (The Brotherood Association), an organisation that Ayyappan himself had organised for the purpose of eradicating the evil of casteism. The feast was attended by about 200 people including the so-called untouchable Pulayas. This was opposed forcibly by conservative sections of society, including Ezhava lords. For a while thereafter, his detractors sarcastically called him Pulayan Ayyappan, a name which he took as an honour. From then on, Ayyappan came to be known as Sahodaran Ayyappan. This event really made strokes in the minds and hearts of the upper class and lower class people alike. Equality was not even a dream some hundred years ago. At a time when the Bolshevik revolution caught fire in Russia, a person in Kerala showed the way and walked ahead. In a land where untouchability was practised, he sat with two Pulaya kids and had meals with them. A land where one's caste meant everything, the society nicknamed him as 'Pulayan Ayyappan'. In 1917 at Cherai, he organized a Misra Bhojanam, in which people from all castes sat together and ate. Here is a special programme on the social revolution inaugurated by Sahodaran Ayyappan.

This project aims at constructing a memorial of Mizra Bhojan event in the same venue where Sahodaran Ayyappan conducted the event called Mizra Bhojan. 2.2 Details such as the area, its dimension, goals and cost of the Project.

It is informed by the Muziriz team that a memorial will be constructed in the acquired land for the remembrance of the Mizra Bhojanam event. The total land that is going to be acquired is 3 cents out of the 10 cents of land.

2.3 Consideration of alternative alignments

Since it’s a historical event that happened in the foresaid site, there can be no alternative considered for the same.

2.4 Project implementation phases

The project started with the initial allotment of 50 lakhs, which expanded to grow into a large project with a sanctioned amount of 140 crores for the development of Muziris as a tourism circuit. It covers an area of 150 sq. kms in twelve Panchayaths and two Municipalities. Activities of the various departments involving 19 government agencies have been converged into the project. Before the planning of the project, the drawbacks of the tourism projects in Kerala were studied. None of the existing models for cultural heritage management were found suitable to local conditions and hence through this projects and alternative model was developed. The work was initiated with the preparation of a Conservation Development Plan (CDP) drawn from documentation of discussions with the various stakeholders with the specific emphasis on conservation of the monuments to support tourism development. The CDP incorporated the diverse heritage resources and the needs of the stakeholders in an integrated manner. The emphasis was given to the development of infrastructure of the region. The facilities were in identified and planned, which were relevant to the need of the community. The CDP for the Muziris site was submitted to the government for Kerala in February 2009. There was no forced

12 land acquisition and the trust was to encourage participation of the local community. 2.5. Workforce requirements The work force is equipped with modern machineries and planned man power in various range in terms of skilled, semi- skilled and un-skilled labours. The construction work is tendering to the contractors and they will do the work by using sufficient machinery and labour force. 2.6 Environmental Impact Assessment/Feasibility Study Details Based on the available data, the project area does not demand an environmental impact study.

2.7 Applicable Rules and Statutes

 Right to fair compensation transparency, rehabilitation and re- establishment following land acquisition. (Central Law)

 The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 – 2015  Government of Kerala – Revenue Department -State Policy for Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition  The Right to Information Act of 2005.  The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016

CHAPTER – 3 METHODOLOGY & APPROACH TEAM COMPOSITION, STUDY FOCUS, AND PROJECT SCHEDULE

3.1. Background

The responsibility to conduct the SIA study for the land acquisition for the Misra Bhojan memorial project was entrusted to De Paul Extension Services (DES) as per the notification DCEKM/12 787/2 017-C1dated 07/12/2 018 from the District collector of Ernakulam. De Paul Extension Service (DES) is a wing of De Paul Institute of Science and Technology associating with De Paul School of social work in order to cater and promote social welfare activities for the advancement of the marginalized and other deprived sections in the society.

DES has been promoting a wide array of services such as School Counselling Services, Community Based Rehabilitation for the Old age, Conducting Participatory Rural Appraisal & Social Surveys, Awareness Programmes, Street plays, Exhibitions and Rallies, Model Anganwadi Training programme, Social Advocacy Programme for Environment Preservation, Collaboration with Local Self Governments & NGOs and Women Empowerment Programmes. De Paul Extension Services seeks to empower the deprived and marginalized by facilitating and helping them to help themselves. DES promotes development activities by ensuring equal participation of people and not for mere charity. It gives utmost importance for the worth and dignity of people while rendering such services.

3.2 The Process of impact assessment and project implementation preparations

Any construction in any level changes the equilibrium of the society or people of that area. The same effect is going to be created in the Janatha west, Cherai (PO)

14 area due to the construction of the Misra Bhojan Memorial project implementation. Thus it had to be assessed extensively and major components in the assessment criteria were social, economic and psychological impacts encountered by the people in the locality especially the affected family. Thus, the study team mainly focused on the impact assessment of economic and social concerns.

The Study Team considered the following while preparing the implementation plan: -

 socio-economic impact of the Project

 Inclusion of fair compensation strategies

 Legal awareness of the people related to land acquisition and compensation.

3.3 The Methodology of the Assessment

The impact study includes 3 major stages and the below given chart depicts the stages of this study.

• Pilot study • Area mapping Background • Tool designing and testing • Literature review Research • Cross refernece to different acts and unless such as RTFCT in LARR ACT 2013

Data • Training the field staff • Data collection with interview collection schedule • Qulaity check of the data

• Data coding • Analysis and draft report proposal • public hearing Post Survey • Devising rehabilitation strategies • Addition, editing & coordinating the entire views and the final reprot

3.4 Desk Research

Study Team examined the relevant documents, Reports, Project Plans etc. in detail.

3.5 Details of Study – Team

Data collection and co-ordination for the Social Impact Assessment were conducted by an 8 member team headed by the Social Impact Assessment Unit of De Paul extension services (DES), who are all veteran hands with previous experience in several, similar studies of social and economic surveys and Social

Impact Assessment assignments. In addition, the services of experts in the fields of development and law have also been used in the study. Moreover, the help of official representatives of the Revenue Dept. was useful in identifying the impacted areas.

No. Name Designation Qualification Experience

1 Dr. Unny C J Team Leader Ph. D 30 years of experience research sector

2 Dintomon P D Project Officer, DES PGDRD, 4.5 years in Project MSW implementation

3 Mr. Jijo Joy Research associate MSW, MPhil 10 years in development sector

4 Tone Augustine Research associate MSW,NET 6 years in Project implementation

5 Sherin Paul Research associate MSW 10 years of experience research sector

6 Anjana Jose Research associate MSW, MSC 5 years in research field Psychology research sector

7 Subin George Research associate Pursuing PHD 15 years of experience in developmental secotr

3.6 Data from Secondary Sources

Both primary data and secondary data were collected, studied and referred to prepare this report. All those previous studies on different impacted areas and concerned departments were referred and approached for collecting the data for this study. The Aluva Thahasils office, Pallippuram village official’s records, Muziriz project reports etc. were also used to back up the study.

3.7 Visit to the Project-area and the Project Propaganda

The SIA unit visited the proposed project implementation site many times for the pilot study of the project implementation and devising socio-economic survey with Revenue Inspector from Special Thahasil’s office, Aluva. This helped the team to identify the area, project site, difficulties that the people affected suffers etc. in details and were able to record them. This helped the team to correct and modify the tools for the study.

3.8 Sampling and Socio economic survey

The area which will be acquired were mapped and marked with the help of R I from Aluva and later on the socio-economic survey with an interview schedule was conducted by the experts in the team.

3.9 Process and Schedule of Activities 07.12.2018 Publication of Form 4 notification and Appointed De Paul Extension Services(DES) to conduct the SIA study

12.12.18 Pilot study in the area 19.12.2019 Gazette notification 20.1.19 Interview with the party 5.02.19 Received Gazette notification from Special Thahasildar 4.02.2019 Draft report submission to the District Collector 26.2.2019 Public hearing in Jew Synagogue North Paravur 28.02.2019 Final Report Submission to the District Collector

3.10 Community and Public Consultation The community and public consultation about the land acqustion for the Mizra Bhoajn memorial construction was conducted on 26.2.2019, 3.00pm in the Jews Synagouge near North Parvur. This was done in the presence of Ms. Sherly Philip (Special Tahasildar (L A) Aluva), Mr. Gopakumar M S (Revenue Inspector), 18

Rekha R(Valuation assistant) and Shine T (Surveyor) of Special Tahasildar office (LA), Aluva together with Mr. Mayyattil Sathyan (Secreteary, Sahodaran Ayyappan Smaraka Samithi) and Mr. N K Purushothaman and K K Soman (representative of the owner). There were no reprsenttaives from the part of Muziriz project. Mr. Dintomon P D the project coordinator of DES welcomed one and all in to the meeting and briefed about the project, its goals and the problems and difficulties that arise due to the land acquisition for the people.

Mr. K K Soman the representative of the owner said that they are willing to give the land for the project and he requested for a minimum amount of Rs.4.5lakhs per cent. He was concerned about the narrow road on the right of the present acquired land.

The Tahasildar replied that the best possible option will be considered for the land acquisition, without changing much of the present alignment with regard to the road. Even if the acquisition happens the family will get a 3 meter wide road to their rest of the property. In addition, she said that the compensation will be provided after consulting the land registration amount that happened within last 3 years around 5 Kilometers of Pallippuram Panchayat area. She also noted that the Muziriz Team has not pet marked and given the new alignment and sketch for the proposed land to be acquired and only after getting that they could do anything to survey and proceed further. Mr. Mayyattil Sathyan requested the authorities to take a stand in favor of the affected family and the Mizra Bhojan Memorial has to be made only with the support of the local people and not giving them any trouble.

3.11 General concerns Nil

CHAPTER 4 LAND ASSESSMENT

4.1. Background

The land to be acquired is situated in between the Vyppin – Munambam Road near to Janatha Beach Road. This comes under Pallippuram village.

4.2. Entire area of impact under the influence of the project

The Misra bhojan memorial is going to be built in the open land which has only one holding and the area is at present vacant. The nearby area is well populated and the land in the vicinity is mainly used for residential purposes. The total extent of impacted area is 0.0121 hectares out of almost 10 cents. This is a dry land which is at present kept vacant and uncultivated except few trees.

4.3 Area need to be acquired

The total area need to be acquired for the proposed project is 0.0121 hectares and the below information gives more clarity on the size of holdings, land distributions and ownership patters.

4.3.1. Size of holdings & Ownerships patterns

The proposed property to be acquired is of a person called Sini Rajendran (not staying in the property) in the Pallippuram Village. This property was purchased by Mrs. Sini Ranjendran before 10 years.

4.3.2. Land Distribution

This property to be acquired falls under the category of dry land which is at present kept open and vacant.

4.3.3. Type of use

According to the site inspection conducted and survey taken, currently the land is kept open and has not been cultivated except 3 trees.

4.3.4. Number of residential houses

The land is vacant and no one is residing in the selected site.

4.4. Land purchased for the project

No land is already purchased alienated leased or acquired in the area for the requirement of the proposed project

4.5. Previous transaction in the project area for the last 3 years

During the last three years there were no transactions happened in the proposed project sites

4.6. Present use of public land in the vicinity of the project area

The land is mainly used for residential purposes and there are no public land in the vicinity of the project area.

CHAPTER – 5

ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION

5. Introduction The project does not bring about a lot of impact on either the society or the people nearby. This project may help to improve the local economic activity by increasing the tourism in the area and thereby the local markets will be more active. The extent of impact directly and indirectly to the families residing in the area are covered in this chapter. The details are given below:

5.1 Directly Affected by the Project There is only one family that is going to be directly affected by the project implementation and they will lose the front side of their property that is 3 cents of land and they require a road to pass through to their rest of the property which is approximately 10 cents of land.

5.2 Indirectly Affected by the Project There are no individuals or community that are indirectly affected by the implementation of the project.

5.3 Major source of income for the affected families

The affected family does not depend on the acquired property as a major source of income. The owner of the property is employed abroad and not in India.

5.4 Crops & Trees that will be affected

No. Crops Quantity 1 Aracknut 1 2 Mango Tree 1 3 Coconut trees 1

CHAPTER – 6 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE & DIRECT SOCIAL IMPACT

6.1 Socioeconomic profile

This chapter contains information about the socio economic and cultural aspects of the affected family. It includes the demographic details, economic status, vulnerability of the affected family, land use and livelihood and other related information. The details about the demographic profile is included in this chapter. 6.1.1 Gender category

The affected family is nuclear in its pattern and has only four members in it. They are two males and two females.

6.1.2 Religion

People of the affected family believes in Hindu religious beliefs.

6.1.3 Family Pattern

The affected family is a nuclear family in its structure. There are only four members in the family. 6.1.4 Vulnerable groups in the affected area

The affected family belongs to Deevaraya (Fishermen) community and they are considered to be other backward class (OBC)

6.1.6 Ration Card status

The impacted family falls under the category of Below Poverty Line (BPL).

6.2 Land Use and Livelihood The land to be acquired is not used in any way for living purposes. It is closed with a compound wall and the land owner has kept it open with a little cultivations in them.

CHAPTER – 7 MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE MITIGATION OF SOCIAL IMPACT

7.1. Introduction

Social Impact Assessment includes the processes of analyzing, monitoring and managing the intended and unintended social consequences, both positive and negative, of planned interventions (policies, programs, plans, projects) and any social change processes invoked by those interventions. Its primary purpose is to bring about a more sustainable and equitable biophysical and human environment. It helps in preparing the Social Impact Management Plan (SIMP).

7.2. Approach to Impact Mitigation

The impact of the project has been planned to reduce or mitigate the social impact caused in connection with land acquisition. This land acquisition does not create much difficulties for the people in and around the area. So the public is in support of the project. They are aware that this project will bring economic boom to the whole community.

Individuals mainly demand for satisfactory compensation. Therefore, what has been proposed as a counter – impact mitigation step is to negotiate the amount for the loss of land and properties with the affected parties concerned and pay them well in advance, prior to the takeover.

As a matter of fact the government needs to process the compensation amount and credit it to the party concerned as early as possible.

7.3. Proposed re-establishment – rehabilitation Package by the people

Impact The affected Suggested Mitigation as best and item possible

Compensation for land 3cents of land Provide the land owner with market value.

Since the affected family has land behind the acquired land, provide them access to the land behind with road facility.

Compensation for trees 3 trees Include compensation for the trees and other immovable according to their age and properties productivity. compound wall 20 meters long Provide adequate compensation for and 4 feet high structure. compound wall made of Hollow bricks and plastered with cement

7.4 Analysis of the merits

As a coin has two sides, this project also involves both pros and corns.

The advent of a memorial of Sahodaran Ayyappan for the Misra Bhojan is a need of the time. Once this is created, there will be a lot of tourists visiting to this area and that will help out in different levels.

 This construction will stand as a monument of Renaissance in the history of Kerala. 26

 The local economy will get a boost by the frequent visits of the travelers and tourists.

 Local people can market their locally made projects to the tourist.

7.5 Analysis of the De merits

The project causes few problems and difficulties for the people of the locality.

 This project is directly affecting only one family and they will lose about 3 cents of land out of their 10 cents of the land.  There is a possibilityof traffic block that may arise in the near future due to the small and shortened road which allows only one way traffic to and fro.  The family is asking for a good amount of compensation for their land to be acquired and that has to be as per the market rate must be given to them immediately and it must be adequate. They suggest that the compensation should be paid according to the market value and not the fair value.

The problems of the family can be adequately solved by providing them a good amount of compensation and then only this project can be established successfully.

7.6. Findings The SIA team found out some facts that:

 Even though the project may generate few difficulties for the people nearby, ultimately the project helps to improve the tourism sector and the small scale industries in the locality will get benefitted.  The chosen land is the best suitable land for the monument construction, but at the same time the transportation facility to this site is very narrow and does not have sufficient width for the movement heavy vehicles.

 There is a chance of water clogging during the rainy seasons and the drainage facilities currently existing in and around the area is not sufficient and that has to be considered seriously before constructing the memorial.

7.7. Recommendation

This is recommended that since Misra Bhojan is one of the most important events in the history of Kerala renaissance and it is necessary that a monument has to be built in the place where the event occurred. The SIA team has found that the chosen land for acquisition is an apt place (though the roads are small in size) for the construction of the memorial for Misra Bhojan conducted by Sahodaran Ayyappan. The land needs to be acquired as early as possible and without much delay the proceedings for the same must be taken place. Though the affected family has requested for around 4.5 lakhs per cent, the market value does not reach up to that amount. But still, provide the affected family with the best possible amount as compensation which may be equivalent to the market value of the land.

CHAPTER – 8

SOCIAL IMPACT ACTION PLAN DIRECTORATE

8.1 Directorate and Responsible Officials

As per the stipulation of 2013 Act, the Administrator appointed by the Govt. shall be responsible for preparing the Scheme for the rehabilitation and re- establishment of the families displaced by the Project. The said Officer shall be responsible for formulating, implementing and supervising the scheme for the rehabilitation and re-establishment which are subject to supervision, direction and control of the Commissioner functioning for the purpose.

The land acquisition for construction of the monument in Pallippuram village for the Mizra Bhojan is a necessary action and its impact can be mitigated as per the clauses laid out in the RTFCTLARR Act, 2013, which guarantees fair compensation, rehabilitation and re-establishment for the parties affected by the land acquisition.

As per G. O. (Ms.) No.485/2015/RD, dated 23.09.2015 by the Kerala state policy for compensation, rehabilitation and resettlement committee comprises of The district level Committee formed as per the policy directive of the Govt. of Kerala shall consist of the following members

 The District Collector  Rehabilitation – Re-establishment Administrator  Land Acquisition Officer  Finance Officer  Representative of Semi-Govt. authorities for finalization of financial matters  Representative of the Dept. of Local Self Govt. for monitoring rehabilitation activities.

CHAPTER 9 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION PLAN

9.1. Costs of all resettlement and rehabilitation costs

Not Applicable

9.2. Annual budget and plan of action

Not Applicable

9.3. Funding source

Not Applicable

CHAPTER 10 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION

10.1 Key Monitoring and Evaluative indicators

Not Applicable

10.2 Reporting mechanisms and monitoring roles

Not Applicable

10.3 Plan of independent evaluation

Not Applicable

Conclusion

The inevitability of conservation of the heritage is a duty of every citizen of a country. With the establishment of the Monument in Pallippuaram village for the Mizra bhojan, the government is taking one more step to preserve its heritage and remembering the renaissance in a special way. The Muziriz project has given impetus to heritage conservation as a component of the community development and not just for propagating tourism. It is seen as a sustainable model for tourism by adopting an integrated approach to heritage conservation with tourism as a by- product with benefits to the local community. The project has also emerged as a contributor in the academic field by providing ample evidences to reveal the history of Kerala for a period of 1300 years. Moreover, Muziris Heritage Project could restore the social, political and economic aspect of ancient time without losing its originality.

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Annexure

SIA STUDY INTERVIEW SCHEDULE Land acquisition for Mizra Bojan memorial under Muziriz Heritage project in Pallippuram Village Conducted by De Paul Extension Services (DES). Angamaly ------

Q.1. SURVEYEIOUR DETAILS 1. Name of the Interviewer

2. Survey Date

3. Supervisor Name

4. Name of the Data Entry Staff

5. Date of Data Entry

6. Data verified by

7. Date & Sign

Q. 2. SURVEYES DETAILS 1. Name 2. Address including PIN CODE (Location in the Affected Area) Landline No 3. Contact Mobile No 4. Identity Card No. Aadhaar No Ration Card Passport No Voters Id

Q.3. Identification

1. Place/Location

2. Ward No.

3. Name of Panchayat

Q.4. Respondent 1. Owner Representative of Owner

2. Name & Address of the Respondent

Q. 5. ASSET DETAILS

Type of Property

1. Open Land 2. Nilam Nikathu Purayidam 3. Purambokku 4. Dry Land 5. Agricultural land

Others (Specify)……………..

Q. 6 Type of use 1. Open Land Wet Land Agricultural Land Purambokku

Others (specify) -

Q. 7 PROPERTY DETAILS 1. Survey No (Mandatory – as in tax debit receipt )

2. Total Area (in hectares) 3. Area Affected (in hectares) 4. Name of title holder of the property (Specify the names of all the members

specified as per the title deed)

5. Contact details with pin code and mobile no.(Current) 6. Relation with the head of the family

7. Average duration of ownership 8. Details of transactions conducted for about last 3 years 9. Land acquired as Traditional/ heredity Bought or purchased Others…….. In case of more than one property please use additional page

Q. 8. IMPACT

1. Extent of acquisition Fully Partially 2. Whether property is viable after implementation of project Yes No

Q. 9. VULNERABILITY

1) The acquired land contributes to the major source of your income? YES No

2) Type of ration card - BPL APL AAY 3) Major Source of Income Salary Business agriculture

4) Family monthly income (in Rs.) 5) Monthly expenditure (in Rs.) 6) No of adult earning members 7) No of dependents 8) Is the acquired land the main livelihood of the family? Q. 9.1. INVENTORY OF PRODUCTIVE ASSETS & INCOME EARNING FACTORS AFFECTED Coconut saplings Mango tree Banana Plants Coconut trees Guava Mahagani Tamarind Kitchen garden Nutmeg(Jathi) Any other ……

Q. 9. 2. UTILITIES AFFECTED Building Water tank Water supply pipeline Well Toilets Shed Cow shed Boundary wall Others Specify………….

Q. 10. GENERAL INFORMATION

1) Size of Family/household Male Female (specify no of family members)

2) Family Pattern Nuclear Joint Individual

3) Religious Hindu category Muslim Others Christian

4) Social groups ST OBC SC General Others

Details Family members N Name Relation Age S Marital Educated Job Monthly o. with head e status income Compl Conti of the x eted nuing family

Q. 11 PROJECT RELATED INFORMATION 1. Are you aware of the proposed Mizra Bhojan Memorial construction Yes Project No

2. If yes, source of information Newspaper Social TV/Media Community members All of the above Other (Specify)

Q.12. Impacts described by the interviewee Positive impacts perceived Other perceived impacts

Increase employment opportunities due Loss of productive land for to better access facilities agriculture

Increase in movement in terms of facility Pressure On existing and frequency infrastructure Increase in economic and business Conflict with outsiders activities Increased land prices Increase in the density around the project area Improvement in the real estate sector

Better reach/access to larger towns Increased spread of communicable (health/education) diseases and other vulnerabilities

Higher income from rental due to this Increase in rentals for tenants for infrastructure development both residential and commercial properties Others (specify)...... Others (specify)......

Q. 13. REHABILITATION OPTIONS 1. What is the preferred rehabilitation Equivalent/better productive land method Case compensation at replacement value Training for income restoration Fair value Job for a family member in the railways 2. Other (Specify)......

Place : ______Date : ______

Sign (Interviewer): ______

I declare that the data above given data is true as per my knowledge and understanding

Sign of the interviewed: ______

Any additional information (Suggestions, concerns, Queries, Doubts etc.)…….

………… End of Schedule

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