THE Cuba’s President Exposes MILITANT Incitement to War by U.S. Published in the Interests of the Working People By Fred Halstead UNITED NATIONS, New York, Vol. 26 - No. 37 Monday, October 15. 1962 Price 10c Oct. 9 — In a speech to the United Nations General Assembly yes­ terday Cuban President Osvaldo Dorticos made a reasoned analysis of the U.S.-Cuban crisis. He ex­ posed the role of the Kennedy Meredith Protests administration in inciting war hys­ teria and reiterated his govern­ ment’s desire to negotiate dif­ Bias in U.S. Arm y ferences with the U.S. Even the anti-Castro N ew Y o rk By Edward Slater Post admitted today that Dorticos’ speech was effective and that the OCT. 10 — James H. Meredith, ports that he had been chosen to reply of Adlai Stevenson, U.S. rep­ make a test case and told report­ the 29-year-old Negro student who resentative in the U.N., failed to forced the federal government to ers that his expenses at the uni­ counteract the sympathetic re­ take its first significant action in versity were paid by the GI bill. sponse the Cuban president evoked support of Mississippi Negroes The army, after consultation among delegates from “newly in­ since the Reconstruction Era, has with administration officials, at dependent states.” again put President Kennedy on first denied that Negro soldiers Referring to the anti-Cuba cam­ the spot. Meredith called a press had been used during the first paign that “fills the political stage conference last night and revealed few days and stated that after of the U.S.,” Dorticos said: “We that Negro soldiers who had Oct. 6 orders were issued that know that this atmosphere of hys­ served along with whites in the Negro personnel would be used Dr. Osvaldo Dorticos teria, this campaign . . . are part first few days after his admis­ in all normal functions of the and parcel of pressures being ex­ sion to the University of Missis­ units. erted by the United States gov­ sippi were later “purged from However, all reports from the D ean R usk ernment — and on it too — to their positions in the ranks.” scene are in flat contradiction to the end that once and for all there M e re d ith stated th a t a fte r he the army statement. Warren Ro­ Drug Control w ill be a decision to take armed had protested this removal on gers w rite s in the Oct. 10 N. Y. aggression, direct armed aggres­ Oct. 4, Negro soldiers again be­ Herald Tribune, “Negro soldiers gan to appear. “The ones I saw, were in evidence everywhere dur­ sion against my country. We know Feingold Hits however,” he went on, “were on ing the first couple of days — Bill Adopted a garbage-detail truck and were Monday and Tuesday, Oct. 1 and O ur next issue w ill feature unarmed. The white members of 2. Later, however, this reporter War-on-Cuba the complete text of the Oct. the detail were armed. This con­ noticed they were conspicuous by By Congress 8 speech at the United Nations dition is a dishonor and a dis­ their absence.” by Cuban President Osvaldo grace to the thousands of Negroes By Marvel Scholl The presence of armed Negroes Dorticos. Don’t miss this power­ Propaganda who wear the uniforms of our enforcing desegregation orders OCT. 10 — The drug monopol­ ful, point-by-point exposure of m ilitary services.” was, in fact, a great blow to Mis­ ists suffered a major defeat last the lies being used by Wash­ NEW YORK, Oct. 9 — “Despite Meredith also contradicted re- sissippi racists and one of the week when both Houses of Con­ ington to whip up anti-Cuba the barrage of propaganda by alL aspects of federal intervention gress passed companion bills to hysteria. the major news media in the coun­ which most infuriated them. What regulate that industry’s manufac­ try, designed to whip up a war Meredith has called attention to — turing and research procedure and hysteria against Cuba, only a the fact that these Negro troops thus give the American people that these pressures exist. But we minority of the American people were first removed and then dis­ some protection from these con­ also believe that, when all is said favor U.S. military intervention armed — must certainly be taken scienceless profiteers. and done, it is the U.S. government against that country,” said Carl by the racists as a m a jo r conces­ The original bills to regulate the itself that is responsible for the Feingold, Socialist Workers Party sion from the Kennedy adminis­ drug industry were introduced by existence of these pressures, which candidate for Senator from New tra tio n . Sen. Estes Kefauver of Tennessee are the inevitable corollary, the York, at a street corner rally in The administration began other and Rep. Oren Harris (D-Ark.) inavoidable result of the policy of lower Manhattan tonight. Part of moves this week which can only e a rly in 1961. The b ills w ere constant and permanent harass­ the meeting was televised by a serve to liquidate further the scheduled for either emasculation ment that the U.S. government has local station. positive effects of Federal inter­ and evisceration or a quiet death followed since the new U.S. Ad­ Feingold said he based his state­ vention. Eight thousand Missis­ in a committee pigeonhole, when ministration took over . . .” ment on public opinion interviews sippi National Guardsmen have the conjunction of two events Dorticos noted that U.S. Secre­ published by newspapers as well been released from duty and on brought about their passage. tary of State Dean Rusk — con­ as on his own direct observations Oct. 8 the withdrawal of regular First came this summer’s trage­ trary to precedent and tradition in the course of meeting the pub­ troops began. Officials revised dy of thousands of babies de­ — has not been present at these lic at street corner meetings and plans to cut down Meredith’s per­ formed at birth because their opening General Assembly ses­ other campaign activities. sonal guard on the campus after mothers had taken Thalidomide. sions, being too busy trying to line “One point I always make in an outburst of violence against The stories of two courageous up Latin American foreign minis­ my speeches and discussions,” he him on Monday. women — Dr. Frances Kelsey of ters at a special meeting called by said, “ is the defense of the Cuban If the federal troops continue the Food and Drug Administra­ him. The Cuban president said he revolution. At first I thought I to be removed, whatever effect tion and Mrs. Sherri Finkbine, knew that at that meeting, some would meet very hostile, perhaps James H. Meredith (Continued on Page 7) (Continued on Page 2) (Continued on Page 3) violent, reactions to this, but I find the bulk of the audience is quite anxious to hear a reasoned, honest presentation of the Cuban case. A t the b e ginning o f m y talks, ’63 Recession Looms, Experts Concede most of the audience is invariably confused about Cuba and often is By Art Preis On Sept. 21, a D e pa rtm e nt of ministration — will declare that to make a humiliating public dis­ anti-Castro, but even then, most OCT. 8 — President Kennedy, Commerce compilation of 17 key there won’t be a recession next avowal of his Atlantic City state­ of the listeners are not at all eager in his Aug. 13 radio-TV speech on indicators for August was pub­ year, starting quite likely with a m ent. for a war with Cuba. the state of the U.S. economy, lished in Business Cycle Develop­ post-Christmas decline in Jan­ In tod ay’s Tim es article, Rossant “ Many find themselves agreeing asserted that the July “economic ments. As Joseph A. Loftus of the uary and February. gives a very revealing example of with me as to the right of the indicators . . . do not warrant the New York Times so ta c tfu lly If some economists are reluctant the frame of mind of the profes­ Cubans to make a socialist revolu­ conclusion that we are entering a phrased it, the indicators were to make their views public, the sional economists dependent for tion by the time I have finished new recession.” Kennedy’s speech “somewhat less encouraging than reasons are three-fold. First, some their livelihood on the largesse of the discussion.” along with his July “economic in­ they were a month earlier.” Nine are really puzzled. Second, some business organizations, business- Feingold quoted an article by dicators” was shortly tossed into pointed down; seven, up; one re­ are afraid that pessimistic predic­ controlled universities or the big- the noted public opinion analyst the wastebasket of history. mained unchanged. Among the tions may trigger an even speedier business government. Samuel Lubell in the Oct. 5 N.Y. nine pointing down were such key economic decline or a sharp stock- “ . . . Even in private economists (Continued on Page 2) indicators as durable-goods manu­ market break of the proportions of appear overcautious. An informal U.S., Canada Lead facturers’ orders, machinery and last May and June. And third, poll of ten economists revealed equipment orders and the average there is fear of reprisal. that four are expecting a decline W orld in Jobless work week of manufacturing The last point is certainly one in 1963 b u t don’t th in k it p ru d e n t important reason why “few .econ­ The United States can claim production workers. to say so. Another four admit to omists or businessmen are rushing the distinction of having a On Sept. 30, the N ew Y o rk being confused by economic indi­ out with firm predictions,” as higher jobless rate than any Tim es published an economic sur­ cators and haven’t made up their pointed out by M. J. Rossant in other industrial nation in the vey of the th ird q u a rte r of 1962. minds. One thinks the economy The headlines read in part: “ Econ­ his “View From the Fence,” a will show a rise over the next “free world” except Canada. A omy Mixed” and “Outlook Cloudy” special feature in the financial three quarters. And one took the panel of experts reported to and “Output Levels Off.” section of today’s New York Times. view that a substantial cut in the president at the end of In fact, the only bright note in They recall only too well what taxes would prevent a decline but September that the U.S. rate the survey was the observation happened to Ewin Clague, long­ was 5.6%. The Canadian figure doubted that Congress would act that “ business so far has escaped time head of the U.S. Bureau of unless confronted with a serious was 7%. Third place was held a much-predicted recession . . Labor Statistics, when he told a deterioration.” by Italy with 4.3%. That’s like a doctor cheerfully national gathering of experts in In short, out of the ten econ­ On Oct. 4 the Department of telling a person expected to die Atlantic City last June 19 that the omists questioned, five expect a Labor reported that the na­ within six months, “Well, you’re historic trend and indicators signal decline, although one sees the pos­ tional jobless rate was 5.8% in still alive I see.” Hardly anyone a recession in 1963. The m ild - sibility of avoiding a recession September and noted that this of repute in the field of economics mannered and conservative Clague through legislative action he does was the same as their figure has predicted a recession before was immediately subjected to an not expect Congress to take. Four for August. Normally, there 1963. B u t h a rd ly anyone o f stand­ insulting public rebuke by the hesitate to give any opinion, which should have been a drop in ing in this field — except direct then Secretary of Labor, Arthur suggests they are not prepared to September. mouthpieces of the Kennedy Ad­ Goldberg. Clague was compelled (Continued on Page 3) Carl Feingold Page Two THE MILITANT Monday, October 15, 1962 California Voters Show Apathy To Nixon and Brown Campaigns

A California Democratic Party attacks on Nixon, with very few Committee on Automation and spokesman has described the gub­ words of praise for Brown. The Technological Development to “do ernatorial race between Governor point is that areas of disagreement something about automation.” Edmund Brown and Richard Ni­ between the two big-business can­ Exactly what the committee is to Eastern Air Lines is claiming Civil Liberties Union has sent a do has not been revealed. xon as a “nose-holding contest.” didates are considered either un­ victory in its attempts to break letter to Attorney General Robert important or unconvincing by Ca­ Brown, like Nixon, has refused A Nixon advisor agreed that the strike of the Flight Engineers F. Kennedy commenting on the to take a stand against the bru­ “people w ill be voting against, not lifornia voters. The areas of agree­ U n ion w h ic h began June 23. East­ Department of Justice announce­ ment so overshadow these minor tality practiced against Negroes for” either major party candidate. ern claims to be operating under ment that it would press another differences that most people don’t and other minorities by the Los The unpopularity of both can­ a full schedule, having reduced jet trial against seven officials of the think it worthwhile to try to Angeles police. Such police terror didates w ith California voters was crews from four to three men and Mine M ill and Smelter Workers make a choice. reached a high point last April in borne out in a survey reported in replaced flight engineers with union on an old Taft-Hartley Both Brown and Nixon, for a shooting spree against unarmed the Oct. 5 Wall Street Journal. members of the Airline Pilots As­ “conspiracy” charge. example, are opposed to the $1.25 Negroes who belong to the Black Voter after voter, the article sociation. minimum wage in agriculture. M uslim s. The letter reviews the history states, expressed “negative sen­ A report filed with the Civil Brown, the “pro-labor” Democra­ The candidates of the Socialist of a decade of concerted persecu­ timents” about both Brown and Aeronautics Board by the com­ tic candidate, claims that it would Workers Party, Oscar Coover, who tion of the union by the govern­ Nixon. Many voters are expected pany reveals that seven other air­ “place California farmers at even is running for governor, and ment and says: “No matter how to spend election day fishing or at lines have advanced almost $16 a greater disadvantage in compet­ Frances James, candidate for U.S. this case is examined, it essential­ the beach. “Probably the most m illion to Eastern since the strike ing with Southern States, where senator, are conducting a write-in ly concerns the wisdom of com­ common reply,” the J o u rn a l re ­ began, under a “mutual aid” pact. ports, “is ‘I wish I had a third labor costs are less.” Neither campaign to present genuine al­ pelling trade unionists to hew to Picket lines by the flight engineers Brown nor Nixon has put forward ternatives to California voters. An orthodox politics or suffer the choice.’ ” were not respected by the other The California labor movement any solution to the problem of un­ election statement issued by them consequences of crim inal prosecu­ unions with workers on the air­ employment. Two months before last week called on the labor mo­ tion. Our government ought not accepts Brown as a lesser evil. line. Some 500 flight engineers the election, Brown announced the vement to break all ties with the stand guilty of diminishing our Election statements published by have lost their jobs at Eastern as appointment of a Governor’s parties of militarism and big bus­ political freedoms by these indi­ the AFL-CIO generally consist of a result of the elimination of the iness and to “organize its own rect methods.” fourth jet-crew member. Their party, basing it on the unions and average earnings were $12,000 a * * * including the Negro people, work­ year. Wayne Leverenz Urges ing farmers, students and profes­ * * The trucking employers who sional people.” The SWP candi­ were holding out against a new dates urged an earnest fight for A new contract extension has contract pattern set by the Inter­ the 30-hour week at 40 hours’ pay finally been signed between the national Brotherhood of Teamsters Debate on Foreign Policy as a p ro gra m to cou nter the New York Hotel Trades Council in the New York-New Jersey area threat of increasing mass unem­ and the Hotel Association. As a last month have signed with the B y Jam es E. B o u lto n ployment, and the setting up of result of increased rank-and-file union. The pattern was set by a civilian police review boards to militancy — stemming from a strike Sept. 24 by three Teamster dent column along with those of MILWAUKEE — Wayne Lev­ end police brutality against min­ successful “wildcat strike” at the locals and a strike threat by 13 Georgia Cozzini of the Socialist erenz, Socialist Workers Party orities. Waldorf-Astoria hotel last May — more. It provides for a 37c-per- Labor Party and W illiam O. Hart, candidate for U.S. Senator from A copy of the full text of the the union leaders were forced to hour package increase — 25c of it Independent Peace candidate. Wisconsin, who was certified for California SWP election statement authorize certain “job actions” to in wages immediately. It also pro­ the ballot Oct. 2 after filing peti­ In a letter to the Madison So­ may be obtained from campaign force the association to sign. The vides, in effect, uniform trucking tions containing 5,260 signatures, cialist Club at the University of headquarters at 1702 E. 4th St., contract provides some significant contract terms for over-the-road has been notified of his eligibility Wisconsin, Leverenz pointed to the Los Angeles, or 563 16th St., improvements including a 35- and general merchandise haulers to appear on the Wisconsin State presence on the ballot of three O akland. h o u r-w e e k b e ginning in 1964, so­ in the area. Wages now stand at Network forum for candidates to minority party candidates and cial security insurance payments $3.13 an hour for tractor-trailer major political office. urged the holding of a forum to on a base of $70 per week for drivers, $3.03 for regular drivers, Leverenz’s name w ill appear on which all senatorial candidates, tip workers, and a slight change and $2.80 for helpers. Some 12,500 the Nov. 6 ballot in the indepen- including Democrat Gaylord Nel­ in the notorious clause 14-A. New York City and 57,000 over- son and Alexander Wiley, senior Clause 14-A gave the employer the-road Teamster members are Republican on the Senate Foreign the right to fire any employe at covered. Relations Committee, would be in­ any time, without restriction. It The Oct. 4 New York Times vited. The SWP candidate pro­ . . . Feingold has been in effect since the first fumed editorially: “The new con­ posed as the subject the State De­ contract in the 1930’s and was tracts call for wage increases far (Continued from Page 1) partment’s build-up for military used from time to time to nullify above those provided under the World Telegram which pointed out intervention abroad. job security, seniority, and protec­ Kennedy Administration’s guide­ In a letter to the editors of all that of voters interviewed in six tion for union delegates. It put lines for gearing higher pay to newspapers in the state, James E. states in the last month, only one every union delegate at the mercy higher productivity.” third favor U.S. military meas­ Boulton, chairman of the SWP of the employer and made him or ures against Cuba, though a Committee for Wayne Leverenz, her think twice before angering * * » majority think that preparations urged a public call for the count­ the boss by sticking up for those for such measures are being made. in g o f a ll the votes polled by he or she was supposed to rep­ The National Farmers Organiza­ Another one fourth favor the minority parties. This, the letter resent. tion, currently conducting a strike U.S. keeping hands off Cuba. The stated, would be an important step It was often used by union of­ for higher prices from processors remaining 40 per cent are indeci­ in restoring Wisconsin’s once ficials as an excuse for not fight­ in the Middle West, is developing sive and are worried about the proud tradition of electoral free­ ing for the job of a militant del­ cooperation with the trade union threat of a Cuban invasion lead­ dom for all political views and egate. The change provides for a movement. Speakers at recent ing to nuclear war or about what parties. review of discharges by an impar­ NFO meetings have included Pat the rest of the world would think Referring to the recent bloody tial chairman if the union believes Greathouse, head of the Agricul­ of the U.S. if it made such a move. events in Mississippi, the latter they were not fired for just cause. tural Implement Department of “Considering the unrelieved declared that it could be plainly * * * the United Auto Workers, and brainwashing the U.S. people have seen just which forces in America President Ralph Helstein of the Approximately 20 per cent of been subjected to on the Cuban “conspire to advocate the use of United Packinghouse Workers. Oscar G. Coover the workers in the basic steel in­ issue,” said Feingold, “the mere force and violence” — the charge NFO members are withholding dustry are currently laid off ac­ fact that most of them do not which has been falsely used livestock from processors demand­ cording to officials of the United favor what the newspapers have against parties of the left, begin­ ing “collective bargaining con­ Steelworkers of America. been screaming for is an indica­ ning with the Socialist Workers tracts.” Oren Lee Staley, a 38 year- tion of the basic decency of the Party at the first Smith Act trial ... Drug Bill * * * old livestock farmer from Rea, mass of the American people. in 1941. (Continued from Page 1) John deJ. Pemberton Jr., Ex­ Mo., is president of the seven- They don’t know the truth about “The precise sense in which the ecutive Director of the American year-old NFO. who discovered she had taken the Cuba, but they sense there is Socialist Workers Party and its baby-deforming sedative, further something fishy about what they candidate for U.S. Senator from aroused public opinion. are being told.” Wisconsin, Wayne Leverenz, ad­ The other factor simply was the Feingold announced that the vocates the use of force,” the let­ calendar. Congress is up for re- Socialist Workers Party slate ter noted, “is bluntly stated in his election this fall and congressmen Pre-Publication Offer would appear on Row D on the platform: Let the federal troops about to face their constituents ballot. “A vote on Row D is a register and protect Negro voters are more susceptible than usual to vote for peace,” he said. in the South.” public feeling. The new legislation provides THE FIRST TEN YEARS that (a) before a new drug can be sold it must first be licensed OF AMERICAN COMMUNISM after proof of both its safety and INTRODUCTORY OFFER! effectiveness have been shown; Report of a Participant (b) the Food and Drug Adminis­ tration can remove a drug from By James P. Cannon A Four-Month Subscription the market if it thinks it unsafe; (c) the generic as w e ll as trade To The Militant for only $1 names have to be printed on all Publisher's price— $.600. Order now through Pioneer labels and in advertising to doc­ tors; (d) side-effects have to be Publishers and pay pre-publication price of only $4.50 Nam e ...... noted in such promotional ma­ terial; (e) all drug manufacturers prepaid. Delivery date October 15. must register with FDA and sub­ S tr e e t...... Z o n e ...... m it to factory inspections; (f) all research, clinical and pre-clinical This Offer Good Only to November 7, 7962 C ity ...... State ...... information must be filed with the FDA before any tests are made on humans; (g) clinical investigators PIONEER PUBLISHERS Send to The Militant, 116 University Place, must be qualified and accepted as 116 University Place, New York 3, N.Y. such by the FDA; and (h) all anti­ New York 3, N.Y. biotics must be tested batch-by- batch before certification. Page Three Monday, October 15, 1962 THE MILITANT Chrysler— Where It Doesn't Trickle Down Dorticos Hits in a union statement — saying By George Breitman centive to automate faster and War Clamor compete better. than an army of unemployed is DETROIT — The “trickle- Until recently, the labor move­ a condition for the prosperity of (Continued from Page 1) down” theory, if you can call it ment has generally opposed the w orkers? Fraser and his fellow of the ministers spoke out against a theory, is the dominant one in trickle-down doctrine, at least in bureaucrats have begun to think plans to attack Cuba. He chal­ America today, endorsed and words. I could dig up dozens of like company executives so much lenged them to reveal the discus­ embraced by every section of the statements by UAW president that they have gotten things mixed sions publicly so “one and all may capitalist class. Walter Reuther condemning it (es­ up. A “ready reserve” of unem­ know” who is upsetting peace in According to this doctrine, pecially when Republicans advo­ ployed helps the corporation put this hemisphere. workers can make economic gains cate it ) . the heat on the employed work­ Dr. Dorticos repeatedly declared only when — and only after — ers to work harder, but how does Cuba’s policy of not trying to ex­ employers have made them. If the But now opposition to this doc­ it help any workers, employed or port revolution except by example. employers make bigger profits, it trine is dying in the labor move­ unemployed? He said: “Underdevelopment is a is claimed, the workers benefit ment — along with militancy, so­ You might as well say that the hemisphere problem; we are not because something trickles down lidarity and democracy. A really five or six million unemployed in a hemisphere problem. Hunger, to them too. crude and crass example was supplied by the UAW leadership the country today are a condition famine, need, are hemisphere A Great Theory at a UAW Chrysler Council meet­ for the prosperity of the whole problems, but Cuba is not. Lack ing Sept. 7. American working class. Some of education and illiteracy are When workers accept this doc­ capitalists may say that, but it hemisphere problems, not Cuba. trine, it has certain inevitable re­ A Poor Third Walter Reuther isn’t often that you find union The training and preparation of sults: If the boss, through incom­ leaders sufficiently company- armed forces, specifically on the petence or through defeat in com­ Chrysler for some years has minded and sufficiently indiscreet part of the government of the U.S., petition with other bosses, shows been a poor third among auto’s exist for an era of prosperity for to say it out loud. in various countries of this con­ a drop in profits, then the workers Big Three. Profits, sales and pro­ Chrysler workers and the Chrys­ tinent to be used in the supres- should work harder and faster, duction declined, thanks mainly Discovers Speed-Up ler Corporation.” sion of popular movements . . . give up demands for wage raises to mismanagement. Chrysler Four “requisite conditions” are Fourth on the list is “a rate of this is a hemisphere problem, not and even agree to wage cuts — so workers were laid off in large listed: First is the new styling of productivity by this (Chrysler) Cuba.” that the boss’s profits will in­ numbers, and the others were sub­ jected to intense speedup. the 1963 m odels. Second is “ great work force which is, beyond ques­ He reiterated his government’s crease and there w ill be some­ tion, entirely competitive with Some shifts in Chrysler man­ improvement” in quality stand­ offers to negotiate, saying Cuba thing to trickle down. that of Ford and General Motors agement were made during the ards. would gladly stop the expensive It’s a great theory — for the workers.” Fraser says he learned last year, and the UAW leaders Third — listen to this! — is process of arming — defensive as bosses. No wonder they love it — this recently from a cross-coun­ now have decided that Chrysler “inheritance by new management it is — if the U.S. would offer all of them, Republicans and try tour of Chrysler plants, during workers have a bright future. So of the most experienced and qual­ guarantees that it would not at­ Democrats, corporation executives which he “ came across some jobs says Douglas Fraser, UAW Chrys­ ified work force in the industry, tack Cuba. He insisted, however, who believe that what’s good for where it appeared Chrysler work­ ler director and international ex­ backed by a ready reserve of on guarantees in deeds, not words. GM is good for the country, and ers are putting forth greater phy­ ecutive board member, reporting trained employes — some with as Referring to the U.N. sessions in presidents of the United States sical effort than can reasonably be a resolution passed at the UAW much as 15 years seniority — who April, 1961 when Adlai Stevenson who “promote economic growth” expected.” by sponsoring tax cuts for capital­ Chrysler Council, which declares: are on the layoff list.” lied before the whole world, Dor­ But Fraser didn’t try to explain ists so that they w ill have the in- “A ll the requisite conditions now Can you imagine such a thing ticos said: “When the invasion of how competition between Chrysler April, 1961 took place, many of and other auto workers helps any you here heard the representative of them. It is well known that of the government of the United “making workers competitive” States, Adlai Stevenson, declare ... '63 Recession Expected enables the corporations to make that such an invasion had not greater profits. But how do the taken place . . . and that his gov­ (Continued from Page 1) signals to follow.” I know just the cline since the 1947-49 period, workers benefit from this com­ ernment had not sponsored that rule out a recession. Thus, nine man Rossant is looking for. He w hen the in d e x stood at 100. On petition for greater productivity? invasion.” Dorticos pointed out out of ten either foresee a reces­ wears a turban and false beard Oct. 3, i t was 79.6. The fo u r biggest It only makes them get old quick­ that Kennedy admitted U.S. spon­ sion or do not exclude it on the and owns a crystal ball. If the steel corporations last week had er and die earlier. sorship of the invasion a few days basis of the available economic New York Times slips him ten to announce price cuts on the West la te r. bucks, I am sure he w ill gaze into Coast following a reduction set by A Substitute for Militancy statistics and trends. Dr. Dorticos repeated the Soviet his crystal ball and come through Kaiser Steel. Rossant is troubled by what he When Fraser announced the warning that a U.S. attack on with an “intuitive” forecast that calls the “overcautious” attitude There is a long-term increase in UAW resolution, it was correctly Cuba could mean world war and no recession is in the offing and of the economists. He doesn’t mean business failures. The number of reported in the Detroit dailies: said the Cuban leaders believed in that it’s safe to raise the advertis­ that they won’t state their opinions manufacturing firms is lower than “UAW Praises Chrysler, Sees Big the Soviet assurance of “solidari­ in g rates. openly but that they won’t take a it was a decade ago. In 1961, there Year for Firm.” That’s what ty” in face of a U.S. attack. “We were 17,075 business failures, the position in variance with the sta­ In the meantime, I’ll have to go trickle-downism comes to in the believe in principles,” he repeat- highest since 1933. tistical evidence — that they won’t along with those bourgeois econ­ final analysis — not just praise of ed several times, “and that is why say “up” when the data points omists who are not afraid to speak There has been a decline in pri­ the corporations, not just accept­ we believe in the solidarity I have “down.” He complains that they out and who now quite openly vate business investment since ance of their economic doctrines, referred to. If the government are relying “on statistical indi­ predict a recession w ithin the next 1957. M a n u fa ctu re rs com p la in of but utter and slavish dependence of the U.S. does not believe it,” he cators which are themselves fal­ year. “overcapacity.” During the 1955- upon the m as a su b stitu te fo r said, “it is because it does not un­ lible” and this “can lead to error.” 57 period, industry expanded its militant defense of the workers’ A Prediction derstand what a policy founded But Rossant has to concede that productive capacity 20 per cent. needs. upon principles is.” if the indicators are right, “then In fact, such a prediction was In the following four years, an­ The main requisite of Chrysler The Cuban president challenged the so-called standard forecast, the published just three days ago in a other 20 per cent was added. All and other workers today is to get Stevenson to declare whether the one that most economists w ill ac­ dispatch to the New York Times industry in July was operating at rid of leaders who seem to be U.S. is willing to negotiate U.S.- cept, is likely to call for a grad­ from San Francisco. The article by an estimated 85 per cent of capac­ more concerned about the welfare Cuban differences. Stevenson’s ual topping out of the rise followed Wallace Turner reported: “A sur­ ity. Last week, steel was still op­ of the corporations than of the reply — given at a press confer­ by a decline.” vey among purchasing agents erating at only 62 per cent of workers, and to replace them with ence following Dorticos speech — shows unmistakable signs of an capacity. Positive Optimism leaders who understand the class- was: “Communism in the Amer­ approaching recession, the man The most ominous figure of all struggle truth that economic gains icas is not negotiable.” This reply Well, if Rossant is seeking who made the survey said here is the national unemployment rate, can be won only by fighting the shocked many UN delegates as an positive optimism in spite of the today.” which last month was 5.8 per cent employers, not by kneeling be­ open declaration that the U.S. does statistical evidence, I suggest he The forecast was made by no of the labor force compared to 5.5 fore them, mouths expectantly not recognize the sovereign right buttonhole almost anyone in the less an authority than E. F. An­ per cent in July. It has not been open for whatever may trickle of another nation to choose its Kennedy administration’s hire. drews, chairman of the Business below 4 per cent since M a y 1957. dow n. own internal economic system. But Rossant discounts the reliabil­ Survey Committee of the Na­ ity even of Dr. Walter W. Heller, tional Association of Purchasing “the Administration’s chief eco­ Agents. The A ssociation has 17,000 nomic prophet.” Rossant observes members who represent firms acidly: “For who ever heard of a which spend $200 billion a year. Government official forecasting a The forecast is based on the an­ World Events recession before it actually oc­ swers these 17,000 purchasing curs?” agents gave in the latest monthly Guilt by Association H it m ilitary authorites announced on other locations, including admin­ What does Rossant want? Eco­ Oct. 7. The crash brought to at survey by Andrews’ committee. An attempt by the national ex­ istration buildings. Panama, which nomic forecasting, he opines, “is least 21 the number of American still holds titular, although not The agents report on orders, pro­ ecutive committee of the British still an art demanding intuitive servicemen killed in action in duction, employment, prices and Labor Party to make “guilt by as­ actual, sovereignty over the Canal talent” and “there is a lot to be Vietnam since December. inventories. sociation” a reason for expulsion Zone has been protesting the fact said for playing hunches, espe­ that only U.S. flags have been “A ll categories of the survey was decisively rejected at an Oct. cially when there are no clear Troops W ear Peace Pin flown there. The name which the point downward,” Turner report­ 2 session of the annual conference. The Campaign for Nuclear Dis­ ed. He quoted Andrews directly: The executive had proposed an U.S. Congress designated for the armament has stirred up a contro­ new bridge, “Thatcher Ferry­ Woden* S&ofr “If history is to repeat itself we amendment to the party constitu­ should go into a recession in early versy in Denmark. Conscripts at bridge,” has also been a source of 170* t h w * SL-U» A- q .W M tion which would have given them the Vordinborg Garrison have irritation. On Oct. 5 the Panama ANo*>m M O M 1963.” The surveys have been the power to expel a member made since 1934 and u n fa ilin g ly been wearing CND badges on their National Assembly passed a U ckt * AM rM k U m who associated with a proscribed uniforms. They were ordered to have given indications of reces­ organization, even though he was strongly worded resolution rec­ lpKUU'i«bH«W ort»Of sion or boom three to eight months remove the badges but have ap­ ommending that the bridge be JLAJO, B40C1A UNM AMD TtOTUCf not a member of it. After a vigor­ in advance, Andrews claimed. pealed the order on the grounds ous debate a motion to proceed to called “Bridge of the Americas” Behind the “key indicators” that regulations permit the wear­ and suggesting that Panama of­ the next business was carried by which point the probable short­ ing of insignia of non-political as­ a vote of 3,497,000 to 2,793,000. ficials refuse to accept corres­ term trend of the economy, be­ sociations. The commander-in- pondence referring to the struc­ The subject arose from the inabili­ hind the further slide in the stock chief of the army is reported to ture as the Thatcher Ferrybridge. ty of the right-wing leadership of market instead of the predicted be making a thorough study of the party to act against Bertrand “post-Labor Day rally,” behind CND. Police Fire on Strikers How Cuba Uprooted Russell, Canon Collins, and others the “overcaution” of the profes­ Two persons were killed and for their association with the sional economists, there are cer­ New Bridge Irks Panama at least six injured on Oct. 3 when Race Discrimination Moscow Peace Conference this tain long-term trends which are When the new bridge across police opened fire on a group of sum m er. By Harry Ring symptomatic of malignant disease the Panama Canal is dedicated on strikers at a steel factory near 16 pages 15 cents in the U.S. profit system. I will U.S. Deaths in Vietnam Oct. 12, both U.S. and Panam a Calcutta, India. Authorities stated briefly cite a few. flags w ill fly over the roadway, that a policeman had been killed Pioneer Publishers Seven American servicemen The wholesale commodity price according to a Canal Zone spokes­ 116 University Place earlier in a clash with strikers. were killed in a U.S. Marine heli­ man. Panama flags w ill also be New York 3, N.Y. index, as distinct from the cost At least 70 have been injured and of living, has been in general de- copter crash in central Vietnam, flown from now on at several 60 arrested since the strike began. Page Four THE MILITANT Monday, October 15, 1962

th e MILITANT "Giants Si, Yankees No!" By Ed Beecher Broadway, it was the “God seats over the dugout and don’t Editor: JOSEPH HANSEN YANKEE STADIUM, N. Y., damned Yankees” with us. And even bother to use them half the Managing Editor: GEORGE LAVAN Business Manager: KAROLYN KERRY Oct. 8 — Baseball is still the na­ we half anticipated the Cuban tim e? Published weekly, except from July 11 to Sept. 5 when published bi-weekly, tional pastime. No doubt about it. Revolution with the slogan “Tigers At any rate, my boss, who is a by The Militant Publishing Ass’n., 116 University PL, New York 3, N.Y. Phone Each year during the World Si, Yankees No!, Indians Si, Yan­ real shrewdie if there ever was CH 3-2140. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Subscription: $3 a year; Series people, businesses, and kees No!, White Sox Si, Yankees one, put up a pair of box seats Canadian, $3.50; foreign, $4.50. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily — yes — even the stock market, N o!” to the World Series as a bonus. represent The Militant’s views. These arc expressed in editorials. slow up for a few hours per day. A lw a y s W on 1 don’t know how he got them but Perhaps I should know better, I heard through the grapevine Our slogans didn’t help but only V o l. 26 - No. 37 <^$»345 M onday, O ctober 15, 1962 but to this day I cherish my that he paid $50 for two $12 tic­ led to frustration because the memories of Babe Ruth, Jackie Yanks invariably won. We con­ kets — and still thought it was a Robinson and other baseball greats bargain! Come to think of it, he cluded we were jinxing the other of yesteryear. After all, Karl Marx got off pretty cheap at that. Last teams and so we w e n t less and came much later in my life! year the incentive was two shares The Real Issue less each year. That was bad As a child, I was a Yankee fan of company stock at $50 a share. President John F. Kennedy and most of the newspaper edi­ enough. But when the Yankees because of my admiration for the tors dealing with the current crisis in Mississippi claim that the refused to use Negro ballplayers But nobody broke his hump to “Babe,” the greatest player of all become a stockholder because then main issue involved is abstract “law and order.” The federal law until they were absolutely forced time. But when I saw how he was how could you go on strike against to — and then only token integra­ has been challenged, so the argument goes, and this challenge kicked around after the Yankees yourself? tion at that — we decided to boy­ must be met — regardless of the merits of the law itself — or had sucked his personality and cott them altogether. But this year it was different. “anarchy” w ill be upon us. This argument is used to avoid taking talents dry, I transferred my al­ Our interest in baseball revived The boys really sweated and a position on the merits of the law — in this case the Supreme legiance and patronage to the slaved for a month — and I was when the Sad Mets came to town Court decision for school integration. G iants. one of the winners of a pair of and we could again see the Giants It is used to evade the real issue. The real issue is civil rights My son and I used to go to all box seats. Was I in seventh heav­ and Dodgers in action. After all, the Giant-Dodgers games. Since en? I had finally made it. My boy­ — particularly the right of the Negro half of Mississippi’s pop­ our mutual hero is Willie Mays I was a Giant fan and he was a hood ambition of seeing a World ulation to full citizenship. (the “Say, Hey” kid), the great­ loyal Dodger rooter, we really had Series game was finally to be ful­ The attempt to shift from the essence of the matter — Negro est player in baseball today in a ball. filled. Now I would be able to die rights — to the abstract legalities allows Kennedy to avoid a our (un)biased opinion. But five years ago when the with a smile on my face. direct confrontation with the white supremacists who rule the Giants and Dodgers moved to the Although I had supported the South and are such a power in the Democratic Party. It provides Gold Coast to pick up millions of game for over 35 years and had Out in Left Field him with an excuse for pulling federal forces out of Mississippi extra bucks (even though the listened to millions of beer and You can imagine my surprise as soon as the direct challenge to the ruling in one court case Supreme Court ruled that baseball razor-blade commercials on radio and disgust when I got to the sta­ appears to be overcome, leaving the real job — securing first- is a sport and not a business) a and TV, I had never even come dium and was ushered to Section class citizenship for Mississippi Negroes — still unfinished, or void was left. We hadn’t much close to seeing a World Series 36 — way out in left field (and I really mean left field), smack rather, hardly begun. choice but to go and root against game. After all, who does, except the hated Yankees. So, long before the expense-account boys and up against the bleachers to boot! The situation is similar to that which prevailed during the the musical “Damn Yankees” hit their cronies who have season box Even the bleachers would have first part of the Civil War, when Lincoln and the other federal been better, except you have to leaders insisted that the issue was not slavery but “maintaining get there at 5 a.m. to get in. As a the union.” It was only when Lincoln squarely faced the central matter of fact the $12 box seats issue and signed the Emancipation Proclamation, that the war was Dr. Shapiro Reports on Cuba weren’t as good as our usual $1.30 brought to its turning point. grandstand or 75-cent bleacher The present fight in the South w ill remain indecisive while seats, and I’d certainly feel more the president is able to evade facing the central issue. He must be At Meeting of Detroit Forum at home with my friends in the made to put the full weight of federal power directly behind the bleachers than with the big shots DETROIT, Oct. 6 — A speech result in a new policy toward in the $12 box seats. enforcement in their entirety of the civil rights of the Negro on Cuba in the C. Wright Mills Cuba, but nothing in this policy people of the South. A first step towards this would be to keep The parking fee was $3 for the tradition was enthusiastically re­ has changed. He thinks the only usual $1 space. Vendors selling federal troops in Mississippi, not only to guard James Meredith ceived last night at a meeting of intelligent policy for the U.S. is to field glasses at $2.50 apiece did but to establish the right of Negroes to vote. the Friday Night Socialist Forum learn how to get along with Cas­ a land-office business because we in Debs Hall. The speaker was tro, and he expressed bitterness could hardly see the pitcher or Samuel Shapiro, assistant profes­ about the difficulty of even get­ first baseman. The batter looked sor of history at Michigan State ting such an attitude discussed in like a midget way off in outer Restore Their Rights University-Oakland, who recent­ th is co u n try. He sees “ dem ocratic space, and the baseball looked ly revisited Cuba as a reporter for politics breaking down” when no The decision in the case of George A. Scythes, which we about the size of a pea. When a The Nation. political alternatives to the pre­ reprint on page six, reveals the legal flimsiness of the first Smith right-handed batter was up, we Shapiro, who has taught in Latin sent policy are available, thanks Act convictions in 1941. At that time 18 Socialist Workers Party co u ld n ’t see the um p c a llin g balls America and is well-acquainted to the two-party hostility to Cuba and strikes and had to look at leaders and Minneapolis Truckdrivers union officials were rail­ with its problems, said the Cuban for economic and political reasons. the scoreboard. We were wagging roaded to prison in a union-busting campaign undertaken jointly economy is in trouble. The main Backs Wm. Worthy our heads like people watching a by the Roosevelt administration and the leaders of the Teamsters reason he attributed to the U.S. In the course of the meeting, tennis match! Union. The failure of some working-class political tendencies to cutting off of trade; also respon­ Shapiro solidarized himself with To top it off the hot dogs were support the struggle against those convictions helped the reaction­ sible are inexperience, the loss of William Worthy, Negro reporter gone by the third inning and beer aries to set a precedent for the subsequent Smith Act trials. technicians, and mistakes freely recently convicted for visiting was being b la ckm a rke ted at 50 admitted by the Cuban leadership. In the Scythes case the court specifically cited the first Smith Cuba and writing the truth about cents a can by the fourth inning Act trial and based part of its decision on a review of evidence But no one is starving in Cuba, it. In the discussion period, which — at which time we decided to presented at that trial. But the heart of the Scythes decision, unlike other parts of Latin Amer­ lasted longer than his original give up our $12 box seats and namely that there is no substantial evidence that the SWP ad­ ica, and measures are being taken talk, Shapiro also gave his impres­ stand in the back of Section 2C to overcome the difficulties. He vocates or teaches force and violence, is a belated admission sions of Robert F. Williams, a re­ for the rest of the game. feels that the worst months are that the 1941 convictions were not legally justified. Much of the fugee in Cuba from a frame-up But I guess I shouldn’t complain still ahead (until the new sugar in North Carolina. because for once I didn’t jinx my government’s “evidence” in the 1941 trial consisted of passages harvest begins around January), W ith 145 in attendance, this was team and the Giants won hands quoted from publications, passages which the court in the recent but that the Cubans are coping the biggest meeting ever held by down, 7-3. Willie got a hit and case dismissed as ambiguous and abstract. with their economic problems and the Friday Night Socialist Forum. made a great play, and I was The victims of the first Smith Act prosecution have served w ill probably solve them. It presents forums at 8 p.m. every satisfied. their sentences and that time can never be returned to them. As Political consciousness and ac­ F rid a y at 3737 W oodw ard. Maybe I’m nuts but I still think a result of their conviction, however, the right to vote and other tivity are widespread, Shapiro baseball could be a truly wonder­ important civil rights were taken from them. The decision in the found, although they take differ­ “Labor cannot on any terms ful game. And, after all my grip­ ent forms than in the U.S. He es­ Scythes case means that the time is now ripe for a campaign to surrender the right to strike.” — ing don’t get me wrong — I still timated them to be at the level of Louis D. Brandeis (1856-1941) love it. restore those rights to them. a presidential campaign in our country, and continuing that way all the time. As in his Sept. 22 The Kennedy Tax "Reform" N ation article, he reported the lively discussions and elections The Kennedy tax revision bill, recently enacted by both that he had observed at a youth Poet’s Corner Houses of Congress, makes it more imperative than ever for the meeting. labor movement to mobilize all its forces and resources in an all- Majority Support Castro out struggle to win the 30-hour week. The revolution continues to have Fight? What For? The main plank in the Kennedy tax program provides for a the support of the majority of the $1 billion tax concession to big business to spur plant-moderniza- people: “A greater proportions of I am “wanted to go in the army.” tion. This billion dollar give-away is designed to increase produc­ Cubans support Castro than Well, what would they give me to do? tive capacity by accelerating the process of plant automation and Americans support Kennedy.” “You’ll have to be killing your brothers mechanization. In its present form the Kennedy program can only Speaking as one w h o is, “ by and If one of them doesn’t kill you.” succeed in adding to the growing army of unemployed per­ large, in favor of the Cuban rev­ manently automated out of their jobs. olution,” he nevertheless feels I am “wanted to go in the army.” “queasy” about Castro’s predo­ To add insult to injury, the Democratic Party-controlled con­ Say, what is there in it for me? minant role in the revolution be­ “You’d help to be saving your country gress, struck out of the bill every provision designed to plug the cause one-man control is not a From brother-men over the sea.” loopholes in the tax laws which permit the rich to defraud the permanent form, provides no in­ government of billions in taxes each year. stitutional protections against ty­ My country? Who says I’ve a country? Instead of the surplus promised by Kennedy from the added ranny, and is dangerous for the I live in another man’s flat revenue to be derived by tightened restrictions against the rich fu tu re . T h a t hasn’t as m uch as a door y a rd — it is now estimated that the tax bill would produce a net loss of At the same time, Shapiro gave And why should I battle for that? $545 m illion a year. several examples to show that It is now being proposed by spokesmen for Wall Street that Castro has curbed and tempered I haven’t a lot nor a building, bureaucratic abuses and that the the deficit be made up by the imposition of a Federal sales tax. No flower, no garden, nor tree. leadership of the revolution has The landlords have gobbled the country— So long as the capitalist ruling class retains a monopoly of political received no material privileges L e t them do the fighting, not me. power through its two-party system, the guiding line of the and is free of corruption. politicians, whether New Frontier or Old, w ill continue to be: Shapiro related that he had ex­ Celia Baldwin Whitehead Pander to the rich and soak the poor! pected Kennedy’s election would Monday, October 15, 1962 THE MILITANT Page Five "The Truth Shall Not Be Jailed" NEW YORK — The Committee versal Declaration of Human for the Freedom of William Rights: “ Everyone has the right to Worthy has announced the pub­ leave any country, including his lication of “The Truth Shall Not own, and to return to his country.” Be Jailed.” The brochure quotes strong ap­ The four-page illustrated bro­ peals by British philosopher Ber­ chure recapitulates developments trand Russell and civil rights lead­ in the unprecedented “illegal re­ er A. Philip Randolph, calling on entry” prosecution of the Boston- the Department of Justice to drop Congratulations to our Detroit friends of The M ilitant. It was this born newsman. the prosecution. Single copies of the brochure friends. They are over the top paper which covered the story of The brochure’s cover features a may be obtained for ten cents, in with 104 per cent. Not content Robert F. Williams and his fight sketch by Joan Bacchus, Brooklyn coin or stamps, from the Commit­ with being the first to fu lfill their against the white supremacists of artist, showing Mr. Worthy sitting tee for the Freedom of William quota of 100 new subscriptions, Monroe, N. C. It was this paper handcuffed at a microphone. W o rth y, S uite 301, 217 W est 125 they write, “Send us a couple of also which reprinted in full the Before losing his passport as Street, New York 27, N.Y. Twenty hundred more sub blanks. We are speeches of Fidel Castro and re­ pu nishm en t fo r his 1957 tr ip to copies cost one dollar. still going full steam.” ported his struggle against the China, the foreign correspondent The Committee, headed by Mr. “Hope to go way over the 25 CIA-directed counter-revolution­ for the Baltimore Afro-American Randolph and AME Bishop D. mark and am keeping my fingers aries. We ask every reader to pass was frequently heard by millions Ward Nichols, also solicits con­ crossed” — this quote from Boston his copy of The Militant on to a of Americans broadcasting for tributions to make possible an in­ along with 10 new subs, expresses friend and thus help get it into as CBS News from China, Russia, creased tempo of world-wide pub­ the spirit of that group of M ilita n t many hands as possible. South Africa, Eastern Europe and licity on the Worthy case. supporters. Indiana has just in­ Scoreboard West Germany. William Worthy The Committee arranged for the creased its bu nd le fro m 50 to 75 C ity Quota Subs % Underneath the artist’s sketch brochure to be distributed in and has sent in almost half of its D e tro it 100 104 104 is the caption: ing his native land without a pass­ Uganda at the Oct. 9 independ­ quota in new subs. “Through a Baltimore 10 7 70 “Jailed by Attorney General port. He was sentenced on Sep­ ence celebration of that new East new system we find that we can Ind ian a 10 6 60 Kennedy for coming home.” tember 17, U.S. Constitution Day, African nation. Colored Amer­ sell 75 per w eek.” As soon as we Connecticut 30 17 56 to three months in federal prison icans attending the ceremonies Six and a half months after re­ discover Indiana’s new system we N e w ark 15 8 53 and nine months on probation. w ill hand copies to official del­ turning home from Cuba, Mr. w ill let you know all about it. Boston 25 13 52 Worthy was indicted for re-enter- The case is now on appeal. The egates and newsmen from scores Oakland-Berkeley is keeping a Oakland-Berkeley 75 24 32 legal defense is being supported of countries around the world. close watch on Detroit and has San Diego 30 7 23 by the Workers Defense League. sent us 11 new subscriptions this Philadelphia 75 15 20 The Committee’s brochure in­ Man-hours lost in strikes week. We warn all soldiers of Twin Cities 100 16 16 10 YEARS AGO cludes an article by Mr. Worthy, reached the lowest point since the Militant Army that word has Seattle 75 9 12 “You Can’t Come Home Any W o rld W a r I I in J u ly , 1962. The been received from Philadelphia San Francisco 75 9 12 More.” Also included are reprints U.S. Dept. of Labor reports that that they intend to give everyone St. L o uis 10 1 10 IN ÏHE mT l ITAÑÍ of editorial comment on the case only 90,000 workers were involved a run for their money. Los Angeles 150 16 10 by the press of the world. in strikes that month with time Special notice and thanks go to N ew Y o rk 150 15 10 Page four of the brochure has a loss amounting to only .27 of one our friends in Canada who have M ilw a u ke e 25 2 8 “Governor Stevenson, darling photocopy of the official court per cent of the nation’s total work been sending in new subs right Akron-Cleveland 75 5 6 of the liberals, made his bid in sentence, including Mr. Worthy’s force. along. This week we received Chicago 90 6 6 an Oct. 7 speech at Detroit for liability while on probation to ar­ seven new subs from north of the D enver 50 0 0 the title of America’s witch-hunt­ rest without a warrant at any “A government needs one hund­ border. G eneral 30 27 90 er-in-chief. He ridiculed Repub­ tim e. red soldiers for every guerrilla it Since ou r cam paign fo r 1,000 lican opponents as ‘noisy ama­ Superimposed on this judicial faces.” — Fulgencio Batista new subscribers was begun we T o ta l 1,200 307 25% teurs’ and set himself up as a document is Article 13 of the Uni- (1901-) have been receiving help from (through Oct. 9) ‘cautious, silent professional’ in the business of destroying the B ill of Rights . . . “He made it clear by endorsing Truman’s witch-hunt point by point. He backed the so-called ‘loyalty’ purge program of gov­ ernment employees which looks into such matters as whether a On Algeria this because from the facts so far five million unemployed and a from capitalism and its concom­ government worker is friendly gathered I haven’t seen Krim or terrible need for schools, hospitals itant evils. Los Angeles, Calif. with Negroes and then throws him any others advocate a left pro­ and slum clearance. In New York, there are thou­ out of a job without disclosing First, let me begin by compli­ gram for the Algerian revolu­ The rich people and the poor sands of Puerto Ricans, Negroes, evidence or specific charges m e n tin g The M ilitant on its excel­ tionary struggle such as that ad­ people live in different worlds and others, living in overcrowded, against him. lent coverage and editorial on the vanced by Ben Bella, Boumedien­ and their interests clash. On TV rat-infested tenements who are “He backed the Smith Act and Peruvian revolutionary youth. ne, or Captain Si Bakhti of the you see pictures of the big wheels discriminated against socially, the jailing of people under it. He Secondly, in a previous edition, ALN. and their gatherings — finery and economically and politically every even went so far as to praise J. I welcomed the recognition given Ed S. glamour at their swanky affairs. day. In Brazil, there are 50,000 Edgar Hoover and his FBI for the stirring Algerian events. How­ The champagne and caviar set is slum dwellers in the city of Sao ‘providing the evidence that sent ever, as I read towards the end of Even Gypped on Water watched by the hamburger and Paulo alone who live “amidst the 31 [Communist Party] leaders Joe Hansen’s article I experienced Detroit, Mich. beer set. The rich try to stay rich garbage, eating garbage and often to prison’ . . . a letdown over the conclusion pre­ Water is a precious resource and and the poor try to stay alive. themselves becoming garbage . . .” “What w ill the liberals of the sented. drinkable water a necessary com­ H ow you see thin gs depends on The reviewer also states that in Americans for Democratic Action, Granted that a civil war is now modity. Yet even here there is which side of the railroad tracks Rio de Janeiro “there are a half the liberal organization which is burgeoning between those most great discrimination practiced by you live on. I live in the slums. million of them.” both opposed to the witch hunt responsive to imperialist pressures some cities in favor of big busi­ Thelma Lucio What it amounts to is that if and in favor of Stevenson, have to and those pushing for a transition ness. the situation in New York is bad (to put it mildly) Sao Paulo is say about this plainly-phrased to a socialist state. The problem Please print the following table New York and Sao Paulo speech? would also seem to be one of op­ of water rates, based on the aver­ horrible, and Rio de Janeiro is an indescribable hell. Eventually the “Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., who posing factio ns within the revolu­ age use of 7,500 gallons a month Long Island City, N.Y. people must turn to socialism for is a member of the executive com­ tionary sector. Hence there is a for “residential” users (working In the book review section of a solution to their poverty, ig­ mittee of the ADA, is also the factional fight between elements class and small home owners), the Sept. 23 New York Times tw o norance and degradation under chief ‘researcher’ for Stevenson’s of the underground fighters who 75,000 gallons a month for “com­ books are reviewed in which a imperialism and capitalism, and campaign committee. W ill he now were imprisoned by the French mercial” users (small business), child asked to be adopted (or follow the example of the Cuban resign in protest? Or perhaps he during the Algerian liberation and 750,000 gallons a month for bought) by a stranger. The first people. has so cast-iron a digestion that struggle as opposed to some who “industrial” users (big business). of these heart-breaking scenes is E. B. he himself did the ‘research’ for were active in the guerrilla forces This table shows that two-thirds in “A Child of the Dark,” the Stevenson’s witch hunt speech.” of the FLN. Those of the former of the cities listed charge the big diary of an heroic woman who — Oct. 13, 1952. group, represented by Ben Bella business interests much less per lived in a garbage dump in Sao Default on Rights Analysis? and Boumedienne, are now con­ gallon, although the water re­ Paulo, Brazil, in which her child Detroit, Mich. solidated around the ALN regular sources are supposed to be pro­ says: “Mama, sell me to Dona As with all radical and liberal 20 YEARS AGO army which is the best equipped vided at public expense and are Julita, because she has such deli­ publications, The Militant makes and organized fighting force on supposed to be a public service. cious food.” no attempt at a critical analysis “The overwhelming majority of the scene. In the second book, “Poppo,” of the Negro freedom movement. CC the Negro people in this country That section of the Willaya 2 by Joseph Berger, a child begs the Negro leaders and organizations are supporters of India’s struggle o author, “Joe, I want you to be are in agonizing conflict over (zonal) army group opposed to r for freedom, the Pittsburgh Cou­ Ben Bella and his bureau is lo­ my father . . . Joe, my father says goals and techniques. Yet liberals rie r's Bureau of Public Sentiment cated around Algiers. It is called C ity VC he wants to give me to you . . . and radicals uncritically support concludes after making a nation­ Detroit $1.31 $11.21 $ 89.79 My father can’t get enough money Monroe, N.C., M artin Luther King, Willaya #4. However Krim , an old C le v e la n d 1.39 13.86 138.60 wide survey and receiving replies guerrilla fighter against the N e w Y o rk 1.50 15.00 150.00 from Welfare for all of us. He armed self-defense, non-violence, fro m m ore than 10,000 Negroes. C h icag o 1.65 16.50 1 65.00 wants to go back to Puerto Rico, etc., etc. French, has most of his support Los Angeles 2.39 17.47 141.16 “The results of this survey, among the Kabylie tribesmen Baltimore 2.50 16.67 110.00 Joe, and leave me with you.” It is understandable that whites, printed in the Oct. 10 issue of Kansas City 3.70 20.10 130.35 The least common denominator with their burden of guilt, are grouped in Willaya #3. T ra d i­ San Francisco 2.59 23.76 196.71 the Pittsburgh Courier, largest tionally backward with some re­ D a lla s 4 42 28.57 259.82 in both these stories is the fact hesitant about entering “family that in one of the poorest coun­ quarrels” but their lack of analysis Negro weekly, show that 87.8% maining vestiges of feudalism in Well-Wisher of the Negroes included in the their tribal relations, they appear tries in the world, as well as in is an abdication of responsibility poll answered Yes to the ques­ to be the most reluctant to accept Two Sets the richest in the world, homes are not only to the socialist movement broken up because of dire poverty b u t to the Negroes as w e ll. tion, ‘Do you believe that India the reform proposals advanced by Dallas, Texas and the degradation that ensues should contend for her rights and Ben Bella’s lieutenants. However, From the news media we learn R. W . her liberty now?’ Only 10.7% said in this struggle a recent report in who we are supposed to like and No, and 1.5% had no opinion . . . the bourgeois press states that who we are supposed to hate. But “This reaction by the Negro Willaya #3 has a hands-off policy it’s confusing. Our former enemies Thought for the Week people is all the more significant in the fight between Ben Bella’s are our friends and our former “The worldwide scope of military expenditures is truly horrify­ because, as the C o u rie r a rtic le Bureau and Willaya #4. friends are our enemies. ing. Early in 1961, the Associated Press reported that the world was points out, it was registered ‘des­ Hansen’s conclusion seems to So far we’re the only nation spending $14 million an hour on arms and armies ... There are 15 pite the fact that nothing more draw that Krim and Boudiaf, that has used the atom bomb and million men under arms, and considering that four men work just than ominous silence penetrated characterized as “Old Marxists,” we’re supposed to swoon with de­ to keep one soldier supplied, the energies of 75 million men are through the censorship from far off are of the same caliber as Ben light when some new weapon is devoted to the waste of war.” — David T. Bazelor in the October In d ia ’ ” — Oct. 17, 1942. Bella and Boumedienne. I doubt announced. Meanwhile there are issue o f Commentary. Page Six THE MILITANT Monday, October 15, 1962 Text of Historic Ruling in Scythes Case

[The following is the complete language and that of a part of the 1941) and all identified James P. text of the decision of the U.S. S m ith A ct, 18 U.S.C. Sec. 2385 Cannon as the head of the Social­ Court of Appeals for the Seventh (the federal criminal statute de­ ist Workers Party during the pe­ C irc u it, d e live re d Sept. 13, 1962, fining crimes for subversive activ­ Case o f Legless Veteran— riod of their membership. W it­ In the case of George Albert ities) are practically identical. The nesses Bartlett and Zygmont test­ Scythes v. Richard L. Webb, Of­ Smith Act covers known mem­ ified that in their opinion the So­ ficer in Charge, Immigration and bership in a “society, group, or cialist Workers Party, during the Naturalization Service, U.S. De­ assembly of persons” who “teach, First Big Breakthrough period of their membership, ad­ partment of Justice, Milwaukee, advocate, or encourage the over­ vocated the overthrow of the Gov­ W is.] throw or destruction” of the Unit­ James Kutcher is an active member of the Socialist Work­ ernment of the United States by ed States Government “by force ers Party. He belonged to the SWP in 1941 when he was drafted. force or violence. Witnesses Black Before KNOCH, CASTLE and or violence.” He belonged to it when, as an infantryman in Italy, he lost both and Bartlett identified the govern­ S W Y G E R T, Circuit Judges. While we recognize the distinc­ legs in combat. He belonged to it when he finally left the hospital ment’s documentary exhibits as S W Y G E R T, Circuit Judge. P e ti­ tion between a prosecution under on artificial legs. He belonged when he got a job as a clerk with representing the views of the So­ tioner, George Albert Scythes, the Smith Act and a deportation the Veterans Administration in his home town, Newark, N. J. cialist Workers Party. seeks review under the provisions proceeding un de r Section 1251 In 1948 the government began its “loyaIty”-purge witch Witnesses for petitioner, Boul­ of Section 106 of the Immigration (a)(6)(F), the distinction relates hunt. An avowed and active ton and Dobbs, also members of and Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. Sec. not to the subversive character of SWP member, Kutcher was one the Socialist Workers Party, test­ 1105a, of a deportation order of the organization in question, but of the first fired. In the eight ified that the “Declaration” rep­ the Board of Immigration Appeals. rather to the quantum of proof years, during which he fought resented the views of the party, The Board’s order followed an ap­ required to convict or to deport. through myriad courts this and Dobbs further testified that peal from a determination by a In a Smith Act prosecution the violation of his own and the when James P. Cannon was the Special Inquiry Officer of the proof must be beyond a reason­ SWP’s political rights, other head of the party his expression Immigration and Naturalization able doubt, whereas in a deporta­ persecutions of Kutcher were of views represented the views of Service that petitioner is an alien tion proceeding it is sufficient if undertaken by government of­ the p a rty. who had been a member of an the Attorney General’s finding is ficials. They tried to evict his The Supreme Court has stated organization, the Socialist Workers based on “reasonable, substantial, aged parents, with whom he that it is difficult to attribute a Party, which advocates the over­ and probative evidence.” Nonethe­ lived, from a housing protect party line to a political organiza­ throw of the Government of the less, we believe the determination for harboring a “subversive” tion . In Schneiderman v. U n ited United States by force and vio­ whether an organization is one son. They stopped his disability States, 320 U.S. 118 th e C o u rt lence or other unconstitutional which advocates or teaches the pension. said at 154: means.1 This review is governed violent overthrow of the United Kutcher’s fight finally ended “Political writings are often by Section 242(b) (4) of the Im­ States Government ought not be in complete victory. His dis­ over-exaggerated polemics bear­ migration and Nationality Act, 8 made by a test which is different ability pension was restored. ing the im print of the period and U.S.C. Sec. 1252(b)(4), which in a deportation proceeding from The Supreme Court of New place in which written .... E v e ry provides in part, “ [N ]o decision of that used in a Smith Act prose­ Jersey ruled the eviction at­ utterance of party leaders is not deportability shall be valid unless cutio n. tempt unconstitutional and taken as party gospel. And we it is based upon reasonable, sub­ With this in mind, we believe Congress finally dropped that would deny our experience as men stantial, and probative evidence.” that the test for deciding the ques­ vicious law known as the if we did not recognize that of­ Petitioner, a native and citizen tion presented in the instant case Gwinn Amendment. Then the ficial party programs are unfor­ of Canada, entered this country on must be substantially the same as U.S. Circuit Court in Wash­ tunately often opportunistic de­ a te m p o ra ry basis in 1933. H e re ­ that laid down in the two cases ington, D.C., ordered him re­ vices as m uch honored in the turned to Canada in 1940 to obtain that have been decided by the hired on his job with back pay. breach as in the observance.” an immigration visa. On June 1, Supreme Court under the mem­ Kutcher was called back to Evidence that there is no party 1940 he was admitted into the bership clause of the Smith Act, work at the Newark VA where line within the Socialist Workers United States for permanent re­ Scales v. United States, 367 U.S. he works to this day. He was Party is contained in the testi­ sidence. 203, and N oto v. United States, 367 an active member of the SWP. mony of the government’s own Petitioner became a member of U.S. 290. In Noto the Supreme H e still is. witnesses. Witness Black testified the Socialist Workers Party in Court said at 297: In defending his own rights, that the party possessed local 1939, joining the Newark, New “We held in Yates [Yates v. Kutcher made the first impor­ autonomy and freedom of action; Jersey branch of the party. In United States, 354 U.S. 298],3 and tant legal breakthrough for the that the party was a democratic 1947 he became a member of the we reiterate now, that the mere Socialist Workers Party in its institution whose goal was world Milwaukee, Wisconsin branch abstract teaching of Communist fight against the witch hunt socialism, but that there was no where he remained until he quit theory, including the teaching of and, indeed, helped protect uniformity of opinion on how the the p a rty in 1955. the moral propriety or even moral every American’s political free­ goal should be accomplished and Petitioner admitted during the necessity for a resort to force and dom. James Kutcher no punitive action taken against hearing that he was familiar with violence is not the same as prepar­ those who failed to follow the di­ and had read many of the publica­ ing a group for violent action and rections of those in authority. W it­ tions distributed by the Socialist steeling it to such action. There wise there is a danger that one in are ambiguous and abstract.4 We ness Bartlett testified that the Workers Party; that he had served must be some substantial direct or sympathy with the legitimate aims think that the characterization of Communist Party criticized the as treasurer of the Newark and circumstantial evidence of a call of such an organization, but not the Socialist Workers Party as an Socialist Workers Party on the Milwaukee branches; that he had to violence now or in the future specifically intending to accom­ organization advocating violent ground that it was not a revolu­ served on educational committees which is both sufficiently strong plish them by resort to violence, overthrow of the Government on tionary party. Witness Zygmont, of these branches; and that he had and sufficiently pervasive to lend might be punished for his ad­ the basis of such passages would who had also been a member of addressed meetings of the party color to the otherwise ambiguous herence to lawful and constitu­ be a characterization based on the Communist Party, testified to in Newark. Under Section 1251 theoretical material regarding tionally protected purposes, be­ what was not said rather than the effect that compared to the (a) (6) (F) the government must Communist Party teaching, and to cause of other and unprotected what was said.5 Communist Party the Socialist establish that the alien sought to justify the inference that such a purposes which he does not nec­ Petitioner contends that the Workers Party in the United be deported not only has been a call to violence may fairly be im­ essarily share.” other evidence, aside from the States was a small and undisci­ member of the organization in puted to the Party as a whole, and The government’s evidence be­ “Declaration,” including the do­ plined group. question, but that his membership not merely to some narrow seg­ fore the Special Inquiry Officer cumentary exhibits and testimony The fact that James P. Cannon w as “ m e a n in g fu l” as th a t w o rd ment of it. consisted of the testimony of three of the witnesses, does not justify was recognized to be the leader is used in R o w o ld t v. P erfe tto, “But it should also be said that witnesses and a number of docu­ his deportation because it does not of the party and that his views 355 U.S. 115. See also, G alva n v. this element of the membership mentary exhibits such as pam­ establish that there is such dis­ were recognized as the views of Press, 347 U.S. 522. We are con­ crime, like its others, must be phlets, tracts, and books circulated cipline within the party organiza­ the party by some members is vinced that petitioner’s activities ju dg ed strictissimi juris, for other­ by the Socialist Workers Party. tion that the views of certain par­ insufficient evidence that his while a member of the Socialist The documentary exhibit princi­ ty leaders and pamphlet writers views or such recognition by Workers Party clearly establish 3 This case, while a prosecution pally relied upon by the govern­ can be properly attributed to the some members constituted a party that his membership was suffi­ under the Smith Act, was not ment is the “Declaration of Prin­ organization itself. In other words, line. The testimony of the govern­ ciently “meaningful” to satisfy the brought under the “membership ciples and Constitution of the So­ petitioner contends the govern­ ment witnesses heretofore set out test la id do w n b y these cases. clause,” but charged defendants cialist Workers Party.” Govern­ ment has failed to provide the es­ indicates that the views of the The crucial question is the with conspiracy to advocate and ment counsel, during oral argu­ sential proof that there is a party party leaders, while possibly per­ correctness of the Board of Im­ teach the duty and necessity of ment, admitted, however, that he line within the Socialist Workers suasive, had no binding influence migration Appeals’ decision that overthrowing the Government of could point to no passage in the P a rty. on the members. the Socialist Workers Party is an the United States by force and “ Declaration” which advocated the A ll three government witnesses Accordingly, we find no sub­ organization that advocates the violence, and to organize, as the violent overthrow of the Govern­ had been members of the Socialist stantial evidence in the record overthrow of the Government of Communist Party of the United ment. Passages in the document, Workers Party (the period of their that the Socialist Workers Party the United States by force, vio­ States, a society of persons who so such as those recited in D unne v. membership was from approx­ advocates or teaches by its “Dec­ lence, or other unconstitutional advocate and teach. United States, 8 C ir., 138 F. 2d 137, im a te ly 1938 to a p p ro xim a te ly laration of Principles and Consti­ means. Section 1251(a)(6)(F) The Supreme Court said at 318, tution” the violent or forceful covers membership in an organ­ 324: 4 An example of the language tickets; for direct mass actions and overthrow of the Government of ization that “ advocates or teaches “We are thus faced with the contained in the “ Declaration” and avoidance of limitation to parlia­ United States within the meaning . . . the overthrow by force, vio­ question whether the Smith Act cited in D unne at 148 follows: mentary activities; . . . w h ile re ­ of the test laid down by Scales lence, or other unconstitutional prohibits advocacy and teaching “ ‘The belief that in such a lying primarily on mass actions, and Noto. Furthermore, there is no means of the Government of the of forcible overthrow as an ab­ country as the United States we propaganda and agitation as the substantial evidence showing that United States . . . .” We believe stract principle, divorced from any live in a free, democratic society means for furthering its revolu­ there is a party line within the it is significant to note that this effort to instigate action to that in which fundamental economic tionary aim, the Party w ill also organization which advocates or end, so long as such advocacy or change can be effected by persua­ participate in electoral campaigns, teaches such overthrow. 1 Section 241 of the Immigra­ teaching is engaged in with evil sion, by education, by legal and though at all times contending The order of deportation is re­ tion and Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. intent. We hold that it does not. purely parliamentary methods is against the fatal illusion that the versed. Sec.1251, provides in p a rt: “The distinction between ad­ an illusion . . . The fundamental masses can accomplish their eman­ K N O C H , Circuit Judge, concurs “ (a) Any alien in the United vocacy of abstract doctrine and instruments of the workers’ strug­ cipation through the ballot box....’ in the results. States . . . shall, upon the order advocacy directed at promoting gle for power cannot be the ex­ Italics added.” of the Attorney General, be de­ unlawful action is one that has isting institutions of the govern­ In Dunne, James P. Cannon, to­ 5 It may be noted, parenthetical­ ported who*** been consistently recognized in mental apparatus, since these rep­ gether with seventeen other lead­ ly, that the State of Wisconsin (6) is or at any time has been, the opinions of this Court . . .” *** resent basically the interests only ers or members of the Socialist specifically prohibits political par­ after entry, a member of any of “ . . . the Smith Act reaches only of the capitalistic minority ... Workers Party were convicted of ties which advocate the violent the following classes of aliens:*** advocacy of action for the over­ Whenever the revolutionists find conspiring to advocate the over­ overthrow of the government from (F) Aliens . . . who are mem­ throw of government by force and themselves in a Labor Party, they throw of the Government of the appearing on election ballots. 6.85 bers of . . . any organization that violence. The essential distinction w ill stand at each stage for those United States by force. This con­ (1) Wis. Stat. (1959). Yet, peti­ advocates or teaches (i) the over­ is that those to whom the advoca­ concrete policies and actions which viction was based on a violation tioner presented proof that candi­ throw by force, violence, or other cy is addressed must be urged to sum up a progressive and class of the Smith Act. The govern­ dates representing the Socialist unconstitutional means of the do something, now or in the fu­ perspective; for complete breaks ment concedes that this case is not Workers Party ran for high pub­ Government of the United States ture, rather than merely to believe with the capitalist parties and no res judicata to this deportation lic office in Wisconsin on several or of all forms of law; . . .” in something.” support of candidates on capitalist proceeding. occasions. M onday, October 15, 1962 THE MILITANT Page Seven The Promise of the Algerian Program Protests Bias

By Joseph Hansen in the framework of neo-colonial­ velopment of the country necessi­ ism .... tates “eliminating the grip of the In U.S. Army PARIS, Sept. 21 — The full text “The neo-colonialist platform monopolies and recasting economic of the “Program of Tripoli,” so (Continued from Page 1) which France offers as an invita­ relations with other countries, called because it was adopted in tion is in reality a means of above all France, eliminating the their presence has had in en­ that city at the June conference nourishing counter-revolutionary domestic obstacles to a radical couraging opposition to the racist of the National Revolutionary forces. transformation of the structures dictatorship that grips the state Council, the highest body of the “France, with its billions, w ill of rural life, industrializing in w ill be swiftly dissipated. The bit­ National Liberation Front (FLN), attempt to attract a whole layer order to meet the needs of the terness of the campaign which is not yet available in Paris. But of people moved by cupidity and people. To meet these ends, plan­ powerful White Citizens Councils extensive extracts and condensa­ are building against their op­ personal ambition who developed ning and the state’s taking charge tions have appeared in the press. a taste for ill-gotten profits in of the economy with the participa­ ponents was indicated by a writer These are sufficient to show that the colonial war. tion of the workers, are a vital in the Jackson Clarion-Ledger. if the program were put into ef­ “Taking advantage of our de­ necessity . . .” “The skalawags and moderates fect Algeria would have a work­ are going to crawl out of the walls faults and errors, France w ill at­ ers’ slate. Another section stipulates that now,” he wrote. “ Watch the peace- tempt to reverse the course of the “democratic popular revolu­ The program makes an excel­ lovers come to the fore, grab a the Revolution in order to organ­ tion means constructing the coun­ lent analysis of the Algerian social nigger-neck and start bellowing ize the counter-revolution.” try consciously in a framework of and political reality from the class brotherly love. For us . . . we’ll The program puts thorough­ socialist principles and power in point of view, indicating how the just go on being a bigot, a reac­ going a g ra ria n re fo rm as a ce n tra l the hands of the people . . . problems tie in with those of the task. Advancing the slogan “Land tionary, a rebel, and lick our rest of the colonial world. It con­ “The democratic spirit must not wounds till the next fight starts to those who till it,” it lists a remain purely theoretical specula­ siders the role of the FLN in the Mohammed Ben Bella series of measures: and plan to win somehow.” light of this reality. An outstand­ tion, it must be concretized in well An illustration of the methods “ (1) Immediate prohibition of ing feature here is its critical ap­ defined state institutions and in of these self-styled bigots was in its novelty and originality more dealings in land and the means of praisal. The following extracts all sectors of the social life of the given on Oct. 5, near the central by the popular masses than by agricultural production. c o u n try.” give an indication: the cadres and directing bodies.” Mississippi town of Carthage. “ (2) Limitation of property ac­ Night riders drove through the “The ideological poverty of the This section of the program “Neutralism” cording to cultivation and crop town firing shots into the homes FLN, the feudalistic mentality and ends by observing that the Provi­ return s. In foreign policy, the program of Negroes, wounding one man. petty-bourgeois spirit, which are sional Government became mixed “ (3) Expropriation of areas over calls for “neutralism”; for con­ Kennedy’s action in beginning its indirect products, can mean up with the leadership of the a certain set optimum. tinued struggle against colonialism to remove the troops is explained that the future Algerian state w ill FLN and that this contributed to and imperialism; for “support of as a means of bringing the Mis­ end in a mediocre and anti-pop­ weakening both the “notions of “ (4) Free grants of land to the movements toward unification sissippi situation back to “normal” ular bureaucracy, in practice if the state and of the party.” The landless peasants or those w ith in­ in the Maghreb, in the Arab world and of putting the responsibility not in principle. amalgamation of state and party sufficient land. and in Africa.” It states that “the for maintaining order in the hands “One of the essential causes “ (5) Democratic organization of institutions reduced the FLN to an reinforcement of ties with the of local authorities. In other which has hampered the develop­ administrative apparatus. “W ithin peasants in production co-opera­ countries of Asia, Africa and Latin words, the Mississippi situation is ment of the FLN on the ideological the country, this amalgamation tives. America, the development of trade to be allowed to relapse into its terrain, contributing to the ag­ had the effect of depriving the “ (6) Creation of state farms on in all fields with the socialist normal condition of racist bar­ gravation of all its weaknesses, FLN of its responsibilities to the part of the expropriated lands, countries, the establishment of re­ barism and lawless terrorization and which weighed heavily on the advantage of the ALN [National with participation of the workers lations with all countries on the of the Negro, 43 per cent of the general situation of Algeria dur­ Liberation Army] and, with the in management and in the profits. basis of equality and of mutual population. Is this the “firm stand” ing the war, lies in the lag be­ war aiding, of practically annihi­ “ (7) Prohibition of the sale or respect for national sovereignty expected b y those w h o see K e n ­ tween the leadership and the pop­ lating it.” and common action w ith the dem­ ular masses.” renting of distributed lands in nedy as a militant fighter for From this the conclusion is ocratic forces, especially in France, The program notes that “par­ order to avoid the reappearance civil rights? drawn: “The experience of these w ill place our country in position adoxical as it may seem, the rev­ of big property holdings. Governor Barnett and other “lo­ seven and a half years of war to meet its responsibilities on the olutionary sweep of the national “ (8) Cancellation of the debts cal authorities” have repeatedly proves that without an ideology of peasants on the kham es [sha re - international plane. It is in this declared their contempt for Negro struggle was perceived and felt way that it w ill be able to bring elaborated in contact with the na­ crop farms] and of payment in rights and their intention to re­ a positive contribution to the tional reality and the popular kind owed to landlords, usurers move Meredith from the univer­ struggle against the armaments masses, it is not possible to have and government services. sity. W ill Kennedy place the re­ a revolutionary party. The only “ (9) Material and financial aid race and the nuclear tests which sponsibility for the safety of this reason for a party’s existence is from the government.” are being carried out on even our heroic Negro student in the hands its ideology. It ceases to exist as Similar radical measures are soil, menacing our independence of these men? Are Mississippi’s soon as it lacks that.” proposed for the key sectors of in­ and our security. 915,000 Negroes and those whites LOS ANGELES French Policy dustry. These include the nation­ “It is in this way that our coun­ who oppose the racists to be Socialism and Humanism — a panel try w ill also be able to help li­ On the cease-fire agreement of alization of the means of trans­ abandoned to the vindictive fury discussion by Kenneth S. Brown o f the quidate the m ilitary pacts and the Humanist Society of America, and W il­ last March, the program has this port, of credit and of foreign of the White Citizens Councils? foreign bases.” liam F. Warde, Marxist philosopher and to say: “The Evian Agreement trade. This in turn implies the na­ Federal troops — integrated writer. Fri., Oct. 19, 8:15 p.m. 1702 E. constitutes a neo-colonialist plat­ tionalization of insurance com­ The program is long and de­ troops — should remain in force 4th St. Ausp. M ilitant Labor Forum. form which France is preparing to panies and of banks. tailed , since i t attem pts to assess in Mississippi. They should pro­ ♦ * * utilize for establishing and ar­ “The latter,” the program states, the revolution as a whole and to tect the Negroes who are attempt­ Fri. Oct. 26, 8:15 p.m., the M ilitant ranging its new form of domina­ “is a job to be done with the project its major aims in a series ing to register to vote in the face Labor Forum sponsors a panel discussion tio n .” least possible delay. The m ulti­ of fields. In this article, it is not of beatings, arrests, and shootings. against Proposition 24 at 1702 E. 4th St. plicity of banks has permitted possible to do more than indicate It is their duty to defend the • The policy of imperialist France is clearly noted in the following them to escape national control. the importance of the document voter-registration schools of the NEW YORK paragraphs: Their recent or projected conver­ and to suggest that it deserves the Student Nonviolent Coordinating CUBA TODAY — A discussion o f the “The French government counts sion into development companies support of the revolutionary- Committee and other civil rights U.S.-Cuban crisis and o f current de­ not only on the armed forces and must not be permitted to hide socialist movement as part of a groups in Mississippi. They should velopments in Cuba by Richard G an a, the European minority to contain their essential character — an in­ transitional program that can help not be removed until every Mis­ Socialist Workers candidate for gov­ the evolution of Algeria. It will strument of financial blackmail.” carry Algeria forward toward so­ sissippi Negro is guaranteed his ernor. Fri., O ct. 19, 8:30 p.m. 116 Uni­ The program holds that the de- cialism . full constitutional rights, versity Place. Contrib. 75c. Ausp. Mili­ exploit above all the political and tant Labor Forum. social contradictions of the FLN * * * and attempt to find in the heart Gala election party. Sat., Oct. 20. of this movement objective [if not 9 p.m. 116 University PI. Contrib. $1. subjective] allies susceptible of It Was Reported in the Press Ausp. Socialist Workers Campaign Com­ becoming detached from the Rev­ mittee. olution and of turning against it... * « * Just Scouts’ Honor — Boy scouts stitution Committee, held a picnic Revelation — George Romney, “It is the evident desire of the participating in the San Francisco in the city of Ventura on Labor Leroy McRae, Socialist Workers can­ French government that the Republican candidate for governor area polio inoculation drive didn’t Day but renamed it “Capitalist didate for attorney general, appears on ‘moderate’ tendency should get of Michigan, declared Sept. 11 that have to take a loyalty oath after Day” for the occasion. Those at­ Direct Line, Sun., Oct. 14 2 to 3 p.m. the upper hand over the genuine the A m e rica n re v o lu tio n o f 1776 WNBC-TV, Ch. 4. On Tuesday, Oct. 16 all. Participants in the program tending were asked to bring their revolutionary forces within the “was the only authentic revolu­ answers telephone questions on radio in Contra Costa County were told own picnic basket “in truly in­ FLN, thus opening the possibility tion because it was inspired by station WCBS, 880 on your dial, from they would have to take the oath dividualistic fashion.” None of of a French-FLN experience w ith- Judeo-Christian beliefs. Such un- 2:15 to 3: p.m. because the anti-polio drive was that socialistic potluck. authentic revolutions as the being conducted as a civil-defense French, Russian, Chinese, Hun­ Overwhelming — “Dr. James C. exercise. Civil Defense provides garian, Cuban and many others Crow of the University of Wis­ workmen’s compensation but also did not have this motivation.” requires a loyalty oath. When sev­ consin said that if all the persons A Rooshian?—Everett G. Buurk- eral participating doctors pro­ affected by radiation could be halter, Los Angeles city council­ tested, county officials decided to assembled in one place the public man and Democratic candidate for make the oath voluntary. How­ would be overwhelmed . . . Crow said hundreds of thousands of Congress, declares: “Any Ameri­ NEWARK. Newark Labor Forum, Box ever if anyone got hurt without BOSTON. Boston Labor Forum, 295 can who won’t take a loyalty oath Huntington Ave., Room 200. 361 Newark, New Jersey. taking the oath he wouldn’t be persons have been — or w ill be — injured by nuclear radiation. He is no American.” NEW YORK CITY. Militant Labor entitled to compensation. CHICAGO. Socialist Workers Party, Fcrrum , 118 U n iv e rs ity P lace. A L 5-7852. said th a t over 1,000 years — ‘i f 302 South Canal St. Room 210. W E 9-5044. Food for Thought — T he n u m ­ If no answer, call HU 6-7025. Fatalists — A dispatch from the human race lasts that long’ — OAKLAND-BERKELEY. Labor Book ber of farm workers in the U.S. Shop and Socialist Workers Party, 563 West Germany in the Oct. 3 New radiation w ill go on withering the declined by 41 per cent during the CLEVELAND. Eugene V. Debs Hall. 16th S t., O a k la n d 12, C a lif. T E 6-2077. Y o rk Tim es reported: “Pleas by human system, causing countless Room 23, 5927 Euclid Ave., Cleveland 3, If no answer call 261-5642. decade of 1950-60. It was the big­ O hio . civic organizations and govern­ forms of unseen deterioration . . gest ten-year drop in the nation’s PHILADELPHIA. Militant Labor Forum ment agencies that the individual From an Oct. 4 AP dispatch. DENVER. Militant Labor Forum, 1227 and Socialist Workers Party. 1303 W. history said Secretary of Labor California. Main 3-0993. For labor and so­ Girard Ave. Lectures and discussions German do more for his safety W illard Wirtz who attributed the cialist books International Book Ex­ every Saturday. 8 p.m., followed by in case of atomic attack have gen­ Q and A — The following was change. 1227V4 C a lifo rn ia . O p en 5:30 p .m . open house. Call PO 3-5820. decline mainly to the tremendous to 8 p.m. Mon. through Fri. erally received a lukewarm re­ culled from a syndicated weekly question-and-answer column: “Q. rise in machine productivity on SAN FRANCISCO. Militant Labor For­ sponse here. Large segments of the fa rm . DETROIT. Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 um. Temporarily c/o Oakland-Berkeley Is it true that Queen Elizabeth Woodward. TEmple 1-6135. (see above). the population who still remember and other members of the British LOS ANGELES. Socialist Workers Par­ that 600,000 Germans were killed Progress Report — “Southern ty, 1702 East Fourth St. AN 9-4953 or ST, LOUIS. Phone Main 1-2669. Ask for nobility own 50 per cent of their Steel Co., a big jail-equipment Dick Clarke. in World War II air raids have WE 5-9238. Open 12 noon to 5 p.m. daily nation’s wealth? A . No. What is and Saturday. adopted a fatalistic attitude.” maker, says 90 per cent of the SAN DIEGO. San Diego Labor Forum, true is that 2 1/2 per cent of the barred doors and windows it sells MILW.4 UKEE, 150 E. Juneau Ave. P.O. Box 1581, San Oiego 12. Calif. For labor and socialist books. Sign of the Non-Labor Day — We received British population owns 50 per are painted in soothing pastel MINNEAPOLIS. Socialist Workers Party Sun Books, 4705 College Ave. and Labor Book Store. 704 Hennepin the press release second hand, so cent of Great Britain’s wealth.” colors compared with all grey ten Ave., Hall 240. FEderal 2-7781. Open 1 SEATTLE, 1413 18th Ave., EA 5-0191. we’re a bit late in reporting that Maybe someone should send in a years ago.” — The Wall Street to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, Sat­ Library, bookstore. Open 12 noon to urday. 11 a.m.-5 p.m. 5 p .m . S a tu rd a ys. the Ventura County, Calif., Con­ similar question on the Kennedys. Jo u rn a l. Page Eight th e MILITANT Monday, October 15, 1962 Socialist Workers Campaign in Minnesota A Platform Johnson Scores Democrats For Peace, Jobs As Bulwark of Jim Crow MINNEAPOLIS, Oct. 2 — At a is because the concern of the MILLIONS DIED IN TWO atmosphere with dread radioac­ meeting in campaign headquar­ Democratic Party’s leadership is WORLD WARS. U.S. “police ac­ tive fallout that threatens the lives ters, 704 Hennepin, Joseph John­ with property and ‘law,’ not human tion” brought flaming death to of those living and of generations son, Socialist Workers Party can­ rights. The Democratic Party has masses of men, women and chil­ unborn. Atomic energy for peace, didate for Congress from the fifth tolerated for decades the segrega­ dren in the napalm bombing of not war. Take the profit out of district, spoke about the killings tion laws maintained in the South Korea. The U.S. Central Intel­ m ilitary preparations! Nationalize in Mississippi. The candidate de­ by their closest political col­ ligence Agency engineered an in­ the war industries, and place them clared “these were not the first leagues. Those who advocate sup­ vasion of Cuba. U.S. m ilitary bases under workers’ control! killings by racists in Mississippi port of the Democratic Party or and the cause of the killings is any of its candidates are giving are maintained all over the world FOR A REFERENDUM ON deeper than the failure of Ken­ aid and comfort to the political against the w ill and interests of WAR OR PEACE. No more com­ nedy to act sooner, the inflam­ machine that keeps the South in the people. Bomb testing has been mitments to so-called police ac­ matory speeches of Gov. Ross the bonds of the Jim-Crow system. resumed by the Kennedy admin­ tions and wars without consulta­ Barnett, or the actions of Gen. The Democratic Party cannot be istration. Bomb-happy military tion of the people. Take the war- Joseph Johnson Walker. It is the criminal system divorced from its Southern Wing.” brass and Washington politicians making power out of the hands of of Jim Crow, one-party rule, lack “To combat the pro-segregation have been threatening humanity Congress, the president and the taxes. Abolish all forms of hidden of voting rights, anti-unionism and policy — despite their fine prom­ with a Third World War. generals with push-button and taxes. No tax on income under big business control in the South ises — of both major parties, it telephone authority to commit the $7,500 a year! A 100 per cent tax THE CRY OVER THE “MEN­ that should be on trial for the is essential that organized labor U.S. to war. Let the people vote on all profits on war. ACE OF COMMUNISM” confuses killings in Mississippi.” and the Negro people build their on H-Bomb tests! Let the people the issug and attempts to make it FREE MEDICAL CARE AND “Kennedy was quick and force­ own party, a labor party capable vote on war! seem a military threat. But the SOCIAL SERVICES. Federal med­ ful,” said Johnson, “in acting of fighting for the political inter­ misery of the world and the threat UNITE THE U.S. WITH FREE­ ical care and hospitalization for against the dock strike today, but ests of the great majority of the of nuclear destruction facing DOM STRUGGLES sweeping the all. A government-guaranteed his slowness and lack of force people of this land,” Johnson humanity is a result of the world­ globe. For the right of self-de­ college education for all youth. brought death in Mississippi. This stated. wide crisis of the capitalist sys­ termination of the colonial peo­ Divert the billions, now being tem. The non-capitalist states with ples! Hands off Cuba! Withdraw wasted on instruments of death planned economies and no profit U.S. troops from other lands! Stop and destruction, to jobs that w ill motive pose a threat only to pro­ the undeclared war in Vietnam — supply the social needs of the fits. For example, tiny Cuba could get our boys home! Break from people. Shadow-Boxing Exhibition hardly be considered a military the war policy of the capitalist UNION CONTROL OF PRO­ threat to anyone. But Cuba stands parties. Support the planned econ­ D U C T IO N . Abolish the speed-up as an example and a beacon light omies of the Soviet sphere and the through union control of produc­ Put on by Fraser and Judd to other Latin Americans seeking struggle of the workers there for tion speeds by majority vote of a way out of their hunger, squalor political democracy against the the workers. MINNEAPOLIS — The 5th and illiteracy. ruling bureaucrats. Congressional race in Minnesota FOR FREEDOM is shaping up to be an interest­ MILLIONS ARE UNEM­ JOBS FOR ALL The working man can have lit­ ing one. With re-districting, the P L O Y E D in this richest country The act-alike Republican-Dem- tle democracy when he has no 5th District has been expanded in the world and automation ocrat parties are the bill collectors control of the means whereby he from a former silk-stocking sec­ threatens jobs all up and down of big business. They cannot solve lives; nor when he does not have tion so that now it includes all the line. Even conservative econ­ the problems of recession and un­ a single spokesman of his own in Minneapolis. omists point to an oncoming de­ employment, for they represent Congress. The Republican candidate, W al­ pression. Older citizens, after a the interests of the millionaires at RESTORE AND EXPAND ter Judd, who has held the seat lifetime of toil, are without ade­ the sacrifice of the needs of the for many years, is an ultra-con­ quate housing or medical care. DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS. End re ­ people. strictions on the right to organize, servative with China Lobby con­ TODAY 38 MILLION AMER­ FO R T H E 30-HOUR WEEK AT strike and picket. End government nections. He has voted against ICANS LIVE IN POVERTY and 40 HOURS PAY. This action w ill interference in internal union af­ such bills as school-construction another 39 million live in depriva­ immediately bring employment to fairs. Struggle within the unions aid and enlargement of the House tion. The bottom 40 per cent of millions. Jobless benefits and so­ for complete democracy and abol­ Rules Committee. the people are getting poorer. At cial security at union rates for ish the privileged status of the The Democrats have put up the opposite extreme, a small frac­ the entire period of unemploy­ union bureaucrats. Repeal the op­ Donald M. Fraser, a lawyer in tion lives in wealth and power. ment. Unemployment is not the pressive Kennedy-Landrum-Grif­ the firm of Lindquist, Fraser and Magnuson. This law firm has NEGROES IN THE SOUTH fault of the workers but of the fin, and other federal, state and Loevinger. Fraser is another poli­ produced such Democratic pol­ ARE SHOT, BEATEN AND capitalist system that cannot city anti-labor laws. Put an end tician in the mold of the fast- iticians as Secretary of Agricul­ J A IL E D for demanding their con­ provide jobs. Government opera­ to the Un-American Activities talking Sen. Humphrey. ture Orville Freeman and U.S. stitutional rights. The hard-won tion under workers’ control of all Committee. Repeal the laws re­ In contrast to the present two Deputy Attorney General Lee rights of labor to bargain, to production facilities made idle by stricting our liberties! capitalist candidates — one a for­ strike, to picket have become vir­ mergers, decentralization, run­ GUARANTEE MINORITY mer “Old China Hand” and now tually outlawed by anti-labor leg­ away shops and recessions. In­ R IG H T S . Both parties allow se­ a professional ultra-conservative, isla tio n . MUST WE LIVE WITH crease jobs by ending restrictions gregation and racist terror against and the other a lawyer — SWP THIS? THE SOCIALIST WORK­ on trade with China, Cuba and the the Negroes in the South. The Campaign Notes candidate Joseph Johnson is a ERS PARTY SAYS, “NO”! WE Soviet Union. American Indian is forced to leave hospital worker, union man and The decision of the Twin Cities socialist. STAND FOR THE FOLLOWING: the segregated squalor of the re­ branch of the Socialist Workers HUMAN NEEDS BEFORE Judd and Fraser have been servation for vicious segregation Party to participate in the Con­ FO R PEA C E PROFIT shadow boxing with each other. in the slums of the cities. gressional elections meant a lot TAX THE RICH, NOT THE They will not debate although STOP THE H-BOMB TESTS. Full economic, social and polit­ of hard work but also new op­ POOR. Repeal all payroll and sales time was offered them by radio No more pollution of the earth’s ical equality to all minority portunities for getting the social­ groups! Unity w ith mass actions and TV stations. Both are ap­ ist message before the working parently afraid of exposing their aimed at securing these rights. people of Minneapolis. positions to public view. Judd has FOR INDEPENDENT LABOR First came the petition drive to played a number of political tricks SWP Nominee Urges Break POLITICAL ACTION. B rea k a ll get Johnson on the ballot. On July to fool the people of Minneapolis ties with the capitalist political 13, 1,597 signatures w ere file d . A on his real stand. An example was machines. Organize an indepen­ war chest was begun with a col­ his getting New York’s “liberal” dent labor party, basing it on the le ction o f $195 fro m SW P m em ­ Republican Sen. Jacob K. Javits With Both Capitalist Parties unions, the Negro people and the bers and friends. (R-N.Y.) to a major rally here working farmers. Put a workers’ At his first public meeting July Sept. 20 to endorse him — an MINNEAPOLIS — Filing his m ilitant spirit that organized the and farmers’ government in office 21, the SW P candidate spoke on ultra-conservative. nominating petitions for the office unions in Minneapolis in the 1930’s as a step toward the reorganiza­ “Our Stake in the Canadian Labor Democrat Fraser, in private against the wishes of big business tion of America on a planned so­ Party’s Fight for Medical Care.” of Representative in Congress conversation with members of and formed the Farmer Labor cialist basis. Break with capitalist During August lectures by John­ peace groups, etc., has made many from the Fifth Congressional Dis­ Party should again take the road politics and VOTE FOR THE SO­ son and other SWPers dealt with liberal statements, but his public trict, Joseph Johnson said: “Or­ of independent labor political ac­ CIALIST WORKERS PARTY IN today’s socialist program. These pronouncements have rarely gone dinary workers must begin to tion.” Political action is now NOVEMBER. VOTE fo r JOSEPH meetings got publicity in the M in­ beyond name calling. fight in politics for their own needed by the workers to stop JO H N SO N for Representative in nesota D a ily , St. P aul Dispatch, program. We must begin to fight the threat of a major recession in Congress for the fifth district. Minneapolis T rib u n e and Minnea­ independently for the shorter the fall, the lowering of living polis Star. The Sept. 9 T rib u n e Election Rallies work week to end unemployment, standards by big business and the MEET THE CANDIDATE also carried a statement of the the repeal of the union-busting government’s preparations for a Joseph Johnson, age 31, attended SWP’s support for the Cuban for Kennedy-Landrum-Griffin law, third world war. This campaign the U. of Wis., 4 years, transfer­ people’s right of self determina­ free medical care for all, the stop­ for Representative in Congress ring to the U. of Minn, where he tion and choice of a socialist sys­ JOE JOHNSON ping of H-Bomb tests, and an end from the Fifth Congressional Dis­ was active in Students For In­ tem. Work in progress includes to all forms of inequality for the trict (now the city of Minnea­ tegration and the Fair Play for preparation of press releases, state­ SWP Candidate for Congress Negro people and all minorities.” polis) can be one of the important Cuba Committee. As member of ments for League of Women Vot­ Sat., Oct. 20, 8:30 p.m. Johnson represents the Socialist first steps in awakening workers Lo cal 1111, U n ite d S teelw orkers of ers, etc., getting radio and TV Sat., Nov. 3, 8:30 p.m. Workers Party and calls on labor to their need to struggle for their America, he served as Chairman time due the candidate and pre­ to break away from the act-alike political program. To this end the of the Political Action Committee paring scripts for such programs, 704 Hennepin Avenue Democratic-Republican parties campaign headquarters of the So­ and delegate to the Central Labor meet-the-candidate affairs, distri­ Contrib.: I new Militant Sub which represent the interests of cialist Workers Party at 704 Hen­ Union. He is now a member of bution of over 9,000 M ilita n ts , an or $1.00 nepin w ill be open from 1 p.m. to Building Service Employees Union Oct. 20 social and a final rally big business. Ausp. Camp. Comm, for Johnson Johnson said, “The independent 8 p.m., six days a week. Lo cal 113. N ov. 3.