ECONOMIC IN

Edited by

Alena V. Ledeneva Lecturer in Russian Politics and Society, School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London

and

Marina Kurkchiyan North Fellow in the Sociology ofLaw, Centre for Socio-Legal Studies, Oxford and fellow of Kehle College

KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL THE HAGUE / LONDON / BOSTON Contents

Preface vii

Notes on the Contributors ix

1 Introduction: Economic Crime in the New Russian Economy 1 Alena V. Ledeneva

2 Economic Crime in the Context of Transition to a Market Economy 17 Leonid Fituni f 3 The Russian Mafiya: Economic Penetration at Home and Abroad 31 Mark Galeotti

4 Organized Violence, Market Building, and State Formation in 43 Post-Communist Russia Vadim Volkov

5 Corruption and Violence in Russian Business in the Late 1990s 63 Vadim Radaev

6 The Transformation of the Second Economy into the Informal Economy 83 Marina Kurkchiyan

7 Pervasive Corruption 99 Federico Varese

8 Victims orAccomplices? Extortion and Bribery in Eastern 113 William L. Miller, Äse B. Gr0deland and Tatyana Y. Koshechkina

9 The Embeddedness of Tax Evasion in Russia 129 Eva Busse

10 'Everyday Crime' at the Workplace: Covert Earning Schemes in 145 Russia's New Commercial Sector Karen Birdsall

11 Russian Hackers and Virtual Crime 163 Alena V. Ledeneva vi Contents

112 Dirty Business, 'Normal Life', and the Dream of Law 177 Caroline Humphrey

13 Large-scale Corruption and Rent-seeking in the Russian Banking Sector 191 Heiko Pleines

14 Illegal Aspects of Trans-border Capital Flows from the Former 209 Leonid Fituni

15 Russia: Multiple Financial System and Implications for 223 Economic Crime Vladimir Chorniy

16 Money-Laundering Control and The Rule of Law in Russia 237 Frederique Dahan

1 17 The Hyperbola of Russian Crime and the Police Culture 257 Johan Bäckman

(18 The Development of Appropriate Responses to 275 in Post-Communist Societies William Tupman

Index 289