TH9800029 18 GSPQ

m fiş-îmYiımTUfif 10400

(Brassolaeliocattleya (Blc.) Aima Kee) lias menlim (Blc. Greenwich) îW?ÎJ"ltuî^ 0, 20, 60, 80, 110 lias 130 Iflïo (Gray) WUQ1 iJfîJnîuf^S 7SVm-3 80 (TU 110 naiEJİyw 2 mj^ ^ o, 70, ıoo ııas 130 ınıo Haibmgii 70 mïo ııluıJ?ıntu^miJisa'3JİT4fn5^ni4il'Hnaiö'W\4f 2 ı^uf^ia^ ui-aa!TuııJaE)V4i3i4â<ı3ıçnaııaspn£) 3/

Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Protocorm - like Bodies of Alliances

Kanchit Thammasiri Department of Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Rama VI Road, PhyaThai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.

ABSTRACT

Induced mutations by gamma irradiation can be one of the promising methods for orchid breeding. Protocorm - like bodies ( PLBs ) of Brassolaeliocattleya (Blc.) Alma kee and Blc. Greenwich were established from in vitro apical and axillary buds of young shoots in Vacin and Went (1949) liquid medium supplemented with 150 ml/1 coconut water. PLBs were irradiated with gamma rays at 0, 20, 60, 80, 110 and 130 Gray (Gy). Doses between 80 and 110 Gy were suitable to apply for induced mutations in both . Another experiment with more samples was conducted. Gamma rays were applied at 0 , 70 , 100 and 130 Gy. The results showed that irradiated PLBs of both cultivars had slow growth rate and some PLBs turned brown and died. A dose of 70 Gy was suitable for induced mutation. More severe effects were observed when higher doses had been applied. 19

Subtribe (Dressier, 1981)

(Brassolaeliocattleya (Blc.) Alma Kee) Ufl~vîfufirmra (Blc. Greenwich)

The Royal Horticultural Society tu itarmflffanr]» ma vi.fi. 2518 Uf)~

2511 pnjj^nıâij ımdnssıfluvrufKİıJgnîjn^nuTuliiiJîrm^Ivıy upintNPi^a^jlupmjJÜEJjJS'u^

•

7 fi snn 3 ^TIPIMU^I?I4T1U Figure 1

2 ( Royal Orchid Nurseries, 1947; Royal Horticultural Society, 1961; 1972; 1977)

( Rraii, 2536 ) i.i.p

( Protocorm-like bodies )

(Cymbidium) iiflspmeaunfoîjtjfoqfivmçj (Dendrobium) virjpmjj^ 2-2.5 I'OUSIUPIÎ Fie 20 - 40

î (Harn, 1968) UA~ 50 IDîfT (Vajrabhaya, 1977) ^i

'E(?ıtJL«0nıiRîi>rpıvıu00'fi'uvıîl?nnîJ^>3iJî^îjntu 10-15 WSUPÎIÎJPIÎ

nvtiiaQQUOTu 10% clorox mwu Tween-20 2-3 viü^'un'u 10 "unvi mu1u00n ainn

ın<îin^'EianLmTHQn^£j 1% clorox unu 1 unvi h^

1 unrl (FIÎÎ^PI, 2536) 20

Vacin and Went (1949)

1 m? (Kim et ai, 1970) ^wwmiwmJwnru 12 fl

jiu flask uinfl 50 îtafifiFi? Tva flask MiJUWQ^thvivwwhtipmmfQ 110 îeupieuivi Ivf

200 V^Pl - LV1ÇJT4P1RQP1 24 #3ÎJJ-3 qtUWQîJVÎfM 25 ± 3° C HİAEÎUfnvnîVjn 2

-3

0.4-0.5

0.02-0.03 nfjj u,«QântııiPİf)rnfiu

4/ 1/

O, 20, 60, 80, 110 \vcc 130 20

22.23 maouvi 26 mtrmu 2537

o, 70, 100 mt 130 \m& 50

f)ï 100 6.32 2537

nikrâ URÏ 10 ign 2 IÏ 4 12

(Tablei) wudn LiPİrn?

4w6 8 w 12

(20-60 inra) 80 w 110 mra 21

12 ıl?~wıru

15-40 % r 50 %

2.5 ivin

s 5 2

2 (Table 2) S^nyturnnîiıJ^£)'!iîia-3^

2 ^itanwdjffarirnîe^jîQFi^ 70-84%

^ 4-6

1^ ı sfawnjQfl?nnn?wtyıwiJÎflYn

(P > 0.01)

(P < 0.05)

somatic embryo

0.4-0.5 LIIUPÎWJPIÎ

(Hayward et ai, 1993)

t; Chimera (somaclonal variation) ^LuaLCiem

(Novak and

Brunner, 1992)

< 1 ;S'vin'l Mi>fi(?ınnînpnıı#ufi l(lîvipntiîiJuu'Li 22

1 mm tlîunîuwliîïviQ^ 80 nu 110

i V 2 70 mîmfluuî^nîuf

wufn\ıtıJîîwRQW 70 \nm fafli.injjjjTioni'Mmjwfyiwutw'UQ^iJftpiPiefsj^n^ u ^llfliJ 4-6

° w -au q

wvn- 23

Qfir ftrnqriwyiinflnapif. 40(279) : 29-31. f 2536. m?n?n£mufmrmi. w^wudownm

Dressier, R. L. 1981. The orchids. Harvard Univ. Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Harn, C. 1968. Propagation of Orchids and mutation breeding. Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull.

37: 1066-1068.

Hayward, M. D., N. O. Bosemark and I. Romagosa. 1993. Plant breeding : principle and

prospects. Chapman & Hall, London.

Kim, K. K., J. T. Kunisaki and Y. Sagawa. 1970. Shoot - tip culture of dendrobiums. Amer.

Orch. Soc. Bull. 39: 1077-1080.

Novak, F. J. and H. Brunner. 1992. Plant breeding : induced mutation technology for crop

improvement. IAEA Bull. 34 : 25 - 33.

Royal Orchid Nurseries. 1947. Sanders' Complete List of Orchid Hybrids. Gibbs & Bamforth

Ltd., St. Albans, Great Britain.

Royal Horticultural Society, The. 1961. Sander's List of Orchid Hybrids, Addendum, 1946-1960.

The Royal Horticultural Society, London.

Royal Horticultural Society, The. 1972. Sander's List of Orchid Hybrids, Addendum, 1961-1970.

The Royal Horticultural Society, London.

Royal Horticultural Society, The. 1977. Sander's List of Orchid Hybrids, Addendum, 1971-1975.

The Royal Horticultural Society, London.

Vacin, E. and F. Went. 1949 . Some pH changes in nutrient solution. Bot. Gaz. 110 : 605-613.

Vajrabhaya, T. 1977. Variations in clonal propagation, p177-201. In : J. Arditti (éd.).

Orchid biology reviews and perspectives, I. Cornell Univ. Press, New York. 24

Table 1. Survival rate of irradiated PLBs of 2 cultivars at different doses (experiment 1).

Treatment % Survival (wks. after irradiation) (Gy) 2 4 6 8 10 12 Blc. Alma Kee 0 95 90 85 70 70 70 20 95 95 60 60 60 60 60 70 65 45 45 45 45 80 80 60 50 45 40 40 110 85 70 40 40 25 15 130 90 70 45 40 10 5

Blc. Greenwich 0 100 90 80 80 80 80 20 70 60 60 60 60 60 60 95 80 55 40 40 40 80 80 60 55 50 50 50 110 90 55 55 50 50 50 130 90 60 35 20 20 20 25

Table 2. Survival rate of irradiated PLBs of 2 cultivars at different doses (experiment 2).

Treatment % Survival (wks. after irradiation) Cultivar (Gy) 2 4 6 8 10 12 Blc. Alma Kee 0 87 87 86 85' 85 85 70 74 51 44 43 41 41 100 80 49 31 29 24 24 130 79 30 19 15 14 14

BIc. Greenwich 0 84 82 78 78 78 78 70 70 68 58 56 54 54 100 76 58 48 44 42 42 130 74 50 38 36 34 34 26

Table 3. Average weight (gm) of irradiated BIc. Alma Kee PLBs at different doses after 1, 2 and 3 months.

Treatment Months after irradiation (Gy)

0 0.067 0.097 0.156 70 0.042 0.049 0.056 100 0.042 0.048 0.063 130 0.040 0.048 0.049

C.V. (%) 40.24 54.57 42.77 ** ** **

LSD.05 0.0175 0.0300 0.0315 LSD.01 0.0234 0.0403 0.0422 27

Table 4. Average weight (gm) of irradiated BIc. Greenwich PLBs at different doses after 1, 2 and 3 months.

Treatment Months after irradiation (Gy)

0 0.060 0.114 0.208 70 0.048 0.052 0.058 100 0.052 0.064 0.066 130 0.036 0.044 0.048

C.V. (%) 55.14 81.02 151.74 NS NS NS LSD.05 0.0362 0.0744 0.1545 LSD.01 0.0499 0.1025 0.2129 Se Cappei C. warscewiczii

-Lc Scylla Cappe 1889 t L. cinnabarina to 00 —Lc Appam C.1909 "- C. Lord Rothschild C dowiàna

C.1916 S.1893 •i C. gaskelliana

~Lc. Alma 'C. dowiana var aurea

M.1931 —Lc G.S. Ball T~C. schroderae C. dowiana

Helius Veitch 1900 *—L. cinnabarina "C hardyana ~

M.1912 _G mossiae ' Lc. Haroldiana Nat. Hyb. ^~ C. warscewiczii

T—LC Orion C. 1901 —L. tenebrosa

Blc Alma Kee rLc Golden West C. 1909 . dowianadowii — C. dowiana ~~C dowiana Miyamoto 1975 Los Angeles A.&R. 1936 TriumphansC .rex — Lc Luminosa — A.&R .1949 Maronl904 ,- Ie.Mrs.Medo L.1922 C.1901 tenebrosa

Le S.J. Bracey Lc Thebes 'B. digbyana _ C Venus dowiana C. bicolor

A. & R. 1940 r-Bc Digbyano-Warneri _ C.1908 Iris —

. Cheah Bean- Kee i— Be Hannibal — Chamberlain 1902 LC. Warneri C.1901 ^— C. dowiana

Ng.&Tan 1964 H.1920 L~C. Fabia [— C. dowiana

(Kirch) rBc Hartland- Veitcpitchh 1891894 I— C. labiata

L.1933 ~ C Leda C. dowiana

Maron 190n0n 1— C. percivaliana

'Blc Norman's Bay Le. Callistoglossa C. warscewiczii

L.1946 Lc Lustre — Veitch 1882 L. purpurata

^_Lc Sargon — H.1907 — C. lueddemanniana

-Lc Ishtar H.1915 — C hardyana ı— C. dowianna

H.1925 Nat. Hyb. I— C. warscewiczii

JO. Fabia C dowiana

Veitch 1894 C. labiata Figure 1. Pedigree of Brassolaeliocattleya Alma Kee. Growth rate of irradiated Blc. Alma Kee protocorm-like bodies

Average weight (gm)

1 month 2 months 3 months ** ** Months Figure 3. Average weight (gm) of irradiated Blc. Alma Kee PLBs at different doses over time.

to Growth rate of irradiated Blc. Greenwich protocorm-like bodies

Average weight (gm)

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0 1 month 2 months 3 months NS NS NS Months Figure 4. Average weight (gm) of irradiated Blc. Greenwich PLBs at different doses over time.