CREATING ACCESSIBILITY TO FINE ART

3RD EDITION EDGAR DEGAS Tête, petite étude pour le portrait de Madame S., Circa 1892 Bronze

CONTENTS

An Eye For Quality 1 The Global Market 2 The Big Picture 3 The Buying Process 3 RA 5 RA 7 David Tindle RA 9 Sir Eduardo Luigi Paolozzi RA 12 AN EYE FOR QUALITY Adrian Heath 15

John Hoyland RA 17 Until recently, the perception has been We provide a transparent and time efficient Frequently Asked Questions 20 that fine art assets were reserved for way to buy and sell a range of artwork. high net worth individuals. At Frederick By using Frederick Charles, you will have Auction Results 21 Charles Art, our foremost goal is to create access to our team of consultants, who accessibility of fine art to smaller retail will update you on the market changes, buyers, collectors and even the fledging give opinions on trends and valuations art buyer. based on the current market.

Frederick Charles Art is a forward-thinking We attend the world leading auctions, company with a passion for the fine art this provides us with a wealth of market market. We specialize in Modern British data to analyse both past auction results Art, with a particular emphasis on the Post- and current market trends. In addition War period. In todays rapidly changing we can offer our professional opinion economic environment, it can be difficult on condition and value of artworks. to identify opportunities. Allow Frederick Furthermore, you will be able to utilize HENRY CLIFFE Charles’ dedicated team to help you build our distribution arrangements and storage Standing Woman, Mid 20thC a diverse collection of the finest art to recommendation for piece of mind. Bronze provide a varied portfolio.

1 THE BIG PICTURE

The growth of the internet and use of online GLOBAL UHNWI GROWTH PREDICTIONS auctions has changed the infrastructure of the market and its accessibility to both buyers and sellers, increasing transparency and dramatically altering the way business 2026 is conducted. 275,740 +43% One indication of the growth of the art market simply comes down to the increasing number of art fairs. 10 years ago there were 10 art fairs globally, today there are more than 60 art fairs catering from the self-titled ‘affordable’ art fairs to 2016 Frieze Masterpiece, which from its name, 193,490 one can rightly judge is aimed at a more +42% sophisticated client base. International art fairs act as a crucial platform for galleries and artists to make their presence 2006 known, sell their works and forge links 136,200 Source: New World Report 2017 Report New World Source: LYNN CHADWICK RA with major players in the industry. For Girl III, 1971 the average collector, they simply offer North America 5810 73100 95860 convenience, which is useful in a market Bronze Europe 42610 49650 55700 that’s now globalized and where people are increasingly rushed and want to see a Russia & CIS 2380 3230 5170

maximum number of works in a minimum Asia 20820 46080 88180 amount of time. Middle East 4970 7370 10270

DEFINITION: Ultra high net worth individuals (UHNWI) are Latin America & Carribean 5330 7570 10350 people with investable assets of at least $30 million, excluding personal assets and property such as a primary residence, Africa 2010 2270 3030 collectibles and consumer durables. UHNWIs comprise the richest people in the world and control a disproportionate Australasia 2270 4220 7180 amount of global wealth.

THE GLOBAL MARKET THE BUYING PROCESS

Art collecting can be traced back to early the value of the art market worldwide. The A personal consultation to establish your requirements. civilization. Most museums, art galleries sheer size of the market has attracted both and grand houses illustrate the display of managed funds and financial institutions. • You will receive two copies of an art invoice. prestige, wealth and status, as much as As a result institutions and private art • Terms and conditions for your approval of the purchase. love for the art itself. buyers have increased their focus on art • Anti money laundering requirements for a first time purchase; as an asset class. a copy of photo identification and utility bill. Globally, an increase in wealth and • Payment of the artwork can be arranged using debit/credit card, prosperity has seen higher demand for “The rapid internationalization of the art bank transfer or cheque. ownership of original works. The art market over the last 5 years was causing markets expansion has been driven by a collision of buyers from china, the • A receipt of purchase will be provided by post or email. growth and wider global distribution of Americas, Europe and the middle east in • The art will be delivered to your home address or a specialist art storage facility. high net worth individuals. Consequently, competition for the same works.” Source: there has been a tremendous growth in Financial Times 2 3 ALAN DAVIE RA 1920-2014

Scottish born Davie is arguably one His works are a complex yet joyous of the most internationally acclaimed celebration of creativity that combine artists of the 20th century. the expressive freedom of abstraction with a wealth of mythic imagery, Not only a painter, Davie wrote poetry, enigmatic symbols and words. and was also known as a musician, and played the tenor saxophone in After the Second World War, Davie the highly regarded Tommy Sampson travelled to Venice and became Orchestra. influenced by artists, Paul Klee, Jackson Pollock and Joan Miró. He was the first British painter to realise the vitality and significance Inspired by Zen Buddhism and once of American Abstract Expressionism. declaring that the spiritual path is Throughout his life Davie obsessively incompatible with planning ahead, drew and painted, producing Davie tried to paint as spontaneously paintings of startling originality, vitality as possible. His aim was to display and daring. He began studying at elements of his unconscious mind on College of Art in the late paper, an idea shared with surrealist 1930s, where his works began by painter, Joan Miró. combining imagery derived from different world cultures with a love of Having seen the Jackson Pollock music and language. paintings from Peggy Guggenheim’s

London has been dominating the Post-War and Contemporary auction market in collection in Venice in 1948, Davie was inspired to begin painting on a much Europe for a decade. larger scale and in an improvisatory Source: Art Market Report TEFAF way. Like Pollock, many of Davies works have been executed by standing above the painting, which is laid on the ground.

Davie would typically have several paintings on the go at any one time, A globally renowned artist, he has had but despite this speed he was sure nearly 50 solo exhibitions worldwide, of the fact that his paintings are and his work is held in numerous not abstract, but all have significant collections worldwide, amongst them, symbols. The concentration of colour Gallery, Peggy Guggenheim ALAN DAVIE RA and the possibility of recognizing Collection, Metropolitan Museum of Second Magic Landscape, 1996 shapes, suggests movement and Art, The Hepworth Wakefield, MoMA, Gouache on paper primitive, magical rituals. Brauer Museum.

4 5 WILLIAM GEAR RA Untitled, 1949 Oil on canvas

WILLIAM GEAR RA 1915-1997

The painter that Britain forgot. One of the met fellow artists, , Alan leading abstract painters of his generation, Davie and many of the leading post-war Gear produced some of the most radical generation of Parisian artists. and controversial compositions of the 1950s. Born in , he began his art From 1958-1964, Gear was Towner Art education at the Gallery’s curator and in 2015, the Gallery in 1932, working alongside artists such as held a centenary retrospective ‘William Wilhelmina Barns-Graham and . Gear, The painter that Britain forgot’ - Ex- hibiting Gear’s prolific output, including pen It wasn’t long until Gear had his first and ink drawings, experiments with colour exhibition with both the Royal Scottish and monochrome, and block abstractions Academy and the Society of Scottish - This firmly cemented Gear’s place as one Artists. From this, he was awarded a of Britain’s leading Abstract Expressionists. travelling scholarship. This took him to Paris where he studied with Fernand Léger. Gear was elected FRSA in 1971, and awarded the Lorne Fellowship in 1975. He Having served as an officer in the Royal became a Senior RA in 1995. Corps of Signals, throughout the Second WILLIAM GEAR RA World War, Gear settled in Paris, in 1947, His works are held in many important Figure Composition, where he joined the CoBrA group, Europe’s public and private collections, globally, Sculpture Project, 1953 most important avant-garde movement including, Tate Gallery, , and Oil on canvas of the twentieth century. It was here he National Galleries Scotland.

6 7 DAVID TINDLE RA b1932

A traditionalist, Tindle’s works are classed Tindle shared his knowledge of art, by as timeless. Although classical in style, and teaching throughout his career as an artist, somewhat traditional in content, on closer at various schools including the Hornsey inspection, his work is full of unexpected College of Art and Byam Shaw School symbolism. Often, the focus, is a window, of Art from 1959 to 1974. In 1972 he a door, a table or a chair, each one a was appointed visiting tutor at the Royal metaphor. Born in Huddersfield, Tindle College of Art, where he remained until studied at the Coventry School of Art 1983. He was elected Royal Academician from 1945 to 1947, and is one of the finest in 1979 (ARA 1973) and was made a Fellow figurative painters of his generation. He of the Royal College of Art in 1981. He went is an uncommonly exquisite painter of on to be made Ruskin Master of Drawing people, still lifes, and landscapes. at Oxford University from 1985 to 1987. It is clear to see that Tindle is a respected Tindle had his first exhibition in 1954 and celebrated artist and teacher. at the Piccadilly Gallery, London. Tindle who now lives and works in Italy, found His many exhibitions include the John stardom in the early 1950s at the Moores ‘Liverpool Exhibition’, ‘British Huddersfield Art Gallery, where critics Painting 74’ Hayward Gallery, London, likened his skills to that of , and ‘25 Years of British Painting’, Royal Francis Bacon, and Keith Academy of Art. More recently his work Vaughan, of whom Tindle had spent time has been displayed at Tate Gallery, with. London, National Portrait Gallery, London, and Coventry City Art Gallery. His work is Tindle’s paintings have an extraordinary regularly exhibited at the Royal Academy presence. There is a sacramental feel Summer Shows’ in London. about how he arranges the objects in which he paints. His compositions have a meditative stillness to them, with each one containing a sense of mystery and wonder.

In 2016 a Jean-Michel Basquiat, sold at Christies for a record breaking $57.3 million dollars - The seller was a New York collector who had bought it just 12 years earlier for $4.5 million

Source: artnet

DAVID TINDLE RA Interior I, Circa 1980’s Acrylic on canvas

8 9 DAVID TINDLE RA Landscape, 1958 Acrylic on canvas

DAVID TINDLE RA Interior II, Circa 1980’s Acrylic on canvas

10 11 SIR EDUARDO LUIGI PAOLOZZI RA 1924-2005

Eduardo Paolozzi was one of the most It was in Paris that Paolozzi also produced inventive and prolific British artists who rudimentary collages from advertisements came to international prominence in American glossy magazines, the soon after the Second World War. Born lurid covers of cheap novelettes, and in Scotland, he studied at Edinburgh illustrations from scientific books. Inspired College of Art, and the Slade School of by Dada photomontage, they were made Art, 1944-1947. chiefly for his own amusement, and only shown to friends some years later. Today Chiefly a sculptor, Eduardo Paolozzi was they are regarded as important early also a unique printmaker; His collage examples of pop art. based silk-screened images are among the finest examples of pop art – a style he He established his studio in Chelsea, and was instrumental in shaping. A much later, jointly launched Hammer Prints Limited, iconic example of Paolozzi’s work is his a design company producing wallpapers, mosaic designs for Tottenham Court Road textiles and ceramics, and in 1952 was Underground Station, produced in 1982. a founder of the ‘Independent Group’, widely regarded as the forerunner of both The outstanding quality of Paolozzi’s work the UK and US Pop Art Movements. as a student was immediately recognised, and in 1947 he was given a one-man He always described his own work as exhibition at the Mayor Gallery, London. Surrealist Art. His sculpture works are very cubist in style. By then Paolozzi had moved to Paris, armed with letters of introduction to — EDUARDO LUIGI PAOLOZZI RA established artists, Brancusi, Braque, and Newton After , 1997 Giacometti. Plaster relief ˜ EDUARDO LUIGI PAOLOZZI RA Untitled, Circa 1990’s Plaster relief

London, in March 2017, ten world auction records were set in the Post-War and Contemporary Art Evening Auction, as the combined total for 20th Century at Christie’s passed the £250 million mark.

Source: Christies

His large bronze sculptures are Paolozzi taught sculpture and ceramics architectural and large-scale figurative at several institutions, in Germany, with works are reminiscent of mechanical which he had a long, creative association, robots. To counter that his prolific plaster the United States, and at the Royal College works are much softer in appearance, of Art, London. often cast involving the use of found objects, and machine parts. Paolozzi often His work is held in important public and regarded the plaster as the final work and private collections, world wide, and The most of these plasters were never intended , London, presented for editioning, or further casting. a major retrospective of his work in 2017.

12 13 ADRIAN HEATH Sales in the world art market reached 1920-1992 at least $45 billion dollars in the past year. Heath was a leading figure in the British He studied at the Slade School of Art until Source: Art Market Report TEFAF Constructivism Movement of the 1950s. 1947, only taking a break to enroll into the Born in Burma, Heath went on to school RAF as a tail gunner during the Second in , , and later found his World War. He spent almost its entirety as a interest in art when he worked underneath POW and it was here he befriended fellow renowned artist and founding member of POW Sir , whom he taught to the influential Newlyn school of painters, paint and who also went on to become a in 1938. highly acclaimed abstract artist.

ADRIAN HEATH ADRIAN HEATH Untitled, Circa 1980’s Untitled, 1967 Oil on canvas Mixed media on paper

14 15 After the war, Heath visited St Ives where Considered both a Collagist, and a he met , and it’s during Constructivist, Heath remained European this period that he also worked alongside in his outlook, and one can see influences fellow artists and Anthony of Nicolas De Stael and Serge Poliakoff in Hill, and so became the common link his early paintings. Towards the end of between the St Ives School and an the 50’s his style shifted from abstraction emerging Constructivism Movement. to semi-abstraction, and he began referencing more organic forms. From Heath often used his own London studio the 60’s we can see a more distinct use in Fitzrovia to organise groundbreaking of figurative work, and a more fluid style. exhibitions with his fellow artists, and There remained a poetic geometry to his helped organise the first post-war show work for the remainder of his career. of Abstract Art at the AIA Gallery in 1951. His passion led to the publication of an Heath’s work is held in important public essay, Abstract Art: Its origin and meaning, and private collections, and his work has in 1953. been exhibited globally, including, Tate Gallery, London, Brooklyn Museum, New A man with a social conscience, he was York, Goteborgs Kontsmuseum, Sweden, also a generous and gifted teacher and National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne. taught throughout his career, his longest post, at Bath Academy of Art, 1955 - 1976. During this period he was also artist in residence at the , in 1969.

JOHN HOYLAND RA Untitled, Circa 1970’s Acrylic on cotton duck

I took advice from none but the best. I listened, how I listened! RA That’s how I finally became my own expert. JOHN HOYLAND 1934-2011 Peggy Guggenheim

Hoyland is one of Britain’s leading abstract Born in Sheffield, Yorkshire, he went to painters, a giant in his field. A modern Sheffield College of Art then the Royal British master, and as a colourist working Academy Schools in London from 1956- in abstraction, Hoyland is unmatched. 1960. “Paintings are to be experienced, His colour palettes are both daring and they are events”, said Hoyland. alluring.

16 17 TITLE OF PIECE, 2015 JOHN HOYLAND RA 152x152 cm He famously disliked the ‘abstract’ painter Hoyland became an influential teacher, Acrylic on canvas label. In Andrew Lambirth’s biography, he is and schools included Chelsea School quoted saying that it is “just too abstract a of Art, St Martin’s, the Royal Academy JOHN HOYLAND RA word. It smacks always of geometry to me, Schools and the Slade. Amongst many Untitled, Circa 1970’s of rational thought. There’s no geometry, distinctions were, John Moores Painting Acrylic on cotton duck there’s no rectangles in nature, no real Prize in 1982, and the Royal Academy’s straight lines. There’s only the circle” For Wollaston Award in 1988. Hoyland, it was all about emotion. Hoyland’s works are held in many public Hoyland travelled to America where he and private collections throughout the met with artists, Rothko, Newman and world, including the Tate Gallery, and his Motherwell, with whom he became great work has been exhibited widely, at home friends. Their individual styles can often be and abroad. seen in his work. In the 1960s, Hoyland’s work was characterised by high-key Damien Hirst has one of the biggest colour and simple shapes. He held his private collections of his work, and in first one-man show at the Marlborough 2015, he chose Hoyland as the artist for New London Gallery in 1964 - His first the inaugural show at his Newport Street solo museum show at the Whitechapel Gallery. Art Gallery in 1967 was curated by , who is known as ‘the greatest Hoyland was elected to the Royal Academy Director the Tate Gallery never had’. in 1991 and was appointed Professor of Painting at the Royal Academy Schools in In the 1970s his paintings became more 1991. The National Portrait Gallery holds textured, inspired by Hans Hofmann, he portraits of the artist in its collection. used vibrant blocks of colour, poured, splattered, brushed and applied with a palette knife.

New York, in May 2017, a Jean-Michel Basquiat painting became the first piece of art created after 1980 to be auctioned off at over $100 million.

Source: Fortune.com

18 19 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

If I decide to collect art with a view to insure artwork for collectors. Any of our make money, how long will I need to hold clients are welcome to make their own it for? arrangements for storage at a facility of To get the best results from this market, their choice. It is important to note that our consultants here at Frederick Charles some storage companies will charge would recommend a hold of at least 3-5 separately for insurance, so always make years to help achieve the best results, as certain that any artworks stored are prices of art can go up or down. Long- insured for piece of mind. We also have term holds avoid the disappointment of storage facilities that we would be happy short-term fluctuations in the market. to recommend, our dedicated team are also able to make the arrangements on Are there any tax advantages of buying art? your behalf. For more information on Although there can be tax benefits when storage and insurance, please feel free to buying artworks, Frederick Charles Art contact a member of staff. would always recommend getting advice from a tax specialist, as it can depend on Is there a way I can independently verify an individuals activity in the markets. the quality of the artwork I am buying? Yes, our artworks are by established artists Can I have the artwork sent to my home? and in most cases you will be able to cross- Yes, by all means a client is entitled to take reference on national websites. A good possession of their artwork(s). A great deal starting point for viewing artists works, of pleasure can be obtained from being is on the BBC website ‘Your paintings’. able to display the piece in ones home Here you’ll see the national collection and and give pride of ownership. However, it is examples of works by the artists that we important to note, when taking possession work with. http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/ of art it is crucial that the piece is insured. yourpaintings AUCTION RESULTS It may be that the standard household insurance is not sufficient to cover the How do I know that I am getting an piece depending on its value. authentic work of art? Sotheby’s Made in Britain 2017: Sotheby’s Made in Britain 2017 At Frederick Charles Art, we pride ourselves WILLIAM GEAR RA RBSA (1915 -1997) DAME RA (1930-1993) If I do not want the art at home, what is on our reputation and transparency, so we STRUCTURE WITH YELLOW EAGLE the alternative? guarantee the authenticity of all the art Signed, titled, dated July ‘71 and Signed and dated ‘66 inscribed on the reverse Charcoal on paper, 75 by 55cm There are plenty of specialist storage that we sell. Oil on canvas, 121 by 81cm Estimate 1,500 - 2,500 GBP facilities across the UK that handle and Estimate 5,000 - 7,000GBP LOT SOLD. 8,125 GBP LOT SOLD. 16,250 GBP (Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium) (Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium) Sotheby’s Made in Britain 2017 Sotheby’s Made in Britain 2017: SIR EDUARDO PAOLOZZI RA JOHN HOYLAND RA (1934-2011) DESIGN FOR LONDON UNDERGROUND UNTITLED: PINK AND GREEN MOSAICS Signed and dated ‘72 Dated 1982 May and inscribed Acrylic on paper, 76 by 55.5cm Watercolour and gouache over a printed base Estimate 3,000 - 5,000GBP 42 by 29.5cm LOT SOLD. 11,250 GBP Estimate 1,000 - 2,000 GBP (Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium) LOT SOLD. 11,250 GBP (Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium) Sotheby’s BOWIE/COLLECTOR – PART I: MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART, Sotheby’s Made in Britain 2017 EVENING AUCTION 2016 SIR CEDRIC MORRIS (1889-1982) ALAN DAVIE RA (1920 – 2014) IRISES, ANEMONES, CARNATIONS, PETER’S JOY-PIT AQUILEGIA AND WILD ORCHIDS Signed and dated 16 JAN ‘61 on the reverse; Signed and dated ‘66 titled on the stretcher bar Oil on canvas, 76 by 55.5cm Oil on canvas, 101.5 by 122cm Estimate 10,000 - 15,000 GBP Estimate 20,000 - 30,000 GBP LOT SOLD. 58,750 GBP LOT SOLD. 112,500 GBP (Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium) (Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium) 20 21 FREDERICK CHARLES ART Crosspoint House 28 Stafford Road Wallington, SM6 9AA

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DAME ELIZABETH FRINK RA Man With Goggles, 1968 Bronze