Historic Environment Appraisal Land North of Meigan Wells, Blaenffos, Boncath – a J Recycling Wind Turbine

HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT APPRAISAL

LAND NORTH OF MEIGAN WELLS BLAENFFOS BONCATH PEMBROKESHIRE

A J RECYCLING WIND TURBINE

FEBRUARY 2013

Planning G Heritage Specialist & Independent Advisors to the Property Industry

Planning Authority: PEMBROKESHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL

Site centred at: SN 1689 38808

Author: HANNAH SMALLEY BSC MIFA

Approved by: GREG PUGH BA MIFA

Report Status: FINAL

Issue Date: FEBRUARY 2013

CgMs Ref: HS/14586

No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent.

Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however, CgMs Limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report.

© Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Historic Environment Appraisal Land north of Meigan Wells, Blaenffos, Boncath – A J Recycling Wind Turbine

CONTENTS

Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction and Scope of Study 2.0 Archaeological/Historical Background and Assessment of Significance 3.0 Site Conditions, the Proposed Development and Impact on Heritage Assets 4.0 Summary and Conclusions Sources Consulted

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Fig. 1 Site location Fig. 2 1810 Ordnance Survey First Series Drawing Fig. 3 1888 Ordnance Survey map Fig. 4 2012 Ordnance Survey map

LIST OF PLATES

Plate 1 Looking northwards towards the tree line from the proposed turbine site Plate 2 Looking southwards from the proposed turbine site Plate 3 Looking south along the access track towards Meigan Wells Recycling Centre

APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Historic Environment Record search results and designated heritage assets Appendix 2: Infinergy A J Recycling Wind Turbine Technical Report Section 6.4 – Historic Environment Appendix 3: CADW correspondence

Executive Summary

This rapid historic environment appraisal has been researched and prepared on behalf of Infinergy and assesses the historic environment potential of the study site in order to inform the need for further assessment or investigation as part of the planning process.

This historic environment appraisal has established that no designated or undesignated heritage assets are present within or in close proximity to the area of proposed development. The impact upon the setting of designated heritage assets within 2km of the study site and within the zone of theoretical visibility situated further afield is identified to be negligible.

Based on readily available evidence, this appraisal has identified a moderate potential for late prehistoric activity. Such activity may be limited to that of former agricultural practices. A low potential for archaeological deposits of all other periods is identified. Further archaeological work may be requested by the local planning authority’s archaeological advisor in order to mitigate the impact of the proposed development upon as yet unknown archaeological deposits, such work may comprise an archaeological watching brief which would be secured by a condition of planning consent.

1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY

1.1 This historic environment appraisal has been researched and prepared by Hannah Smalley of CgMs Consulting on behalf of Infinergy.

1.2 The appraisal considers land north of Meigan Wells, Blaenffos, Boncath, Pembrokeshire (hereafter referred to as the study site) which is presently being considered for the construction of a single wind turbine. The proposed turbine is located at NGR 216891, 238808 (Fig. 1).

1.3 Following submission of the planning application for the turbine (12/0538/PA), the Planning Archaeologist for Pembrokeshire County Council recommended the submission of a rapid historic environment appraisal prior to the determination of the application. This is not a full desk-based assessment of the potential historic environment resource, as defined by the Standards and Guidance of the IfA, but a rapid piece of work involving readily available information to assess historic environment potential. In accordance with the Generic Brief for an Historic Environment Appraisal issued by Dyfed Archaeological Trust, this assessment draws together readily available information to assess the historic environment potential of the study site.

1.4 For the purposes of this report, the term ‘heritage asset’ will be used which identifies any building, monument, site, place, area or landscape identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions, because of its heritage interest. Heritage assets include designated heritage assets and assets identified by the local planning authority (including local listing).

1.5 As a result, the appraisal will provide a rapid and informed decision regarding potential historic environment issues for consideration as part of the planning process and will inform the need for further assessment or investigation.

2.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 This appraisal is based on a consideration of evidence in the Dyfed Archaeological Trust Historic Environment Record (HER) and the National Monuments Record for Wales (NMRW) for the study site and a surrounding 1km zone (the search radius). Cadw designated heritage assets dataset for the study site and a surrounding 2km zone were also reviewed, as previously assessed in the A J Recycling Wind Turbine Technical report (Appendix 2). LANDMAP, landscape characterisation information and historic Ordnance Survey mapping relating to the study site were also reviewed.

2.2 Designated Heritage Assets

2.2.1 There are no designated heritage assets (scheduled monuments, listed buildings, conservation areas, registered parks and gardens, registered battlefields) identified within or in close proximity to the study site. Four Grade II listed buildings and a Scheduled Ancient Monument are situated within the 2km search radius of the study site (see Table 2.1 and Appendix 1). No designated heritage assets are situated within 1km of the study site, the closest of which, the Grade II listed St Mary’s Church, is located over 1.3km to the southwest of the study site. These heritage assets and their setting are of national importance.

Table 2.1 Designated Heritage Assets present within 2km of study site NUMBER NAME LOCATION GRADE 13039 Rafel Approached along a farm track north from the II Blaenffos to Crosswell road and situated to the west of Neuadd farmyard 14768 Boundary stone on Situated on the east side of A487 some 400m north II A487 of Cross Inn crossroads 82938 Church of St Mary On the north side of the entrance to the drive to II Pant y Deri some 2.5km west of Blaenffos 82944 Pant y Deri Reached by a drive east off a minor road some II 2.3km west of Blaenffos

SAM NO SAM NAME NGR X NGR Y SITE TYPE PE564 Cwmbettws Defended Enclosure 216933 240141 Enclosure - Defensive

2.3 Non-Designated Heritage Assets

2.3.1 There are no non-designated heritage assets identified on or immediately adjacent to the study site. The HER contains 6 entries within the 1km search radius of the study site (record HER10121 – St Meigan Dedication deleted, merged with HER995). The NMRW contains an additional record entry, although this relates to an alternative location to St Meugans Well (HER7535) (NMR304041 is equivalent to HER998) (see Table 2.2 and Appendix 1). These heritage assets are of local significance.

2.3.2 The local landscape is likely to have been utilised during the prehistoric period, evidence for Iron Age occupation within the search radius is represented by the earthwork remains of the Castell Coch (HER998/NMR304041) defended enclosure 580m south of the proposed development site. The study site may have may been utilised as part of the surrounding agricultural land of this enclosed settlement site.

2.3.3 The study site is not situated within or adjacent to an area of medieval settlement activity. The possible location of the medieval chapel of St Meigan is recorded over 980m south of the study site (HERs 995 and 7535). The location of its associated well is also situated c.850 south of the study site (HER12923), although the NMRW also records the possible well’s location 500m east of the study site (NMRW32509). Despite the former presence of a medieval chapel and well to the south with the search area, the study site itself is likely to have been situated beyond any such focus of occupation during this period. The study site is likely to have remained an area of upland waste, common or woodland during this period.

2.3.4 Cartographic evidence suggests that the study site is likely to have remained an area of agricultural land from at least the post-medieval period onwards, subject to enclosure during the 19th century. A post-medieval Well is noted at Meigan Wells farm 420m south of the study site (HER19979).

2.3.5 On current evidence, a moderate potential for late prehistoric activity is considered for the study site, such activity may be confined to agricultural practices. A low potential for archaeological remains for all other periods is identified for the study site. Archaeological deposits associated with former agricultural practices will be of local importance.

Table 2.2 Undesignated Heritage Assets present within 1km of the study site PRN NAME SUMMARY FORM CONDITION EAST NRTH PERIOD 995 ST MEUGAN'S CHAPEL Site of chapel, mentioned c.1200 when granted to Slebech Documents 217300 237900 Medieval Commandery? (Conway Davies 1946, 362-4). Listed as pilgrimage chapel in c.1600 (Owen 1897,509). Associated with curative holy well (PRN 12923). Celtic dedication, probably post-Conquest. 998 CASTELL COCH Equivalent to NMRW 304041. Defended enclosure Earthwork Near 216780 238240 Iron Age Destroyed 7535 PARC-YR-EGLWYS Possible site of St Meugan's well chapel? (PRN 995). NDL 2002 Earthwork Not Known 217400 237940 Medieval 7669 CASTELL COCH Finds 216800 238300 Post- medieval 12923 PISTYLL MEIGAN Documents 217210 238000 Medieval 19979 MEIGAN WELLS Other Not Known 217090 238410 Post- structure medieval

NMRW NAME TYPE GRID REFERENCE PERIOD 32509 Saint Meugans Well SN17403879 Medieval Well, Llanfair- Nant-Gwyn

2.4 Historic Landscape

2.4.1 The study site is not situated within a Historic Landscape Characterisation Area as identified by CADW/Dyfed Archaeological Trust or a Registered Landscape of Historic Interest. The historic landscape of Crossway – Glanpwllafon, forming part of the Lower Teifi Valley Historic Landscape Characterisation is located 730m north of the study site. This area is characterised as overwhelmingly agricultural, with fields bound by hedges on banks.

2.4.2 The study site is situated within the LANDMAP historic landscape area Mynydd Crogwy (PMBRKHL46132), characterised as a small upland aspect area occupying the crest of a low ridge. The area comprises large regular fields of probable 19th century date. Limited settlement is confined to a few small farms, and no other dwellings are present. The most significant archaeological elements within this landscape area are post- medieval structures and sites.

2.4.3 The post-medieval period sees the establishment of isolated farmsteads and cottage dwellings, the landscape is subject to enclosure during the 19th century. Historic Ordnance Survey mapping show that the study site remained within an area of enclosed land from the beginning of the 19th century to present day (Figures 2-4). The field boundaries present on the Llanfair-Nant-Gwyn tithe map that remain today may be considered 'historic' in accordance with the Hedgerow Regulations (1997).

3.0 SITE CONDITIONS, THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT AND IMPACT ON HERITAGE ASSETS

3.1 Site Conditions

3.1.1 A site visit was conducted in August 2012 (Plates 1-3). The study site comprises a single field currently open improved grassland. No archaeological features were noted during the site visit.

3.2 The Proposed Development

3.2.1 The proposed development will comprise the construction of a single wind turbine, and associated infrastructure. It is anticipated that the below ground impacts will be confined to the foundations of the wind turbine and associated services.

3.3 Impact on Heritage Assets

3.3.1 There are no known heritage assets (designated or undesignated) that will be effected by the proposed development.

3.3.2 Based on information held in the HER, a moderate potential for late prehistoric archaeological activity and a low potential for as yet unknown archaeological deposits for all other periods is considered for the study site. Such activity may be confined to former agricultural practices of local significance. The study site is likely to have been subject to agricultural activity from at least the post-medieval period onwards. Should as yet unknown archaeological deposits be present, it is considered that they would not be of sufficient significance as to preclude development.

3.3.3 A single Scheduled Ancient Monument is recorded within 2km of the study site. The results of consultation with CADW concluded that there was no substantial impact on the setting of the Scheduled Ancient Monuments with the 5km zone of theoretical visibility. CADW also had no concerns in relation to the proposed developments impact upon the setting of registered historic parks and gardens within 10km of the proposed turbine or the registered historic landscapes of Preseli and the Lower Teifi Valley (see Appendix 3).

3.3.4 Four Grade II listed buildings are present within the 2km search radius of the study site. These buildings are situated between 1.3km and 1.8km from the proposed turbine site. Due to the distance, topography, intervening vegetation and urban development

between these buildings and the proposed turbine site, it is considered that the impact upon the setting of the listed buildings will be negligible.

3.3.5 No hedgerows will be impacted by the proposed development.

4.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

4.1 This historic environment appraisal has established that no designated heritage assets nor undesignated heritage assets are present within or in close proximity to the study site as to be effected by the proposed development. The setting of nearby designated heritage assets is considered to be negligible.

4.2 Based on readily available evidence, this appraisal has identified a moderate potential for late prehistoric activity. However, such activity may be confined to former agricultural practices of local importance. A low potential for as yet unknown archaeological deposits for all other periods is identified. Further archaeological work may be requested by the local planning authority’s archaeological advisor in order to mitigate the impact of the proposed development upon as yet unknown archaeological deposits. This work may comprise an archaeological watching brief which would be secured as a condition to planning consent.

SOURCES CONSULTED

General Dyfed Archaeological Trust Historic Environment Record National Monuments Record of Wales CADW designated heritage assets LANDMAP British Geological Survey www.avisionofbritain.org.uk www.oldmapsonline.org Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales – www.archaeoleg.org.uk/area southwest.html

Dyfed Archaeological Trust. n.d. Generic Brief for the preparation of an Historic Environment Appraisal Infinergy. 2012. A J Recyling Wind Turbine Technical Report

Cartographic Sources

First Series Ordnance Survey Drawing 1810 Ordnance Survey, 1888 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1907 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1977 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1995 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1888 1:10560 Ordnance Survey, 1907-08 1:10560 Ordnance Survey, 1948-53 1:10560 Ordnance Survey, 1963-64 1:10000 Ordnance Survey, 2006 1:10000 Ordnance Survey, 2012 1:10000

Liver

London Project title: Cheltenham LAND NORTH OF MEIGAN WELLS BLAENFFOS, BONCATH Kettering Site location Newark Not to scale Birmingham Illustrative only www.cgms.co.uk Date printed: Drawn by: HS Planning & Development Archaeology & Historic Buildings FEBRUARY 2013 Checked by:GP

© Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office Licence No: AL 100014723 Figure 1: Site location L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\14000-14999\14586-AJRecycling Wind Turbine\Graphics\Corel

Project title: London LAND NORTH OF MEIGAN WELLS N BLAENFFOS, BONCATH Cheltenham Site Kettering Not to scale Newark Illustrative only Birmingham Date printed: Drawn by: HS www.cgms.co.uk FEBRUARY 2013 Checked by:GP Planning & Development Archaeology & Historic Buildings

© Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office Licence No: AL 100014723 Figure 2: 1810 Ordnance Survey First Series Drawing L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\14000-14999\14586-AJRecycling Wind Turbine\Graphics\Corel

Project title: London LAND NORTH OF MEIGAN WELLS N BLAENFFOS, BONCATH Cheltenham Site Scale at A4: 1:10000 Kettering Newark 0 500 m Birmingham Date printed: Drawn by: HS www.cgms.co.uk FEBRUARY 2013 Checked by:GP Planning & Development 1:10000 Archaeology & Historic Buildings

© Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office Licence No: AL 100014723 Figure 3: 1888 Ordnance Survey L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\14000-14999\14586-AJRecycling Wind Turbine\Graphics\Corel

© Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office Licence No: AL 100014723 Figure 4: 2012 Ordnance Survey CgMs L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\14000-14999\14586 - White Lion Farm, Carmarthenshire\Graphics\Corel

Plate 1: Looking northwards towards the tree line from the proposed Plate 2: Looking southwards from the proposed turbine site turbine site

Plate 3: Looking south along the access track towards the Meigan Wells Recycling Centre

Plates 1-3 Historic Environment Appraisal Land north of Meigan Wells, Blaenffos, Boncath – A J Recycling Wind Turbine

Appendix 1

Historic Environment Record search results and designated heritage assets

PE564 PE564

14768

Key

^ Site 1km search area

32509 ' Scheduled Monument Listed building

^ HER ' NMR ± 19979

7669

' 998 304041

10121 Project title: 12923 LAND NORTH OF MEIGAN WELLS BLAENFFOS, BOCATH 7535 A J RECYCLING WIND TURBINE 995 London Cheltenham Kettering Newark Birmingham

www.cgms.co.uk

82938 Planning & Development Archaeology & Historic Buildings

Scale at A3: 1:12,000

82944 0 500 m Date printed: Drawn by: HS 14/01/13 Checked by: GP

 Appendix 1: HER and NMR search results 13039 Historic Environment Appraisal Land north of Meigan Wells, Blaenffos, Boncath – A J Recycling Wind Turbine

Appendix 2

Infinergy A J Recycling Wind Turbine Technical Report Historic Environment

6.4 Historic Environment

6.4.1 This section presents the findings of an historic environment assessment carried out to determine the character and extent of the cultural heritage resource associated with the proposed A J Recycling Project. Furthermore, where appropriate, a mitigation strategy is presented to avoid and/or reduce any predicted adverse effects arising from the proposed development.

6.4.2 The screening response identified the need for an assessment of impact on the Historic Landscape and an assessment of impact on the architectural and archaeological heritage of the area.

6.4.3 Both the LANDMAP Historic and Cultural Landscape studies (CCW) have been utilised for this chapter.

Legislative and Policy Context

6.4.4 The following legislation is relevant to the historic environment associated with the site:

 Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act (1979);

 National Heritage Act 1983;

 Planning (Listed Building and Conservation Areas) Act (1990); and the

 Welsh Government Circular 60/96, Planning and the Historic Environment: Archaeology, 1996.

6.4.5 In addition, this assessment has been developed with reference to Planning Policy Wales (Chapter 6) Conserving the Historic Environment (2011). This policy states that ‘Local planning authorities have an important role in securing the conservation of the historic environment while ensuring that it accommodates and remains responsive to present day needs. This is a key aspect of local authorities’ wider sustainable development responsibilities which should be taken into account in both the formulation of planning policies and the exercise of development control functions’.

6.4.6 As encouraged in the policy following the screening opinion, further guidance was sought from Pembrokeshire County Council who agreed that a 2km radius of assessment for historic asset would be appropriate.

6.4.7 Regional and local planning polices relevant to the historic environment are listed in Table 6.4 below.

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Table 6.4 Development plan policies relevant to assessment of the historic environment

Document Policy/Guidance Information

JUDP Policy 85- Historic Development that would adversely affect the landscapes integrity, coherence or character of Landscapes of Historic Interest will not be permitted.

Policy 84- Development which adversely affects important Archaeological archaeological remains and/or their settings will not remains normally be permitted.

Policy 63- Wind Wind energy development will be permitted where: energy developments i) there is no significant damage to the historic environment

LDP GN.37 Protection Development that affects sites of architectural and Enhancement and/or historic merit or archaeological importance, of the Historic or their setting, will only be permitted where it can Environment be demonstrated that it would protect or enhance their character and integrity.

Methodology

Scope

6.4.8 All known heritage assets within a 2km buffer zone surrounding the site have been identified in accordance with the scope agreed with Pembrokeshire County Council in a telephone call on 31st July 2012 with Ceri Jones.

Methodology

6.4.9 A desk-based assessment has been conducted to identify and collate all available information to establish known and potential cultural heritage assets that may be impacted upon by the proposed development. The assessment was undertaken in line with government advice as set out in Planning Policy Wales (Chapter 6) Conserving the Historic Environment (2011), using information from a number of sources listed below:

National

 National Monuments Record

 Listed Buildings and Designated Conservation Areas.

Regional/Local

 Sites and Monuments Records (SMR); and/or

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 Historic Environment Record (HER) (a database of known archaeological sites within each region, held by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust).

 Ordnance Survey maps dating back to 1891; and

 LANDMAP 2012- Historical Landscape, Aspect area name Mynydd Crogwy.

 LANDMAP 2012- Cultural Landscape, Aspect area name Crymych.

6.4.10 A site walkover was also conducted to verify the findings of the desk based assessment and to identify any additional unrecorded onsite features that could potentially be impacted by the construction, operation and decommissioning of the proposed development. In addition, all sites that could be accessed, which fell within 2km of site boundary were identified and assessed to determine the potential impacts of the proposed development (e.g. potential indirect impacts on heritage assets due to transport vibrations).

Baseline and Assessment

6.4.11 Historically the land has been used for pasture and grazing. These practices have been maintained and occur on the land which is not used for the recycling facility. A review of cartographic sources indicates that the assessment site has remained unchanged since at least 1891 (old- maps.co.uk 1891 Pre-WW2 1:10,000 Pembrokeshire). Since this time the only noticeable alteration is that a few surrounding fields have been enlarged (hedgerows removed), although the field the turbine is situated in, remains unchanged.

6.4.12 The proposed location of the turbine is situated between Eglwyswrw and Cilgerran community and is also close to the Crymych Community border. Trysor (2009) describes in each separate report of the communities, that the local landscape has been heavily and significantly modified by centuries of farming. The nearest community, Llanfair Nantgwyn ‘areas of well- established farmland are found, with irregular field shapes and farmsteads.’ It is also stated that ‘the archaeology and history of this landscape differs from that of the higher ground, with fewer prehistoric sites and more monuments associated with settlement and agriculture.’

6.4.13 Significantly Trysor describes that ‘the Preseli commons, a landscape which is often thought to be “natural” has in fact been heavily modified since medieval times in order to create good upland grazing land.’

6.4.14 According to CCW LANDMAP Historic Landscape evaluation the proposal lies within the Mynydd Crogwy area, which is classified as Level 4 (Rural environment/Agricultural/Regular Fieldscapes/Medium Fields). The following paragraph is the summary description of the key patterns and elements of this area:

‘Mynydd Crogwy is a small, upland aspect area (5.626 sq km) occupying the crest of a low ridge. It is an open landscape with very few hedges or trees, and comprises large regular fields of probable 19th Century date. The limited settlement is confined to a few small farms, and no other dwellings are present. There are no listed buildings and no Scheduled Ancient Monuments. Recorded archaeology is restricted to possible prehistoric

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standing stones, an iron age defended enclose, post-medieval deserted settlements and disused quarries.’

6.4.15 It is central to highlight from this description that no listed buildings or scheduled ancient monuments are found within the area which the turbine development is situated in.

6.4.16 In the Cultural Landscape LANDMAP, the trend of the area is stated as declining with socio-economic threats to the area.

6.4.17 Figure 6.1 below identifies the locations of all known National monuments, listed Buildings and Scheduled Ancient Monuments within the Zone of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV) of a 2km radius of the wind turbines location. The subsequent Table 6.5 describes and outlines potential impacts on the setting of the identified Assets.

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Figure 6.1 Map showing Historic assets within the ZTV of a 2km radius

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Table 6.5: Identified Cultural Heritage Assets (onsite and within the ZTV in a 2km radius of the turbine location)

Heritage Asset Grid Approximate Brief Description taken from Royal Commission on Importance Level Potential Impact Reference or Distance from the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (international, Location the proposed national, local) development and NPRN number National 216930, 1.3km N Cwmbettws Defended Enclosure also SAM. An National The LVIA concluded Monuments 240130 earthwork enclosure, of uncertain date, formed from significance that ‘The immediate within 2km and the tip of a west-facing spur, set between two 304076 enclosure ZTV of site stream valleys: a roughly oval area, about 22-26m surrounding the SAM, east-west by 22m, tapering to the west, is defined as well as the linear by a ditch cutting across the ridge against rising vegetation in the ground on the east & elsewhere by degraded wider landscape earthwork banks, set about the levelled interior. would ensure that the indirect effects of the proposed development on the setting of the SAM would be limited.’

217400, 0.5km NE Saint Meigans Well, Medieval, no trace of well exists National No impact due to no 238970 significance 32509 trace of monument Within LANDMAP area which states: Require further existing. investigation to identify evidence for settlement or ecclesiastical sites in the vicinity. Suggestive of medieval occupation. Documented references to a chapel adjoining St Meigan’s Well (SN 1740 3897) which is demolished. 215950, 1.25km SW Bryn Deri, Dwelling, Post Medieval National Negligible impact due

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215950, 1.4km S Pant-Y-Deri Garden, Post Medieval National Negligible impact due 238050 significance to surrounding 265236 vegetation screening the proposal

216780, 0.6km SSW Castell Coch, defended enclosure, Iron Age. A National No impact, as 238240 ploughed-down embanked sub-circular enclosure, significance remains barely some 68m by 58m, set upon south facing slopes. 304041 perceptible.

Within LANDMAP area which states: Embanked semi-circular enclosure of iron age date. Limited potential for further investigation due to its heavily ploughed down state. Remains ‘barely perceptible’ Inventory of the county of Pembroke 1914. 216080, 1.4km NW Ebenezer Welsh Baptist Chapel, Post Medieval. The National Negligible impact due 239990 chapel was built in 1768, rebuilt in 1820 and rebuilt significance 11068 to surrounding again in 1870 vegetation screening the proposal

217600, 1.8km SE Rafel, dwelling, Post Medieval (although this date is National Negligible impact due 237140 questionable) significance 30135 to surrounding vegetation screening

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218120, 1.2km ESE Blaen Y Rangell, Deserted Settlement, building National Negligible impact due 238540 platform, Medieval/Post Medeival. Well preserved significance to surrounding earthworks, only recently discovered (in 2008) 408679 vegetation screening during aerial reconnaissance. the proposal

LB within 2km 217596, 1.8km SE Rafel, see above under national monument Grade 2 30135 The LVIA summarises and ZTV of site 237139 that ‘The blade tips 216365, 1.4km SW Church of Saint Mary Grade 2 only of the proposed 237555 wind turbine would 216714, 1.4km S Pant y Deri House, see above the garden is a Grade 2 765 appear above the 237425 National Monument enclosing mature 215408, 1.9km NW Boundary Stone on A487, civil class, post medieval Grade 2 96007 vegetation… at worst 239929 the magnitude of impact will be low, the significance of effect will be minor- negligible.’

SAM’s Within See national monument (Cwmbettws Defended ZTV of 2km Enclosure) 216930, 240130

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Potential Impacts

6.4.18 The baseline review has not identified any known heritage assets that would be directly impacted by the development of the turbine including associated ancillary infrastructure such as construction of access tracks.

6.4.19 There is a very low risk potential of impact associated with unknown archaeological assets however, as recommended by Pembrokeshire County Council, a watching brief would be undertaken by a suitably qualified archaeologist during excavation works for the turbine foundation.

6.4.20 Therefore, based on the evidence available, impacts on historic assets are unlikely during each phase of the turbine; construction, operation or decommissioning.

Mitigation

6.4.21 Apart from a watching brief during construction, no further mitigation is proposed because the area has been assigned an overall value of moderate; with archaeological sites being recorded as moderate to poor in condition. This is compounded by the fact that only moderate potential for further archaeological investigation has been stated by LANDMAP.

Conclusion

6.4.22 Within the ZTV study area of a 2km radius, only 4 Listed buildings (all grade 2 listed), 1 Scheduled Ancient Monuments and 8 National Monuments were identified. It has been concluded that there will be no direct impacts upon the identified historical elements through the development of the wind turbine.

6.4.23 LANDMAP evaluates the area within which the proposal is located as the following:  Integrity-High  Survival-High  Condition-Moderate  Rarity-Low

6.4.24 The overall evaluation assigned the area as moderate value, ‘which reflects the moderate to poor condition of the majority of the recorded archaeological sites within the aspect area and the moderate potential for further archaeological investigation.’

6.4.25 In addition, direct impact on historic assets is not anticipated, with the minor possibility of archaeological remains discovered on excavation during construction of the turbine and ancillary works thus a watching brief will be undertaken. As demonstrated in Table 6.5 indirect impacts are mostly considered as negligible/none.

6.4.26 In conclusion the historic assessment has demonstrated that the proposal meets regional and local policy as stated in Table 6.4 and that the turbine is well sited with little prospect of resulting in negative impacts on historical assets.

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Appendix 3

CADW correspondence