Political Process in

TYBA – SEM V AND VI

1 Syllabus – Sem V

• Historical background

• Evolution of the idea of Maharashtra

• Movements

– Nationalist – Social Reform – Samyukta Maharashtra

2 Regionalism – Sub-regionalism

• Regions

• Dandekar Committee

• Statutory development of boards – (Now extended upto 2015) • Vidarbha, Marthwada and Rest of Maharashtra

3 Political Institutions in Maharashtra

• Legislature

• Chief Minister

• High courts and other courts

4 Caste and Politics

• Dominant caste

• Dalits

• OBC

5 SEM VI

• Political economy of Maharashtra

• Political parties

• Contemporary issues and movements

• Alternative models of development – Civil society initiatives

6 MAHARASHTRA – SOME FACTS

• Area - 3,07,713 sq. kms.

• Population - 11,23,72,972

7 Area – comparative

Area of Maharashtra – a comparison with some European nations

350000 300000 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 Sq. Kms. 0

8 Largest subdivisions of a country

9 Maharashtra and

• Second most populous after • Third largest after Rajasthan and • Wealthiest state in India • Highest urban population in India – 50.8 million – 13.5% of countries urban population

10 Divisions and districts

11 Facts…2

1. Divisons – 6

2. Districts – 35

3. Talukas - 358

12 Bombay -

• The Town and Island of Bombay was received by the British as a part of the dowry of the Portuguese Princess Catherine of Braganza, sister of Alphonso VI, the then Portuguese Monarch, when she married King Charles II in 1661. • Charles II transferred it to the East India Company in 1668 for an insignificant annual rent of 10 Pounds

13 Local self government - Urban

• 23 Municipal corporations

• 221 Municipal councils

• 5 Nagar panchayats

14 Local self government - Rural

• 33 Zilla Parishads

• 351 Panchayat samitis

• 27,906 Gram panchayats

15 Local self government

• Total local self government bodies – 28 ,539

16 Vidhi mandal -

• Bicameral

• Vidhan Sabha – 288 + 1 (nominated)

• SC – 29

• ST – 25

• General 234

17 Vidhan Parishad

• 78 members. • 6 out of 28 states have upper house as of 2011. • AP, , J&K, , Maharashtra, UP.

18 Parishad - constituencies

• Graduates’ constituency (1/12) • Teachers’ constituency (1/12) • Local self government bodies (1/3 ) • Vidhan Sabha – (assembly) ( 1/3) • Nomination by Governor (1/12)

19 Parishad…3

• Can’t be greater than 1/3 of size of assembly, not less than 40.

20 High court of Bombay

• Oldest • Jurisdiction over Maharashtra, Goa, Diu and Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli • Benches at Aurangabad, Nagpur, Panji • Chief Justice and 58 judges • 35 district courts • Subordinate courts • Civil and criminal

21 Elections

1951 1985

1957 1990

1962 1995

1967 1999

1972 2004

1978 2009

1980

22 Political parties

• Indian National • NCP • • BJP • Communists • PWP • RPI • Socialists

23 Maharashtra assembly current position

Samajwadi Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh Party 1% Swabhimani Paksha 0% 1% 0% Rashtriya Samaj Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi Paksha Bharatiya 0% Shivsena 15% Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh Peasants And Communist Party 16% Workers of India (Marxist) (Marxist) Party of India 0% Congress 2% Independent Nationalist Congress Party Jan Surajya Shakti 22% Congress Loksangram 29% Maharashtra Navnirman sena Nationalist Congress Party Independent 8% Peasants And Workers Party of India Maharashtra Navnirman sena Shivsena 5% Swabhimani Paksha Loksangram Jan Surajya Shakti 0% 1%

24 BJP AND SHIV SENA- ELECTORAL PERFORMANCE

160

140

120

100 Shiv Sena 80 BJP 60 Combine 40

20

0 1990 1995 1999 2004 2009

25 Congress – NCP

160

140

120

100 INC 80 NCP 60 COMBINE 40

20

0 1999 2004 2009

26 Congress - Shiv Sena – BJP – PWP – CPM - CPI

250

200 Congress 150 Shiv Sena BJP 100 PWP CPI (M) 50 CPI

0 1962 1967 1972 1978 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2004 2009

27 Chagan Bhujbal

• Split and merger – two exceptions in the anti defection law

• 17 MLAs + 1 (1/3rd of Shiv Sena’s 52 MLAs) (Dec 91 )

• Shiv Sena B

• Merger with Congress

28 Chief Ministers of Maharashtra

29

30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Chief ministers – 1960s and 70s

• Yeshwantrao Chavan – Cooperative movement, Panchayati raj

• Marutrao Kannamwar – Vidarbha (Nagpur agreement 1953)

• – Agricultural development, stability, Rise of Shiv Sena (Ghashiram Kotwal )

• – Emergency - Representative of the Congress high command

• – Sugar lobby – Problem of Tirpude and the solution.

• – PDF government, Namantar

47 …1980s

• A. R. Antulay (1980-82) – Indira Pratibha Pratishthan, Cement issue

• Babasaheb Bhosle (1982-83) – Unknown man

• Vasantdada Patil (1983-85) – Sugar lobby and stability

• Shivajirao Nilengekar (1985-86) – Unstable authority

• Shankarrao Chavan (1986-88) – A against the Maratha lobby – policy of the Congress high command – Riddles

• Sharad Pawar (1988-91) – Able administrator

48 …1990s

• (1991-93) – Influence of Sharad Pawar - Criminalisation of politics – Riots – Bomb blasts

• Sharad Pawar (1993-95) – Namantar and the end of Congress regime

• Manohar (1995-99) – First non-Congress government

• (1999) – Maratha from Konkan and Shiv Sena

49 2000-2013

• Vilasrao (1999-2003) – Representative of

• (2003-2004) – Dalit Chief Minister

• (2004-2008) – Towards stability

• (2008-2010) – New generation

• (2010 onwards) -

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