REPORT BY KCSS FEBRUARY 2019 / 01
Kosovar Centre for Security Studies
CITIZENS PERCEPTIONS ON NEW THREATS OF VIOLENT EXTREMISM IN KOSOVO
FEBRUARY 2019
Kosovar Centre for Security Studies
CITIZENS PERCEPTIONS ON NEW THREATS OF VIOLENT EXTREMISM IN KOSOVO Publisher: Kosovar Centre for Security Studies (KCSS) Author: Vesë Kelmendi, Researcher Internal Review: Mentor Vrajolli & Skender Perteshi Editor: Rudinë Jakupi, Researcher Supported by: National Endowment for Democracy (NED) Designed by: Arbër Matoshi
© All rights reserved by Kosovar Centre for Security Studies. Law on Copyright and Related Rights protects rights and intellectual property. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any forms or by any means, electronic, mechanical or other, without the permission in writing from the publisher. Commercial use of all media published by the Kosovar Centre for Security Studies (KCSS) is not permitted without the written consent of the KCSS. Please contact: [email protected] or +381 38 221 420. Perceptions presented in this report are a summary of information gathered from respondents and it solely demonstrates how people perceive institutions. It is no way a conclusive assessment on the quality of the work of institutions subject to this study. It shall serve as an instrument to them toward addressing potential shortcomings, but also an indicator of the effectiveness of their com- munication with the people. The views presented in this report are perceptions of the respondents and do not necessarily rep- resent the views of Kosovar Centre for Security Studies. Opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily represent the views of the National Endowment for Democracy (NED).
5 CONTENT
INTRODUCTION 7 KEY FINDINGS 8
CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL PERCEPTIONS ON VIOLENT EXTREMISM 2018: PERCEPTIONS ON THREATS POSED BY ETHNIC, POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUSLY MOTIVATED VIOLENT EXTREMISM 9
1.1 CITIZENS PERCEPTION OF PROGRESS MADE IN COUNTERING AND PREVENTION OF THE VIOLENT EXTREMISM (C/PVE) IN KOSOVO 12
CHAPTER 2 - HAVE THE COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS ON RETURNED FOREIGN FIGHTERS CHANGED? 15
2.1 COMMUNITY RESPONSE TOWARDS RETURNED MALE FIGHTERS WHO JOINED IN SYRIA AND IRAQ CONFLICT 17 2.2 COMMUNITY RESPONSE TOWARDS RETURNED WOMEN AND MINORS WHO JOINED IN SYRIA AND IRAQ CONFLICT 18
CHAPTER 3 - TRUST TOWARDS THE MAIN STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED IN PVE PROGRAMS 21
METHODOLOGY - WHAT IS KOSOVO SECURITY BAROMETER? 24
5 REPORT BY KCSS
ACRONYMS
CVE Countering Violent Extremism
FTF Foreign Terrorist Fighter (FTF)
ISIS Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
KSB Kosovo Security Barometer
PVE Preventing Violent Extremism
6 7 INTRODUCTION
Kosovo Security Barometer report on violent extremism 2018 draws attention to the fact that Koso- vo citizens still believe that returned foreign fighters are a security concern due to their war skills and their connections with terrorist groups. To understand the impact of the community in the re- habilitation efforts, it is crucial to know their perceptions about violent extremism (VE) since each community has their needs, similarities and differences. More than half of the respondents would not accept former fighters in their community. While, in 2017 respondents were overwhelmingly supportive for the prevention and rehabilitation programs by the Government of Kosovo to counter violent extremism, in 2018 48 percent of respondents, consider that Kosovo institutions should be more focused on prevention programs because the situation is the same and no changes are noticed in this regard.
This report consists of data analysis on perceptions regarding threat of violent extremism and trust towards stakeholders involved in prevention of this phenomena. It is divided in three main sessions: the first focuses on general perceptions about violent extremism and other forms of extremism such as: ethnically motivated violence, political violence and religiously motivated violence; the sec- ond outlines the perceptions towards risks and threats of returned fighters, and community will- ingness to accept former fighters and women/minors; the last session focuses on the perceptions towards stakeholders involved in implementation of the CVE strategy.
7 REPORT BY KCSS
KEY FINDINGS
The key findings related to citizens’ perception in regards The key findings identified by this edition of KSB related to to the threat posed by violent extremism highlighted by this citizen’s perception related to stakeholders were as follow- edition of KSB were: ing:
• The report findings shows that, in comparison to pre- • The citizens trust in Civil Society Organizations and vious years, the perceived threat from violent extrem- Religious institutions resulted in being higher com- ism have decreased slightly resulting on 5 percentage pared to Government, Assembly, Courts, Prosecution points drop. and municipalities;
• In 2018, 70 percent of respondents in 2018 believe • Citizens have lower trust towards media, which has an that violent extremism is a Kosovo national threat; important role to play in spreading counter-messages against violent extremism narratives; • Around half of the respondents agreed that radicalized individuals continue to spread violent extremism; • Majority of respondents use private televisions as the main source of information; • 37 percent of respondents consider that Kosovo in- stitutions are addressing the phenomena of violent • Almost half of the respondents from North Mitrovica extremism, while 30 percent of respondents believe use online media platforms to be informed; that Kosovo institutions should be focused more on • Fifty-seven percent of Muslim practitioners have trust this issue; towards Islamic Community while 76 percent of cath- • In the regional context, the majority of respondents olic respondents shared trust toward Catholic Church from Gjilan and Ferizaj (40 percent) municipalities in Kosovo. consider that Kosovo institutions are more responsi- ble on preventing violent extremism;
• Respondents from Prishtina and Gjakova (30 percent) have low perceptions about the work of Kosovo insti- tutions on fighting violent extremism;
• More than half of respondents would not accept RTFs in their community;
• Women consider returned male individuals as a higher threat compared to men respondents;
• Responders expressed positive attitudes towards women and minors who have returned from the con- flict zones.
8 CHAPTER / 1
GENERAL PERCEPTIONS ON VIOLENT EXTREMISM 2018: Perceptions on threats posed by ethnic, political and religiously motivated violent extremism
Over the past years VE has been seen as a considerable Here it must be pointed out however, that while Koso- threat by Kosovo citizens. The results of 2017 shows that vo citizens do not undermine the potential threat that VE 74 percent of respondents considered this phenomenon as poses, other results show that they are also aware that a threat. Nevertheless, this year the results show that the this phenomenon is not the highest threat that Kosovo is percentage of those who considered violent extremism as facing. For instance, respondents mentioned threats such a threat have slightly dropped. Respectively only 70 percent as unemployment, organized crime, political polarization, of those asked considered it as a threat. Only 13 percent of tensions between Kosovo and Serbia at a much higher respondents stated that violent extremism is not a threat frequency.1 Nevertheless, this report focuses solely on the for the country. citizens perception towards violent extremism.
The findings of the KSB show that citizens have different views regarding the threat of violent extremism depending on the source which causes this threat, such as ethnically
A risk 70% motivated, politically motivated and religiously motivated violence.
The results showed that 41 percent of respondents consid- 12% ered politically motivated violent extremism a threat, while Somehow risk 30 percent of respondents stated that national/ethnic mo- tivated violent extremism is a threat towards national secu- % 13 rity, and around 23 percent of respondents stated religious- Not a risk based violence as a national risk. 3% No opinion
Figure 1 General Perceptions on Violent Extremism 2018
A Threat 1 Marku, D (2018) “Kosovo Security Barometer 8th Edition” http:// www.qkss.org/repository/docs/barometri2018-eng2_477654.pdf 30% Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% 9 Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
32% 28% 23% 21%
Politically Motivated No opinion
42% 41%
3% 5%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Agree 52%
21% Somehow
20% Disagree
7% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk
68% 60%
20% 12%
Less risk No opinion
15% 11% 8% 5%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13%
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion
YES 36%
NO 30%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4%
YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
Rural Urban
YES 31% YES 38%
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
30% 33% No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Trust
49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3%
Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Trust
55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Trust
Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Trust
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2%
Radio 2%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% A risk 70% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% 12% Politically motivated Somehow risk Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% 13% No opinion 5% Not a risk
3% A Threat REPORT BY KCSS No opinion 23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
point of view, respondents from Mitrovica (north) consid- A Threat ered all these sources of extremism much more as a threat 30% compare to those from other districts. Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated No opinion 4%
A Threat 25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina 40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5% 31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% 30% 29% 47% No opinion 5% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
Figure 2 Citizens’ Perception on different forms of violent extremism such as: ethnic, political and religious based 23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja This year’s result is in line also with previous editions of KSB which continuously listed the religiously motivated violence asEthnicaly a lesser Motivated threat comparedReligious with Motivated other twoPolitically forms Motivatedof violent extremism.2 Such perceptions are mainly based on the over- 59% 36% 63% all political developments which have characterized Kosovo Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova over the past25% years, tense relations16% between position33% and op- Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina positions in one hand and political disputes between Koso- vo and Serbia on the other, including difficulties to establish institutional control in the K-Serb majority municipalities in 26% 14% 38% the northern part of Kosovo.3 Nevertheless, the result must 31% 25% 46% Prizren Prizren Prizren not undermine the threat coming from violent extremism Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica especially considering that recently there have already been reporting of the religiously motivated terrorist attempts but which have been successfully prevented by Kosovo Police .4 32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj The perception30% towards the29 threat% posed by ethnical,47% po- Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan litical and religious point of view have been analyzed also from regional, ethnic, gender perspectives. From regional
79% 65% 65% 2 Kelmendi. V (2017) “Citizens Perceptions and Community North North North Response23% on returned foreign19 fighters”% http://www.qkss.org/ 41% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica repository/docs/perceptimet-eng_(1)_933130.pdfPeja Peja Peja 3 Focus group with field researchers 2018 (Date: 09 November 2018) 4 Newspaper Zeri “Si po pergatitej sulmi terrorist vetvrases kunder Figure 3 Citizens’ Perception on different forms of violent ushtareve te Kfori-it ne Kosove”, 09 June 2018 Access on: extremism such as: ethnically, politically and religious http://zeri.info/kronika/202299/si-po-pergatitej-sulmi-terrorist- 59% 36% 63% motivated vetevrases-kunder-ushtareve-te-kfor-it-ne-kosove/ Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova 10
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
32% 28% 23% 79% 65% 65% 21% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Politically Motivated No opinion
42% 41%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 3% 5%
32% 28% 23% 21% Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Politically Motivated No opinion Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs 42% 41% Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1% 3% 5%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0% Risk
K-Albanians 27% Risk Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% 56% Not a Risk 37% K-Serbs No opinion 4% Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1% Risk
% K-Albanians 20 Risk Politically motivated Somehow 25% K-Serbs 56% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4% Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8% Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% Agree 52% No opinion 4%
Risk 21% 40% K-Albanians Somehow Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% 20% No opinion 4% Disagree
7% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% Agree 52% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
21% Somehow Agree
The situation 47% 20% remains the same Disagree Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% 7% No opinion 3% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% Agree Agree No opinion 6% 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Agree Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % The situation 47% No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3% Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % Agree Agree No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova Agree Agree 37% 38% Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Peja North Mitrovica Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % Agree Agree No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % Agree Agree No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 % 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova Agree Agree 54% 44% Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Peja North Mitrovica Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % Agree Agree No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 % 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Agree 26% Agree 27% Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % Somehow 39% Somehow No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 % 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% Agree Agree No opinion No opinion 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5% 6% No opinion
Risk Not a risk
Rural Urban 68% 60% Risk 65% Risk 62%
20% 12%
Less risk No opinion
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
15% 11% 8% 5% Risk Not a risk
68% 60%
20% 12%
Less risk No opinion Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 15% % % 11% 57 69 8% 5% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 % Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova Risk Risk 69% 71% Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Peja North Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % Mitrovica No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 % Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% YES 12% Gjilan Ferizaj NO 53%
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Yes, supervision Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % by the state 28% No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 5%
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Rural Urban YES 12% YES 9% YES 13% NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Rural Urban Prishtina Gjakova
YES 9% YES 13% NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova YES YES
15% 12% NO 53 % NO 51 % Peja North Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % Mitrovica No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % 57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision YES YES by the state YES by the state 12% 15% 15% 5% 3% Peja North 9% Mitrovica No opinion No opinion
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % YES 36%
NO 30%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4%
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion
YES 36%
NO 30%
Yes, supervision YES YES by the state 28% 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 4%
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 % YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova YES YES
39% 13% NO 32 % NO 16 % Peja North Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % Mitrovica No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 % YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % Rural Urban
YES YES YES 31% YES 38% 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES NO 35% NO 28% 13% 39% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% Peja North Mitrovica No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
Rural Urban 30% 33% No No
YES 31% YES 38% 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Trust
NO 35% NO 28% 49% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% Civil Society No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3%
Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
30% 33% No No Trust 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision 55% by the state YES by the state 33% Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Trust
49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity No opinion 3% 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Trust Media 26 % Media 34 % % 29 Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Trust Mitrovica Prizren
55% Religious Institutions Media 33 % Media 28 % Don’t Trust 20% Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Media 26 % Media 34 % Peja North Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Mitrovica
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Trust
Citizen trust towards 57% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% 47% 55% of Kosovo Gjilan Ferizaj Somehow 20%
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Don't Trust 15% 51% 13% Church Somehow 8% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Trust
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
Trust
Citizen trust towards 57% Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% RTK 22% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2% Trust
76% Catholic Trust Radio 2% towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8% Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media Trust No opinion 5% 43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0% Newspapers 2%
Radio 2% Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Online Media 19% Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
No opinion 5%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% ASomehow risk 70 risk% 13% Not a risk
12% 3% Somehow risk No opinion
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4% A Threat
A Threat 30% Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% 40% Politically motivated Somehow 33% NoNot opinion a threat 4% 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5% A Threat
A Threat 40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% 23% Religious motivated Somehow 30% NoNot opinion a threat 5% 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5% A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
2531% 1625% 3346% A risk 70% MitrovicaPrishtina MitrovicaPrishtina MitrovicaPrishtina
12% Somehow risk 3130% 2529% 4647% MitrovicaGjilan MitrovicaGjilan MitrovicaGjilan 13% Not a risk
3% No opinion 3023% 2919% 4741% GjilanPeja GjilanPeja GjilanPeja
2359% 1936% 4163% GjakovaPeja GjakovaPeja GjakovaPeja A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% 5926% 3614% 6338% No opinion 4% GjakovaPrizren GjakovaPrizren GjakovaPrizren
A Threat
40% Politically motivated % % % Not a threat 34% 2632% 1425% 3840% Somehow 30% PrizrenFerizaj PrizrenFerizaj PrizrenFerizaj No opinion 5%
A Threat 79% 65% 65% 32% 25% 40% 23% North North North Religious motivated MitrovicaFerizaj MitrovicaFerizaj MitrovicaFerizaj Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica 32% 28% 23% 21%
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan Politically Motivated No opinion 32% 28% 23% 21%
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja Politically Motivated No opinion
42% 41%
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova 3% 5%
42% 41%
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren 3% 5%
Kosovo Security Barometer 2018 32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% 79% 65% 65% Not a Risk 7% North North North No opinion 0% Gender based public perceptions on forms of violent ex- Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica Risk tremism show that majority of women, or 42 percent of Risk 63% women respondents consider politically motivated vi- K-Serbs Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% 56% olence as the main risk, compared to 41 percent of men K-Serbs Not a Risk 7% Politically motivated respondents. Thirty-two percent of women respondents NoSomehow opinion 32% 0% consider that ethnically motivated violence as risk in com- Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1% parison with 28 percent of men respondents who held the Risk same views. In general, men and women consider religious Risk 56% motivated violence as a lower risk. K-Serbs Politically motivated K-Serbs Somehow 32% 56% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Not a Risk 10% Religious motivated NoSomehow opinion 25% 1% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8% Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% 32% No opinion 8% 28% 23% 21%
Risk Politically Motivated No opinion K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4% Risk
K-Albanians Risk 27% 42% 41% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% % K-Albanians 20 Not a Risk 37% Politically motivated NoSomehow opinion 25% 4% 5% 3% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4% Figure 4 Gender perceptions on forms of violent extremism Risk such as: ethnically, politically and religious motivated % K-Albanians Risk 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% % From the ethnic perspective, the results once again showed K-Albanians 40 Not a Risk 50% Religious motivated that K-Serbs respondents were more predisposed to con- NoSomehow opinion 35% 4% sider ethnically motivated violence as a risk compared to Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4% K-Albanians respondents, who consider politically motivat- Risk ed violence as a main riskRisk of violent extremism. However, 40% the margin of difference between K-Albanians and K-Serbs K-Albanians 63% Figure 5 Ethnic perceptions on risks posed by violent K-Serbs Religious motivated Somehow 35% in this case are their perceptions towards religious moti- extremism such as: ethnically, politically and religiously Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 20% vated violence. For instance,Not a Risk 507% percent of K-Albanian re- Nomotivated opinion 4% spondents see religiousNo motivated opinion 0% violence as a low risk, in comparison with 10 percent of K-Serbs respondents who view religious motivatedRisk violence as a low risk for the coun- 56% try. K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1% 11
Agree 52% Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% 21% No opinion 8% AgreeSomehow52% 20% Disagree
21% 7% Somehow N/A
20% Risk Disagree
27% K-Albanians 7% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% N/A Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk Agree
% 36% K-Albanians 20 Kosovo institutions
Politically motivated Somehow 25% are ghting violent Somehow 26% Not a Risk 50% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 4% No opinion 6% Agree
Risk Kosovo institutions 36% Agree % are ghting violent K-Albanians 40 Somehow 26% Theextremism situation Disagree 29% 47% Religious motivated Somehow 35% remains the same No opinion 6% Not a Risk 20% Somehow 21% No opinion 4% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3% Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree 52% Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
21% Somehow Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinionAgree 6 % No opinionAgree 6 % 20% 31% 30% Disagree Prishtina Gjakova 7% Agree Agree
N/A Somehow37% 27 % Somehow36% 33 % Mitrovica Prizren Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinionAgree 6 % No opinionAgree 8 % 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren Agree Agree
Somehow47% 22 % Somehow40% 27 % Agree Gjilan Ferizaj Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Kosovo institutions 36% Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % are ghting violent Somehow 26% Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % extremism Disagree 29% No opinionAgree 7 % No opinionAgree 4 % No opinion 6% 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj Agree Agree Agree 38% Somehow37% 25 % Somehow 28 % Peja North The situation 47% Disagree 20 % DisagreeMitrovica 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 3% Agree Agree No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinionAgree 3 % No opinionAgree 6 % Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % 46% 46% Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Agree Agree
Somehow52% 22 % Somehow40% 24 % Mitrovica Prizren Agree Agree Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % 37% 36% No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % Mitrovica Prizren Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 %
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % No opinionAgree 3 % No opinionAgree 2 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % 52% 40% No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Mitrovica Prizren Agree Agree
Somehow52% 14 % Somehow50% 26 % Agree Agree Gjilan Ferizaj Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % 47% 40% No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 % Gjilan Ferizaj Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % No opinionAgree 1 % No opinionAgree 4 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % 52% 50% No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % Gjilan Ferizaj Agree Agree 44% Agree Agree Somehow54% 22 % Somehow 19 % Peja North Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % 37% 38% Mitrovica Peja North No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 % Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Agree Agree No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % 44% No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % 54% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Agree Prishtina Gjakova 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree Disagree Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % 7% 5% No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % No opinion No opinion Agree 26% Agree 27% Agree Agree Somehow 39% Somehow % 34% 28% 52% 40% 31 Mitrovica Prizren Disagree Disagree 7% 5% No opinion No opinion Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 % Risk 65%
15% RiskNot a risk65% 13% Less risk
15% 6% Agree Not a risk No opinion 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% 13% Disagree Disagree Less risk 7% 5% No opinion No opinion 6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% NoRisk opinion 9% NoNot opinion a risk 5%
Risk 65%
68% Risk Not a risk 15% 60% Not a risk
20% 13% 12% Less risk 68% 6% 60% No opinion Less risk No opinion
20% 12%
Less risk No opinion
Rural Urban
15% Risk 65% Risk 62% 11% 8% 5%
15% 11% 8% 5%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova Risk Not a risk
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinionRisk 5 % No opinionRisk 6 % 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova 68% 60% Risk Risk
Not a57 risk% 17 % Not 69a risk% 8 % LessMitrovica Risk 14 % LessPrizren Risk 16 % 20% No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % 12% Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinionRisk 10 % No opinionRisk 4 % Less risk No opinion 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren Risk Risk
Not a58 risk% 13 % Not a58 risk% 16 % Gjilan Ferizaj Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinionRisk 10 % No opinionRisk 7 % 15% 58% 58% 11% 8% 5% Gjilan Ferizaj Risk Risk 71% Not a69 risk% 14 % Not a risk 21 % Peja North Less Risk 16 % LessMitrovica Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinionRisk 1 % No opinionRisk 24 % 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % Risk Risk No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 % 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % YES 12% Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % NO 53%
Yes, supervision Risk Risk by the state 28% 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren No opinionYES 125%
NO 53% Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % Yes, supervision No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 % by the state 28%
No opinion 5% Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13% Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13%
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision NO 58% NO 53% by the state 28% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 5% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinionYES 5 % No opinionYES 2 % 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova YES YES
NO12 53% % NO14 51% % Yes, supervisionMitrovica by the state 31 % Yes, supervisionPrizren by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
NO 58 % NO 59 % Rural Urban Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinionYES 4 % No opinionYES 3 % YES 9% YES 13% 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren YES YES
NO13 58% % NO13 59% % Yes, supervisionGjilan by the state 26 % Yes, supervisionFerizaj by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinionYES 5 % No opinionYES 4 % NO 58% NO 53% 13% 13% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% Gjilan Ferizaj No opinion 6% No opinion 5% YES YES 12% NO15 55% % NO 45 % Peja North Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervisionMitrovica by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinionYES 4 % No opinionYES 5 % 15% 12% Peja North YES YES Mitrovica 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % 57% 49% Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No No No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % 27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% YES YES 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj 57% 49% No No
27% 31% NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % YESYES 36% 15% No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % 5% 9% 3% No opinion NO 30% No opinion
YES YES Yes, supervision by the state 28% 15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica No opinionYES 364%
NO 42 % NO 53 % NO 30% Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4%
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state YES by the state 15% YES YES 5% 9% 3% No opinion No opinion 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % YES 36% Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinionYES 5 % No opinionYES 0 % NO 30% 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova Yes, supervision by the state 28% YES YES
NO32 32% % NO38 16% % No opinion 4% Yes, supervisionMitrovica by the state 27 % Yes, supervisionPrizren by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinionYES 5 % No opinionYES 1 % 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren YES YES
NO36 36% % NO43 32% % Yes, supervisionGjilan by the state 26 % Yes, supervisionFerizaj by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinionYES 8 % No opinionYES 3 % 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj YES YES 13% NO39 27% % NO 26 % Peja North Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervisionMitrovica by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
NO 27 % NO 31 % YES YES Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % 36% 41% No opinionYES 4 % No opinionYES 17 % Prishtina Gjakova 39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % NO 27 % NO 31 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 % Rural Urban YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren YES 31% YES 38%
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % Rural Urban
YES 31% YES 38% YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% NO 27 % NO 26 % No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% 39% 13% Peja North No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
30% 33% No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion Rural Urban 30% 33% No No
YES 31% YES 38% 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% Trust 6% No opinion 34% No opinion 49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3% Trust NO 35% NO 28% % Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% Trust 49 Civil Society No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Don’t Trust 26% 29% Media Somehow 19% NoDon’t opinion Trust 3%34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2% Trust
29% Trust Media Don’t Trust 34% 55% Somehow 33% Religious Institutions NoDon’t opinion Trust 2%20%
30% 33% Somehow 20% No No No opinion 1% 29% 27% Trust Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 55% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Trust Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% 49% Prishtina Gjakova
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26%
Somehow 19% Media 26 % Media 34 % No opinion 3% Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Trust Prishtina Gjakova
29% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity
Media62 %26 % Media48% 34 % Media Don’t Trust 34% ReligiousMitrovica Institutions 55 % ReligiousPrizren Institutions 61 % Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Trust Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% 55% Mitrovica Prizren Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Somehow 20% Media47 %33 % Media55% 28 % No opinion 1% Gjilan Ferizaj Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Media 28 % MediaNorth 32 % 48% 56% Peja Prishtina Gjakova Religious Institutions 52 % ReligiousMitrovica Institutions 59 %
Media 29 % Media 17 % Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity
62% 48% Media 29 % Media 17 % Mitrovica Prizren Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Trust Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Trust 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj Citizen trust towards 57% Trust Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% Media 28 % Media 32 % of Kosovo Somehow 20% 76% Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Trust 51% 13% North Peja 76% Mitrovica Catholic Trust Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Media 29 % Media 17 % Church Somehow 8% 43% Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
Trust
43% Orthodox Trust Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% RTK 22% Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2% RTK 22% Trust Radio 2% 76% Other/Private TVs 44% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Online Media 19% Church Somehow 8% Newspapers 2% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media Radio 2% No opinion 5% Trust Online Media 19% 43% Orthodox Trust I got informed from my towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% 6% friends in social media Church Somehow 26%
No opinion 5%
RTK 22% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica Other/Private TVs 44% RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0% Newspapers 2%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31% Radio 2% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
Online Media 19% NewspapersRTK 1% 23% 1%22% 3% 25% 2% 20% 0% 24% 9% 45% 0%6%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media OtherRadio TV 1% 46% 3% 47% 3% 39% 2% 41% 0% 52% 0% 27% 3% 31%
No opinion 5%
OnlineNewspapers media 1% 20% 1% 16% 3%21% 2%14% 0%13% 9%18% 6% 48%
I got informed Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3% from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Pejain social mediaPrizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
32% 28% 23% 21%
Politically Motivated No opinion
42% 41%
3% 5%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
REPORT BY KCSS
1.1 Citizens Perception of Progress Made in Countering and Prevention of the Violent
Extremism (C/PVE) in Kosovo Agree 52% In Kosovo, the problem of violent extremism so far has been tackled mainly with the aim of preventing this phenomenon (PVE). Since the approval of the National CVE Strategy and Action plan, activities have mainly been focused on involve- 21% Somehow ment of the community in raising awareness of violent extremism and developing creative platforms for youth in 20% local level. However, in the past two years Kosovo Govern- Disagree ment has shifted their agenda from PVE to focusing mainly 7% on returned combats and non-combats from Syria and Iraq. N/A Related to the programs which are focused on rehabilita- tion of returned FTFs in 2018 the Government of Kosovo has created the division of re-integration of the returned for- Figure 6: Citizens perceptions: “If there are still individuals eign fighters and their family members. This program is set who are continuing to spread violent extremism in Kosovo” to be implemented with the support of ICITAP on behalf of the Ministry of Interior.5 Division has started to implement The KBS 2018 survey has asked respondents also whether some activities focused on returnees, as well as family they agree that the situation today regarding violent extrem- members of foreign fighters. ism has changed and alsoAgree whether the measures undertak- en by Kosovo institutions have provided positive results. In Kosovo institutions 36% However, in the question: “If there are still individuals who the first case, 48 percent of respondents believe that the are ghting violent Somehow 26% are continuing to spread violent extremism in Kosovo” citi- situation related to violent extremism remains the same to extremism Disagree 29% zens believe that there is evidence that radicalized individ- previous years, in comparisonNo opinion with 6% 26 of respondents who uals are still recruiting people from community to support disagree with this assessment. In the second case, 37 per- their ideology. For example, 52 percent of respondents cent of respondents consider that Kosovo institutions are agreed that radicalized individuals are influencing others to addressing the phenomenaAgree of violent extremism, while 30 support terrorist groups, while 20 percent of respondents percentThe of situation respondents disagree with this assessment. 47 % consider that there are no attempts that radicalized individ- remains the same Somehow 21% uals are continuing to spread violent extremism. Only, 21 nothing has changed Disagree 27% percent of considered that radicalized individuals are con- No opinion 3% tinuing to spread violent extremism in their community to some extent.
5 Newspaper Telegrafi “MPB themelon njesi per deradikalizmin e personave qe jane ne lufterat e huaja” 2018, Access on: https://telegrafi.com/mpb-themelon-njesi-per-deradikalizimin-e- personave-qe-jane-ne-lufterat-e-huaja/ Agree Agree 31% 30% 12 Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk
68% 60%
20% 12%
Less risk No opinion
15% 11% 8% 5%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13%
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion
YES 36%
NO 30%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4%
YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
Rural Urban
YES 31% YES 38%
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
30% 33% No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Trust
49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3%
Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Trust
55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Trust
Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Trust
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2%
Radio 2%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A risk 70% A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% 12% Somehow 30% No opinion 5% Somehow risk
13% A Threat Not a risk 23% 3% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% No opinion Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
A Threat
30% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4% 25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% 31% 25% 46% Somehow 30% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% 30% 29% 47% Religious motivated Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated 59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan 79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj 32% 28% 23% 21%
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica Politically Motivated No opinion
42% 41%
3% 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
32% 28% Risk 23% 21% % K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% Politically Motivated No opinion No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% 42% 41% No opinion 1%
3% 5% Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Risk Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0% K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% Risk No opinion 4% 56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Risk Not a Risk 10% 20% No opinion 1% K-Albanians
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% Risk No opinion 4%
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Risk Not a Risk 10% 40% No opinion 8% K-Albanians
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
20% K-Albanians Agree 52% Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4%
21% Risk Somehow
40% K-Albanians 20% Religious motivated Somehow 35% Disagree Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4% 7% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% Agree 52% No opinion 6%
Agree 21% The situation 47% Somehow remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed 20% Disagree 27% No opinion 3% Disagree
7% N/A
Kosovo Security Barometer 2018
Agree
36% Kosovo institutions Agree Agree are ghting violent Somehow 26% 31% 30% extremism Disagree 29% Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 6%
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Agree Agree Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren No opinion 3%
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % Figure 7 Citizen perceptions towards the situation on No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Violent Extremism in Kosovo 2018
The responses are also measured and divided based on Agree Agree a regional level In the graph below it can be seen that re- 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj spondents from Gjilan and Ferizaj were more predisposed to agree that Kosovo institutions have been focusing on is- Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % sues related with violent extremism, compared with other Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % regions such Prishtina and Mitrovica where respondents No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % consider that Kosovo Government has not worked much Agree Agree on fighting violent extremism. Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren Figure 8 Regional Perceptions on Kosovo institutions in fighting Violent Extremism according to National Strategy
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % for Preventing Violent Extremism in Kosovo Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 47% 40% 46% 46% Gjilan Ferizaj Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 38% 37% 52% 40% Peja North 13 Mitrovica Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % 31% 34% 28% Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % Disagree Disagree No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 % 7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% 13% No opinion 9% No opinion 5% Less risk
6% No opinion
Risk Not a risk
68% Rural Urban 60%
Risk 65% Risk 62% 20% 12%
Less risk No opinion
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
15% 11% 8% 5%
Risk Not a risk
68% 60%
20% 12%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova Less risk No opinion
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren 15% 11% 8% 5% Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
YES 12% Risk Risk 58% 58% NO 53% Gjilan Ferizaj Yes, supervision by the state 28%
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 5% No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13% YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
Rural Urban NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % YES 9% YES 13% No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova 15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % NO 42 % NO 53 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
57% 49% NO 55 % NO 45 % No No Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % 27% 31% No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% YES YES No opinion 9% No opinion 15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % YES 36% Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % NO 30%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4%
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion
YES 36%
NO 30% YES YES 36% 41% Yes, supervision Prishtina Gjakova by the state 28%
No opinion 4% NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova 39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % NO 27 % NO 31 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Rural Urban No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % YES 31% YES 38%
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% YES YES No opinion 6% No opinion 4% 39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
30% 33% No No Rural Urban 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 31% YES 38% YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Trust
49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% NO 35% NO 28% Somehow 19% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 3% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Trust 30% 33% No No 55%
29% 27% Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision Somehow 20% by the state YES by the state 33% No opinion 1% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Trust
49% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% 48% 56% Somehow 19% Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 3%
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity No opinion 2% 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Trust Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % 55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20%
No opinion 1% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Trust Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Trust Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % 76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica Trust
Media 29 % Media 17 % 43% Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
Trust RTK 22% Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% Other/Private TVs 44% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Newspapers 2%
Trust Radio 2%
76% Catholic Trust Online Media 19% towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Trust
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
RTK 22% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
Other/Private TVs 44% RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
% Newspapers 2 Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Radio 2% Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Online Media 19% Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48% No opinion 5%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina A risk 70%
31% 25% 46% 12% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica Somehow risk
13% Not a risk 30% 29% 47% 3% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan No opinion
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
A Threat
30% 59% 36% 63% Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat 26% 14% 38% 40% Prizren Prizren Prizren Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5% 32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% 79% 65% 65% No opinion 5% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
32% 28% 30% 29% 47% 23% 21% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
Politically Motivated No opinion
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
59% 36% 63% 42% 41% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
3% 5%
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj Risk
% K-Serbs 63 79% 65% 65% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% North North North Not a Risk 7% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1%
Risk
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated K-Serbs 56% Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
32% 28% 23% 21%
Risk
Politically Motivated No opinion K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
42% % 41% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% 3% 5% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1% Agree 52%
Risk
K-Serbs 56% 21% Religious motivated Somehow 25% Somehow Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8% 20% Disagree
7% N/A
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4% Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% Risk are ghting violent Somehow 26% % extremism Disagree 29% K-Albanians 20 No opinion 6% Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4% Agree
The situation 47% Risk remains the same Somehow 21% 40% K-Albanians nothing has changed Disagree 27% Religious motivated Somehow 35% No opinion 3% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova Agree 52%
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % 21% Somehow Agree Agree % 37% 36% 20 Mitrovica Prizren Disagree
7% Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % N/A Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % Agree No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Kosovo institutions 36% Agree Agree are ghting violent Somehow 26% % extremism Disagree 29% 37% 38 Peja North No opinion 6% Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % Agree No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 31% 30% Agree Agree Prishtina Gjakova 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Agree Agree Mitrovica Prizren 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 %
Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Agree Agree Gjilan Ferizaj 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 %
Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % REPORT BY KCSSNo opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
On the otherSomehow hand, 26 the % majority of citizensSomehow from38 % all the re- gions believeDisagree that 30 the % situation regardingDisagree the 20 % phenomena No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % of violent extremism is the same and little to nothing has improved. Fifty-four percent of respondents from Peja, Mi- trovica, Gjilan consider that situation with violent extrem- ism is the same today and nothing has changed in com- Agree parison with respondents from Prizren, North Mitrovica, 26% Agree 27% Somehow Somehow Prishtina and Gjakova who shared same views. 39% 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova Figure 10 Gender Perceptions on Kosovo institutions in fighting Violent Extremism according to National Strategy for Preventing Violent Extremism in Kosovo Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Risk 65% Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica 15%
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Not a risk Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 % 13% Less risk
6% Figure 9 Situation on violent extremism based on No opinion regions of Kosovo
14 Rural Urban Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow Somehow 39% Risk 65% Risk 62% 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk
68% 60%
20% 12%
Risk 65% Less risk No opinion
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% 15% 11% 8% 5% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5% Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % Risk Not a risk No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj 68% 60% Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % 20% No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 % 12%
Risk Risk 69% 71% Less risk No opinion Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
15% 11% 8% 5%
YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % Rural Urban No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 % YES 9% YES 13%
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
NO 58% NO 53% Risk Risk Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 % YES 12%
NO 53% YES YES
Yes, supervision 12% 14% by the state 28% Mitrovica Prizren
No opinion 5% NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica Rural Urban
NO 42 % NO 53 % YES 9% YES 13% Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% YES YES 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % YES 36% No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 % NO 30%
Yes, supervision YES YES by the state 28% 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren No opinion 4%
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % 57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision YES YES by the state YES by the state 15% 36% 43% 5% 3% Gjilan Ferizaj No opinion 9% No opinion
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 % YES 36%
NO 30% YES YES
Yes, supervision 39% 13% by the state 28% Peja North Mitrovica
No opinion 4% NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
Rural Urban
YES 31% YES 38%
NO 35% NO 28% YES YES Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% 36% 41% No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
30% 33% No No NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Trust Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % 49% No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 % Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% YES YES No opinion 3% 39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica Trust
NO 27 % NO 31 % 29% Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % Media Don’t Trust 34% No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 % Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Trust
55%
Rural Urban Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% YES 31% YES 38% No opinion 1%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity NO 35% NO 28% 48% 56% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % % 33% 30 Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 5% 34% 6% No opinion No opinion 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Trust
49% Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Somehow 19% 51% 13% No opinion 3% Peja North Mitrovica
Trust Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % 29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Trust Trust 55% Citizen trust towards 57% Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% Somehow 20% of Kosovo Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Media 26 % Media 34 % Trust Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % 43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Newspapers 2% Gjilan Ferizaj
Radio 2% Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity friends in social media 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica No opinion 5%
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Trust
Citizen trust towards 57% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Trust Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6% 76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% % % % % % % % Church Somehow 8% Radio 1 3 3 2 0 0 3
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
Trust I got informed 43% from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% Orthodox Trust in social media towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2%
Radio 2%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5% A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated Not a risk
3% 25% 16% 33% No opinion Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% 30% 29% 47% Somehow 33% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan No opinion 4%
A Threat 23% 19% 41% 40% Peja Peja Peja Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
59% 36% 63% A Threat Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5% 26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% 79% 65% 65% North North North Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
32% 59% 36% 63% 28% 23% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova 21%
Politically Motivated No opinion
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 25% 40% 42% 41% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
3% 5%
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1% 32% 28% 23% 21% Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Politically Motivated No opinion Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
42% 41%
5% 3% Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Risk Not a Risk 50% % No opinion 4% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% Risk No opinion 0% % K-Albanians 40 Religious motivated Risk Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% 56% No opinion 4% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Agree 52%
Risk 21% Somehow K-Albanians 27% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% 20% Not a Risk 37% Disagree No opinion 4% 7% N/A Risk
% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4%
Risk
40% K-Albanians Agree Religious motivated Somehow 35% 36% Not a Risk 20% Kosovo institutions No opinion 4% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree 52%
21% Somehow
20% Disagree Agree Agree 7% 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova N/A
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren Agree
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % 36% Kosovo institutions Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % are ghting violent Somehow 26% No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6% Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj Agree
47% The situation Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % remains the same Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % Somehow 21% No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Agree Agree Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % 46% 46% No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Agree Agree Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % 37% 36% No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Agree Agree Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % 52% 40% No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Agree Agree Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % 47% 40% No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 % Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Agree Agree Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % 52% 50% No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Agree Agree Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % 38% 37% No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 % Peja North Mitrovica
Agree Agree Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % 44% Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % 54% Peja North No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Agree Agree Disagree Disagree 52% 40% 7% 5% Mitrovica Prizren No opinion No opinion
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Agree Less risk 26% Agree 27% CHAPTER Somehow % Somehow / 39 2 31% 34% 28% 6% Disagree Disagree No opinion 7% 5% No opinion No opinion HAVE THE COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS ON RETURNED FOREIGN FIGHTERS CHANGED?
This part of the report addresses these questions and per- Rural Urban ceptions of (i) risks from returned former fighters (ii) com- munity willingness to perceive returned male fighters and Risk 65% Risk 62% women and minors in their community. The data are cat- egorized on gender, zones and regions. The results show that there is a lack of readiness from Kosovo communities to accept returned former fighters and reintegrate them in local level. Statistically, only 65 percent of respondents stated that these individuals represent a risk for the nation- al security, and only 16 percent added any risk posed by the Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% returnees. Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Figure 12 Citizens perception towards foreign fighters as a security risk divided rural/urban areas
Another interesting insight offered on risks posed by re- turned foreignRisk fighters is the difference perceptionsNot a risk based Risk 65% on the gender. Majority or 68 percent of women respon- dents consider that returned former fighters pose a real threat for a national security in comparison to 60 percent 15% of men respondents who share those assessments. Only 68% Not a risk 20 percent of men 60respondents% stated that returned former fighters do not pose any risk for Kosovo while 12 percent 13% Less risk of women respondents held the same views. Consequently,20% 12% Kosovo institutions must include gender awareness on se- 6% curity issues and strengthening the role of women in formal No opinion and informal mechanisms to prevent violent extremism. Less risk No opinion This is obvious even in the National Strategy for Preventing violent extremism where women are only mentioned once, Figure 11 Citizens perception towards foreign fighters as a at the end of the Strategy.6 security risk in 2018
Rural Urban 6 Strategy on prevention of violent extremism and radicalization leading to terrorism 2015-202 http://www.kryeministri-ks.net/ % % repository/docs/STRATEGY_parandalim_-_ENG.pdf Risk 65 Risk 62 15% 11% 8% 5% 15
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova Risk Not a risk
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
68% 60% Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren 20% 12% Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 % Less risk No opinion
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
15% 11% 8% 5% Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova YES 12%
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % NO 53% No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % Yes, supervision by the state 28%
Risk Risk No opinion 5% 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Rural Urban Risk Risk 69% 71% YES 9% YES 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28% YES YES No opinion 5% 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
Rural Urban YES YES 13% 13% YES 9% YES 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
57% 49% No No YES YES 27% 31% 12% 14% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision Mitrovica Prizren by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 9% 3% NO 58 % NO 59 % No opinion No opinion Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES 36% YES YES 13% 13% NO 30% Gjilan Ferizaj Yes, supervision by the state 28%
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 4% No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
57% 49% No No NO 32 % NO 16 % 27% 31% Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
YES 36% NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % NO 30% No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % Yes, supervision by the state 28%
YES YES No opinion 4% 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
YES YES Rural Urban 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova YES 31% YES 38%
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% NO 36 % NO 32 % No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 % 30% 33% No No
29% 27% YES YES Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state YES by the state 39% 13% 33% Peja North 5% 6% Mitrovica No opinion 34% No opinion
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 % Trust
49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3% Rural Urban
YES 31% YES 38% Trust 29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Trust
55% NO 35% NO 28% Religious Institutions Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% Don’t Trust 20% No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% 30% 33% Prishtina Gjakova No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision Media 26 % Media 34 % by the state by the state Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren Trust
49% Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Trust Gjilan Ferizaj 29% Media Don’t Trust 34% Media 28 % Media 32 % Somehow 33% Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % No opinion 2%
Trust Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% 55% Peja North Mitrovica Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1% Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Trust Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Citizen trust towards 57% Prishtina Gjakova Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
Trust
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 76% Catholic Trust 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
Trust
43% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Orthodox Trust 47% 55% towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Gjilan Ferizaj Church Somehow 26%
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity RTK 22 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica Other/Private TVs 44%
Media 29 % Media 17 % Newspapers 2% Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Radio 2%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media Trust
Citizen trust towards 57% No opinion 5%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Trust
43% Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
RTK 22% Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
Other/Private TVs 44% I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media Newspapers 2%
Radio 2%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A risk 70% A Threat 23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% 12% No opinion 5% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
A Threat
30% % % % Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% 31 25 46 Somehow 33% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica No opinion 4%
A Threat 30% 29% 47% 40% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
23% 19% 41% A Threat Peja Peja Peja
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5% 59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% 32% 25% 40% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
31% 25% 46% 79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
32% 26% 14% 38% 28% 23% Prizren Prizren Prizren 21%
Politically Motivated No opinion
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
79% 65% 65% North North North 42% 41% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
3% 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
32% Risk 28% 23% 56% 21% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1% Politically Motivated No opinion
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8% 42% 41%
3% 5%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% Risk No opinion 4%
% K-Serbs 63 Risk Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% % Not a Risk 7% K-Albanians 20 No opinion 0% Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4% Risk
56% K-Serbs Risk Politically motivated Somehow 32% % Not a Risk 10% K-Albanians 40 No opinion 1% Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4% Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Risk Agree 52% K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4% 21% Somehow Risk
% 20% K-Albanians 20 Disagree Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% 7% No opinion 4% N/A
Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% Agree 52% No opinion 3%
21% Somehow
20% Disagree
7% N/A
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % Agree No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Kosovo institutions 36% Agree Agree are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren No opinion 6%
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % Agree No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% Agree Agree nothing has changed Disagree 27% 47% 40% No opinion 3% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Agree Agree Mitrovica Prizren 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Agree Agree Gjilan Ferizaj 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Agree Agree Peja North Mitrovica 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow Somehow Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % 39% % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % 31% 34 28% Disagree No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 % Disagree 7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Risk 65%
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow Somehow 39% 15% 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree Not a risk
7% 5% No opinion No opinion 13% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5% Risk 65%
15% Risk Not a risk Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% 68% No opinion 60%
20% 12%
Less risk No opinion Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
15% 11% 8% 5%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% REPORT BY KCSS Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova 68% 60% Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % 20% No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % 12%
Risk Risk 57% 69% Less risk No opinion Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj 15% 11% 8% 5%
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % Figure 13 Gender Perceptions towards returned FTFs as a No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 % security risk
Data based on regions shows that most of the regions con- Risk Risk sider returned former fighters as main risk for national se- 69% 71% Peja North curity. For example, 71 percent of respondents from North Mitrovica Mitrovica believe that these individuals pose a risk for the Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % country, in comparison with respondents from Prizren, Peja Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % and Gjakova which shared same assessments about the No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 % returned formerRisk fighters. Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova Figure 14 Citizen Perceptions divided by regions towards returned FTFs as a security risk
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk YES 12% 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28% Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 5% No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% 16 Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % Rural Urban No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 % YES 9% YES 13%
YES 12% NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% NO 53% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren Rural Urban NO 58 % NO 59 % YES 9% YES 13% Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % NO 58% NO 53% No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % 57% 49% Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No No No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % 27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% YES YES 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % YES 36% Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % NO 30%
Yes, supervision YES YES by the state 28% 15% 12% Peja North No opinion 4% Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision YES YES by the state by the state YES 15% 36% 41% 5% 3% Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 9% No opinion
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % YES 36%
NO 30% YES YES Yes, supervision 32% 38% by the state 28% Mitrovica Prizren
No opinion 4% NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % Rural Urban No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % YES 31% YES 38%
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
NO 35% NO 28% YES YES Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% 36% 43% No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica 30% 33% No No NO 27 % NO 31 % 29% 27% Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 % by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Rural Urban Trust
49% YES 31% YES 38% Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3%
Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% NO 35% NO 28% Somehow 33% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 2% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
Trust
55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
30% 33% No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state YES by the state 33% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Trust
49% Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Somehow 19% 62% 48% No opinion 3% Mitrovica Prizren
Trust Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % 29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity No opinion 2% 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Trust
55% Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Trust
Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity of Kosovo Somehow 20% 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Trust Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % 76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Trust Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % 43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2%
Trust Radio 2%
Citizen trust towards 57% Online Media 19% Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5% Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Trust
43% Orthodox Trust Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
RTK 22% Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Other/Private TVs 44% Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Newspapers 2% Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
Radio 2% I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% Online Media 19% in social media I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% A risk % 70 Not a risk
3% No opinion 12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
% A Threat 3 No opinion 30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat A Threat 40% Politically motivated 30% Not a threat 34% Ethnicaly motivated SomehowNot a threat 30% 20% NoSomehow opinion 33% 5% No opinion 4%
A Threat A Threat 23% Religious motivated 40% Not a threat 46% Politically motivated SomehowNot a threat 24% 34% NoSomehow opinion 30% 5% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% Ethnicaly Motivated ReligiousNo opinion Motivated 5% Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated 31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica 32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 32% 28% 23% 21%
Politically Motivated No opinion
32% 28% 23% 21%
42% 41% Politically Motivated No opinion
3% 5%
42% 41%
3% 5%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk Risk 56% K-Serbs 63% PoliticallyK-Serbs motivated Somehow 32% Ethnicaly motivated NotSomehow a Risk 30%10% NoNot opinion a Risk 7% 1% No opinion 0%
Risk Risk K-Serbs 56% 56% K-Serbs Religious motivated Somehow 25% Politically motivated NotSomehow a Risk 32%10% NoNot opinion a Risk 10% 8% No opinion 1%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8% Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk Risk % K-Albanians 20 K-Albanians 27% Politically motivated Somehow 25% Ethnicaly motivated NotSomehow a Risk 30%50% NoNot opinion a Risk 37% 4% No opinion 4%
Risk Risk % K-Albanians 40 % K-Albanians 20 Religious motivated Somehow 35% Politically motivated NotSomehow a Risk 25%20% NoNot opinion a Risk 50% 4% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Agree 52%
21% Somehow
20% Agree % 52 Disagree
7% N/A 21% Somehow
20% Disagree
7% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree
KosovoThe situationinstitutions 3647% remains the same are ghting violent Somehow 21%26% nothingextremism has changed Disagree 27%29% No opinion 3%6%
Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina37% Gjakova36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica47% Prizren40% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % SomehowDisagree 33 25 % % SomehowDisagree 27 28 % % NoDisagree opinion 20 6 %% NoDisagree opinion 26 8 %% No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan37% Ferizaj38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % SomehowDisagree 20 26 % % SomehowDisagree 26 38 % % NoDisagree opinion 30 7 %% NoDisagree opinion 20 4 %% No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina52% Gjakova40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica52% Prizren50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % SomehowDisagree 29 22 % % SomehowDisagree 30 19 % % NoDisagree opinion 24 3 %% NoDisagree opinion 26 2 %% No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan54% Ferizaj44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % SomehowDisagree 24 17 % % SomehowDisagree 26 31 % % NoDisagree opinion 24 1 %% NoDisagree opinion 17 4 %% No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Risk % 65 Less risk
6% No opinion 15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% Rural Urban No opinion
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
68% 60%
Risk Not a risk 20% 12%
Less risk No opinion 68% 60%
20% 12%
Less risk No opinion 15% 11% 8% 5%
15% 11% 8% 5%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina57% Gjakova69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % LessNot a Risk risk 1314 % LessNot a Risk risk 16 % NoLess opinion Risk 17 5 % NoLess opinion Risk 9 6 %% No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica58% Prizren58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % LessNot a Risk risk 1417 % NotLess a Riskrisk 21 9 %% NoLess opinion Risk 16 10 %% NoLess opinion Risk 11 4 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan69% Ferizaj71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Risk Kosovo SecurityRisk Barometer 2018 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
2.1 Community Response YES 12%
towards Returned Male NO 53%
Fighters who joined in Syria Yes, supervision and Iraq Conflict by the state 28% No opinion 5%
The latest report on “Accounting for the difference: vul- YES 12% nerability and resilience to violent extremism in Kosovo” concluded that effective preventive programs must primary NO 53% focus on local capacities and building partnerships for PVE Yes, supervision 28% and community resilience to violent extremism. In partic- by the state ular, the data presented on this report confirms that it is No opinion 5% necessarily to identify the factors that make communities vulnerable or resilient on violent extremism.7 For this pur- pose, it is very important to analyze perceptions of Kosovo citizens to understand if they would accept returned former fighters in their community. Such perceptions, help usto Figure 15 Community perceptions accepting FTFs on their neighborhood understand how institutions, civil society and donor com- munity should be concentrated on local initiatives with KBS data alsoRural show that depending on Urbantheir background communities. communities in Kosovo are more or less hesitant to accept YES 9% YES 13% former foreign fighters in community. For this purpose, we The data collected shows that 53 percent of respondents analyzed this result also based on the rural urban and re- would not accept returned former fighters in their commu- gional perspective. The data shows that rural respondents nity while 28 percent of respondents consider that they were more hesitant to accept FTFs compare to urban ones. would accept these individuals under the condition that they are placed on law enforcement oversight. In the other Rural Urban hand, 12 percent of the respondents said that they do not have a problem at all with their presence in their communi- YES 9% YES 13% ties According to respondents, male former fighters pose NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% a higher risk since they have been directly on the battle- No opinion 6% No opinion 5% ground.
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% YES YES 10% 10% Figure 16 CitizensPrishtina willingness to acceptGjakova returned male fighters by zones (rural/urban )
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 % 7 Jakupi.R & Kraja.G “Accounting for the Difference: Vulnerability and Resilience to Violent Extremism in Kosovo”, October 2018,http://www.qkss.org/repository/docs/CTR_CaseStudy3_ YES YES YES YES kosovo_ENG_574166.pdf 10% 10% Prishtina12% Gjakova14% Mitrovica Prizren 17
NO 53 % NO 51 % NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica13% Prizren13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervisionNO 55by %the state 26 % Yes, supervisionNO 45by %the state 23 % Yes, supervisionNo opinion by the 4 % state 26 % Yes, supervisionNo opinion by the 3 % state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan15% Ferizaj12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 55 % NO 45 % NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion
57% 49% No YES 36% No 27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision NO 30% by the state by the state YES 15% 5% Yes, supervision 3% No opinion by the9% state 28% No opinion
No opinion 4%
YES 36%
NO 30%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4%
YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina32% Gjakova38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 32 % NO 16 % NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica36% Prizren43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervisionNO 27by %the state 26 % Yes, supervisionNO 26by %the state 28 % Yes, supervisionNo opinion by the 5 % state 28 % Yes, supervisionNo opinion by the 1 % state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan39% Ferizaj13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 26 % NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Rural Urban Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 % YES 31% YES 38%
Rural Urban
YES 31% YES 38%
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
30% 33% No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
30% 33% No No
29% Trust 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state49% YES 33% Civil Society5% Don’t Trust 26% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion Somehow 19% No opinion 3%
Trust Trust 29% 49% Media Don’t Trust 34% Civil Society SomehowDon’t Trust 33% 26% NoSomehow opinion 19% 2% No opinion 3%
Trust Trust 55% 29% Religious Institutions Media Don’t Trust 20% SomehowDon’t Trust 20% 34% NoSomehow opinion 33% 1% No opinion 2%
Trust
55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% Civil Soceity No opinion 1% Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina62% Gjakova48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 26 % Media 34 % ReligiousMedia Institutions 33 % 55 % ReligiousMedia Institutions 28 % 61 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica47% Prizren55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 33 % Media 28 % ReligiousMedia Institutions 28 % 66 % ReligiousMedia Institutions 32 % 46 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan51% Ferizaj13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 28 % Media 32 % ReligiousMedia Institutions 29 % 52 % ReligiousMedia Institutions 17 % 59 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 29 % Trust Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Trust
76% CitizenCatholic trust Trusttowards 57% Islamic Community towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15%21% ofChurch Kosovo Somehow 8%20%
Trust
4376% OrthodoxCatholic TrustTrust towardstowards the Orthodox Catholic Don't Trust 28%15% Church Somehow 26%8%
Trust
43% Orthodox TrustRTK 22% towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2%
Radio 2% RTK 22%
Online Media 19% Other/Private TVs 44% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media Newspapers 2%
No opinion 5% Radio 2%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0% Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31% Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
NewspapersI got informed 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6% from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
A risk 70%
12% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated Somehow risk
13% 25% 16% 33% Not a risk Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
3% No opinion
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
A Threat 30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan 30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4% 23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% 59% 36% 63% No opinion 5% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
A Threat
23% Religious motivated 26% 14% 38% Not a threat 46% Prizren Prizren Prizren Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated 79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica 25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
32% 28% 23% 21%
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova Politically Motivated No opinion
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
42% 41%
32% 25% 40% 5% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj 3%
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1%
Risk 32% 28% K-Serbs 56% 23% 21% Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8% Politically Motivated No opinion
42% 41% Risk
K-Albanians 27% 3% 5% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4% Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Risk Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% % K-Albanians 40 Not a Risk 7% Religious motivated No opinion 0% Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4% Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Agree 52%
21% Somehow
Risk 20% K-Albanians 27% Disagree Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% 7% Not a Risk 37% N/A No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4%
Agree Risk Kosovo institutions 36% % K-Albanians 40 are ghting violent Somehow 26% Religious motivated Somehow 35% extremism Disagree 29% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree 52%
21% Somehow Agree Agree 20% 31% 30% Disagree Prishtina Gjakova
7% Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % N/A Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % Agree No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% Agree Agree extremism Disagree 29% 47% 40% No opinion 6% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Agree Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% Agree Agree No opinion 3% 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 38% 37% Agree Agree Peja North Mitrovica 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova Agree 26% 27% Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Agree Somehow % Somehow Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % 39 31% 34% 28% No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% Agree 26% Agree 27% No opinion Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk
Risk 65%
68% 60% 15%
Not a risk 20% 12% 13% Less risk
6% Less risk No opinion No opinion
Rural Urban 15% 11% 8% 5%
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5% Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Risk Not a risk Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren 68% 60%
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % 20% No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 % 12%
Risk Risk Less risk No opinion 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% 15% Peja North 11% 8% 5% Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Risk Risk YES 12% 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova NO 53%
Yes, supervision Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % by the state 28% Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 5%
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % Rural Urban No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
YES 9% YES 13% Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES 12%
NO 53% YES YES Yes, supervision 28% 10% 10% by the state Prishtina Gjakova
No opinion 5% NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13% NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES REPORT BY KCSS 15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6% No opinion 5% Most communities in Kosovo have expressed their opin- Perceptions based on gender towards male fighters shows ions about male fighters, in most of the regions of Kosovo that 57 percent of women respondents would not accept they stated that they would not accept them in their neigh- former fighters in their community in comparison with 49 borhood. of men respondents who shared same assessment on re- turned FTFs.
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % 57% 49% No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 % No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES YES YES 15% 5% 3% 12% 14% No opinion 9% No opinion Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Figure 18 Gender Perceptions to accept returned former Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % fightersYES in 36 their% neighborhood No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
NO 30% YES YES 2.2 CommunityYes, supervision Response by the state 28% 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj towards Returned Women and MinorsNo opinion 4% who joined in NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % Syria and Iraq Conflict No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % In addition to FTFs the respondents were asked also if they are willing to accept returned women and minors in their YES YES community. The following figure shows that in this case 12% 15% responders have shared more positive attitudes compare Peja North Mitrovica to FTF. According to respondents, women and minors have been mostly pushed and threatened by their husband or fa- NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % ther to take the decision to join in the area of the conflict. No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % Hence, 36 percent of respondents stated that they would accept returned women and minors in their community
Figure 17 Citizens willingness to accept returned male while another 28 percent stated that they would accept if fighters by regions they were to supervise by state institutions. Nevertheless, also in this case about 30 percent of respondents stated that they would not accept women and minors in their com- munity, which is a considerably high percentage.
YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % 57% 49% No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % 18 No No 27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES YES YES 15% 5% 3% 32% 38% No opinion 9% No opinion Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % YES 36% No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
NO 30% YES YES Yes, supervision by the state 28% 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj No opinion 4%
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
Rural Urban
YES 31% YES 38% YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
30% 33% NO 27 % NO 26 % No No Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % 29% 27% No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 % Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 34% 6% YES YES No opinion No opinion
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Trust Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 % 49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3%
Trust Rural Urban 29%
YES 31% YES 38% Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Trust
55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% NO 35% NO 28% No opinion 1% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
30% 33% Media 26 % Media 34 % No No Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity No opinion 34% No opinion 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Trust Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity No opinion 3% 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Trust Media 28 % Media 32 % 29% Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica Trust
55% Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Trust
Citizen trust towards 57% Islamic Community Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Church Somehow 8% 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Trust 43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica Newspapers 2%
% Media 29 % Media 17 % Radio 2 Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5% Trust
Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Trust
76% Catholic Trust Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8% RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31% Trust
43% Orthodox Trust Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6% towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
RTK 22% I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2%
Radio 2%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A risk % 70 A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% 12% Somehow 30% No opinion 5% Somehow risk
% 13 A Threat Not a risk 23% 3% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% No opinion Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
A Threat
30% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4% 25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% 31% 25% 46% Somehow 30% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% 30% 29% 47% Religious motivated Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated 59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan 79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj 32% 28% 23% 21%
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica Politically Motivated No opinion
42% 41%
3% 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
32% 28% Risk 23% 21% % K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% Politically Motivated No opinion No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% 42% 41% No opinion 1%
3% 5% Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Risk Not a Risk 7% % No opinion 0% K-Albanians 27 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% Risk No opinion 4% 56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Risk Not a Risk 10% 20% No opinion 1% K-Albanians Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% Risk No opinion 4%
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Risk Not a Risk 10% 40% No opinion 8% K-Albanians Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
20% K-Albanians Agree 52% Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4%
21% Risk Somehow
40% K-Albanians 20% Religious motivated Somehow 35% Disagree Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4% 7% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% Agree 52% No opinion 6%
Agree 21% The situation 47% Somehow remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed 20% Disagree 27% No opinion 3% Disagree
7% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% Agree Agree are ghting violent Somehow 26% 31% 30% extremism Disagree 29% Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 6%
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Agree Agree Somehow 21% nothing has changed 37% 36% Disagree 27% Mitrovica Prizren No opinion 3%
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 47% 40% 46% 46% Gjilan Ferizaj Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 38% 37% 52% 40% Peja North Mitrovica Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow % Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % 31% 34 28% Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % Disagree Disagree No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 % 7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% 13% No opinion 9% No opinion 5% Less risk
6% No opinion
Risk Not a risk
68% Rural Urban 60%
Risk 65% Risk 62% 20% 12%
Less risk No opinion
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
15% 11% 8% 5%
Risk Not a risk
68% 60%
20% 12%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova Less risk No opinion
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren 15% 11% 8% 5% Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
YES 12% Risk Risk 58% 58% NO 53% Gjilan Ferizaj Yes, supervision by the state 28%
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 5% No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13% YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
Rural Urban NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % YES 9% YES 13% No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova 15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 53 % NO 51 % NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
57% 49% NO 55 % NO 45 % No No Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % 27% 31% No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% YES YES No opinion 9% No opinion
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % YES 36% Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % NO 30%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4%
57% 49% No No Kosovo Security Barometer 2018 27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion
YES 36%
YES YES NO 30% 36% 41% Yes, supervision Prishtina Gjakova by the state 28%
No opinion 4% NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES Figure 19 Community perceptions to accept Women and 36% 43% Minors in their neighborhood Gjilan Ferizaj
However, it is very important to measure the perceptions NO 27 % NO 26 % of citizens in relation to the category of returned women Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % and minors from the regional aspect because the commu- No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 % nity can play an extraordinarily positive role in their reha- YES YES bilitation programs. Based on the perspectives of Kosovo YES YES 36% 41% municipalities,Prishtina up to 40 percent of respondentsGjakova stated that 39% 13% Peja North they would accept women and minors in their community, Mitrovica compared withNO 59 32 %percent of respondentsNO 16 who % stated that NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % they would not accept male fighters in their community. Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % For instance, Ferizaj (43 percent) and Gjakova (41 percent) No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 % were more accepting towards women and minors in com- parison to maleYES foreign fighters. AccordingYES to respondents 32% 38% Figure 20 Regions perception to accept Women and Minors from Prizren municipalityMitrovica they would notPrizren accept male fight- in their community ers in their community. In most of the regions there were positive perceptionsNO 36 % to accept male fightersNO 32 % in their com- Rural Urban munityYes, under supervision the by supervisionthe state 26 % byYes, the supervision state by authorities.the state 28 % For No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % example, 30 percent of respondents from North Mitrovica YES 31% YES 38% would accept male fighters in their community under the supervision by YESthe state. YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% YES YES No opinion 6% No opinion 4% 39% 13% Peja North 19 Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
30% 33% No No Rural Urban 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 31% YES 38% YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Trust
49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% NO 35% NO 28% Somehow 19% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 3% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
Trust 30% 33% 55% No No 29% 27% Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision Somehow 20% by the state YES by the state 33% No opinion 1% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Trust
49% Civil Society Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Don’t Trust 26% 48% 56% Somehow 19% Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 3%
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity No opinion 2% 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Trust Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % 55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Media 33 % Media 28 % Trust Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Trust Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % 76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica Trust
Media 29 % Media 17 % 43% Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
Trust RTK 22% Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% Other/Private TVs 44% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Newspapers 2%
Trust Radio 2%
76% Catholic Trust Online Media 19% towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Trust
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
RTK 22% Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0% Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2% Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Radio 2% Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Online Media 19% Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48% No opinion 5%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% A risk 70% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
12% 23% Somehow risk Religious motivated Not a threat 46% 13% Somehow 24% No opinion 5% Not a risk
3% No opinion
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
A Threat 25% 16% 33% 30% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
31% 25% 46% A Threat Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% 30% 29% 47% No opinion 5% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% 23% 19% 41% Somehow 24% Peja Peja Peja No opinion 5%
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated 26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren 25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj 31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica 30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
59% 36% 63% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 28% 23% 21%
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj Politically Motivated No opinion
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
42% 41%
3% 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30%
32% Not a Risk 7% 28% No opinion 0% 23% 21%
Risk
56% Politically Motivated No opinion K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1%
Risk
K-Serbs 56% 42% 41% Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% 5% 3% No opinion 8%
Risk
Risk K-Albanians 27%
% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% K-Serbs 63 Not a Risk 37% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% No opinion 4% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0% Risk
% Risk K-Albanians 20
56% Politically motivated Somehow 25% K-Serbs Not a Risk 50% Politically motivated Somehow 32% No opinion 4% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1% Risk
% Risk K-Albanians 40 Religious motivated K-Serbs 56% Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% Religious motivated Somehow 25% No opinion 4% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4% Agree 52%
Risk
20% K-Albanians 21% Politically motivated Somehow 25% Somehow Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4% 20% Disagree
Risk 7%
% N/A K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree Agree % 52 The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3% 21% Somehow
20% Disagree
7% N/A
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % are ghting violent Somehow 26% No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren Agree
The situation 47% Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % remains the same Somehow 21% Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3%
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Agree Agree Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % 31% 30% Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Agree Agree Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % 46% 46% No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Prishtina Gjakova
Agree Agree Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Agree Agree Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % 52% 40% No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % Mitrovica Prizren
Agree Agree Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % 37% 38% No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 % Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Agree Agree Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % 52% 50% No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Agree Agree Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % 46% 46% Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 % Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Agree Agree Disagree Disagree 52% 50% 7% 5% Gjilan Ferizaj No opinion No opinion
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% 27% Agree Risk 65% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion 15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Risk 65% Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk Risk Not a risk
6% No opinion
68% 60%
20% 12% Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62% Less risk No opinion
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% 15% 11% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% 8% 5% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk
68% 60% Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova 20% 12% Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % Less risk No opinion
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
15% 11% 8% 5% Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Risk Risk Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % 62% 68% Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
YES 12%
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % NO 53% No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 % Yes, supervision by the state 28%
Risk Risk No opinion 5% 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13%
YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28% NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 5% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
Rural Urban YES YES 12% 14% YES 9% YES 13% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29%
No opinion 6% No opinion 5% NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
YES YES NO 42 % NO 53 % 10% 10% Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
57% 49% YES YES No No 13% 13% 27% 31% Gjilan Ferizaj Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% NO 55 % NO 45 % No opinion 9% No opinion Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES 36% YES YES 12% 15% NO 30% Peja North Mitrovica Yes, supervision by the state 28% NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4% No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova YES 36%
NO 32 % NO 16 % NO 30% Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 % Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4% YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
YES YES NO 27 % NO 31 % 36% 41% Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % Prishtina Gjakova No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES Rural Urban 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren YES 31% YES 38%
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% REPORT BY KCSS Gjilan Ferizaj NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% NO 27 % NO 26 % No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
The data collectedYES shows that one of the YEScrucial challenges of the reintegration39% efforts of returned foreign13% fighters is to Peja North raise awareness about the importance Mitrovicaand the responsibil- ity of institutions and society to assist in the rehabilitation NO 27 % NO 31 % of the returnees. Statistics show that that most of the wom- Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % en and minorsNo opinion are 4still % in the conflictNo opinionareas 17 %or camps but 30% 33% they want to be back in Kosovo. Moreover, recent research No No suggests that women and minors play a significant role in 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision carrying forward the ideology and legacy of IS even after by the state by the state YES 33% the physical fall of so called ‘Caliphate’.8 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion Rural Urban Figure 22 Gender Perceptions to accept returned women YES 31% YES 38% and minors in their community Trust
49%
Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3%
Trust NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 4% Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% Figure 21 Citizens perceptions divided on rural/urban areas No opinion 2% to accept returned women/minors in community
Trust
55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1% 30% 33% No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova Trust
% 49 Media 26 % Media 34 % 8 Cook, Joana and Gina Vale. 2018. “From Daesh to ‘Diaspora’: Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Tracing the Women and Minors of Islamic State.” International Somehow 19% Centre for the Study and Radicalization (ICSR), Department of War Studies, King’s College,No opinion p.3. 3% 2018. https://icsr.info/ wp-content/uploads/2018/07/ICSR-Report-From-Daesh-to- %E2%80%98Diaspora%E2%80%99-Tracing-the-Women-and- Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Minors-of-Islamic-State.pdfTrust 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren 29% 20 Media Don’t Trust 34% Media 33 % Media 28 % Somehow 33% Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % No opinion 2%
Trust Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 55% 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1% Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Media 29 % Media 17 % % % 48 56 Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Prishtina Gjakova
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Trust 62% 48% 57% Mitrovica Prizren Citizen trust towards Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
Trust Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 76% 47% 55% Catholic Trust Gjilan Ferizaj towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Trust
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 43% Orthodox Trust 51% 13% Peja North towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Mitrovica Church Somehow 26%
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44% Trust Newspapers 2% Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% Radio 2% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my Trust 6% friends in social media 76% Catholic Trust No opinion 5% towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Trust
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
RTK 22% Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Other/Private TVs 44% Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Newspapers 2%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3% Radio 2%
Online media % % % % % % % Online Media 19% 20 16 21 14 13 18 48
I got informed from my I got informed 6% friends in social media from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
32% 28% 23% 21%
Politically Motivated No opinion
42% 41%
3% 5%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs Politically motivated Somehow 32% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 1%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 20
Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Agree 52%
21% Somehow
20% Disagree
7% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Risk 65%
15% Not a risk
13% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk
68% 60%
20% 12%
Less risk No opinion
15% 11% 8% 5%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
Rural Urban
YES 9% YES 13%
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
57% 49% No No
27% 31% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion
YES 36%
NO 30%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 4%
YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
Rural Urban
YES 31% YES 38%
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
CHAPTER / 3 30% 33% No No
29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state TRUST TOWARDS THE MAIN STAKEHOLDERSYES 33% 5% 34% 6% INVOLVED IN PVE PROGRAMSNo opinion No opinion
In this part of the report data on trust towards main stake- holders involved in PVE programs are presented: (i) institu- Trust tions at central and local level (ii) Civil Society Organizations 49% and Religious Institutions (iii) Media. Coordination of activi- Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% ties between responsible government institutions, religious Somehow 19% communities, community in general, media as well as the No opinion 3% cooperation with international partners will enable to ad- dress the identified problems related to the radicalization Trust 9 through preventive measures. Therefore, there are specific 29% measures such as capacity building programs, develop- Media Don’t Trust 34% ment of a strategic plan for communication, awareness Somehow 33% raising community and the aim of increasing the cooper- No opinion 2% ation between central institutions, and municipalities.10 As specified on the general Edition of KSB 2018 the trust Trust towards central and local governmental institutions as 55% well as judiciary ones have been very low while the trust Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% towards security institutions resulted being much higher. Somehow 20% Nevertheless, another stakeholder which plays crucial role No opinion 1% especially in the prevention of violent extremism and which have not been highlighted by this aforementioned report are civil society, religious and media organizations. Figure 23 Citizen trust towards Civil Society, Media and Religious Institutions The result of this edition on KSB shows that the citizens trust towards these institution is higher compared to gov- Majority or up to 50 percent respondents from Mitrovica, ernmental and judicial institutions however, lower com- Gjakova andCivil Ferizaj Soceity have trust towardsCivil Civil Soceity Society Orga- pared to the security ones. Respectively, this year 55 per- nizations in Kosovo48% while respondents from56% Prishtina and Prishtina Gjakova cent of respondents resulted trusting Religious institutions Gjilan who seems to have lower trust compared with these followed by 49 percent of respondents who trusted also three municipalities. Media perceptions show that respon- Media 26 % Media 34 % CSO’s. While with 29 percent, the respondents trust on me- dents fromReligious Mitrovica, Institutions GJilan55 % and PrizrenReligious Institutionsregions 61 have % more dia resulted significantly lower. trust towards compared to other municipalities such Pr- ishtina, Peja and Gjakova who shared lower trust.
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 9 Strategy on prevention of violent extremism and radicalization leading to terrorism 2015-202 http://www.kryeministri-ks.net/ 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren repository/docs/STRATEGY_parandalim_-_ENG.pdf 10 Ibid. Media 33 % Media 28 % 21 Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 %
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Trust
Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Trust
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26%
RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44%
Newspapers 2%
Radio 2%
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% No opinion
A Threat
30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% Religious motivated A risk 70% Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated No opinion
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
A Threat 31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica 30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% Somehow 33% No opinion 4% 30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% 23% 19% 41% No opinion 5% Peja Peja Peja
A Threat
23% Religious motivated 59% 36% 63% Not a threat 46% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova Somehow 24% No opinion 5%
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated 32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica 31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
30% 29% 47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 23% 19% 41% Peja Peja Peja
59% 36% 63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
32% 28% 23% 21%
26% 14% 38% Prizren Prizren Prizren Politically Motivated No opinion
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
42% 41%
79% 65% 65% North North North 3% 5% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Risk
% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk
56% K-Serbs 32% Politically motivated Somehow 32% 28% Not a Risk 10% 23% 21% No opinion 1%
Risk Politically Motivated No opinion K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
42% 41%
3% 5%
Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk Risk 20% % K-Albanians K-Serbs 63 Politically motivated Somehow 25% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 50% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 4% No opinion 0%
Risk Risk % 56% K-Albanians 40 K-Serbs Religious motivated Politically motivated Somehow 32% Somehow 35% Not a Risk 10% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 1% No opinion 4%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8%
Agree 52% Risk
K-Albanians 27% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% 21% Not a Risk 37% Somehow No opinion 4% 20% Risk Disagree
% K-Albanians 20 7% N/A Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4% Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree 52%
21% Somehow
20% Disagree
7% N/A Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree Agree 37% 36% Kosovo institutions 36% Mitrovica Prizren are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % No opinion 6% Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Agree Agree Agree The situation 47% 47% 40% remains the same Gjilan Ferizaj Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27%
No opinion 3% Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Agree Agree 46% 46% Agree Agree Prishtina Gjakova 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Agree Agree 52% 40% Agree Agree Mitrovica Prizren 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 %
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 % Agree Agree 52% 50% Agree Agree Gjilan Ferizaj 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 %
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 % Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Agree Agree Agree 26% Agree 27% 52% 40% Somehow Somehow Mitrovica Prizren 39% 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % 7% 5% No opinion Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % No opinion No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Agree Agree 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 %
Agree Agree 54% 44% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Risk 65%
15% Agree Not a risk 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% 13% Disagree Disagree Less risk 7% 5% No opinion No opinion 6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk 65%
Risk Not a risk
15% Not a risk
13% 68% Less risk 60% 6% No opinion 20% 12%
Less risk No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
15% 11% 8% 5%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % 68% 60% No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 %
20% Risk Risk 12% 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren
Less risk No opinion Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % 15% Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % 11% 8% 5% No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova
Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % YES 12%
NO 53% Risk Risk Yes, supervision 57% 69% by the state 28% Mitrovica Prizren No opinion 5%
Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 %
Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj
Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 %
Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Mitrovica Rural Urban
Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % YES 9% YES 13% Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% YES 12%
NO 53%
Yes, supervision by the state 28%
No opinion 5%
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % Rural Urban No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES 9% YES 13% YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
NO 58% NO 53% YES YES Yes, supervision by the state 25% Yes, supervision by the state 29% 12% No opinion 6% No opinion 5% 15% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
YES YES 10% 10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervision by the state 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica Prizren 57% 49% No No
27% 31% NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % by the state YES by the state No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % 15% 5% 3% No opinion 9% No opinion
YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan Ferizaj YES 36%
NO 55 % NO 45 % NO 30% Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % Yes, supervision No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % by the state 28%
No opinion 4% YES YES
15% 12% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % Yes, supervision by the state 39 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 %
57% 49% YES YES No No 36% 41% 27% 31% Prishtina Gjakova Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state by the state YES 15% 5% 3% NO 32 % NO 16 % No opinion 9% No opinion Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES 36% YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren NO 30%
Yes, supervision by the state 28% NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4%
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES
39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
YES YES 36% 41% Prishtina Gjakova Rural Urban
NO 32 % NO 16 % YES 31% YES 38% Yes, supervision by the state 27 % Yes, supervision by the state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % NO 35% NO 28% No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
YES YES 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 30% 33% 39% 13% No No Peja North Mitrovica 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision by the state YES by the state NO 27 % NO 31 % 33% 5% 6% Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 34% No opinion No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
Trust
49%
Rural Urban Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% YES 31% YES 38% No opinion 3%
Trust
29%
Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% No opinion 2%
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% Trust No opinion 6% No opinion 4% 55%
Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
30% 33% No No Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 29% 27% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision 48% 56% by the state by the state Prishtina Gjakova YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 %
Trust Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 49% 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% No opinion 3% Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 %
Trust
29% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Media Don’t Trust 34% 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj Somehow 33% REPORT BY KCSS No opinion 2%
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Trust
55% Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Gjilan and Mitrovica regionsSomehow respondent 20% were the ones who Respondents belonging51% to Muslim and13 Catholic% religions Peja North seems to have more trustNo opinion towards 1% Religious Institutions have more trust towards religious institutionsMitrovica compared compared with other districts. For example, only 34 percent with respondents belonging to Orthodox religion. Fifty-sev- of respondents from North Mitrovica have trust in their re- en percent ofMedia Muslim 29 % practitioners Mediahave 17 trust% towards Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % ligious institutions. Islamic Community, while 76 percent of Catholic respon- dents shared same trust toward Catholic Church in Kosovo. Meantime, 43 percent of Orthodox practitioners have trust towards Orthodox Church. Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova Trust
Media 26 % Media 34 % Citizen trust towards 57% Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren Trust
76% Catholic Trust Media 33 % Media 28 % towards the Catholic Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj Trust 43% Orthodox Trust
Media 28 % Media 32 % towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Church Somehow 26%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity Figure 25 Trust towards Religious institutions divided: 51% 13% Peja North Muslim practitioners, Catholic practitioners and Orthodox Mitrovica practitioners RTK 22%
Media 29 % Media 17 % To inform themselves on a daily basis, citizens of Koso- Other/Private TVs 44% Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % vo use mainly Public Television, private televisions, online media, newspapers or status of friends in social media. The Newspapers 2% figure below shows that 44 percent of respondents are in- formed from private televisions of Kosovo, while 22 percent Figure 24 Citizens trust towards Civil Society, Media and Radio 2% Religious Institutions divided by districts of citizens use public television as a source of information. Only 19 percent of respondents use social media platforms Trust Online Media 19% as a source of information. Citizen trust towards 57% I got informed from my 6% friends in social media Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% No opinion 5%
22 Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica Trust
43% RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church Somehow 26% Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
RTK 22% Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Other/Private TVs 44% Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
Newspapers 2% I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% Radio 2% in social media
Online Media 19%
I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media A risk 70%
12% Somehow risk
13% Not a risk
3% A risk 70% No opinion
12% Somehow risk
A Threat 13% Not a risk 30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% 3% Somehow 33% No opinion No opinion 4%
A Threat
40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% SomehowA Threat 30% No opinion 5% 30%
Ethnicaly motivated Not a threat 20% ASomehow Threat 33% No opinion 4% 23% Religious motivated Not a threat 46% SomehowA Threat 24% No opinion 5% 40% Politically motivated Not a threat 34% Somehow 30% No opinion 5%
A Threat
23% EthnicalyReligious Motivated motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated Not a threat 46% Somehow 24% No opinion 5% 25% 16% 33% Prishtina Prishtina Prishtina
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated Politically Motivated
25% 16% 33% Prishtina30% Prishtina29% Prishtina47% Gjilan Gjilan Gjilan
31% 25% 46% Mitrovica23% Mitrovica19% Mitrovica41% Peja Peja Peja
30% 29% 47% 59Gjilan% Gjilan36% Gjilan63% Gjakova Gjakova Gjakova
23% 19% 41% 26Peja% 14Peja% 38Peja% Prizren Prizren Prizren
59% 36% 63% Gjakova32% Gjakova25% Gjakova40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
26% 14% 38% Prizren79% Prizren65% Prizren65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
32% 25% 40% Ferizaj Ferizaj Ferizaj
79% 65% 65% North North North Mitrovica Mitrovica Mitrovica
Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated
32% 28% Ethnicaly Motivated Religious Motivated 23% 21%
Politically Motivated No opinion
32% 28% 23% 21%
42% 41%
Politically Motivated No opinion 3% 5%
42% 41%
3% 5%
Risk
% K-Serbs 63 Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk
Risk 56% K-Serbs Politically motivated % K-Serbs Somehow 32% 63 Not a Risk 10% Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% No opinion 1% Not a Risk 7% No opinion 0%
Risk Risk K-Serbs 56% 56% ReligiousK-Serbs motivated Somehow 25% Politically motivated NotSomehow a Risk 10% 32% NoNot opinion a Risk 8%10% No opinion 1%
Risk
K-Serbs 56%
Religious motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 10% No opinion 8% Risk
K-Albanians 27%
Ethnicaly motivated Somehow 30% Not a Risk 37% No opinion 4%
Risk Risk % K-Albanians 20 K-Albanians 27% Politically motivated Somehow 25% Ethnicaly motivated NotSomehow a Risk 50% 30% NoNot opinion a Risk 4%37% No opinion 4%
Risk Risk 40% K-Albanians % K-Albanians 20 Religious motivated Somehow 35% Politically motivated Somehow 25% Not a Risk 20% Not a Risk 50% No opinion 4% No opinion 4%
Risk
% K-Albanians 40
Religious motivated Somehow 35% Not a Risk 20% No opinion 4%
Agree 52%
21% Somehow
Agree 52% 20% Disagree
7% N/A 21% Somehow
20% Disagree
7% N/A
Agree
Kosovo institutions 36% are ghting violent Somehow 26% extremism Disagree 29% No opinion 6%
Agree Agree Kosovo institutions 36% % areThe ghting situation violent Somehow 26% 47 remainsextremism the same Disagree 29% Somehow 21% No opinion 6% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree
The situation 47% remains the same Somehow 21% nothing has changed Disagree 27% No opinion 3%
Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 27 % Somehow 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Agree Agree 31% 30% Prishtina Gjakova Agree Agree 37% 36% SomehowMitrovica 27 % SomehowPrizren 33 % Disagree 34 % Disagree 30 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 6 % Somehow 22 % Somehow 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 % Agree Agree 37% 36% Mitrovica Prizren Agree Agree 47% 40% SomehowGjilan 22 % SomehowFerizaj 27 % Disagree 33 % Disagree 27 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 8 %
Somehow 25 % Somehow 28 % Disagree 20 % Disagree 26 % No opinionAgree 7 % No opinionAgree 4 % 47% 40% Gjilan Ferizaj Agree Agree 37% 38% SomehowPeja 25 % SomehowNorth 28 % Disagree 20 % DisagreeMitrovica 26 % No opinion 7 % No opinion 4 %
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinionAgree 6 % No opinionAgree 3 % 37% 38% Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 26 % Somehow 38 % Disagree 30 % Disagree 20 % No opinion 6 % No opinion 3 %
Agree Agree 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Somehow 22 % Somehow 24 % Disagree 27 % Disagree 22 % Agree Agree No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 % 46% 46% Prishtina Gjakova
Agree Agree Somehow52% 22 % Somehow40% 24 % DisagreeMitrovica 27 % DisagreePrizren 22 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 6 %
Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % Disagree 29 % Disagree 30 % Agree Agree No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 % 52% 40% Mitrovica Prizren
Agree Agree Somehow 14 % Somehow 26 % 52% 50% DisagreeGjilan 29 % DisagreeFerizaj 30 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 2 %
Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % DisagreeAgree 24 % DisagreeAgree 26 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 4 % 52% 50% Gjilan Ferizaj
Agree Agree Somehow 22 % Somehow 19 % 54% 44% DisagreePeja 24 % DisagreeNorth 26 % No opinion 1 % NoMitrovica opinion 4 %
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % DisagreeAgree 24 % DisagreeAgree 17 % No opinion54% 4 % No opinion44% 7 % Peja North Mitrovica
Somehow 17 % Somehow 31 % Disagree 24 % Disagree 17 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 7 %
Agree 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion Agree No opinion 26% Agree 27% Somehow 39% Somehow 31% 34% 28% Disagree Disagree
7% 5% No opinion No opinion
Risk 65%
15Risk%65% Not a risk
13% 15% Less risk Not a risk 6% No 13opinion% Less risk
6% No opinion
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Rural Urban
Risk 65% Risk 62%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Not a risk 14% Not a risk 15% Less risk 11% Less risk 16% No opinion 9% No opinion 5%
Risk Not a risk
Risk Not a risk
68% 60%
68% 20% 60% 12%
20% 12% Less risk No opinion
Less risk No opinion
15% 11% 8% 5%
15% 11% 8% 5%
Risk Risk 62% 68% Prishtina Gjakova Risk Risk 62% 68% NotPrishtina a risk 17 % NotGjakova a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % Not a risk 17 % Not a risk 8 % Less Risk 14 % Less Risk 16 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 6 % Risk Risk 57% 69% Mitrovica Prizren Risk Risk 57% 69% NotMitrovica a risk 13 % Not Prizrena risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 % Not a risk 13 % Not a risk 16 % Less Risk 17 % Less Risk 9 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 4 % Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj Risk Risk 58% 58% Gjilan Ferizaj Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 % Not a risk 14 % Not a risk 21 % Less Risk 16 % Less Risk 11 % No opinion 10 % No opinion 7 % Risk Risk 69% 71% Peja North Risk MitrovicaRisk 69% 71% Peja North Not a risk 15 % NotMitrovica a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 % Not a risk 15 % Not a risk 0 % Less Risk 13 % Less Risk 0 % No opinion 1 % No opinion 24 %
YES 12%
YESNO 53 12%%
Yes, supervisionNO 53% by the state 28% Yes, supervision 28% Noby theopinion state 5%
No opinion 5%
Rural Urban Rural Urban YES 9% YES 13% YES 9% YES 13%
NO 58% NO 53% Yes, supervisionNO by 58% the state 25% Yes, supervisionNO 53%by the state 29% Yes, supervisionNo opinion by 6%the state 25% Yes, supervisionNo opinion by the 5% state 29% No opinion 6% No opinion 5%
YES YES 10YES% 10YES% Prishtina10% Gjakova10% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 53 % NO 51 % Yes, supervisionNO by 53 the % state 31 % Yes, supervisionNO 51by %the state 37 % Yes, supervisionNo opinion by 5the % state 31 % Yes, supervisionNo opinion by the 2 % state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 2 %
YES YES YES YES 12% 14% Mitrovica12% Prizren14% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 58 % NO 59 % NO 58 % NO 59 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 23 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES YES YES 13% 13% Gjilan13% Ferizaj13% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 55 % NO 45 % NO 55 % NO 45 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 37 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 4 %
YESYES YES % 15% 1212% 15% North PejaPeja North MitrovicaMitrovica
NO 42 % NO 53 % NO 42 % NO 53 % % % Yes,Yes, supervision supervision by by the the state state 39 39 % Yes,Yes, supervisionsupervision byby the state 30 % NoNo opinion opinion 4 4 % % NoNo opinionopinion 5 %
5757%% 49% NoNo No
2727%% 31% Yes,Yes, supervision supervision YESYES Yes, supervision by the state by the state by the state YESYES 15% by the state 5% 15% 3% 5% 9% 3% NoNo opinion opinion 9% No opinion
YESYES 36 36%%
NONO 30 30%% Yes, supervision Yes, supervisionby the state 28% by the state 28%
No opinion 4% No opinion 4%
YES YES YES36% YES41% Prishtina36% Gjakova41% Prishtina Gjakova
NO 32 % NO 16 %
Yes, supervisionNO 32 by % the state 27 % Yes, supervisionNO 16 by % the state 43 % Yes, supervisionNo opinion by the 5 state% 27 % Yes, supervisionNo opinion by the 0 %state 43 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 0 %
YES YES YES32% YES38% Mitrovica Prizren 32% 38% Mitrovica Prizren
NO 36 % NO 32 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % NO 36 % NO 32 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 % Yes, supervision by the state 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % No opinion 5 % No opinion 1 %
YES YES YES36% YES43% Gjilan Ferizaj 36% 43% Gjilan Ferizaj
NO 27 % NO 26 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % NO 27 % NO 26 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 % Yes, supervision by the state 28 % Yes, supervision by the state 27 % No opinion 8 % No opinion 3 %
YES YES 13% YES39% YES Peja North Mitrovica 39% 13% Peja North Mitrovica NO 27 % NO 31 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % NoNO opinion 27 % 4 % No opinionNO 31 % 17 % Yes, supervision by the state 30 % Yes, supervision by the state 38 % No opinion 4 % No opinion 17 %
Rural Urban
YESRural 31% YESUrban 38%
YES 31% YES 38%
NO 35% NO 28% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% NoNO opinion 35% 6% NoNO opinion 28% 4% Yes, supervision by the state 27% Yes, supervision by the state 28% No opinion 6% No opinion 4%
30% 33% No No
29% 27% 30% 33% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision No No by the state YES by the state 29% 33% 27% 5% 6% Yes, supervision YES Yes, supervision No opinion 34% No opinion by the state by the state YES 33% 5% 6% No opinion 34% No opinion
Trust
49% Trust Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% 49% No opinion 3% Civil Society Don’t Trust 26% Somehow 19% NoTrust opinion 3%
29% Trust Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% 29% No opinion 2% Media Don’t Trust 34% Somehow 33% NoTrust opinion 2%
55%
Religious Institutions TrustDon’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% 55% No opinion 1% Religious Institutions Don’t Trust 20% Somehow 20% No opinion 1%
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 48% 56% Prishtina Gjakova
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity
Media48% 26 % Media56% 34 % ReligiousPrishtina Institutions 55 % ReligiousGjakova Institutions 61 %
Media 26 % Media 34 % Religious Institutions 55 % Religious Institutions 61 % Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 62% 48% Mitrovica Prizren
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity
Media62% 33 % Media48% 28 % ReligiousMitrovica Institutions 66 % ReligiousPrizren Institutions 46 %
Media 33 % Media 28 % Religious Institutions 66 % Religious Institutions 46 % Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 47% 55% Gjilan Ferizaj
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity
Media47% 28 % Media55% 32 % ReligiousGjilan Institutions 52 % ReligiousFerizaj Institutions 59 %
Media 28 % Media 32 % Religious Institutions 52 % Religious Institutions 59 % Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 51% 13% Peja North Mitrovica
Civil Soceity Civil Soceity 13% Media51% 29 % Media 17 % North Religious PejaInstitutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 % Mitrovica
Media 29 % Media 17 % Religious Institutions 59 % Religious Institutions 34 %
Trust
Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo TrustSomehow 20%
Citizen trust towards 57%
Islamic Community Don't Trust 21% of Kosovo Somehow 20% Trust
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church TrustSomehow 8%
76% Catholic Trust towards the Catholic Don't Trust 15% Church Somehow 8% Trust
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Church TrustSomehow 26%
43% Orthodox Trust towards Orthodox Don't Trust 28% Kosovo Security Barometer 2018 Church Somehow 26%
RTK 22%
Other/Private TVs 44% Data divided by regions shows that most of respondents RTK 22% Newspapers 2% get informed from private televisions (KTV, Klan Kosova, 21 and others) while respondents from Ferizaj are informed Other/Private TVs 44% Radio 2% more from Public Television of Kosovo (RTK). Majority of
Newspapers 2% respondents from North Mitrovica are informed from on- Online Media 19% line media platforms. Such data can serve us as guideline
I got informed fromRadio my 2% where institutions and donor community should be more 6% friends in social media focused on empowering media role on CVE, to use as a
OnlineNo opinionMedia 519%% main tool for narratives of extremist groups in Western Bal- kan countries. I got informed from my 6% friends in social media
No opinion 5%
Figure 26 Which media citizens’ use as the main source of information
Prishtina Mitrovica Gjilani Peja Prizreni Ferizaj North Mitrovica
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0%
Other TV Prishtina 46% Mitrovica47% Gjilani 39% Peja 41% Prizreni 52% Ferizaj27% North Mitrovica31%
RTK 23% 22% 25% 20% 24% 45% 0% Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6%
Other TV 46% 47% 39% 41% 52% 27% 31% Radio 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3%
Newspapers 1% 1% 3% 2% 0% 9% 6% Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48%
RadioI got informed 1% 3% 3% 2% 0% 0% 3% from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media Online media 20% 16% 21% 14% 13% 18% 48% Figure 27 Which media citizens’ use as the main source of information divided by districts I got informed from my friends 4% 6% 3% 10% 6% 0% 3% in social media
23 METHODOLOGY WHAT IS KOSOVO SECURITY BAROMETER?
The Kosovo Security Barometer (KSB) is a special program of the Kosovar Centre for Security Studies (KCSS) which was established in September 2012. Its primary focus is to measure public’s trust toward security, justice and central institutions in Kosovo as well as to measures citizens’ perception of the inter- nal and external security threats posed to Kosovo. The KSB is the first and the largest undertaking of this kind designed, implemented, and communicated by a local think tank in Kosovo. The KSB’s uniqueness in Kosovo is its political neutrality. As an independent think-tank, KCSS has no political constraints in com- municating any of the findings and messages of the survey. The KSB is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods that provides objective and credible results. Its data are collected through face- to-face interviews with randomly selected respondents conducted by KCSS field researchers throughout the entire Kosovo. The KSB questionnaire mostly consisted of closed-ended questions in the form of five point Likert Scale, followed by several open-ended questions that allow respondents to provide their thoughts without predefined options.
24 25 25
Katalogimi në botim – (CIP) Biblioteka Kombëtare e Kosovës “Pjetër Bogdani”
316.48(496.51)(048)
Kelmendi, Vesë Citizens Perceptions on new threats of violent extremism in Kosovo / Vesë Kelmendi. – Prishtinë :KCSS, 2019. - 28 f. : ilustr. ; 21 cm.
ISBN 978-9951-679-89-3 www.qkss.org