TYPHOON VINTA SITUATION REPORT & IMPACT ANALYSIS #1 In Lanao Provinces As of 12:00 Noon, December 28, 2017

I. SITUATION OVERVIEW

On December 20, 2017, the Low Pressure Area (LPA) located east of Hinatuan, del Sur developed into a Tropical Depression (TD), entered into the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) and was named “Vinta”, the 22nd tropical cyclone to enter the PAR in 2017. The TD traversed a westerly direction threatening the island of with strong winds and heavy rains.

At 1:45 AM of December 22, Vinta, already upgraded into Severe Tropical Storm (STS) made landfall at Cateel, Oriental with maximum sustained winds of 90 kilometers per hour (kph) and gustiness of up to 126 kph and moving westward at 18 kph. By noontime of December 23, STS Vinta was cited in the vicinity of City, , a city totally devastated by a 5-month war between government forces and violent extremist linked to ISIS. More than 60 percent of Marawi’s population is still living in evacuation camps and sharing homes with relatives in the Maranao dominated towns and communities in Lanao del Sur and .

With an estimated diameter of 300 kilometers, in its path, STS Vinta pummeled the provinces of Davao Oriental, Davao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, del Sur, , Oriental, , two Lanao provinces and the three provinces of the Peninsula.

By midnight of December 22, STS Vinta exited from the landmass of Mindanao on the western side of the . It crossed the Sea and made its second landfall at Balabac Island of southern Palawan at 10:00 PM of December 23. By 8:00 AM of December 24, STS Vinta exited the PAR leaving a path of destruction and suffering.

II. EFFECTS

A. Overall

As of 8:00 AM, December 27, 2017, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) based on available information reported that:

1) Affected Population. A total of 143,188 families/673,429 persons are affected in 1,140 barangays in regions MIMAROPA, VII, IX, X, XI, XII, ARMM and CARAGA due to TY "VINTA." Of which, a total of 23,775 families/111,641 persons are currently being served inside 231 evacuation centers (ECs) and 5,983 families/29,592 persons outside the evacuation center.

2) Casualties. A total of 164 persons were reported dead (65 in Region IX, 75 in Region X, and 24 in ARMM), and 176 persons missing (170 for validation and 6 confirmed). Ongoing validation and verification by NDRRMC MDM Cluster.

3) Flooding. At least 75 barangays were flooded, 59 in NDRRMC Sitrep 09 and 14 were reported by EcoWEB’s CLEARNet partners in Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur that were not reflected in the NDRRMC Report.

4) State of Calamity. The whole province of Lanao del Norte, the municipalities of Tambulig in and Labason in were declared in State of Calamity. Several municipalities of Lanao del Sur were aLdSo reported to be in the state of Calamity but not included in the list of the NDRRMC.

5) Damages

 Shelter. NDRRM Sitrep 10 reported 2,263 houses damaged – 1,654 totally and 1,009 partially. Of this number the two provinces of Lanao accounts for 858 (LDN = 535 and LDS = 323). EcoWEB, through its network in the two provinces reported 1,602 housed damaged in Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte – 650 totally and 952 partially.

 Agriculture and Infrastructure. NDRRMC initially estimated damaged to agriculture at ₱52,086,275.00 million and to infrastructure at ₱167.71 million.

B. Lanao Provinces

1. Geographic Description

STS Vinta traversed the adjacent provinces of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte from noon until the afternoon of December 22, 2017. Heavy rains caused tributary rivers to to overflow and increase the water level of the lake causing much flooding in the Basak Area, the low lying agricultural area of the eastern side “ is a municipality in of Lake Lanao. The Basak area encompasses the municipalities of between Wato- and Ditsaan-Ramain, , Buadipuso Buntong and Molundo. Bacolod-Kalawi. During the heavy rains, water rushed On the western side of Lake Lanao are poorly vegetated high down from the mountain ridge mountain slopes which are the eastern side of the Gurain above their communities. With it are logs and boulders. Mountain range (Refer to Map 1). The upper slopes still have A bridge on the highway that forests that are continuously cut by timber pouchers despite the spans a river coming from the laws banning logging around the watershed region of Lake Lanao. mountains was instantly The side of the range facing Lake Lanao is characterized by a clogged while the boulders mixture of deep soil mixed with boulders deposited as lahar and rolled down to the towns along the lake. The roads are rocks during volcanic eruptions in the past. This region inundated with boulders and encompasses the mountainous part of the municipalities of therefore no car can pass. Bacolod-Kalawi, Balindong, , and Tugaya. Many houses were destroyed All of these municipalities were badly affected by landslides. by the impact of onrushing boulders. People, animaLdS and properties, too. Identities The soil-turned-mud and boulders cascaded into the slopes along and number still unverified. gullies that turned into instant rivers towards the lakeshore towns Electric posts were toppled of Balindong and Tugaya farms and villages. down. Along the hi- way, the people depend on water supply from the mountains, but now, the pipes are Map 1: Vinta-Affected Areas in Lanao del Sur and Lanao del useless. So no clean drinking Norte water.’

The western side of the Gurain Mountain Range is the plateau that includes rolling plains and valleys cultivated with rice, corn and bananas. The water from the Munai highlands drains to rivers in , Bacolod and in the northern coast of Lanao del Norte.

Not very distant from the Gurain Mountain Range are the Karkum and Inayawan Mountain Ranges that serves as watershed of the vast Kapatagan Valley that consists of the municipalities of Salvador, , Lala and Kapatagan, the rice granary of Lanao del Norte. Not less 35,243 people from 22 barangays.

2. Affected Barangays The most Table 1: Affected Barangays in LDN and LDS heavily affected barangays are in Province Total in the Affected %tage to the municipalities of Bacolod- Province Total Kalawi, Balindong, Tugaya, LdS 1,178 239 20.29% Madalum, Madamba, Ditsaan- Ramain, Bubong and Molundo in LdN 514 (Partial) 106 0 Lanao del Sur. In Lanao del Norte Total 1,692 345 0 the most affected are in the municipalities of Munai, Salvador, Maigo, Kapatagan, and Tubod.

3. Affected Population and Households

The EcoWEB Vinta Response Team (VRT) documented a total of 157,308 individuaLdS from 28,151 households from 345 barangays were affected in the two Lanao provinces. The NDRRMC reported a total of 100,231 individuaLdS (LDN=40,889, LDS=89,342) from 21,385 households (LDS-11,883 LDN-9502) in 288 barangays (LDN-86 LDS-202) were affected by the STS Vinta. The discrepancy could be due to the situation were EcoWEB and CLEARNet has direct links with some barangays that as of today has not been reached by government responders particularly in the interior areas of the municipality of Munai, Bacolod and Salvador in LDN and in Madalum, , Buadipuso-Buntong and Ditsaan Ramain in LDS.

In terms of sex, Lanao del Sur has less males than females with a percentage ratio of 48.59 to 51.41 percent. Lanao del Norte has more males than females with a percentage ration of 50.3 to 49.7 percent.

Using the above ratio, the current affected population is estimated to have a male to female ratio of 49.45 to 50.55 percent or 77,789 males and 79,519 females. Of the total affected population, it is estimated that about 20,764 are children aging 0 to 4 years old.

Table 2: Affected Populations, Households and Evacuation Centers Affected Families/Households Affected IndividuaLdS Population * No. Provinces Total Affected Percentage Total Affected Percentage of EC Number Households to Total IndividuaLdS Lanao del 3 160,835 18,531 11.52% 1,045,429 112,250 10.74% Sur Lanao del 62 190,006 9,620 0 982,416 45,058 0 Norte TOTAL 350,841 28,151 0 2,027,845 157,308 0 65 * Household Population is computed at average of 6.5 members per household.

4. Casualties

A total of 216 casualties including 132 dead and 60 missing were recorded by EcoWEB team with the CLEARNet and Typhoon Vinta CSO Platform. The consolidated number recorded by EcoWEB team and partners is higher than the 99 dead reported by the NDRRMC for both Region X where Lanao del Norte is and ARMM where Lanao del Sur is included.The number of missing 176 is higher compared to the EcoWEB report of 60 persons. (See Table 3 for detaiLdS.)

The casualties are largely due to the flash flood and the landslides that Table 3: Casualties – Dead, Missing and Injured covered virtually whole villages. Province Dead Missing Injured TOTAL People interviewed by the team Lanao del Sur 36 19 15 70 consistently reveal that they never Lanao del Norte 146 expected that the storm will cross 96 41 9 their villages. TOTAL 132 60 24 216

5. Damages

As of December 28, a total of 2,039 houses were totally and partially damaged in LDN and LDS. The number is expected to increase further as Table 3: Damaged Houses more information will be coming from the most Provinces Partially Totally TOTAL interior barangays.

Lanao del Sur 120 85 205 Most of the damages of houses, properties and Lanao del Norte 1,834 984 850 farms were caused by flash flood and landslides TOTAL 1,104 935 2,039 along steep mountain slopes and river sides. In Lanao del Norte, the flash flood coming from the Gurain Mountain range causes much of the damage in Munai while the rampaging water and debris from the Karkum-Inayawan Range caused much of the damages to life, properties, infrastructure and agriculture in the Kapatagan Valley region.

The damage on houses is worse in Lanao del Norte reaching a total of 1,834 compared to only 205 in Lanao del Sur. The damage to agriculture cannot be fully determined as data is very scant however, while both affected areas are largely ricelands – Basak in LDS and Kapatagan Valley in LDN – the farms in LDN are more productive than those in LDS. Photos and reports from the field have however revealed how devastated vast tracks of farms lands in low lying areas in both provinces – turning rice and corn fields into stonefields and mudfields after the typhoon.

The destruction caused by STS Vinta in LdS is concentrated in 12 municipalities - 6 in the eastern side and 6 in the western side of the Lake - where 92% percent of the affected barangays and 94.49% of the affected population are located. The pattern of destruction is different in the eastern and western side of Lake Lanao. (See Table 4 for the figures.)

Table 4: Comparison of Effect in the Eastern and Western Side of Lake Lanao

Damaged Houses Damage to Human Life Brgy Municipalities Families Persons s Totall Partiall TOTA Casualt Missin Injure y y L y g d

LANAO DEL 239 18,531 112,250 85 120 205 36 19 15 SUR

A. EASTERN SIDE OF LAKE LANAO

Bubong 33 5 5 0 0 0 1,133 34,691

Buadipuso 24 - - 0 0 0 2,402 12,010

Ditsaan 31 - - 0 0 0 3,658 18,290

Masiu 35 - - 0 0 0 850 4,250

Tamparan 14 - - 0 1 0 1,320 6,600

Maguing 24 - - 0 0 0 1,199 5,995

TOTAL 161 5 5 0 1 0 10,562 81,836 Percentage 67% 57% 72.90% 6% 2% 0 5% 0

B. WESTERN SIDE OF LAKE LANAO

Marantao 9 0 0 0 103 515

Bacolod 8 15 20 35 1 1 2 72 360

Balindong 17 12 6 18 3 0 1 1,133 15,783

Madamba 2 0 0 0 93 405

Madalum 13 8 5 2 605 3,025

Tugaya 11 50 39 89 13 0 10 637 4,141

TOTAL 60 77 65 142 25 6 15 2,643 24,229

Percentage 25% 14% 21.58% 91% 54% 69% 69% 32% 100%

OVERALL 221 82 65 147 25 7 15 TOTAL 13,205 106,064 Percentage 92% 71% 94.49% 40% 32% 72% 69% 37% 100%

In the eastern side of the lake, the affected population of 81, 836 constitute 72.90 percent while the 24,229 in the western side constitutes 21.58%. In terms of damage, 77 (91%) of the 85 totally damaged houses is in the west while only 5 (6%) is in the eastern side. In terms of casualty, 25 (69%) of the dead and 7 (32%) of the missing came from the western side while 5 (2%) and 0 respectively came from the east.

From the above pattern, it is evident that most of the affected population is in the east but the destruction to life and property is lesser while in the western side the destruction to life and property is high despite the smaller number of affecter barangays and households. There are two possible reasons for the pattern. First, it is due to the type of hazard to which the area and population is exposed of. In the eastern side, it was mainly flood while in the western side it is rampaging flash flood and landslide with boulders. The flooding in the eastern side came much slower compared to the sudden occurrence of the flashflood in the west. Secondly, it was the experience of the people. In the eastern side, they have experienced flooding several times compared to those in the western side who never had because they are located in higher and sloppy location.

III. NEEDS

A. Food

The documented 28,151 families affected by STS Vinta are expected to need food assistance in the next two to three weeks. About half of them, mostly coming from the interior barangays will continue to need food assistance for the next three months as the earliest harvest of their remaining crops and the quick growing crops that they can plant will take at least three months before they can be harvested.

In addition to direct food assistance, the affected households aLdSo need urgent support for planting materiaLdS, farm tooLdS, draft animaLdS and equipments.

B. Water and Sanitation

Water sources in most affected barangays needs immediate assistance for the assessment of their water systems. Many of the community water sources were contaminated and heavily silted. At least five (5) barangays in Bacolod and Munai has already expressed the need for help in repairing their water systems. It is expected that at least 20 of the affected barangays have damaged water systems.

In terms of sanitation, all of the 2,000 households that have damaged houses need assistance for the maintenance of sanitation especially toilet facilities. Most of them who evacuated with

C. Shelter and Non-food Needs

A total of 935 families totally lost their houses and 1,104 need major repairs. These families are scattered in several barangays and their houses were located in their family’s ancestral lands. Most of them do not have titles of the lands but their ancestors claimed ownership for several generations.

In the case of Lanao del Sur most of the damaged houses are within the Lake Lanao Watershed Reservation (LLWR) under Proclamation No. 871 of February 1992. These lands are legally and technically under the supervision of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) as stipulated in the Proclamation. Support for rebuilding shelter may need coordination with DENR.

In addition to the documented 2,039 households with damaged houses another estimate 10,000 households lost their cooking utensiLdS, sleeping facilities, water collection equipment and hygiene kits when their homes were inundated by water and mud. These bring to an estimated 12,000 households that needs non-food item support.

The values of Katatabanga (Helping one another) and Kapamagogopa (Volunteering for common good) are still very strong in the rural communities. Shelter construction and repair are best done by community work through self-help groups. Survivor and Community Led Response (SCLR) approach is best suited in most of the communities affected by Vinta.

In addition to the above are the Marawi siege IDP’s in Baloi and Pantar who lost their tents and are now temporarily sheltered in schooLdS.

D. Health

Children having fever, cold and cough were initially reported in several municipalities but they are responded by the local health units of the government. In Balindong, LDS three patients needed immediate hospitalization and they were taken cared by the local government.

EcoWEB’s VRT noted that potential outbreak of water-borne disease can occur in the interior communities of Munai and Salvador in Lanao del Sur and in Balindong, Madalum and Madamba in Lanao del Sur due to contaminated water sources. These areas need immediate assistance for water purification, medicines and water treatment.

Hygiene kits are aLdSo needed by at least one-fourth (40,000) of the affected 157,308 individuaLdS affected by the disaster.

IV. RESPONSES

A. Government

National agencies lead by the NDRRMC mobilize the OCD and PNP under the DILG, DSWD, AFP under the DND, DOH, DPWH, DepEd and DOTC. The local governments – provincial, municipal and – responded at various capacity. The Provincial Government of Lanao del Norte declared a state of calamity of the whole province while other heavily affected municipalities aLdSo declared state of calamity.

The DSWD pre-positioned food supplies amounting to ₱12.778 million; DOH provided medicines and medical logistics to provincial and rural health units amounting to ₱8.082 million. Other national agencies aLdSo responded by providing support to the LDRRMC’s.

At the local government level, the response is limited and to some extend slow as most of their DRRM Funds were exhausted as it is already end of the year and besides most of the affected municipalities especially those in LDS, responded to the Marawi crisis by hosting thousands of IDPs for at least five months.

B. Civil Society Organizations (CSO)

Local CSO’s responded to the emergency however generally limited as most of the CSO’s resources where exhausted by the earlier response to the Marawi crisis. Local CSO’s are trying hard to mobilize resources from their national and international partners.

Among the CSOs that were able to immediately respond is the Duyog Marawi that provide food packs and hygiene kits in their priority areas within Lanao del Sur areas.

V. CHALLENGES

A. Security

Martial law is still in effect in Mindanao and relief efforts in the rural areas known to have presence of the New Peoples Army (NPA) e.g. Davao Provinces and Zamboanga Peninsula may need coordination with the military command in the area. This situation needs to carefully assessed as the accompaniment of the military might be misconstrued by the revolutionary groups.

In the case of the Lanao provinces, the affected areas included recognized camps of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in Munai, Lanao del Norte and Balindong, Lanao del Sur. Some of the areas were aLdSo reported to be the site of ongoing recruitment of the remnants of the . Responding to these areas may need coordination with both the local government and the military command.

B. Affected Areas belongs to various provinces and regions

The affected areas belong to various municipal, provincial and regional units. It needs careful and time for coordination with various local government units.

This Situational Report with preliminary analysis of the cause and effect is prepared by the STS Vinta Response Team (VRT) of EcoWEB. This Report is based on available data and information collated since the 22nd and until the 28th of December, 2017. Sources include NDRRMC, RDRRMC-10, PDRRMO-LdN and LdS, MDRRMOs, and field reports from ECOWEB, CLEARNet and Typhoon Vinta CSO Platform staff. This initial report shall be subject to further changes upon the consideration of additional data and information.

Signed:

Team Leader Ms. Regina S. Antequisa Vinta Response Team Executive Director EcoWEB, Inc. For EcoWEB, Inc.