KONA OWNER' S MANUAL THANK YOU for Buying a Kona. a Bicycle Is

KONA OWNER’S MANUAL 1 - -

an area that is ideal for developing and testing durable testing durable and for developing ideal that is area an 1 We believe in constantly improving and refining our refining and improving in constantly believe We comments your welcome and components and bicycles service to our good giving that believe We and complaints. making and as designing important just as customers is cycling your to help make is our mission It bicycles. good mission that of part and and enjoyable experiences safe as as frequently do that to you for it possible is to make the satisfied with not are you reason for any possible. If to given the service or bicycle your of part of any quality dealers, please let us know. our of one or Kona by you These studies conclude that many serious and minor ac minor serious and that many conclude studies These should It helmets. of the use by prevented be could cidents PREVENTED BE ALSO CAN ACCIDENTS that also be noted MAINTE AND USE BICYCLE OF INSTRUCTION PROPER BY instruc basic with you provide will dealer Kona NANCE. Your we strongly addition, In started. safely you tions to get PAYING MANUAL ENTIRE THIS READ that YOU recommend CAUTIONS. AND WARNINGS TO ATTENTION PARTICULAR legalese. the through wade you So hang in there while unreasonable against ourselves protect to are trying we Yes That is safety. your concerned about are we but lawsuits, Kona-specific and general a great deal of we add why instead of cycling enjoyable and safe information about manual. generic owner’s reproducing a blandly dedicated cyclists of a group 1988 by in started was Kona our long- based on bikes custom producing high-quality to Kona’s cycling. the sport and business of time experience in of the forest rain in the temperate are located headquarters and Canada States United the region of Northwest Pacific — components and testing new frames for basis day-to-day our bicycles. into being incorporated of are worthy that bicycles that provide superior performance. The Kona provide that bicycles is responsible on a within our company, Group Design - - - In addition to safety, many bicycle manufacturers and dis and manufacturers bicycle many to safety, In addition product of number tributors are concerned with the alarming Because years. 5 last the over brought forwards cases liability mount these are entitled to attorneys and Canadian American manufacturers larger basis, many a contingency on cases targets for deep pocket as marked been have and distributors been the responsibility to have cases, turn out many what in costly cases are frivolous most the Even rider. of the bicycle result additionally which the manufacturer and distributor, to higher bicycle eventually, and premiums, in higher insurance Commission has Consumer Product and Safety The prices. for the most that, find studies that of variety a undertaken safe vehicles. and are well-made part, bicycles righted by Kona Bicycle Company and the other companies the and Company Bicycle Kona righted by reproduced without not be text, and may the same using Company. Bicycle Kona consent of written the This owner’s manual was prepared prepared manual was owner’s This ABOUT THIS MANUAL: deal great A first consideration. as our safety with your bicycle US-based of a group by prepared was of the text sections are copy distributors. Those and manufacturers ment from your purchase. This manual contains important This manual contains purchase. your ment from information. and maintenance performance safety, intended as a comprehensive NOTE: This manual is not or service manual. Please see your use, service repair dealer repairs or maintenance. Your dealer for all service, clinics or books to classes, also be able to refer you may use, service or maintenance. on bicycle IMPORTANT: Read this manual before taking your first before taking Read this manual IMPORTANT: handy and keep this manual new bicycle, ride on your reference. for future for buying a Kona. A bicycle is a wonderful wonderful is a A bicycle Kona. a for buying YOU THANK you that hope We and recreation. for transportation tool of use and enjoy a great deal often and have will ride it 2 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL which arethe soleresponsibility oftherider. any bicycle which cannotbepredicted oravoided, and all conditions. Therearerisksassociated withtheuseof no representationaboutthe safeuseofthebicycle under condition whichcanoccur whileriding,thisManualmakes Because itisimpossibleto anticipateevery situationor warning ofpossibleinjuryordeath. injury oreven death, wedonotalways repeatthe control andfall”. Becauseany fallcanresultinserious Many oftheWarnings andCautions say “you may lose your warranty. result inseriousdamagetothebicycle orthevoiding of symbol indicatesasituationwhich,ifnotavoided, could • Theword moderate injury, orisanalertagainstunsafepractices. situation which,ifnotavoided, may resultinminoror the word • Thecombinationofthesafety alertsymboland injury ordeath. situation which,ifnotavoided, couldresultinserious the word • Thecombinationofthesafety alertsymboland cycling practices. or inspectyour bicycle andoffailuretofollowsafe concerning theconsequencesoffailuretomaintain This Manualcontainsmany “Warnings” and“Cautions” maintenance ofyour bicycle reducesriskofinjury. and ofproperusemaintenance.Proper and topractice —therulesofsafeandresponsibleriding the responsibility forthatrisk,soyou needtoknow— damage. Bychoosingtorideabicycle, you assume Like any sport,bicycling involves riskofinjuryand GENERAL WARNING: CAUTION WARNING indicatesapotentiallyhazardous CAUTION indicatesapotentiallyhazardous usedwithoutthesafety alert

2 A SpecialNoteforParents: warning could resultinserious injuryor death. any timewhilenot ridingabicycle.Failureto follow this on playgroundequipment, whileclimbingtrees, or at A helmetmustnot beworn whileplaying,inplayareas, for bicyclingonly, andmust beremovedwhennot riding. sure that yourchildunderstandsthat abicycle helmetis an approvedbicyclehelmetwhenriding;butalso make child ridethebicycle. operating procedureswithyourchild,beforeletting your review itswarningsandthebicycle’sfunctions As aparent,youshouldreadthismanual,aswell common senserulesofsafeandresponsiblebicycling. local motorvehicle,bicycleandtrafficlaws,butalsothe learned, understandandobeynotonlytheapplicable operation ofthebicycle;andthatyouyourchildhave you andyourchildhavelearnedunderstandthesafe that itisingoodrepairandsafeoperatingcondition; making surethatthebicycleisproperlyfittedtochild; activities andsafetyofyourminorchild,thatincludes As aparentorguardian,youareresponsibleforthe bicycles. WARNING: Makesurethatyour childalwayswears WARNING: ThismanaldoesnotcoverJuvenileorBMX

do notunderstand. dealer explainany functionsorfeatureswhichyou bicycle? If not, beforeyour firstride,have your 6. Doyou fully understand howtooperate your new 3.D and3.Efordetails]. may beabletoadjust theirangleandreach[seeSection 5. Canyou comfortablyoperate thebrakes? Ifnot,you you? Ifnot, seeSection3.Conwhatyou candoaboutit. 4. Arethestemandhandlebarsatrightheightfor direction [seeSection3.Bfordetails]. tightened saddlewillallownomovement inany 3. Aresaddleandseatpostsecurelyclamped?Acorrectly follow theMinimumInsertioninstructionsinSection 3.B. 3.B. Ifyou adjustyour saddleheight,make surethat you 2. Isthesaddleatrightheight?To check,seeSection ask your dealertoexchange itbeforeyou rideit. lose controlandfall.Ifyour newbike isnottherightsize, If your bicycle istoolargeorsmallforyou, you may 1. Isyour bike therightsize? To check,seeSection3.A. A) BIKEFIT the featuresofyourbicycle. described inthisManual.Askyourdealertopointout Please notethatnotallbicycleshaveofthefeatures any issuewhichyoudon’tcompletelyunderstand. in thissection,andrefertothecitedsectionson read andmakesurethatyouunderstandeachpoint entirety beforeyourfirstride;butattheveryleast, NOTE: WestronglyurgeyoutoreadthisManualinits 1. FIRST—BEFOREYOURIDE

toeclip overlap. is turned.Read Section4.E.tocheck whetheryou have wheel whenapedalisall the way forward andthewheel your toeortoeclipmay beabletocontactthe front 6. Doyou have “toe overlap”? On smaller framed bicycles adjustment andcare. Follow thesuspension manufacturer’s instructions foruse, 4.F. Suspensioncanchangetheway abicycle performs. 5. Doesyour bike have suspension?Ifso, checkSection adjustment andcare. Follow thepedal manufacturer’s instructions foruse, 4.E]. Thesepedalsrequirespecialtechniquesandskills. pedals, make sureyou knowhowtheywork[seeSection 4. Ifyour bike hastoeclips andstraps orclipless“step-in” and causeseriousinjuryordeath. cause thewheeltowobbleordisengagefrombicycle, with animproperlyadjustedwheelquickreleasecan rear wheels?CheckSection4.A.1tomake sure.Riding 3. Doyou knowhowtocorrectlysecure your frontand you ride,andtocomplywithallapplicablelaws. to familiarize yourself withthelaws oftheareaswhere safety equipment? SeeSection2.It’s your responsibility 2. Doyou have alltheotherrequiredandrecommended for fit,useandcareof your helmet. bike, andfollowthehelmetmanufacturer’s instructions 1. Always wearanapproved helmetwhen ridingyour B) SAFETYFIRST!

3 3 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 4 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL can causeyou tolosecontrolandfall. tightening forcecanresult incomponentfailure,which threads, stretch,deform orbreak.Eitherway,incorrect securely. Toomuchforce, andthefastenercanstrip Too littleforce,andthefastener maynothold — nuts,bolts,screwson yourbicycleisimportant. Nuts, bolts, screws&other fasteners: every ride. Routinely checktheconditionofyourbicyclebefore C) MECHANICALSAFETYCHECK by a qualified bicycle mechanic. yourself. All other adjustments and repairs should be done 4 we discuss theitems which you may beable to adjust require specialtoolsand knowledge.InSections 3 and as possible. Note that there are some componentswhich fasteners you worked on checked by your dealer as soon the field, we urge you toexercise care, andtohave the dealer. If you needto make an adjustment at home or in from thebicycle or componentmanufacturer or from your you must get correct tighteningtorque specifications on you bicycle. If you chooseto work onyour own bicycle mechanic with a torque wrench should torquethefasteners a torquewrenchmustbeused.A professional bicycle fastener on your bicycle. To correctly torque a fastener, torque, but not the specifictorque required for each on your bicycle. We can tell you the importance of correct specify correct torque (tighteningforce)for the fasteners model and component, itisnot possible for this Manual to shapes made in a variety of materials, oftendifferingby manufacturers use awide variety of fastener sizes and WARNING: Correcttightening forceonfasteners Because 4 as therim’s braking surfacewears.A visiblerimwear rims havea rim wearindicatorwhich becomesvisible Ask yourdealer aboutwheelrimwear. Somewheel visible atany pointonthewheel rim. make surethatany rimwearindicatormarkingis not have rimbrakes, alongthe braking surface.Checkto are cleanandundamaged atthetirebeadand,ifyou Wheel rimscleanandundamaged?Make suretherims bike toaqualifiedbike shoptohave thewheeltrued. slightly, orrubsagainsthitsthebrake pads,take the side-to-side wobble.Ifawheelwobblessideto even true? Spineachwheelandcheckforbrake clearance and Replace damagedtiresbeforeridingthebike. Wheels wheel slowlyandlookforcutsinthetreadsidewall. and adjustifnecessary. Tiresingoodshape?Spin each it lookswhenyou knowthetiresarecorrectlyinflated; looking attiredeflection.Comparewhat you seewithhow stem, thenbouncingyour weightonthebike while saddle, oneontheintersectionofhandlebarsand [see Section4.H.1].Checkby puttingonehandonthe Tires &Wheels: someone withexperiencetocheck. or accessories?Ifso, securethem.Ifyou’re notsure,ask and tactileinspectionofthewholebike. Any looseparts ground. Anything sound,feelorlookloose?Doavisual ground by twoorthreeinches,thenletitbounceonthe Make surenothingisloose.Liftthefrontwheel offthe tools neededtodothejobcorrectly. wheel unlessyouhavetheknowledge,experience and special toolsandexperience.Donotattempttotrue a work effectively.Wheeltruingisaskillwhichrequires WARNING: Bicyclewheel rimsaresubjecttowear.

CAUTION: Wheelsmustbetrueforthebrakesto Make suretiresarecorrectlyinflated

professional bicyclemechanic. bike untilthe brakesareproperlyadjusted bya If not, your brakes need adjustment. Do not ridethe at the levers without having them touch thehandlebar? of brake lever movement? Canyou apply full braking force with therim?Do the brakes begin to engagewithin an inch pads contact the wheel rimsquarely and make full contact securely engaged? If you have rim brakes, do thebrake quick-releases closed? All control cablesseated and Sections 4.C). Squeeze the brake levers. Are the brake clamped tight enough so you can’t twist them. clamped tight enoughsoyou can’t handlebars have barendextensions,make suretheyare not, have your dealerplugthembeforeyou ride.Ifthe sure thehandlebarendsand extensionsareplugged.If out areas.Ifnot,have your dealerreplacethem. Make secure andingoodcondition, withnocuts,tears,orworn Handlebar Ends: If not,alignandtightenthem. twist themoutofalignment[seeSections3.Band3.C]. center lineandclampedtightenoughsothatyou can’t saddle andhandlebarstemareparallel tothebike’s Handlebar andSaddleAlignment: adjusted andinthe locked position. See Section4.B. fastener for easy height adjustment, checkthat it is properly Seat post:If your seatposthasanover-center camaction rear wheelsarecorrectlysecured.SeeSection4.A Wheel retentionsystem:Make surethefrontand Brakes: control andfall. can resultinwheelfailure,whichcauseyoutolose life. Ridingawheelthatisattheendofitsusablelife that thewheelrimhasreacheditsmaximumusable indicator onthesideofwheelrimisanindication Check the brakes for proper operation (see Make surethehandlebargripsare

Make surethe

and Section4.E.4. getting inandoutofthepedals. components inAppendixB information onthelifespanofyourbicycleandits and becomethoroughlyfamiliarwiththeimportant VERY IMPORTANTSAFETYNOTE:Pleasealsoread accident. and cancauseseriousinjuryinanotherwiseminor plugged handlebarsorextensionscancutyourbody, extensions cancauseyoutolosecontrolandfall.Un to never move theshifterwhile pedalingbackward, Practice weight shifts [see Section 1.B.5 and Section 4.F]. the suspension responds to brake application and rider If your bike has suspension, familiarize yourself with how If your bicycle has of whatcanhappenwhenawheellocksup. cause you tolosecontrolandfall.Skiddingisanexample Applying brakes toohardcanlockupawheel,whichcould of thefrontbrake couldpitchyou over thehandlebars. brakes, rearbrake first.Suddenorexcessive application ting your weight toward therearandgentlyapplying the [see Section4.C].Test thebrakes atslowspeed,put Familiarize yourself withthe the controls,featuresandperformanceofyour newbike. obstacles orotherhazards.Ridetobecomefamiliar with a controlledenvironment, away fromcars,othercyclists, familiarization rideonyour newbicycle, besuretopick When you buckleonyour helmetandgoforyour first D) FIRSTRIDE

WARNING: Looseordamagedhandlebargrips shifting the gears toeclips or onPage38. [see Section 4.D]. Remember braking actionofthebike clipless pedals See paragraphB.4above , practice

- 5 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 6 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL your responsibility to know andobey the laws. laws, childcarrierspecialbicycletraffic laws. It’s sidewalks, lawsregulating bikepathandtrailuse,helmet about bicyclelighting,licensingof bicycles, ridingon helmet. have been avoided if therider had worn an appropriate serious bicycle injuries involve headinjuries which might instructions for fit,use and care of your helmet.Most riding you do. Always follow thehelmetmanufacturer’s certification standardsand isappropriate forthe type of 1. Always weara cycling helmet which meets the latest A) THEBASICS 2. SAFETY back toyourdealerbeforeyourideagain. about thebikeisnotasitshouldbe,take If youhaveanyquestions,oriffeelanything the bicycle. This couldjamthechainandcauseseriousdamageto nor pedalbackwards afterhaving moved theshifter. check thecomfort. Check outthehandlingandresponseofbike; and laws andregulations. Observeregulations as the law requires.Observealllocal bicycle properly equippingyourselfandyour bike comply with allapplicable laws,including the lawsof the areawhereyou rideand to responsibility to familiarize yourself with require specific safety devices.Itisyour WARNING: The areainwhichyouridemay

7 may resultinseriousinjuryordeath. speed means higherrisk. 7. Rideataspeed appropriateforconditions. Higher or race withyour bike, readandunderstandSection2.F. themselves. Beforeyou attempttojump, dostuntriding bikes riskserious damage,totheirbicycles aswellto and itscomponents.Riderswhoinsistonjumping their fun; butitcanputhugeandunpredictable stressonthebicycle Jumping abike,particularly BMXormountainbike,canbe (See Appendix A, IntendedUse)don’tjumpwithyourbike. 6. • • • 5. Always wear: your bicycle. turning pedalsandcranks; andthespinningwheelsof from thesharpteethofchainrings;moving chain;the 4. Becarefultokeep bodypartsandotherobjectsaway shifting brakes [seeSection4.C]; 3. Bethoroughlyfamiliarwiththecontrolsofyour bicycle: get onabike [seeSection1.C]. 2. Always dothe it’s not. dust and bugs — tintedwhen the sunis bright, clearwhen Protective eyewear, to protect against airborne dirt, of theroadortrail. tangled inthebicycle orsnaggedby objectsattheside Bright, visibleclothingthatisnotsolooseitcan be sandals. moving parts,andnever ridebarefootorwhilewearing pedals. Make surethatshoelacescannot getinto Shoes thatwillstay onyour feetandwillgripthe Unless yourbicyclewasspecificallydesignedforjumping WARNING: Failuretowearahelmetwhenriding [see Section4.D]. Mechanical SafetyCheck pedals [seeSection4.E]; before you

laws. direction of traffic flowor asdirected by local governing or as closeto the edge of theroadas possible, inthe emergency vehicle sirens, distract you fromconcentrating Never ridewith headphones. They mask traffic sounds and 8. 7. Useapproved handsignalsforturningandstopping. so bepreparedtoyieldeven if you have the rightofway. bicycle always losesinacollision withamotorvehicle, look bothways atstreetintersections. Remember that a 6. Stopatstopsignsandtraffic lights;slowdownand 5. • • • Childrenorpetsplaying nearthe road. • Pedestrians steppingout. • Parked cardoorsopening. • 4. Lookahead,andbereadytoavoid: see you. 3. Ridedefensively. Always assumethatothersdonot their rights. motorists, pedestriansandothercyclists. Respect 2. You aresharingtheroadorpathwithothers— 1. ObeyallRules oftheRoad andalllocaltraffic laws. B) RIDINGSAFETY occur onabicycle ride. The many otherhazardsanddistractions whichcan and have anaccident. catch your wheelorotherwisecauseyou tolosecontrol obstructions thatcouldcauseyou toswerve intotraffic, joints, roadorsidewalk construction, debrisandother Pot holes,sewergrating, railroad tracks, expansion lane aheadofyou, orcomingupbehindyou. Vehicles slowingor turning, enteringtheroadoryour Ride in designated bike lanes, ondesignated bike paths

1. Thevariable conditionsandhazards ofoff-road riding unless theyare accompaniedby anadult. We recommendthatchildrennotrideon roughterrain C) OFFROADSAFETY risk ofaccident. extremely tired.Eachofthese conditionsincreasesthe visibility isobscured,at dusk orinthedark,when 16. Ifpossible,avoid ridinginbadweather, when alcohol ordrugs. 15. Never rideyour bicycle whileundertheinfluenceof 14. Observe andyieldtherightofway. may surprisepeoplewithwhomyou aresharingtheroad. weave throughtraffic13. Don’t ormake any moves that with thiskindofriding. your skillsbefore decidingtotake thelargerisksthatgo Stunt orCompetitionBiking despite ouradvicenotto, readSection2.F, do stunts,wheelies,jumpsorgoracing withyour bike dostunts,wheeliesorjumps. Ifyou intendto 12. Don’t 11. Never hitcharideby holdingontoanothervehicle. become entangledinthemoving partsofthebicycle. your completecontrolofthebicycle, orwhichcould 10. Never carryanything whichobstructsyour visionor the childissecuredandwearinganapproved helmet. sure thatthecarrierortrailer iscorrectlymountedand If thebicycle issuitableforachild carrierortrailer, make manufacturer tomake surethebicycle isdesignedforit. carrier ortrailer, checkwithyour dealerorthebicycle 9. Never carryapassenger;and,beforeinstallingchild the moving partsofthebicycle, causing you to losecontrol. on what’s goingon around you, andtheirwires can tanglein 8 , now. Thinkcarefullyabout

Downhill, 7 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 8 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL streams. Itis your responsibility tominimize your impact cutting your own trail orshortcutthrough vegetation or disturbthe ecosystemby unnecessary sliding.Don’t contributetoerosionbytrail. ridinginmudorwith Don’t cyclists. Respect theirrights.Stay onthedesignated sharing thetrail withothers—hikers, equestrians,other ride off-road, andrespectprivate property. You may be Obey thelocallaws regulatingwhereandhowyou can Off RoadRespect with your bike, readandunderstand Section2.F. 7. Beforeyou attempttojump, dostuntriding orrace riding off-road, helpmay notbeclose. 6. Beprepared.Ifsomethinggoeswrongwhileyou’re endanger you. them enoughroomsothattheirunexpectedmoves don’t a way thatdoesnotfrightenorendangerthem,andgive 5. Yieldrightofway topedestrians andanimals.Ridein phone call. along somecashforfood,acooldrinkoranemergency people knowwhoyou areincaseofan accident;andtake 4. Always take alongsomekindofidentification,sothat going andwhenyou expecttobeback. with others,make surethatsomeoneknowswhereyou’re ridealoneinremoteareas.Even whenriding 3. Don’t plan todo. 2. Wear safety gear appropriatetothekindofridingyou increased speedormoredifficultterrain. know howtohandleyour bike safelybeforetrying increases your riskoflosingcontroland falling.Getto suspension, theincreasedspeedyou may develop also easier terrain andbuildupyour skills.Ifyour bike has require closeattentionandspecificskills.Startslowlyon 9 safety equipment. reduce thatrisk.Consultyour dealeraboutnightriding riding andchoosingspecialized equipmentwhichhelps at dawn, atduskornightneedtotake extra care both who chosetoacceptthegreatlyincreasedriskofriding should never rideatdawn, atduskornight. Adults motorists andpedestrianstosee.Therefore,children riding duringtheday. Abicyclist isvery difficultfor dangerous and mayresultinserious injuryordeath. bicycle lightingsystemand withoutreflectorsis at othertimesofpoorvisibility withoutanadequate required lights.Ridingat dawn,atdusk,nightor dramatically increasedinwetconditions. vehicles sharingtheroad.Theriskofanaccidentis and visibility,bothforthebicyclistother Riding abicycle atnightis E) NIGHTRIDING under normal,dryconditions[seealsoSection4.C]. your brakes earlierandmoregradually thanyou would stop safelyinwetconditions,ridemoreslowlyand apply to losecontrol.To make surethatyou canslowdownand as well.Thismakes ithardertocontrolspeedandeasier is dramatically gripnearly reducedandyour tiresdon’t (as wellasthebrakes ofothervehicles sharingthe road) Under wetconditions,thestoppingpowerofyour brakes D) WETWEATHERRIDING and always take outeverything you broughtin. on theenvironment. Leave thingsasyou foundthem; WARNING: Reflectorsare notasubstitutefor WARNING: Wetweatherimpairstraction,braking much moredangerousthan

tighten anythatarebentorloose. dealer replacedamagedreflectorsandstraightenor straight, unbrokenandsecurelymounted.Haveyour brackets regularlytomakesurethattheyareclean, • • ed additionalprecautions: night riding,andtake thefollowing stronglyrecommend check andbesureyou complywithalllocal laws about If you choosetorideunderconditions ofpoorvisibility, tread ifthecablejumpsoutofitsyoke orbreaks. which prevent thestraddle cablefromcatchingonthetire often designedasbrake straddle cablesafety catches The mountingbrackets of front andrearreflectorsare be seenandrecognized asamoving bicyclist. street lightsandcarinaway thatmay helpyou to Bicycle reflectorsaredesignedtopickupandreflect causing youtolosecontrolandfall. on thetire,itcancausewheeltostopsuddenly, brake cablefailure.Ifastraddlecatches straddle cablecatchingonthetireineventof reflector bracketsmayprotectyoufromabrake vehicles mayresultinseriousinjuryordeath.The to othersusingtheroadway.Beingstruckbyother system. Removingthereflectorsreducesyourvisibility They areanintegralpartofthebicycle’ssafety reflectors orreflectorbracketsfromyourbicycle. Wear lightcolored,reflective clothing andaccessories, and provide adequatevisibility. and taillightswhichmeet allregulatoryrequirements Purchase andinstallbattery orgenerator poweredhead CAUTION: Checkreflectorsandtheirmounting WARNING: Donotremovethefrontorrear - and thosethat are may not be suitable for all types of Not allbicycles aredesigned for these types of riding, of injuryordeath. will gethurt,andyou voluntarily assume an increased risk if you engage inthis sort of extreme,aggressive riding you Downhill, Jumping, Stunt Riding, Racing or something else: Whether you callitAggro, Hucking, Freeride,North Shore, F) EXTREME,STUNTORCOMPETITIONRIDING • I • Bealert.Ridedefensively andexpecttheunexpected. • If ridingintraffic: • Ifpossible,rideonfamiliarroutes. • Avoid roadhazards. Avoid dark areas • and areas of heavy or fast-moving traffic. • Rideslowly. While ridingatdawn, at duskoratnight: • • 10 predict your movements. Be predictable.Ridesothatdrivers canseeyou and positioned andsecurelymountedreflectors. Make surethatyour bicycle isequippedwithcorrectly light. carrying onthebicycle doesnotobstructareflectoror Make sureyour clothingoranything you may be and othertraffic. get theattentionofapproachingmotorists,pedestrians reflective deviceorlightsourcethatmoves willhelp you attached toyour bodyand/oryour bicycle ...any reflective stripeson your helmet,flashinglights such asareflective vest, reflective armandlegbands, traffic safety. about traffic safety classesoragoodbookonbicycle f you plantorideintraffic often,ask your dealer

9 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 10 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL dramatically reducethe length oftheirsafeuse. this typeofridingcanexceed thoselimitationsor limitations withregardto strengthandintegrity, riding downhillatspeedorincompetition. seriously injuredorkilledwhenjumping,stuntriding, state-of-the-art protectivesafetygear,youcould be helmet andotherappropriatesafetygear.Evenwith experience. Knowyourlimitsandalwaysweara by professionalswithmanyyearsoftrainingand Remember thattheactiondepictedisbeingperformed or death,andincreasestheseverityofanyinjury. extremely dangerous,increasesyourriskofinjury riders engagedinextremeriding,thisactivityis advertisements andarticlesaboutbicyclingdepict • Take lessons fromacompetentinstructor first. increased risks;butif you choose to take the risk, at least: We recommend against thistype of riding becauseof the familiar with course conditions. it is your responsibility to have proper equipment and to be face helmet,full finger gloves, and bodyarmor. Ultimately, Wear appropriate safety gear, including an approved full and equipmentadvisableatthesitewhereyou plantoride. Consult withexpertridersand race officials on conditions qualified mechanic and be sure itisin perfect condition. Have your bicycle and equipment carefully inspected by a motorcycles, and thereforeface similar hazards and risks. When ridingfastdownhill,you can reach speeds seenon engaging in extreme riding. manufacturer about the suitability of your bicycle before aggressive riding. Check with your dealer or the bicycle’s CAUTION: Bicyclesandbicycle partshave WARNING: Althoughmanycatalogs, bicycle. that accompany theproductsyou purchaseforyour Be suretoread,understand andfollowtheinstructions compatible withyour bicycle by checking withyour dealer. including adifferentsize tire,make surethatitis bicycle. Before installingany componentoraccessory, accessory forcompatibility, reliability orsafety onyour manufacturer may nothave testedthatcomponentor accessories, you dosoatyour ownrisk.Thebicycle’s your bicycle. However, ifyou changecomponentsoradd to enhancethecomfort,performanceandappearance of There aremany componentsand accessoriesavailable ADDING ACCESSORIES G) CHANGINGCOMPONENTSOR Ultimately, avoiding injuryisyour responsibility. competition, knowthelimitsofyour skill andexperience. If you ridedownhillatspeed,dostuntridingorin • • • • • damaged. Do not ride your bicyclebends. whenany part is or Take your bicycle toyour dealerifanything breaks parts ofthebicycle andvoid thewarranty. your bike by thiskindofactivity may breakordamage Understand andrecognize thatthestressesimposedon safety gear. Wear afullface helmet,safety padsandother fast downhillriding Use onlydesignatedareasforstunts,jumping,racing or riding your skillsbeforetryingmoredifficultordangerous Start witheasylearningexercises andslowlydevelop See alsoAppendixA,p.33 andB,p.38.

components onyourbike. and checkwithyourdealerbeforechangingthe bike mayvoidthewarranty.Refertoyourwarranty, or accessorycanresultinseriousinjurydeath. properly install,operateandmaintainanycomponent should give you aminimum standover height clearance of you rideonlyonpaved surfacesandnever take off-road even ridethebikeDon’t aroundtheblock. Abike which crotch touchestheframe, thebike istoobigforyou. be riding,andbouncevigorously onyour heels.Ifyour the bike whilewearingthekindofshoesinwhichyou’ll the bike. To checkforcorrectstandover height,straddle frame atthat pointwhereyour crotchiswhenstraddling the distancefromground tothetopofbicycle’s Standover heightisthebasicelement ofbike fit.Itis 1. Diamondframebicycles A) STANDOVERHEIGHT fit, askyourdealertoexchangeitbeforeyouride it. you maylosecontrolandfall.Ifyournewbikedoesn’t check yourworkbeforeriding. have theexperience,skillandtools,yourdealer dealer maketheadjustmentsonyourbicycle;or, ifyou experience, skillandspecialtools.Alwayshaveyour fit foryourbodyandridingconditionsrequires adjustments toyourbicyclewhichresultincorrect safety, performanceandcomfort.Makingthe NOTE: Correctfitisanessentialelementofbicycling 3. FIT CAUTION: Changingthecomponentsonyour WARNING: Ifyourbicycledoesnotfitproperly, WARNING: Failuretoconfirmcompatibility,

• • • • sitonthesaddle; height [Fig.3]: 1. Upanddownadjustment. To checkforcorrectsaddle The saddlecanbeadjusted inthreedirections: see your dealer, whohasthetoolsandskilltochangeit. bicycle. Ifthesaddlepositionisnotcomfortableforyou, getting themostperformanceandcomfortfromyour Correct saddleadjustmentisanimportantfactorin B) SADDLEPOSITION Insertion” or“MaximumExtension” mark on the seat post. the heightof thetopof the seat tubeandthe”Minimum as described in range. You must be ableto adjust your saddle position the limiting dimension is determinedby saddle height not apply tobicycles with step-through frames. Instead, Standover height does bicycles 2. Step-throughframe more ofclearance. four inches(10cm)or off roadshouldgive you And abike thatyou’ll use standover heightclearance. three inches(7.5cm)of give you aminimumof unpaved surfacesshould A bike thatyou’ll rideon two inches(5cm). seat tube. seat tube. the downposition andthecrank arm is parallel to the rotate thecrank until the pedal with your heel on it is in place oneheelonapedal; B withoutexceeding the limits set by

11 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 12 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL position onthe bike. Ask your back to help you get the optimal saddle can be adjusted forward or 2. Frontandbackadjustment. The “Maximum Extension” mark [Fig.4]. beyond its “Minimum Insertion” or does not projectfrom the frame height, make sure that theseatpost Once thesaddleis at the correct - - make sure the saddle isstraight fore and aft - raise or lower theseatpostintube - loosen the seat post clamp your own saddle heightadjustment: you how to make thisadjustment. If you choose to make riding position andtoshow saddle for your optimal Ask your dealer to set the pedal, the saddle is too low. knee withyour heel on the If your leg is bent at the is too high. reach the pedal, thesaddle must rock for the heel to to be adjusted. Ifyour hips your saddle height needs the center ofthepedal, straight and just touching If your leg is not completely

instructions). torque (see the manufacturer's the recommended re-tighten the seat postclamp to

NOTE: causing youtolosecontrol andfall. Either mistakecanleadto asuddenfailureofthebolt, deform. Boltsthataretoo loosecanmoveandfatigue. correct torque.Boltsthataretootightcanstretch and lose controlandfall.Alwaystightenfastenersto the clamp canallowthesaddletomove,causingyou to of theclamparenotworn.Wornserrationson make surethattheserrationsonmatingsurfaces service intervals for your suspension seatpost. service or maintenance. Askyour dealerfor recommended post, the suspension mechanismmayrequireperiodic (see themanufacturer’s instructions). you tighten theclamp bolt to therecommendedtorque angle, andthen that theserrations fully re-engage before mechanism to disengage beforechangingthe saddle’s the clamp boltsufficiently to allowany serrations on the saddle clampon your seatpost, it is critical that you loosen own saddle angle adjustment and you have a singlebolt or teachyou how to doit.If you choose tomake your or downjust a little. Your dealer canadjust saddle angle tal saddle;but some riderslike the saddlenoseangledup 3. Saddle angle adjustment. Mostpeopleprefera horizon instructions). on the clamping fastener(s) (see the manufacturer’s the rails, and that you areusing the recommended torque of the saddle rails andis not touching the curved part of that the clamp mechanism isclamping on the straight part to make your own front andbackadjustment, make sure to show you how to make thisadjustment. If you choose dealer tosetthe saddle for your optimal riding position and with asingleboltsaddleclamp,alwayscheckto WARNING: Whenmakingsaddleangleadjustments If your bicycle is equipped with a suspension seat Ifyour bicycleisequipped withasuspension seat

- saddle adjustingmechanismisproperly tightened. any direction. Periodically checkto makesurethat the adjusting mechanismwillallow no saddlemovement in to lose control and fall.Acorrectly tightened saddle can causedamageto the seat post, or cancauseyou before riding.Aloose saddleclampor seatpost clamp the saddleadjustingmechanismisproperly tightened adjusted for your body andriding style, willbe comfortable. dealer can help you selecta saddle which,when correctly come in many different shapes, sizes andresilience. Your may needadifferent saddle design.Saddles, like people, fore-and-aft position, your saddle is still uncomfortable, you If, in spiteof carefully adjusting thesaddle height, tiltand saddle position,make only one adjustment at a time. effect on performance and comfort. To find your best Small changes in saddle position can have a substantial saddle adjustment oradifferentsaddle. body andstopridinguntil youseeyourdealerabout pain, numbnessorother discomfort,listentoyour vessels, orevenimpotence. Ifyoursaddlecausesyou to nervesandblood or long-terminjury cause short-term area correctlycan support yourpelvic or whichdoesnot incorrectly adjusted a saddlewhichis extended ridingwith have claimedthat Some people WARNING: WARNING: After anysaddleadjustment,besurethat If thefrontbrake padsmoveintowards thewheel slack which can makethefrontbrake inoperable. cable, locking thefrontbrakeorcreating excesscable or stemheightcanaffect thetensionoffrontbrake which couldcauseyouto losecontrolandfall. the stemmaybreakordamage thefork'ssteerertube, stem isextendedbeyond theMinimumInsertionMark must notbevisibleabovethetopofheadset. Ifthe This mark must not bevisibleabove theheadset the stem’s “Minimum Insertion” or “Maximum extension.” an etched or stamped mark onits shaft which designates bar height a bit by adjusting stem height.Aquill has “quill” stem,you can ask your dealer to adjust the handle yourself, as it requires special knowledge. If your bike has a length orrise.Consultyour dealer. Do notattempttodothis vice versa. Otherwise, you’ll have to get a stem of different ment spacersfrom belowthestem to above the stem, or able to change handlebarheight by moving height adjust If your bike has a “threadless”stem,your dealer may be sure which type of stem your bike has, ask your dealer. absolutely If you aren’t an expanding binder bolt. the steerertube by way of 7), whichclamps inside with a “quill” stem (fig. of the steerer tube, or clamps on to the outside less” stem (fig. 6),which either with a “thread Your bike is equipped HEIGHT ANDANGLE C) HANDLEBAR 14 WARNING: Onsomebicycles, changingthestem WARNING: Aquillstem'sMinimumInsertionMark - .

- - 13 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 14 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL torque to re-tightentheclampfasteners totherecommended make your owncontrol lever angleadjustment,besure dealer tomake theadjustmentsforyou. If you choose to position onthehandlebars canbechanged.Askyour The angleofthebrake andshiftcontrollevers andtheir D) CONTROLPOSTION ADJUSTMENTS or barendextensions. Your dealercanalsochangetheangleofhandlebar may alsorequireadjustmentstothebicycle's controls. to make theadjustmentyourself, aschangingstemangle your dealertoshowyou howtoadjustif. Donotattempt stem. Ifyour bicycle hasanadjustableanglestem,ask Some bicycles are equippedwithanadjustableangle adjusted beforeyouridethebicycle. stem heightischanged,thebrakesmustbecorrectly rim oroutawayfromthewheelwhenstem the handlebar,bolts areinsufficientlytightened. to the stem, or turnthebarendextensions inrelation to relation to the front wheel,turnthe handlebarsinrelation handlebar/stem assembly.Ifyoucantwistthe stem in the bicyclebetweenyour legsandattempt to twist the you to lose control andfall.Placethefront wheelof bolt maycompromisesteeringaction, which could cause bolt, handlebarclampbolt or barendextension clamping you to lose control andfall. mistake canleadto asuddenfailureof the bolt, causing Bolts that aretoo loose canmove andfatigue.Either torque. Bolts that aretoo tightcanstretch anddeform. WARNING: Aninsufficiently tightenedstem clamp WARNING: Alwaystighten fasteners to the correct (see themanufacturer’s instructions) .

15 which mayresultinseriousinjuryordeath. apply fullbrakingpowercanresultinlossofcontrol, brake levertravel.Braketravelinsufficientto that fullbrakingpowercanbeappliedwithinavailable more criticalitistohavecorrectlyadjustedbrakes,so talk to your dealer. understand something in this section oftheManual, If you have even theslightest doubt as to whether you have your dealer check your work before you ride the bike. this section before you attempt them yourself, and that you you to ask your dealer how to do thethingsdescribed in to understand howthingsworkonyour bicycle. We urge It’s important to your safety, performance and enjoyment 4. TECHNICALINFORMATION the reachorfitshorterbrake levers. squeeze thebrake levers, your dealercaneitheradjust for reach.Ifyou have smallhandsorfinditdifficultto Many bikes have brake levers whichcanbeadjusted E) BRAKEREACH mounting system. and roadbikes use what iscalleda“throughaxle”wheel “dropouts” intheforkand frame, butsomemountain cases, thewheelaxlesare insertedintoslots,called transportation andforrepairofatirepuncture.Inmost Bicycle wheels aredesignedtoberemovable foreasier A. Wheels WARNING: Theshorterthebrakeleverreach, SeealsoAppendixA,BandC.

• Wheels aresecuredinoneofthreeways: axle is,askyourdealer. through axlewheel.Ifyoudon’tknowwhata and followthosewheninstallingorremovinga dealer hasgivenyouthemanufacturer’sinstructions, through axlefrontorrearwheels,makesurethatyour If youhaveamountainorroadbikeequippedwith which hasanadjustabletensionnutononeendand runningthroughit A hollowaxlewithashaft(“skewer”)

• •

into thehubaxle(bolt-on wheel,fig.10) Hex nutsorhexkey boltswhicharethreadedontoor (through bolt,fig.9) key, locklever orothertighteningdeviceonthe it whichhasanutononeendandfittingforhex runningthrough A hollowaxlewithashaft(“skewer”) fig.8 a&b) an over-center camontheother(camactionsystem, 16 15 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 16 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL to thefrontwheel huborfrontfork. a. Theclip-on type isapartwhichthemanufacturer adds Secondary retentiondevices fallintotwobasiccategories: for correctlysecuringyour frontwheel. secured. Secondaryretention devicesarenotasubstitute disengaging fromthefork ifthewheelisincorrectly wheel retentiondeviceto reduce theriskofwheel Most bicycles have frontforkswhichutilize asecondary 1. FrontWheelSecondaryRetention Devices emboss thesurfacesofdropouts. The clampingactionofacorrectlysecuredwheel must wheel issecurelyclamped. 3. Eachtime,beforeyouridethebike,checkthat the clamping yourwheelinplace. 2. Understandandapplythecorrecttechniquefor how toinstallandremoveyourwheelssafely. 1. Askyourdealertohelpyoumakesureknow Therefore, itisessentialthatyou: bicycle, whichcancauseseriousinjuryordeath. wheel canallowthetowobbleorfalloff give youanyavailablemanufacturer’sinstructions. correct wheelremovalandinstallation,askhimto secures thewheel.Askyourdealertoinstructyouin how toapplythecorrectclampingforcethatsafely how tosecurethewheelscorrectly,andthatyouknow wheel securingmethodonyourbicycle,thatyouknow It isveryimportantthatyouunderstandthetypeof your dealer. Discuss thewheelsecuringmethodforyour bicycle with method forthefrontwheelthanrearwheel. Your bicycle may beequippedwithadifferentsecuring WARNING: Ridingwithanimproperlysecured

or death. you tolosecontrolandfall,resultinginseriousinjury the wheeltowobbleordisengage,whichcouldcause wheel. Failuretoproperlysecurethewheelcancause devices arenotasubstituteforcorrectlysecuringyour may alsovoidthewarranty.Secondaryretention Removing ordisablingthesecondaryretentiondevice reduce theriskofwheeldisengagingfromfork. secured correctly,thesecondaryretentiondevicecan back-up foracriticaladjustment.Ifthewheelisnot retention device.Asitsnameimplies,itservesasa rotating reduces clampingforce.Lessthan halfaturn it counterclockwise whilekeeping thecamlever from lever fromrotating increasesclampingforce; turning tension adjustingnutclockwise whilekeeping thecam is controlledby the tensionadjustingnut.Turning the against theotherdropout. Theamountofclampingforce pulling thetensionadjusting nut,by way oftheskewer, over-center campushingagainstonedropout and The wheelhubisclamped inplaceby theforce ofthe Adjusting the traditional camaction mechanism(fig.8a) a. action system. wheel retentionsystemandatraditional rearwheelcam in place.Your bicycle may have acam-and-cup front an over-center camactiontoclampthebike’s wheel (fig. 8a)andthecam-and-cup system(fig.8b).Bothuse retention mechanisms:thetraditional over-center cam There arecurrentlytwotypes ofover-center camwheel 2. Wheelswithcamactionsystems tion deviceonyour bike. Ask your dealer toexplaintheparticularsecondaryreten outer facesofthefrontforkdropouts. b. Theintegral type ismolded,castormachinedintothe WARNING: Donotremoveordisablethesecondary

very hotduringuse. have sharpedges,andboth rotorandcalipercanget failure, whichcancauseyoutolosecontrolandfall. rect removalorassemblycanresultinbrakegear internal gearhubsrequiresspecialknowledge.Incor removal andre-installationofmosthubbrakes rear hub,donotattempttoremovethewheel.The drum, bandorrollerbrake;ifithasaninternal gear Section, p.16. in thedropouts.SeealsofirstWARNINGthis you cangetitwillnotclampacamactionwheelsafely nut withtheotherhanduntileverythingisastight nut withonehandandturningtheleverlikeawing quick-release mechanismtoincrease the clearance (1) Ifyour bike hasrimbrakes, disengagethebrake’s a. Removing adiskbrake orrimbrake FrontWheel 3. Removing andInstallingwheels other thantheoneforwhichyourdealeradjusted it. Do notuseacam-and-cupfrontwheelonanybicycle Ask your dealer to check theadjustment every sixmonths. been correctlyadjustedforyour bicycle by your dealer. The cam-and-cup system on your front wheel will have b. Adjustingthecam-and-cup mechanism (fig.8b) between safeclampingforceandunsafeforce. of thetensionadjustingnutcanmake thedifference care intouchingtherotor orcaliper.Discrotors CAUTION: Ifyourbikehas adiscbrake,exercise brake suchasarearcoasterbrake,frontor WARNING: Ifyourbikeisequippedwithahub needed toclampthewheelsecurely.Holding WARNING: Thefullforceofthecamactionis

- Section 4.C. the diskiscorrectlyinserted inthecaliper.Seealso Never activateadiskbrake’scontrolleverunless brake padswhenre-insertingthediskintocaliper. brake, becarefulnottodamagethedisk,caliper or (2) Withthe steering forkfacingforward, insert thewheel next step. through boltorbolt-on frontwheelretention,gotothe wheel (fig.8b).Thisisthe OPENposition.If your bike has move thecamlever sothatit curves away from the (1) Ifyour bike hascamactionfrontwheelretention, b. Installingadiskbrake orrimbrake FrontWheel of your handtoreleasethewheelfromfrontfork. You may needtotapthetopofwheelwithpalm part isnecessarywiththecam-and-cup system. together whileremoving thewheel. Norotationofany cup system,(fig.8b)squeeze thecupandcamlever from thedropouts.Ifyour frontwheeluses acam-and- tension adjustingnutenoughtoallowremoving thewheel and atraditional camactionsystem(fig.8a)loosenthe front forkhasanintegral secondaryretentiondevice, retention device,disengageitandgotostep(4).Ifyour (3) Ifyour frontforkhasaclip-ontype secondary appropriate wrench,lockkey ortheintegral lever. the fastener(s)afewturnscounter-clockwise usingan through boltorbolt-on frontwheelretention,loosen to theOPENposition(figs.8a&b).If your bike has move thecamlever fromthelocked orCLOSED position (2) Ifyour bike hascamactionfrontwheelretention, fig. 11through15). between thetireandbrake pads(SeeSection4.C 18 CAUTION: Ifyourbikeisequippedwithafrontdisk

17 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 18 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL manufacturer’s instructions. the fasteners tothetorquespecifications inthehub (5) Withathrough-bolt orbolt-on system,tighten one-quarter turnandtry tighteningtheleveragain. Then turnthetensionadjusting nutcounterclockwise the forkblade,return levertotheOPENposition. cannot bepushedallthe waytoapositionparallel NOTE: If,onatraditional camactionsystem,thelever manufacturer’s instructions. the fastenerstotorquespecificationsinhub (b) Withathrough-boltorbolt-on system,tighten the palm of your hand. for leverage, and the lever shouldleave a clear imprint in you should have to wrap your fingers aroundthefork blade curved toward thewheel.To apply enough clamping force, The lever should nowbeparallel to the fork bladeand wards and swing it intotheCLOSED position(fig. 8a & b). (a) With a cam action system, move the cam lever up- wheel riminthefork: in theforkdropouts,andatsametimecentering (4) Whilepushingthewheelfirmlytotopofslots the forkdropoutsandnoadjustmentshouldberequired. cup (fig.8b)willhave snappedintotherecessedareaof (fig. 8a).If you have acam-and-cup system: thenutand left handuntilitisfingertightagainsttheforkdropout right hand,tightenthetensionadjustingnutwithyour holding thecamlever intheADJUSTpositionwithyour (3) Ifyou have atraditional camactionmechanism: device, engageit. & b).Ifyour bike hasaclip-ontype secondaryretention one, shouldbeonrider’s leftsideofthebicycle (fig.8a the topofforkdropouts.Thecamlever, ifthereis between theforkbladessothataxleseatsfirmlyat

the firstWARNINGinthisSection,p.16. nut clockwiseaquarterturn;thentryagain.Seealso insufficient. Openthelever;turntensionadjusting emboss thesurfacesofdropouts,tensionis hand, andtheserrationsonwheelfastenerdonot lever doesnotleaveaclearimprintinthepalmofyour your fingersaroundtheforkbladeforleverage, If youcanfullyclosethecamleverwithoutwrapping cam actionretentiondevicetakesconsiderableforce. back withyour righthand. (3) Onaderailleur gearsystem, pullthederailleur body figs. 11through15). tween thewheelrimand brake pads(seeSection4.C, quick-release mechanism toincreasetheclearance be (2) Ifyour bike hasrimbrakes, disengagethebrake’s to step(4)below. If you have a single-speed bike withrimordiskbrake, go to remove therearwheel. or thehubmanufacturer’s instructionsbeforeattempting If you have aninternalgearrearhub, consult your dealer est, outermostrearsprocket). system: shifttherearderailleur tohighgear(thesmall (1) Ifyou have amulti-speedbike withaderailleur gear c. Removing adiskbrake orrimbrake Rear Wheel (7) pad-to-rim clearance. in 3.a.(1)above, re-engageittorestorecorrectbrake (6) Ifyou disengagedthebrake quick-release mechanism lever and make sure that thebrakes areoperating correctly. frame and clears the brake pads; then squeeze the brake Spin the wheel to make surethat it is centered in the WARNING: Securelyclampingthewheelwitha

- - disk iscorrectlyinsertedinthecaliper. Never activateadiskbrake’scontrolleverunless the brake padswhenre-insertingthediskintocaliper. has about1/4 inchesofup-and-down play. dropouts sothat itisstraight intheframe andthechain the chainon the chainring;pullwheel backinthe (5) Onasinglespeedoran internalgearhub, replace pull italltheway intothedropouts. (4) Then,insertthewheel intotheframe dropoutsand Put thechainonrear wheel sprocket. sprocket, sothatyou have plenty ofslackinthe chain. (3) Onsingle-speed,remove thechainfrom thefront chain ontopofthesmallestfreewheelsprocket. the derailleur body backwithyour righthand.Putthe leur isstillinitsoutermost,highgear, position;thenpull (2) Onaderailleur bike, make surethattherearderail- wheel sprockets. the sideofwheeloppositederailleur andfree OPEN position(seefig.8a&b).Thelever shouldbeon (1) Withacamactionsystem,move thecamlever tothe d. Installingadiskbrake orrimbrake Rear Wheel remove itfromthereardropouts. (5) Lifttherearwheeloffgroundafewinchesand chain fromtherearsprocket. the wheelforward farenoughtobeableremove the propriate wrench,locklever orintegral lever; thenpush or boltonmechanism,loosenthefastener(s)withanap lever totheOPENposition(fig.8b).Withathroughbolt (4) Withacamactionmechanism,move thequick-release brake, becarefulnottodamagethedisk,caliperor CAUTION: Ifyourbikeisequippedwithareardisk

- - this Section, p.16. turn; then try again. Seealso the first WARNINGin turn thetension adjusting nutclockwise aquarter dropouts, thetension isinsufficient. Open the lever; wheel fastener do not emboss the surfacesof the in the palmof your hand,andtheserrations on the leverage, theleverdoes not leaveaclear imprint your fingers around theseat stay or chainstay for If you canfullyclose thecamleverwithout wrapping cam action retention devicetakes considerable force. lever andmake sure that thebrakes are operating correctly. frame andclears the brake pads; then squeeze the brake (9) Spin thewheel tomake surethat it is centered in the pad-to-rim clearance. in 3.c.(2)above, re-engageittorestorecorrectbrake (8) Ifyou disengaged thebrake quick-release mechanism again. clockwise one-quarterturnandtry tightening thelever position. Thenturnthe tension adjusting nutcounter- the seatstayor chainstay,return the leverto theOPEN cannot bepushedallthewayto aposition parallelto NOTE: If,on atraditional camaction system, thelever turer’s instructions. fasteners tothetorquespecificationsinhubmanufac (7) Withathrough-boltorbolt-on system, tighten the leave aclearimprintinthepalmofyour hand. around theforkbladeforleverage, andthelever should clamping force,you shouldhave towrap your fingers chain stay andcurved toward thewheel.To applyenough & b).Thelever shouldnowbeparallel totheseatstay or upwards andswingitintotheCLOSED position(fig. 8a (6) Withacamactionsystem,move thecamlever 20 WARNING: Securelyclampingthewheelwith a

- 19 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 20 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL how tocorrectlyclampyourseatpost. 1. Askyourdealertohelpyoumakesureknow cause youtolosecontrolandfall.Therefore: seat postcanallowthesaddletoturnormoveand difference betweensafeand unsafeclampingforce. than halfaturnofthetension adjustingnutcanmake the the camlever fromrotatingreducesclamping force.Less clamping force;turningitcounterclockwisewhilekeeping wise whilekeeping thecamlever fromrotating increases adjusting nut.Turning thetensionadjustingnutclock amount ofclampingforceiscontrolledby thetension the seatposttoholdsecurelyinplace. The The actionofthecamsqueezes theseatcollararound Adjusting theseatpostcamactionmechanism post issecurelyclamped. 3. Beforeyouridethebike,firstcheckthatseat clamping yourseatpost. 2. Understandandapplythecorrecttechniquefor (see fig.8a). an over-center camactiontofirmlyclamptheseatpost lever ononeendandanuttheother, thebinderuses While acamactionbinderlookslike alongboltwith the traditional wheelcamactionfastener(Section4.A.2) binder. Theseatpostcamactionbinderworksexactlylike Some bikes areequippedwithacamactionseatpost B. SeatPostCamActionClamp can getitwill notclamptheseatpost safely. with theother handuntileverything is astightyou nut withone handandturningthelever likeawingnut needed toclamptheseat postsecurely.Holdingthe WARNING: Ridingwithanimproperlytightened WARNING: Thefullforce ofthecamactionis

- nut clockwiseaquarterturn;thentryagain. insufficient. Openthelever;turntensionadjusting a clearimprintinthepalmofyourhand,tensionis a frametubeforleverage,andtheleverdoesnotleave without wrappingyourfingersaroundtheseatpostor equipped with abrakeforce 4. Somebicycle brakesare particular carewhenusing them. with thesebrakesandexercise extra careinbecomingfamiliar are extremelypowerful. Take linear-pull brakes(fig. 12), as discbrakes(fig.11) and 3. Somebicyclebrakes,such result inseriousinjuryordeath. may pitchtherideroverhandlebars,which fall. Suddenorexcessiveapplicationofthefront brake up awheel,whichcouldcauseyoutolosecontrol and 2. Applyingbrakestoohardorsuddenlycan lock is dangerousandcanresultinseriousinjuryordeath. pads, orwheelsonwhichtherimwearmarkisvisible 1. Ridingwithimproperlyadjustedbrakes,worn brake a Coaster Brake andis described in Appendix C. hub brake isoperated by pedaling backwards. Thisis called bar mounted lever. On some models of bicycle, the internal hub brakes. All three can beoperated by way of a handle- a hub-mounted disc between twobrake pads; and internal two brake pads;disc brakes, whichoperate by squeezing brakes, which operate by squeezing the wheel rim between There are three general types of bicycle brakes: rim C) BRAKES WARNING: Ifyoucanfullyclosethecamlever WARNING: brake; but,tocheckhowyour bike’s brakes are setup the rearbrake andtheleftbrake lever controls thefront U.S. therightbrake lever controls on your bike. Traditionally, inthe brake lever controlswhichbrake that you learnandrememberwhich It’s very importanttoyour safety 1. Brakecontrolsandfeatures replacement parts. manufacturer-approved genuine or damagedparts,useonly 7. Ifyouarereplacingworn contact thebrakemanufacturer. instructions, seeyourdealeror do nothavethemanufacturer’s pads mustbereplaced.Ifyou brake of your brakes, andforwhen instructions foroperationandcare 6. Seethebrakemanufacturer’s has hadplentyoftimetocool. not totouchadiscbrakeuntilit hot withextendeduse.Becareful 5. Discbrakescangetextremely performance characteristics. care inbecomingfamiliarwithits brake forcemodulator,takeextra If yourbikeisequippedwitha force untilfullisachieved. gentle, progressivelyincreasing initial brakeleverforcemore force. Amodulatormakesthe progressive applicationofbraking is designedtoprovideamore control cablerunsandwhich device throughwhichthebrake modulator, asmall,cylindrical

You need to practice slowing and stopping smoothly most of your stoppingforce andall directional control. and starts to skid. Once thetire skids, you actually lose the pointjustbefore the wheel “locks up”(stops rotating) the bike. Maximum braking forcefor each wheel occurs at Brakes aredesigned to controlyour speed, not just tostop free ofdirt,lubricants,waxes orpolishes. and brake pads orthediskrotorandcaliperclean have maximumfrictionavailable, keep your wheelrims between thebraking surfaces.To make surethatyou The braking actionofabicycle isafunctionofthefriction 2. Howbrakeswork brakes workcorrectlybeforeyou getonthebike. 12, 13.14&15)andcheckeachtimetomake sureboth way thebrake quickreleaseworksonyour bike (seefigs. Ask your dealertomake surethatyou understandthe release isintheopenposition,brakes areinoperative. a wheelisremoved orreinstalled.Whenthebrake quick mechanism toallowthebrake padsto clearthetirewhen Most rimbrakes have someformofquick-release lever design. you may needadifferentbrake lever reachmay beadjustable;or dealer beforeridingthebike. The levers comfortably, consult your are toosmalltooperate the levers comfortably. If your hands reach andsqueeze thebrake Make surethatyour handscan lever. the samewithotherbrake front orrear, engages.Nowdo and looktoseewhichbrake, this way, squeeze onebrake lever 22

21 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 22 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL wet weather. Itwilltake longertostop onloosesurfaces Everything changeswhenyou ride onloosesurfacesorin there isnotraffic orotherhazards anddistractions. Practice braking andweighttransfer techniques where increasing theweighttransfer (seealsoSection4.F). suspension fork.Front “dips”underbraking, transfer iseven morepronouncedifyour bike hasafront controlling wheellockupand weighttransfer. Thisweight Two keys toeffective speedcontrolandsafestoppingare descents shiftweightforward. force. Thisiseven moreimportantondescents,because both decreaserearbraking andincreasefrontbraking on totherearwheel;andatsametime,you needto body toward therearofbike, totransfer weightback your weight istransferred forward, you needto shiftyour up withlessbrake pressure.So, asyou applybrakes and pressure beforelockup;awheelwithlessweightwill lock A wheelwithmoreweightonitwillacceptgreaterbrake which couldsendyou flying over thehandlebars). wheel (or, underheavy braking, aroundthefront wheelhub, it was going.This causes atransfer ofweight to the front slow, butyour bodywants to continue atthespeedwhich When you applyone or bothbrakes, the bike begins to each brake lever, untilthewheel locks. your bike andapplying different amounts of pressure to To betterunderstandthis,experiment a little by walking each wheel at different speeds and on different surfaces. feel for the amountof brake lever pressurerequired for rotating justshortof lockup. It’s important to develop a to lock up, release pressure just a littleto keep the wheel increasing the braking force. If you feel thewheel begin appropriate braking force, squeeze thelever, progressively brake lever to the position where you thinkyou’ll generate progressive brake modulation. Insteadof jerkingthe without locking upa wheel. Thetechniqueiscalled

example, you can select a gear which willmake pedaling Rear Derailleur and Shifting the Front Derailleur below). For derailleur (for details, read the instructions on Shifting the derailleur is the oppositeof what’s happeningat the rear gear. What’s confusing is that what’s happening at the front to pedal. Anupshiftis a shift to a “faster”, harder to pedal gear,A downshift is a shift toa “slower” onewhichiseasier The vocabulary of shifting can bepretty confusing. and toshowyou howtheywork. explain thetype ofshiftingcontrolsthatareonyour bike, brake controlsandpush-buttons.Askyour dealerto controls: levers, twistgrips, triggers,combinationshift/ There areseveral differenttypes andstyles ofshifting A) ShiftingGears • adrive chain • one,twoorthreefrontsprockets calledchainrings • oneortwoshifters • usuallyafrontderailleur • arearderailleur • arearcassetteorfreewheelsprocket cluster changing mechanismwillhave: If your bicycle hasaderailleur drivetrain, thegear- 1. Howaderailleurdrivetrainworks a combinationof the two. an internalgear hub drivetrain or, insome special cases, Your multi-speed bicycle will have a derailleur drivetrain, D) SHIFTINGGEARS on looseorwetsurfacesistogomoreslowly. reduces theirability togrip. Theway tomaintaincontrol with lessbrake force.Moistureordirtonthebrake pads have lesscorneringandbraking traction andcanlockup or inwetweather. Tireadhesionisreduced,sothewheels

if you are pedaling forward. under at least some tension. A derailleur will shift only requires that the drive chain be moving forward and be or downshifting, the bicycle derailleur systemdesign pedaling effort, but takes you ratios. Using them requires less sprockets produce lower gear of the pedal cranks. The larger distance with each revolution effort, buttakes you a greater gears requires greater pedaling gear ratios. Pedaling in thehigher on thegear cluster producehigher to another. The smaller sprockets drive chain from one gear sprocket the rear derailleur is to move the the rightshifter. The function of The rearderailleur iscontrolledby B) ShiftingtheRear Derailleur for speed and iscalled an upshift. chain out oraway from the centerline of the bike is and climbingis called a downshift. Moving the in towards the centerline of the bike is for accelerating things straight is to remember that shifting the chain a downshift looks like anupshift.Theway tokeep at therear. So, at the rear gear cluster, whatiscalled at thefront, orupthegear “steps” to a larger gear shift thechaindowngear“steps”toa smaller gear easier ona hill (make a downshift) in oneof twoways: to thebicycle. chain andcauseseriousdamage the shifter.Thiscouldjam backwards afterhavingmoved pedaling backward,norpedal CAUTION: Nevermovetheshifterwhile

Whether upshifting Whether upshifting

mechanical adjustment. Seeyour dealer forhelp. have difficulties withshifting,theproblemcouldbe to alowergearbeforethe hillgetstoosteep. Ifyou train. Learntoanticipatetheneed shift, andshift they may causeunacceptable stressonthedrive gearcombinationsbecause or “largesttolargest” Learn nottouseeitherthe “smallesttosmallest” or othertraffic, until you’ve builtup your confidence. practice shiftingwheretherearenoobstacles,hazards a feelforthedifferentgearcombinations.At first, experiment withupshiftinganddownshiftingtoget let you startfromastopwithout wobbling—and enough forquickacceleration buteasyenough to right foryour level ofability —agearwhichishard whichis sequence. Instead,findthe“startinggear” greatest speed.Itisnotnecessarytoshiftgearsin rear andlargestfrontcombination[Fig.16]isforthe gears [Fig.16]isforthesteepesthills.Thesmallest The combinationoflargestrearandsmallestfront D) WhichgearshouldIbein? larger chainringmakes pedalingharder(anupshift). makes pedalingeasier(adownshift).Shiftingtoa chainrings. Shiftingthechainontoasmallerchainring shifter, shiftsthechainbetweenlargerandsmaller The frontderailleur, whichiscontrolledby theleft C) ShiftingtheFrontDerailleur rider mustbe pedaling forward. to move the chain from one sprocket to another, the sprocket results in an upshift. In order for the derailleur Moving thechain from a larger sprocket to a smaller cluster toa largersprocket results in a downshift. Moving thechain from a smaller sprocket of the gear a shorter distancewith each pedalcrank revolution. 23 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 24 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL the chaincouldjam,causingyou to lose control andfall. smoothly. The derailleur maybeout of adjustmentand or the smallest sprocket ifthe derailleur isnot shifting from aharder, geartoan easier, “faster” gear “slower” gear(like 2or3)iscalledan upshift.Shifting “faster” Shifting fromaneasier, gear(like 1)toaharder, “slower” The numericallylargestgear isforthegreatestspeed. The numericallylowestgear (1)isforthesteepesthills. b. WhichgearshouldI be in? pedals for an instantto allow the hub tocompletetheshift. the gear position of your choice, ease the pressureonthe the desiredgear ratio. Afteryou have moved theshifter to matter of moving the shifter to the indicated position for Shifting with an internal gear hub drivetrain is simply a a. Shiftinginternalgearhubgears • adrive chain • onefrontsprocket calledachainring • oneortwocontrolcables • one,orsometimestwoshifters • gear changingmechanismwillconsistof: If your bicycle hasaninternalgearhubdrivetrain, the 2. Howaninternalgearhubdrivetrainworks your dealertohave itadjusted. the mechanismisoutofadjustment.Take thebike to result inasmoothshifttothenextgearchancesarethat If moving theshiftcontroloneclickrepeatedlyfailsto shiftgears? E) Whatifitwon’t internal gearhub a 3,5,7,8,12speedorpossiblyaninfinitely variable WARNING: Never shiftaderailleur onto the largest

25 and theoutside pedal down whenmakingsharpturns. you haveoverlapor not, youmustkeeptheinsidepedalup and shoesyou willuse results inpedaloverlap.Whether combination of framesize,crankarmlength,pedaldesign and fall.Askyour dealer to helpyou determineifthe are designed to add safety by increasing adhesionbetween sharp andpotentially dangerous surfaces. These surfaces Some bicycles2. come equippedwithpedalsthat have the groundinaturn. technique willalsoprevent theinsidepedalfromstriking the outsidepedaldownwhenturning.Onany bicycle, this bicycles, andisavoided by keeping theinsidepedalupand the forwardmost position.Thisiscommononsmall-framed when you turnthehandlebarstosteerwhileapedal isin 1. Toe Overlap iswhenyour toecantouchthefrontwheel E) PEDALS dealer to have itadjusted. the mechanism is out of adjustment.Take the bike toyour result in a smooth shift to the next gear chances arethat If moving theshift control one click repeatedly fails to c. Whatifitwon’tshiftgears? your dealerforhelp. shifting, theproblemcouldbemechanicaladjustment.See before thehillgetstoosteep. Ifyou have difficultieswith to anticipatetheneedshift,andshiftalowergear other traffic, until you’ve builtup your confidence.Learn practice shifting wheretherearenoobstacles,hazardsor downshifting togetafeelforthedifferentgears.At first, without wobbling—andexperimentwithupshifting acceleration buteasyenoughtoletyou startfromastop conditions —agearwhichishardenoughforquick forthe in sequence.Instead,findthe“startinggear” is calledadownshift.Itnotnecessarytoshiftgears WARNING: Toe Overlap could cause you to lose control WARNING: Toe Overlap couldcauseyou to lose control it. Neverrideintraffic withyour toe straps tight. confidence ingetting inand out of thepedalswarrants loose, anddon’t tighten them until your technique and are no obstacles, hazardsor traffic. Keep the straps fall. Practicetheuseof toeclips andstraps wherethere the rider’sattention, causingyouto lose control and the techniquerequiresconcentration whichcandistract acquired withpractice.Untilitbecomes areflexaction, toeclips andstraps requiresskillwhichcan only be only engage or disengagewithavery specificmotion into amating spring-loadedfixtureon thepedal.They plate, called a “cleat,” onthe soleof the shoe, which clicks position formaximumpedaling efficiency. Theyhave a are anothermeanstokeep feetsecurelyinthecorrect 4. Cliplesspedals(sometimes called“step-inpedals”) not beusedwithtoeclipsandstraps. more difficultfor you toinsertorremove your footshould with deeptreadedsolesorweltswhichmightmake it dealer canexplainhowtoeclipsandstraps work.Shoes with cycling shoesdesignedforusewithtoeclips.Your benefit withany kindofshoe,theyworkmosteffectively cycle of thepedal.While toeclips andstraps give some tightened, keeps thefootengagedthroughoutrotation gives maximumpedalingpower. Thetoestrap, when positions theballoffootover thepedalspindle,which positioned andengagedwiththepedals.Thetoeclip 3. Toeclips andstraps areameanstokeep feetcorrectly suitable recommendations. Your dealercan show you a number ofoptions and make less aggressive pedaldesign,orchosetoridewithshinpads. Based onyour ridingstyle orskill level, you may prefera to avoid serious injury from thepedals’ sharp surfaces. type ofhigh-performance pedal, you must take extra care the rider’s shoeandthe pedal. If your bicycle has this WARNING: Getting into and out of pedals with WARNING: Getting into andout of pedals with read and follow the suspension manufacturer’s setup and bicycle has a suspension system of any kind, be sure to too many to dealwith individually inthisManual. If your There are many different types of suspensionsystems— Many bicycles areequippedwithsuspension systems. F) BICYCLESUSPENSION the manufacturer. manufacturer’s instructions,seeyour dealerorcontact and serviceinstructions.Ifyou donothave the be suretofollowthepedalmanufacturer’s setup where therearenoobstacles,hazardsortraffic; and engaging anddisengagingcliplesspedalsinaplace causing theridertolosecontrolandfall.Practice concentration whichcandistract therider’s attention, foot becomesareflexaction,thetechniquerequires the footsafely. Untilengaginganddisengaging the Practice isrequiredtolearnengageanddisengage unintended releaseofyour footfromthepedal. make surethatthereissufficienttensiontoprevent and disengagingbecomesareflexaction,butalways this adjustment.Usetheeasiestsettinguntilengaging instructions, oraskyour dealertoshowyou howtomake disengage thefoot.Follow thepedalmanufacturer’s to adjusttheamountofforceneededengageor Many cliplesspedalsaredesignedtoallowthe rider compatible withthemake andmodelpedalbeingused. Clipless pedalsrequireshoesandcleatswhichare which mustbepracticed untilitbecomesinstinctive. pedals correctly. pedal. Donotuseshoeswhichdoengagethe designed tofirmlykeepthefootengagedwith with shoesspecificallymadetofitthemandare 26 WARNING: Cliplesspedalsareintendedforuse

25 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 26 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL Failing to do so canresult incatastrophic frame failure. bicycle’s design, andwhether thewarranty willbevoided. make surethat what you wantto do iscompatible withthe the suspension of any Kona bicycle,checkwith Kona to some typesof suspension systems.Before retrofitting CAUTION: Not allbicycles canbesafelyretrofitted with learned tohandlethefull capabilities ofyour bike. take timeandpractice. Proceedcarefully untilyou have your owncapabilities asarider. Increasingyour skillwill not confusetheenhancedcapabilitiesofbicycle with capability may allowyou toridefaster;butyou must ing thewheelstobetterfollowterrain. Thisenhanced Suspension canincreasecontrolandcomfortby allow ment bytakingacarefultest rideinahazard-free area. characteristics of thebicycleafter asuspension adjust- always checkfor changesinthehandlingandbraking manufacturer’s instructions andrecommendations, and you arethoroughly familiarwith thesuspensionsystem bicycle. Neverchangesuspension adjustmentunless change thehandlingandbrakingcharacteristics of your WARNING: Changingsuspension adjustment can safely [see also Section 4.C]. with thissystem. Learn tohandleyour suspension system could lose control and fall if you do nothave experience when braking, thefront of a suspendedbike dips. You develop also increases your riskof injury. For example, If your bike has suspension, the increased speed you may the manufacturer. manufacturer’s instructions,seeyour dealer or contact service instructions. If you do not have the malfunction, whichmaycauseyou to lose control andfall. adjust thesuspension systemmayresultinsuspension WARNING: Failureto maintain, checkandproperly

27 with alabelon the rim. maximum tirepressure manufacturers also specify But somewheelrim you isTirePressure. is mostimportantto this information which Fig. 17]. Thepartof sidewall of the tire[see are marked onthe recommended use, tires thespecific high-performance rating, andonsome The size, pressure select themost appropriate design. better suit your ridingneeds, your dealer can helpyou with your new bike, you feel that a different tiremight or terrain conditions. If, once you’ve gained experience tires designed to perform best under very specific weather specifications, ranging from general-purpose designsto 1. TIRES: Bicycle tires areavailable in many designsand H) TIRESANDTUBES • • G) SERVICENOTESFORKONADUALSUSPENSION cause frame damage. Regularly inspect the bearings and kits and replacement rear stays are available from Kona. bushings. Contaminatedbearingscanrust&seize, and These bearingsalsorequiremoreattentionthando Cartridge bearingsgive thesuspension asmootherride. design, bearingsandbushingswillwearout.Bushing rigid andrequirelessmaintenancethanasinglepivot While Kona suspensionsystemsarevery torsionally make surethattheyallowthelinkagetomove freely.

very rapidly,whichcouldcausethetubetoexplode. air veryrapidly,andwillraisethepressureinyour tire tires. Theymovealargevolumeof not made forbicycle station airhosesorothercompressors.Theyare injury totheriderandbystanders. off therim,whichcouldcausedamagetobikeand recommended maximumpressuremayblowthetire on thetire,alwaysuselowerrating.Exceeding wheel rimislowerthanthemaximumpressureshown the wheelrim.Ifmaximumpressureratingfor maximum pressuremarkedonthetire’ssidewallor tube betweentherimand theridingsurface. allowing thetiretodeform sufficientlytopinchtheinner riding conditionscancause apunctureofthetubeby Tire pressurethatistoolow foryour weightandthe surfaces suchasdeep, drysand. slick terrain suchashard-packed clay, andondeep, loose pressure range, give thebestperformanceonsmooth, Very lowpressures,atthebottomofrecommended High pressuresworkbestonsmooth,drypavement. resistance; butalsoproducestheharshestride. recommended pressuregives thelowestrolling on tirepressure.Inflatingthetonearitsmaximum different terrain orweatherconditionsdependslargely or asapressurerange. Howatireperformsunder Tire pressureisgiven eitherasmaximumpressure pressure gauge. correct pressureiswitha bicycle pump which hasa built-in The bestandsafest way to inflate a bicycle tiretothe WARNING: Thereisasafetyriskinusinggas WARNING: Neverinflateatirebeyondthe and pushdown onthevalve stemtofreeit up. (counterclockwise) thevalve stem lock nut; bicycle pump, remove thevalve cap; unscrew inflate aPresta valve tubeusingaPrestaheaded diameter andisonlyfound onbicycle tires.To The Prestavalve [Fig.18b]hasanarrower with theend of a key orother appropriate object. valve, depressthe pin in the end of the valve stem end of thevalve stem. To let air outofa Schraeder the valve cap and clamp the pump fitting onto the a car tire. To inflate aSchraeder valve tire remove The Schraeder valve [Fig. 18a] is like the valve on appropriate tothevalve stemsonyour bicycle. Valve. Thebicycle pumpyou usemusthave thefitting bicycle tirevalves: TheSchraeder Valve andthePresta 2. TIREVALVES:Thereareprimarilytwokindsof high qualitydialgauge. consistent, accuratepressurereadings.Instead,usea can beinaccurateandshouldnotrelieduponfor sure that they are mounted torotate inthecorrect direction. rotation direction.If your bike has unidirectional tires,be unidirectional tirewillhave an arrow showing thecorrect one direction than intheother. Thesidewall marking of a treads: theirtread pattern isdesignedtoworkbetter in Some special high-performance tires have unidirectional important to check your tire pressures before every ride. be brought up to pressureevery week or two, so it is have access toagauge. Some tires maydon’t need to correctly inflated tiresshouldlookand feel when you inflation as describedin Section 1.C so you’ll knowhow dealer inflate your tiresto thatpressure.Then,check the kind of riding you will most often do, and have the Ask your dealer to recommend the best tire pressure for CAUTION: Penciltypeautomotivetiregauges

27 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 28 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL your dealerhow toproperlycomplete them.Improper adjustments orserviceonyourbicycle learnedfrom require special knowledgeandtools. Donotbeginany determining your maintenance requirements. geographic location. Consult yourdealerfor helpin be determinedbyeverything from yourridingstyleto is that your individual maintenance requirements will manual performed by your dealer.Equallyimportant maintenance whichisnot specifically describedinthis possible injury,it iscritical that you haveanyrepairor In order to helpminimizethe chancesof anaccidentand to properlyrepairand/ormaintainyourbicycle. for thismanualtoprovidealltheinformationrequired the paceofinnovationisincreasing.Itimpossible bicycles andbicyclecomponentsmorecomplex, as soonpossible. you toloosecontrolandfall.Replaceapatchedtube resulting inpossibletubefailure,whichcouldcause correctly orapplyseveralpatches,thetubecanfail, is anemergencyrepair.Ifyoudonotapplythepatch the bikeisfittedwithtubelesstires.Patchingatube a spareinnertubewhenyourideyourbike,unless 5. SERVICE valve stemlocknutanddepressthevalve stem. To letairoutofaPrestavalve, openupthe pump fitting.Closethe valve afterinflation. freed upthevalve. TheadapterfitsintotheSchraeder bike shop)whichscrewsontothevalve stemonceyou’ve fitting, you’ll needaPrestaadapter(available at your inflate. To inflateaPresta valve withaSchraeder pump Then pushthepumpheadontovalve head,and WARNING: Manybicycle serviceandrepairtasks WARNING: Technologicaladvanceshavemade WARNING: Wehighlyrecommendthatyoucarry

adjustment orservicemayresultindamagetothebi injury ordeath. cycle orinanaccidentwhichcancauseserious 1. Break-inPeriod: Your bike will lastlongerand work tools andprocedures specified by themanufacturer. facility by aqualifiedbicycle mechanicusing thecorrect and repairshouldbeperformed inaproperlyequipped should performyourself. Allotherservice,maintenance The followingareexamples ofthetype ofserviceyou knowledge beyond whatispresented inthismanual. formed by theowner, andrequirenospecial toolsor Some serviceandmaintenancecanshouldbeper A) SERVICEINTERVALS they requirereplacement. once you have learnedhowtoreplacesuchpartswhen light bulbs,etc.itwouldbeappropriateforyou tohave guidance onwhatspareparts,suchasinnertubes, We alsorecommendthatyou askyour dealerfor there may beamodestchargeforthisservice. correctly. Sincethatwillrequire the timeofamechanic, ride thebike, justtomake surethatyou dideverything the firsttime you work onsomethingandbefore you that you ask your dealertocheckthequality ofyour work Regardless ofwhichoptionyou select,werecommend courses inyour area. 3. Askyour dealerabouttheavailability ofbicycle repair 2. Ask your dealer to recommend a book on bicycle repair. your bike, orcontactthecomponentmanufacturer. installation and service instructions for the components on 1. Askyour dealerforcopiesofthemanufacturer’s on your bike, you have threeoptions: If you want tolearndomajorserviceandrepairwork

- - • • • 20 hoursofriding: 4. Aftereverylongorhardrideafter 10 to the recommendedlubricationfrequencyforyour area. climate. Talk toyour dealeraboutthebestlubricantsand lubricant withalint-free cloth.Lubricationisafunctionof a goodquality bicycle chain lubricant.Wipeoffexcess Clean thebike and lightly lubricatethechain’s rollers with exposed towater or grit;oratleastevery 100miles: 3. Aftereverylongorhardride:ifthebike hasbeen 2. take itto your dealer before riding it again. use. But if you thinksomething is wrong withthebike, about 10to 15 hours of on-road or more casual off-road bike in after three to five hours of hard off-road use, or to judge when it’s time forthefirst checkup istobringthe you bringthebike in fora 30 day checkup. Anotherway back tothedealer for a checkup. Dealers typically suggest everything seemsfine to you, it’s besttotake your bike identify some things that need readjustment. But even if Your Mechanical Safety Check [Section 1.C] will help you is first usedandmay requirereadjustment by your dealer. and wheel spokes when a newbikemay stretch or “seat” better if you break itin before ridingithard.Control cables Grab onepedalandrock it toward and away from the centerline check it. steering, you may have a tighthead set.Have your dealer side. Feel smooth?If you feel any binding or roughness in the Lift the front wheel off the ground and swing itfrom sideto headset. Have your dealercheck it. backward movement of the bike, you probably have a loose Everything feel solid? If you feel a clunkwith each forward or Squeeze thefront brake and rock thebike forward and back. Before everyride:MechanicalSafety Check [Section1.C]

and indicate that a part is at the end of its useful life and indicate that apartisattheend of itsusefullife and discoloration aresigns of stress-causedfatigue injury or death to the rider.Scratches, cracks,fraying can suddenlyandcatastrophically fail,causingserious component’s lifecycle isexceeded,thecomponent at differentratesand have different lifecycles.Ifa materials andmechanisms wearorfatiguefrom stress its components are subjectto wearandstress. Different • • • • • • • 30 secure, andtighten any whichare not. Check to make surethat all partsandaccessoriesare still scratches. Consult your dealerif you seeany rim damage. Check the wheel rims for excess wear, dings,dentsand dealer replace them if necessary. Check the tires forexcess wear, cuts or bruises. Have your wheel for tension and trueness. about thesame?If any feel loose, have your dealer check the wheel betweenyour thumb and indexfinger. Do they all feel Squeeze each adjoining pair of spokes on either side of each Kinks? Fraying? If so, have your dealerreplacethem Carefully check thecontrol cables andcablehousings.Any rust? replace them. ting thewheel rim squarely? Time to have the dealer adjustor Take alookatthebrake pads.Starting to look wornor not hit feel loose? If so, have your dealer check it. of thebike; then do thesame with the other pedal. Anything Appendix B [p.38]. end of itsuseful life and needs to be replaced. See also of stress-caused fatigue and indicate that a part is at the deep scratches, cracks ordiscoloration. These are signs joints; the handlebars; the stem; and the seatpost for any Check the frame, particularly in the area around all tube WARNING: Like any mechanical device, a bicycle and WARNING: Likeanymechanical device,abicycleand .

- 29 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 30 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL Bike anditsComponents[p.38] qualified mechanic. have beendisassembled andthoroughlyinspectedby a sustained animpactmust notberiddenuntilthey handlebars, stems,cranksets, brakes, etc.whichhave Carbon compositecomponents,includingfames,wheels, take your bike toyour dealerfora thorough check. Next, checkyour bike fordamage.Afterany crash, best you can.Seekmedicalhelpifnecessary. First, checkyourself forinjuries,andtake careofthemas B) IFYOURBICYCLESUSTAINSANIMPACT 6. gear, thederailleur isoutofadjustment.Seeyour dealer. shiftsmoothlyandquietlyfromgearto If thechainwon’t dealer checkthebrakes. ridethebike.Safety Have Check[Section1.C], don’t your 5. Asrequired: and itsComponents, startingonpage38. Please besureto readAppendixB,Lifespanof YourBike bicycle iscovered subject to theterms ofthewarranty. be broken or willlastforever. Itonly meansthatthe warranty isnot meant to suggestthat thebicyclecannot treatment to whichyou submitthebicycle. Thebicycle’s is often relatedto thekindof ridingyou doandto the product willlasttheterm of thewarranty. Product life time bythe manufacturer,thisisno guarantee that the may becoveredbyawarrantyfor aspecifiedperiod of workmanship of your bicycleor ofindividualcomponents and needsto bereplaced.Whilethe materialsand to fatigueprematurely. Componentssuffering from ordinary stress onbicyclecomponents, causingthem riding: Take your bike to your dealer for a complete checkup. Every 25(hardoff-road) to 50(on-road) hours of WARNING: Acrashorother impactcanputextra Ifeitherbrake lever failstheMechanical See alsoAppendixB,Lifespan ofYour . 31 likely to be comfortable for most buyers of that particular select a saddle shape based on their best guess of what’s thickness ormaterial of the padding. Bicycle manufacturers the saddle shape relates to the rider’s body than onthe The comfort of a bicycle saddle dependsmuch more on how most important comfort accessory. length andrise) is correct, the saddle becomesthesingle Once thebike fit (frame size, saddle positionandangle,stem A) COMFORT&PERFORMANCEACCESSORIES understand theanswers. your problem orquestion,andmake surethatyou really to your dealer. Make surethatthedealerunderstands If you have aproblemwithyour bike oryour riding,talk know your questionsoryour needsunlessyou tellthem. or accessorywillmeetyour specialneeds,but theycan’t can explaintoyou howsomething works,orwhatpart knowledge, experience,skillorcommonsense.They nor cantheyassumeresponsibility foryour lackof But your dealer’s make decisionsforyou; staffcan’t your budget. have thechoiceswhichbestmeetyour needsand products ofavariety ofmanufacturerssothatyou can advice andcompetentservice.Your dealercarriesthe knowledge, toolsandexperiencetogive you reliable enjoyment fromit.Your bike shop’s staffhasthe your equipmentsothatyou cangetthemaximum riding thatyou intendtodo;andhelpyou maintain accessories whicharemostappropriateforthekindof Your dealerisheretohelpyou get thebike and 6. ABOUTYOURKONADEALER causing lossofcontrol,seriousinjuryordeath. stress fatiguecanfailsuddenlyandcatastrophically,

accessories thatcanincrease your cycling enjoyment. Your dealer hasmany other comfort andperformance longer ride exercise. Awater bottleisanessentialcompanionona It’s importanttodrinkplenty ofliquidsbeforeandduring comfort andperformance. of special materials with properties thatimprove riding bangaroundwhenyou ride. Many carry don’t are made jerseys have pockets in theback, so thatthethings you reduce chafing when worn with regularstreetclothes.The chafing. Also available are undergarments designedto underwear toavoid theundergarment’s bunching upand cushions andprotectsagainstchafing. Wear them without chafing. The washable padinthe crotch oftheshorts both cycling shorts. Both are designedtoreduce friction and shorts: thetraditional skin-tight Lycra shorts and loose-fit and comfortaccessories. There are two kinds of cycling Cycling shorts and cycling jerseys are bothperformance provide someabrasion protectionfor your hands if you fall. andthey’ll can become quite painful if not taken care of), handlebars (thenumbness,called carpaltunnelsyndrome, keep your hands from getting numb from the vibration of the bike, get a pair of cycling gloves. Their padded palms help If you’re planning to spend an hourormore at atime on your is uncomfortable, ask your dealer to suggest analternative. covering materialsandprices. If thesaddle on your new bike stocks saddleswhich offer a variety of shapes, padding, most comfortableshapefor you. That’s why your dealer mean it’sbicycle model.But thatdoesn’t goingtobethe . http://www.konaworld.com The KonaWorld websiteislocatedat: questions, contact: e-mail at If you have furtherTechnical questions,contactusby KONAWORLD WEBSITE 32 [email protected]. For General &Sales [email protected]

. 31 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 32 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL order toobtain service under this Limited Warranty, the original of theKona bicycle. Thislimitedwarranty is not transferable. In remain inforce only as long as the originalowner retains ownership Kona bicycle purchased from an authorized Kona dealer, and itshall This limited warranty is made onlyto the originalownerofthis GENERAL PROVISIONS bicycle frame. and shipping charges connectedwith the repair or replacement of the and subjecttothis limited warranty. Theoriginalownershallpay all labor sole option,the bicycle frame if Kona determinestheframe isdefective FRAMES. During this warranty period,Kona shall repair orreplace, at its THE ORIGINALOWNER,WITH THE EXCEPTION OFCARBONBIKES & of thebicycle, THE WARRANTY IS EXTENDED FORTHE LIFETIME OF registered withKona NOLESS THAN THREEMONTHS after the purchase for aTHREE YEAR period forthe ORIGINAL OWNER. If the warranty is ized Kona dealer shall be free of defective materials or workmanship owner thattheframe ofthisnewKona bicycle purchasedfroman author receive standard 3 year warranty.) Kona further warrants to theoriginal months ofpurchase. Un-registered purchases andALLCARBONFRAMES (*When warranty on non-carbon bikes & frames is registeredwithin three ONBICYCLELIFETIME LIMITEDWARRANTY FRAME* replacement of all parts. original ownershall pay all labor chargesconnected with therepairor found by Kona tobedefective and subjecttothislimitedwarranty. The riod, Kona shallrepair or replace, at its sole option, all parts thatare operated under normalconditionsand use.During this one-year pe from the date of originalpurchase inthe United States or Canada and free of defective materials and workmanship for a period of one year Kona warrants to the original owner that this new Kona bicycle shall be ONE YEARLIMITEDWARRANTYONCOMPLETEBICYCLE limited Warranty: Kona Bicycle Company (“Kona” )makes thefollowing 7. LIMITEDWARRANTY - 33 - ONLY IFBICYCLE ISASSEMBLEDBYANAUTHORIZED KONADEALER FOR THE SPECIFICWARRANTYINYOURCOUNTRY. WARRANTYVALID WARRANTY ONLYAPPLIESINU.S.A. ANDCANADA. SEE YOURDEALER STATED IN THELIMITED WARRANTY. KONA DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ORMAKE ANY WARRANTY EXCEPT AS OR OTHERWISE MODIFIED BY ANY KONA DEALER, AGENT OREMPLOYEE, AND THE LIMITED WARRANTY SETFORTH HEREINMAY NOT BE EXTENDED, ENLARGED NOT APPLY TO YOU. LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS SET FORTH IN THISLIMITED WARRANTY MAY EXCLUSION OFINCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES; SO, THE ABOVE TO SOME PROVINCE. STATES OR DO PROVINCES NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS OR HAVE OTHER LEGAL RIGHTS VARY WHICH FROM STATE TO STATE ORPROVINCE THIS LIMITED WARRANTY GIVESYOU SPECIFIC LEGALRIGHTS; YOU MAY ALSO MENTS OF WARRANTY AREEXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OFALLOTHER REMEDIES. TIAL OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY ANY PARTY. THEFOREGOING STATE KONA SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUEN ITED IN SCOPEAND DURATION INWITH ACCORDANCE THISLIMITED WARRANTY. OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE, SHALL BE LIM CABLE TO KONA BICYCLES. ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES THIS LIMITED WARRANTY ISTHE ONLY EXPRESS OR LIMITED WARRANTY APPLI bicycle riding, commercial use or rental use) of the Kona bicycle. limitation bicycle racing, bicycle motocross, stunt bicycling, naked alteration, modification, accident,ormisuse (including without failures that result from theabuse,neglect, improper maintenance, not apply to normal wear and tear, nor to defects, malfunctions or the Kona bicyclebyframenumber.This Limited Warranty does of saleor other dated proof of purchasedocument identifying online registration athttp://www.konaworld.com andthe bill document identifyingtheKonawarrantycard,or proof of bicycle to anauthorized Kona dealer,together with the owner mustdeliverthe fullyassembledandcomplete Kona - . -

- - dangerous. can behazardous.Usingyourbikethewrongwayis use. Choosingthewrongbicycleforyourpurpose Consult your dealer about how you intend to useyour bike. Industry usageconditions aregeneralizedandevolving. uses ofvarious types ofbikes. On thefollowingpages,we generally outlinetheintended performance ofabicycle for acertainpurpose. such asthechoiceoftirescanimprove ordiminishthe Do your ownhomework.Seeminglysmallchanges someone withexpertiseintheareathatinterestsyou. certain purposes.Visityour bicycle shopandfind Within eachoftype ofbicycle, onecanoptimize for loads onatour. For that purposeyou want atouring bike. of aracing bike, butarenotwellsuitedforcarryingheavy have thelowgearingofatouringbike, thequickhandling there areroad/racing bikes withtriplecranks. Thesebikes There arealsobicycles thatmixfeatures.For example, touring, cyclocross andtandembicycles. There aremany types ofmountain,road,racing, hybrid, types ofbicycles andmany variations withineachtype. and helpyou understanditslimitations. Therearemany retailer canhelpyou pickthe“righttoolforjob” No onetype ofbicycle issuitedforallpurposes.Your Intended useofyour bicycle Appendix A WARNING: Understandyourbikeanditsintended

be aruggedworkhorse.SeealsoAppendixB. broken inacrash. Theyarenotdesignedtotake abuseor inspection. Theseframes arelikely tobedamagedor weigh more.Allframes thatarevery lightneedfrequent weight over moredentresistantorruggedframes that weight andalongerframe life,(4)you arechoosinglight choosing lightweight(shorterframe life)over moreframe aggressive riderwillenjoy longerframe life,(3)you are advantage over arelatively shortproductlife,(2)aless aggressive racer orcompetitive cyclist aperformance that (1)thesetypes ofbikes areintendedtogive an weight andspecificperformance. You mustunderstand Zing AL,CR,Roadhouse, MAXIMUM WEIGHTLIMIT Esatto DDL,Esatto D,Esatto Fast,Esatto TRADE OFF Wagon 3, 275 /125 lbs /kg RIDER PaddyWagon,

Material useisoptimized todeliver bothlight LUGGAGE* INTENDED ground contact. surface wherethetiresdonotlose Bikes designed forridingonapaved CONDITION 1 High-Performance Road NOT INTENDED roads only. or touringwithracks orpanniers. 10 /4.5 lbs /kg Honky Tonk, Ti Esatto, Honky Tonk, TiEsatto,

To beriddenonpaved 285 /129 lbs /kg TOTAL

Penthouse, Paddy Penthouse, Paddy

For off-road, cyclocross,

33 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 34 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL MAXIMUM WEIGHTLIMIT Dew, Ute, Humuhumu,SpliceDL, AL, BigRove ST,Coco, Dew DL,DewPlus,Dewey, Sutra, SutraLTD,TiRove, Rove ST,Rove AL,BigRove tires. want moretiredurability talktoyour dealerabout wider If you rideongravel ordirtpaths,carryheavier loadsor tires thatarebestsuitedtofasterridingonpavement. to gravel ordirtpaths.Somecomewithrelatively narrow Some comewithrelatively widetiresthatare wellsuited comfort, notoff-road capability. pension features,butthesefeaturesaredesignedtoadd for any kindofjumping.Somethesebikes have sus NOT INTENDED bike paths. 300 /136 300 /136 lbs /kg RIDER for Touring orTrekking

LUGGAGE dirt roadsthatareingoodcondition,and INTENDED tires donotlosegroundcontact. trails withmoderate grades wherethe plus smoothgravel roadsandimproved Bikes designed forridingCondition1, CONDITION 2 General PurposeRiding *Seat Bag /Handlebar Bag Only For off-road ormountainbike use,or lbs /kg 55 /25 30 /14 For paved roads,gravel or 355 /161 285 /129 lbs /kg TOTAL

- 35 Big Unit,Wo,Raijin,Hula, Makena Mohala, Kahuna,Kahuna DL,KahunaDDL,Unit, Cone, Explosif,Explosif Ti,LavaDome,Mahuna, DL Trail, Tika, Blast,Cinder Lana'i, Fire Mountain, Hei Hei Race,DL Race,HeiTrail, pedalling efficiency anduphill speed Country and Marathon bikes trade off someruggednessfor uphill, and morenimble than All-Mountain bikes. Cross- TRADE OFF Cross-Country bikes are lighter, faster toride and hammeringthroughobstacles. extreme riding.Nospendingtimeintheairlanding hard Downhill, DirtJumping,Slopestyle, orvery aggressive or NOT INTENDED is intendedtomove quicklyontheground. force. Suspensiontravel isrelatively shortsincethebike trains) arelight-weight, favoring nimble speedover brute and marathon equipment(tires,shocks,frames, drive surfaces andhardpackdepressions).Cross-country (e.g., hillywithsmallobstacleslike roots,rocks,loose ranges from mildtoaggressive over intermediateterrain INTENDED some lightweightrearsuspensionmodels. For cross-countryridingandracing which suspension areCondition3,andso jumping. Allmountainbikes withoutrear contact withthegroundmay occur. NOT areas wheremomentarylossoftire and smoothtechnicalareas,including and 2,plusroughtrails, smallobstacles, Bikes designed forridingConditions1 CONDITION 3 Cross-Country, Marathon,Hardtails For HardcoreFreeriding, Extreme

ing such as hardcore mountain, Freeriding, Downhill, North ing such as hardcore mountain,Freeriding, Downhill, North MAXIMUM WEIGHTLIMIT NOT INTENDED retailer aboutyour needs and thesemodels. models that are more or less heavy duty. Talk toyour wide range of intendeduse, and within this range are that fitthe intermediateintended use,(5)cover a fairly (4) intermediate in suspension travel andusecomponents terrain, over larger obstaclesand moderate jumps, country bike, allowingthemto be ridden in more difficult (3) heavier andhave more suspension travel thanacross (2) lighter and more nimble than Freeride bikes, but lessheavy duty thanFreeridebikes, Front suspensionframes manufacturedwith original equipmentseatstay anddropout 300 /136 300 /136 lbs /kg RIDER rack mountsonly *Seat BagOnly LUGGAGE* heavy duty than cross country bikes, All-Mountain bicycles are: (1) more INTENDED jumps. moderately sized obstacles,and small 2, and 3, plusroughtechnicalareas, Bikes designed forriding Conditions 1, CONDITION 4 All Mountain

lbs /kg 55 /25 For use in extreme formsofjumping/rid - 5 /2.3 For trail and uphill riding. 355 /161 305 /138

lbs /kg TOTAL

TRADE OFF time intheairlandinghard and hammering through obstacles. suspension travel or heavy duty components; andno spending launches (woodenstructures,dirt embankments) requiring long Shore, Dirt Jumping,Hucking etc. No large drop offs,jumps or

MAXIMUM WEIGHTLIMIT Shred, Stinky24,Shred20 120, TiHonzo,HonzoALDL,AL, ST, Process 153,Precept150,130, Process 134DL,134,153 Process 111DL,111,134Supreme, must not beusedfor more extreme riding and terrain. All-Mountain bikes are not as rugged Freeride bikes and more nimbleand easier to ride uphill than Freeride bikes. than crosscountrybikes. All-Mountain bikes are lighter, All-Mountain bikes are heavier andhardertoride uphill cross countrybikes, for riding moredifficultterrain. *Seat Bag /Handlebar Bag Only 36 300 /136 lbs /kg RIDER

All-Mountain bikes are morerugged than LUGGAGE* lbs /kg 5 /2.3 305 /138

lbs /kg TOTAL

35 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 36 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL Read Section2.F, p. 10. NOT INTENDED injured, paralyzed or killed. result in an accident,where you could be seriously bad luck, or ridingbeyond your capabilities can easily change thisreality. In this kind of riding, bad judgment, Appropriate equipment, suchas a Freeridebike, does not Freeride bikes aredesignedfor is inherently dangerous. a Freeridebike. The terrain and type of ridingthat there isnoguarantee thatextreme riding will not break that fitheavy duty intendeduse. While all thatistrue, (2) the longest in suspension travel andusecomponents difficult terrain, over largerobstacles and largerjumps, All-Mountain bikes, allowingthemto be ridden in more (1) heavier andhave more suspension travel than evolving. Gravity, Freeride, and Downhill bikes are: “extreme” riding and theterms describing it are constantly hardcore mountain, north shore,slopestyle. This is Gravity, Freeride, and Downhill aretermswhich describe terrain thatonlyvery skilledridersshouldattempt. INTENDED helmet, pads, andbody armor. comprehensive safety equipment such as a full-face and replacementofequipment.You should also wear safety precautions such as more frequent bike inspections ride in Condition 5terrain, you shouldtake appropriate

For ridingthat includes themostdifficult frame, fork, or parts.If you chooseto on a bicycle which may overload the hazardous and puts unpredictable forces However, this type of riding is extremely surfaces, or landing onflat surfaces. speeds, or aggressive ridingonrougher Bikes designed forjumping, hucking, high CONDITION 5 Gravity, Freeride,andDownhill To beanexcuse to tryanything.

INTENDED helmet, pads, and body armor. equipment suchas a full-face safety comprehensive wear inspections and replacement of equipment.You should also appropriate safety precautions such asmorefrequent bike If you chooseto ride in Condition 5terrain, you should take *Seat Bag MAXIMUM WEIGHTLIMIT Precept 200,Process167 Supreme Operator,Operator27.5, All-Mountain bikes. Freeride bikes areheavier and hardertorideuphillthan All-Mountain bikes, for riding moredifficultterrain. TRADE OFF A Dirt Jumping bike does not give you skills to jump. Jumping bikes areusedmuch like heavy duty BMX bikes. and useskill and bike control, rather thansuspension. Dirt other predictable obstacles and terrain where riders need 300 /136 lbs /kg RIDER

For man-made dirt jumps, ramps, skateparks Freeride bikes aremoreruggedthan fork, or parts. fork, orparts. on a bicycle which may overload theframe, hazardous and puts unpredictable forces However, this type of ridingisextremely surfaces, or landing onflatsurfaces. speeds, or aggressive ridingonrougher high Bikes designed for jumping,hucking, CONDITION 5 Dirt Jump LUGGAGE lbs /kg 5 /2.3

305 /138

lbs /kg TOTAL

MAXIMUM WEIGHTLIMIT Shonky AL and the suspension travel inthefront is much shorter. ble than Freeride bikes, buttheyhave no rear suspension TRADE OFF NOT INTENDED Read Section 2. F, p. 9. absorb the shock of landingandhelp maintain control. large amounts of suspension travel areneededtohelp 300 /136 lbs /kg RIDER Dirt Jumping bikes arelighter and more nim LUGGAGE For terrain, drop offs or landings where lbs /kg 0 300 /136 lbs /kg TOTAL - MAXIMUM WEIGHTLIMIT The Snake,Jake,Jake24 Major Jake,JakeTheSnakeCR,Private but notasstrong. wheels arefasterthanthesmallermountainbike wheels, for mountainbike use.Therelatively largeroadbike size and thenremount.Cyclo-cross bikes arenotintended reaching anobstacle,carrytheirbike over theobstacle jumping. Cyclo-cross ridersandracers dismountbefore NOT INTENDED for allweatherroughroadridingandcommuting. ing dirtormudsurfaces.Cyclo-cross bikes alsoworkwell 300 /136 lbs /kg RIDER on a variety of terrain and surfaces including andracing. Cyclo-cross involves riding INTENDED not losegroundcontact. with moderate grades wherethetiresdo smooth gravel roadsandimproved trails Bikes designed forridingCondition1,plus CONDITION 2 Cyclo-cross LUGGAGE 30 /13.6 lbs /kg For offroadormountainbike use,or For cyclo-cross riding,train -

330 /150

lbs /kg TOTAL 37 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 38 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL dents, bodily injury to therider and shortened productlife safety checks and very importantto help prevent acci problems, inappropriate use or abuse. These are important paint peeling, dents, and any other indicatorsof potential potential failure, including cracks, deformation, corrosion, periodically by your dealer for indicators of stressand/or You should have your bicycle and its components checked conditions may resultinanunpredictablefailure frame andcomponents.Any one or acombination of these non-standard usecandramatically shorten the life of the with heavy loads,commercialactivities and other types of riding on severe terrain, ridinginsevere climates,riding events, trickriding, ramp riding,jumping,aggressive riding, frame andcomponents are subjected. Use in competitive over theirlife;and the type and amount of use towhichthe maintenance andcare the frame andcomponentsreceive tion and materials usedinthe frame and components; the useful life.Thelengthofthatlife willvary withtheconstruc Every bicycle anditscomponent parts have a finite,limited over, continued useishazardous. When theusefullifeofyour bike oritscomponentsis 1. NothingLastsForever,IncludingYourBike The LifespanofYour Bike anditsComponents Appendix B inspected frequently. weight, highperformanceequipment,besuretohave it lighter weightover longevity. So, Ifyou chooselight tradeoff, favoring thehigherperformance thatcomeswith a lightweightbicycle orcomponentsyou aremakinga than heavier bicycles andtheircomponents. Inselecting and theircomponentswillusuallyhave ashorterlife All aspectsofusebeingidentical,lightweightbicycles . - - - . It hasgoodcharacteristics, butin highperformance Steel is the traditional material for bicyclebuilding frames. A) UNDERSTANDING METALS professional careandattention. repeatedly urge you to take your bicycle to your dealer for erly inspectandserviceyour bicycle; andthatiswhy we cannot teachyou everything you needtoknowprop basic guidelinesonhowtomaintainandinspectit.We can expectfromyour bicycle; andwe provide important, trade-offs made indesigningyour bicycle andwhatyou how theyrelatetoyour bicycle. We discusssomeofthe to explainsomeunderlyingmaterialsciencebasicsand careful inspectionandservice.InthisAppendixwetry Today’s high-performancebicycles requirefrequentand 2. Perspective failure, whichcanresult in seriousinjuryordeath. WARNING canleadtoframe, forkorothercomponent mine howandfrequently toinspect.Ignoringthis entirety. Thematerialsused tomakeyourbikedeter your dealer,weurgeyou toreadthisAppendixinits your safety,understandingandcommunicationwith appropriate forhowandwhereyouuseyourbike. For you decidewhatfrequencyofinspectionandservice is dealer forinspectionandservice.Yourwill help sponsibility forperiodicallybringingyourbiketo your your dealercannottrackuse,youmusttake re how hardyouuseitandwhereit.Because control andknowledgeofhowoftenyouuseyour bike, needed dependsuponyou.You,therider/owner, have important. Howoftenthismoredetailedinspection is Periodic, moredetailedinspectionofyourbicycle is Check inSection1.CofthisManualbeforeevery ride. important toyoursafety.FollowtheMechanicalSafety WARNING: Frequentinspectionofyourbikeis - - - other object. At any speedabove afastwalk, your body Let’s say you hitacurb, ditch,rock, car, anothercyclist or read Thebasicsofmetalfatigue below. cracks thatleadtofailure.Itisvery importantthatyou at highenoughloads,metals willeventually develop Metals aresubjecttofatigue. Withenoughcycles ofuse, at 1.45grams/cm3. cm3. Contrast thesenumberswithcarbonfibercomposite timeter), titanium4.5grams/cm3, aluminum2.75grams/ rial. Steelweighs7.8grams/cm3 (grams percubiccen Metals vary indensity. Density isweightperunitofmate most ductile,titaniumlessfollowed by aluminum of the common bicycle frame building materials steel is the buckling and stretchingbefore breaking. Generally speaking, Metals are comparatively ductile. Ductile means bending, contacts othermetalsandgalvanic corrosioncanoccur. sion resistant,andparticularcaremustbeusedwhere it resistant tocorrosion.Aluminumisnotperfectlycorro metal fromfurthercorrosion.Botharethereforequite Titanium quicklydevelop anoxide filmthatprotectsthe must beprotectedorrustwillattackit.Aluminumand Metals vary widelyintheirresistancetocorrosion.Steel the metalrather thanseekingasimplisticanswer. manufactured, supportedalongwiththecharacteristics of One mustlookattheway thebike isdesigned,tested, applied ismuchmoreimportantthanthematerialalone. als forbicycles. Whatis trueishowthemetalchosen can bemadethatcharacterizes theuseofdifferentmet Please understandthatthereisnosimplestatement Properties ofMetals interest by cycling enthusiastsinlighterbicycles. and sometitanium.Themainfactordrivingthischangeis bicycles, steelhasbeenlargelyreplacedby aluminum - . - - - components isirrelevant towhathappensyour body. the bike, andwhathappenstothe frame, forkandother over thefrontofbike. You cannotandwillnotstay on will continuetomove forward, momentumcarryingyou dence ofthisductility inbent,buckledorfoldedmetal. When ametalbike crashes, you willusuallyseesomeevi damage, the load the part receives must be great enough. to apartcaused by repeated loading.To causefatigue Fatigue isthetermusedto describeaccumulateddamage The BasicsofMetalFatigue the worse theconditions you use it in,theshorterits life The more you usesomething,andthe harder you useit, and Common sense tells usthat nothing thatisused lasts forever. Above some load the carbon fork willbecompletely broken fork may be intact even though theframe isdamaged. metal but nonein the carbon. Below some load thecarbon scenario you can expect some bendingor bucking in the the lack of ductility of carbon fiber meansthatin a crash composites below. Therelative ductility of metals and and thefork of carbon fiber. SeeSection B, Understanding It is now commonforthemainframe to be made of metal head tubeandfork separated from the main triangle. be broken, the down tube buckled andbroken, leaving the the down tube buckled. Hit harder and the top tube may Hit harderandthe top tubemay bebroken intensionand you can expect the fork and frame to be bent or buckled. frame undamaged. Aluminum is less ductile than steel, but a steelbike, the steel fork may be severely bent and the hard enough the fork or frame may be bent or buckled. On that important note, we can tell you that if the impact is you that crashworthiness cannot bea design criteria.With depends on many complexfactors, which is why wetell What shouldyou expectfrom your metal frame? It

- . 39 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 40 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL performance wewant requiresthat weinspect the structure today. So weallmake a tradeoff: the wonderful, lightweight fatigue life,itwouldweigh far morethan any bicycle sold with finite fatigue lives. If you wanted a bicycle with an infinite finite fatigue life. Aircraft, race cars, motorcycles all have parts weight. Any structurethatmustbelightand strongwillhave a nearly infinite.This requires alotof material anda lotof One can design a part that is so strongthat fatigue life is can beacomplete and immediatefailure of the part load that it could carry without the crack. At thatpointthere it becomes solargethatthe part is too weak tocarrythe point the crack becomes visible tothenaked eye. Eventually As theload is repeatedly applied, thecrack grows. At some microscopic level, a crack forms in a highlystressed area. So whatkind of “damage”arewe talking about? Ona not fatigue.Fatigue happensonlythroughuse. nothing todowithtimeorage.Abicycle inagarage does simple definitionwillhelp you understandthatfatiguehas back andforth(repeatedloading)untilitbreaks.This A crude,often-usedexampleisbendingapaperclip The crack says “timeforreplacement.” When ametalpartshows a fatiguecrack, itiswornout. worn outandthetreadbar says “timeforreplacement.” ing theroad,thosetiresarenotdefective. Thosetiresare wear downtothepointthattreadbarsarecontact reached theendofitsusefullife.Whenyour cartires that theparthasbeenwornout,asign In mostcasesafatiguecrack isnotadefect.Itsign . - . plete failure,withriskof seriousinjuryordeath. cracked frame,forkorcomponent couldleadtocom any crack,bulgeordent, evenasmallone.Riding overloaded, carbonfibersdo notbend,theybreak. carbon fibers arestrongandlight,but whencrashed or of composites. Compositematerialsconstructed of All ridersmustunderstand afundamentalreality B) UNDERSTANDING COMPOSITES life” profile, the less frequent your needtoinspect need to inspect. Themoreyou fit the “lengthenproduct fit the“shorten productlife”profile, themorefrequent your how often your bicycle shouldbeinspected. The moreyou some general factors tohelpyou andyour dealer determine Fatigue isnota perfectly predictable science, but here are Fatigue IsNotAPerfectlyPredictableScience WARNING: Donotridea bicycleorcomponentwith . - regularly inspect your carbon fiber frame, fork,or components While fatigue life is an advantage of carbon fiber, you must still their metalequivalents. components have longfatiguelives, usuallybetterthan Well designed“composite”orcarbonfiber bicycles and What AreTheLimitsOf Composites? strength-to-weight ratio. fiberglass boats.Carbon fiber materials have a veryhigh more sothanmostmetals.Thinkaboutcarbonfiber or bon fibercompositesare very corrosionresistant,much other goalssuchascomfortandvibration damping. Car light bicycles. Engineersmay alsoorientfiberstosuit fibers gives engineersapowerfultool tocreatestrong, particular loads.Thechoiceofwheretoplacethecarbon placed inspecificorientationstooptimize thestructurefor tions (engineerscallthisisotropic),carbonfiberscan be Unlike metals,whichhave uniformpropertiesinalldirec Why AreCompositesUsed? The carbonfibersarethe“skeleton” thatcarriestheload. load tootherfibers,andprovides asmoothoutersurface. epoxy matrixbondsthecarbonfiberstogether, transfers are madeofcarbonfiberinamatrixepoxy plastic.The The compositeswiththebeststrength-to-weight ratios numbers withcarbonfibercompositeat1.45grams/cm3. grams/cm3, aluminum2.75grams/cm3. Contrast these grams/cm3 (grams percubiccentimeter),titanium4.5 composites arelightrelative tometals.Steelweighs7.8 in amatrixofplastic,moldedtoformshape.Carbon Carbon fibercompositesare typically astrong,lightfiber means “compositebike.” als. You’ve heardtheterm“carbonfiberbike.” Thisreally parts aremadeupofdifferentcomponentsormateri The term“composites”referstothefactthatapartor What AreComposites?

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. 41 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 42 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL • delamination. Thesearesomedelamination clues: Do notrideany bicycle or componentthathasany together. means thatthelayers offabricarenolongerbonded Composites aremadefrom layers offabric.Delamination Delamination: Delaminationisseriousdamage. nent thathasacrack ofany size. Any crack isserious.Donotrideany bicycle orcompo Cracks: Inspection ofComposite Frame,Fork, &Components overloaded it will notbend,it break completely. as strong as a metal frame, once thecarbonframe is in thisAppendix. Even if the carbon frame was twice carbon andmetal. See Section2.A, Understandingmetals broken. Note the significant difference inbehavior between is hard enough, the fork or frame may be completely With thatimportantnote,wecan tell you that if theimpact you that crash worthiness cannotbe a design criteria. depends onmany complexfactors, which is why we tell What shouldyou expectfromyour carbon frame? It components isirrelevant to what happens to your body on the bike andwhat happens to the frame forkand other you over thefront of the bike. You cannot and will notstay will continue to move forward, themomentum carrying other object. At any speedabove a fast walk, your body Let’s say you hit a curb, ditch, rock, car, other cyclist or You ExpectFromYourCarbonFiberBike? If YouHitSomethingOrHaveACrash,WhatCan layers. Therewillbenobending,buckling,orstretching. maybe delaminationofcarbonfiberorfabric and nearthebreak,therewillberough,sharpedges structure isoverloaded, itwillnotbend;break.At Carbon fibercompositesarenotductile.Onceacarbon A cloudy or white area. This kind of area looks different A cloudyor white area.Thiskind of area looks different Inspectforcracks, broken, orsplinteredareas.

- . The moreyou fitthe“shorten product life”profile, Think carefully aboutyour riderprofileas outlined above. Aftermarket “SuperLight” components complete failure,withriskofseriousinjuryordeath. cracked frame,forkorothercomponentcouldlead to any delaminationorcrack.Ridingadelaminated or their components service today’s high-techhigh-performance bicycles and with thespecial tools, skillsand experiencetoinspectand them. This is ajob for a professional bicycle mechanic components inorder to properlyandcarefullyinspect It isoftennecessaryto remove and disassemble C) UNDERSTANDING COMPONENTS noise mustbefixed beforeriding. be acrack ordelamination,butwhatever iscausingthe Investigate andfindthe sourceofany noise.Itmay not bicycle willbevery quietandfreeofcreaks andsqueaks. a noiseasseriouswarning signal.A wellmaintained cause creakingnoiseswhileriding.Thinkaboutsuch Unusual Noises: • • and cloudy into aclearliquid. Delaminated areas will look opaque will lookglassy, shiny, or “deep,” as if onewas looking from the ordinary undamagedareas.Undamagedareas a differentsound,usuallyduller, lesssharp. sound. Ifyou thentapadelaminatedarea,you willhear you willhearaconsistentsound,usuallyhard,sharp gently tapthesurfaceofanundamagedcomposite A differenceinsoundwhentappingthesurface.Ifyou bump, abulge,softspot,ornotbesmoothandfair. surface shapemay change.Thesurfacemay have a Bulging ordeformedshape.Ifdelaminationoccurs,the WARNING: Donotrideabicycleorcomponentwith . . Eitheracrack ordelaminationcan

original componentswilllastforever. Theywon’t. have reasonablefatiguelife.Itdoesnotmean thatthe your bike. Thismeansthattheyhave mettestcriteriaand life ofthecomponentsthatareoriginalequipmenton Bicycle andcomponentmanufacturersteststhefatigue Original Equipmentcomponents changing components is “Strong, Light, Cheap — pick two.” A useful slogan to discusswithyour dealer if you contemplate changes. seriously andunderstandthatyou areresponsibleforthe profile very honestlywith your dealer. Take thesechoices may besuitableforyou. Discussyour needsandyour life” profile,themorelikely itisthatlightercomponents components. Themoreyou fitthe“lengthenproduct the moreyou mustquestiontheuseofsuperlight 43 MANUAL OWNER’S KONA 44 KONA OWNER’S MANUAL stopping power offront-and-rear brake systems. conservatively. Asinglerearbrakedoes not havethe bicycle checkedbyyour dealerbefore you rideit. working properly. Ifitisnot working properly, havethe for coasterbrake service. brake. Take thebicycle toyour dealer disassemble orserviceyour coaster knowledge. Donotattemptto requires specialtoolsand Coaster brake service and adjustment 2. Adjustingyour coaster brake and beginstoskid. force, uptothepointwhererearwheelstopsrotating more downward pressureyou apply, themorebraking rear.About 1/8 turn activaterotation will the brake. The apply downward footpressureonthepedalthatisto with thefrontpedalinabout4o’clockposition,and Start withthepedalcranks inanearlyhorizontal position, reversing therotationofpedalcranks (seefig.5). of thebicycle’s rearwheelhub. Thebrake isactivated by The coasterbrake isasealedmechanismwhichpart 1. Howthecoasterbrakeworks Coaster Brake Appendix C WARNING: If your bike has only a coaster brake, ride WARNING: Ifyour bikehasonly acoaster brake,ride WARNING: Before riding,makesurethat thebrakeis