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Birds and Lemurs of Madagascar

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Birds and Lemurs of Madagascar Madagascar separated from the ancient supercontinent Gondwanaland about 160 million years ago, facilitating the evolution of its flora and fauna in isolation from the rest of the world. As a result, the island is a biodiversity hotspot and home to some of the weirdest and rarest animals on Earth. Madagascar is best known for its fabulous lemurs. Thirty-three species of lemurs, across five families and 14 genera (around 50 living lemurs, including all the subspecies), ranging in size from tiny Madame Berthe’s Birds Mouse Lemur, which averages 30 g in weight, to the tailless, baboon-sized Indri, inhabit the island. All these species are endemic to Madagascar giving the country the and second highest number of primate species after Brazil. Of the 283 bird species recorded on the island, 111 lemurs are endemic and further 22 are semi-endemic. The endemics are represented by five families: mesites, ground-rollers, cuckoo-rollers, asities and vangas. With 36 endemic genera, Madagascar has more unique genera of than any other African country. More than 90% of over 360 reptile species are endemic. The island holds more than half of the world’s chameleons (about 60 species). Madagascar Ninety-nine percent of the frogs found on the island, are present nowhere else on Earth. Madagascar is also a paradise for botanists. Relicts of species long extinct elsewhere still thrive on the island: massive deciduous and rainforest trees, giant tamarinds and aloes, baobabs of many sizes and shapes, orchids in a rainbow of colours or bizarre cactus- resembling Didiereaceae. Of over 12,000 species of plants, over 70% are confined only to this island. Six of the world’s eight species of baobabs and 85% of 1000 species of orchids known to the island, are endemic. Sadly, the island's diverse ecosystems and unique wildlife have been severely threatened by human settlement. Illegal logging, poaching and some traditional practices have left the island with only 10% of its original forest cover. Although wildlife finds now refuge in many national parks, they are still under threat. Currently, all lemurs are endangered species and at least 3 species of birds are on the brink of extinction. Our carefully designed itinerary will introduce you to a large proportion of the island’s different ecosystems, The tour is designed to introduce you to from the dry deciduous forest in the west to the mountain all of the endemic families of bird. You rainforest in the east, from Palm savanna in the interior of can expect to see at least 150 species of the country to Tapia woodland and ‘spiny’ desert in the birds, about 25 species of lemurs, and a arid southwest. We will visit five of the island’s best great variety of geckos, chameleons, frogs wildlife reserves: Zombitse-Vohibasia National Park and snakes. On the top of it all, as all and Ranomafana National Park, Ankarafantsika ScotNature tours, we will sample island’s National Park (Ampijoroa) and Mantadia National delightful culture and cuisine. Park with Périnet (Analamazaotra) Special Reserve, to explore an amazing wildlife they support. ITINERARY after year at the Day 1 You will be collected from Antananarivo forest edge on airport in the evening and transported to a Lake Ravelobe. nearby hotel, where we will spend one night. Other species likely to be Day 2 In the morning, if time allows, we will encountered here, explore Alarobia Lake, a private property in include the middle of the city with a big colony of ducks, Madagascar herons and egrets. Here, we will enjoy good views of Jacana, Allen’s White-faced Whistling Duck, Knob-billed Duck, Gallinule, White- Madagascar Squacco Heron, Dimorphic Egret, Swamp throated Rail, Warbler, Madagascar Coucal and Mascarene Martin White-faced amongst more familiar waterbirds. Whistling Duck, Later that day, we will fly to Majunga, on the Humblot’s Heron north west coast and drive to Ankarafantsika and many more. National Park (Ampijoroa), which encompasses the largest and last remaining sections of dense dry Day 4 After an early morning walk in the forest, we deciduous forest in Madagascar. We will stay for the will drive back to Majunga to take our flight next two nights in the lodge, conveniently situated on back to Antananarivo. the edge of the forest. Good birding will be in the immediate vicinity with chances to see Sickle-billed Day 5 After breakfast, we will undertake a long Vanga, White-headed Vanga, Blue Vanga, Grey- journey south through an attractive landscape headed Lovebird, Madagascar Hoopoe, Madagascar of terraced hillsides and broad Magpie Robin, Sakalava valleys cultivated by the Merina Weaver and more. Eight people. We will make several stops species of lemurs inhabit in search for birds, and these might the Ampijoroa Forest and include Madagascar Bush Lark, Coquerel’s Sifakas will be Madagascar Magpie Robin, our first lemur to be seen, Madagascar White-eye, the possibly at close range, delightful Souimanga Sunbird and because they are active Madagascar Wagtail. We will break during the day in the the journey for lunch at Antsirabe, vicinity of our lodge. a highland town famous for its At night, we will undertake craftwork, before continuing further a walk in search for south to Ranomafana. At 500m Western Scops Owl and altitude, we will enjoy Antsirabe’s numerous lemurs, including refreshing, almost continental Golden Mouse Lemur, Western Woolly Lemur, Fat- climate. Out journey will take us now through tailed Dwarf Lemur and Milne Edward's Sportive Madagascar’s central highlands, where the scenic Lemur. flooded rice paddies are carefully Day 3 We will spend the entire day exploring the terraced on the Ampijoroa Forest. In the morning, we will green slopes of the look for the rare and localised Shlegel’s Asity. Many valleys. We should other species will be seen, including White-breasted reach our hotel in Mesite, Van Dam’s Vanga, Rufous Vanga, Red- Ranomafana in time capped Coua, Madagascar Sparrow Hawk, for dinner. Madagascar Button Quail and Madagascar Green Sunbird. Reptiles are also numerous and impressive Day 6 We will Giant Hog-nosed Snake, Oustalet’s and Rhinoceros spend the Chameleons are amongst just a few that we should day exploring the encounter along the trails. Ranomafana We will return to the lodge for lunch and rest National Park, one before embarking in the afternoon for a boat trip on of Madagascar’s Lake Ravelobe. Madagascar Fish Eagle, with a best-known wildlife population of just over 200, is a critically endangered hot-spots. The park species, but fortunately, a breeding pair nests year received its worldwide attention when the and Madagascar Partridge Golden Bamboo Lemur was frequent the hotel grounds here discovered here in 1985. and might accompany us at our Apart from protecting this gourmet dinner. species, the park is home to Day 8 11 other species of lemurs. The journey today will Here, the lemurs have been take us through a rather studied for many years, monotonous grassy plateau, but resulting in the animals we will stop at Zombitse- becoming oblivious to the Vohibasia National Park. The presence of humans and park, constitutes one of the most giving us the privileged important remnant of dry opportunity of watching them deciduous forest of Madagascar at close range. We have a and acts as a transition zone good chance of encountering between the dry and the humid Golden Bamboo Lemur (the forests of the island, creating, at population size is only 60 and the same time, a most odd mix of known from only two bamboos, baobabs and orchids. localities), the Greater The number of animal species Bamboo Lemur, Grey living here is also remarkable, Bamboo Lemur, Red-bellied including 8 lemur species. It is Lemur, Milne-Edwards’s the only place where the Ring- Sifaka, and perhaps an tailed Lemur, Verraux´s Sifaka Eastern Woolly Lemur and and Brown Lemur occur together Black-and-white Ruffed naturally. Birds are also a park Lemur. Some family groups highlight and of the 85 recorded in will be present and watching the park, we will concentrate the interactions between mainly on searching for the most different family members will endangered bird, Appert’s be unforgettable experience. Greenbul, which is found nowhere However, perhaps the most else in the world. In order to exciting event here will be an enhance our chances, a park evening viewing. A bait of ranger will accompany us on the banana will be put out to walk. Other residents should also attract Brown Mouse Lemur be seen, including Giant Coua, and give us an opportunity to White-browed Owl, Madagascar watch these tiny primates at Cuckoo Roller, Madagascar close range. Here, we will also encounter numerous Partridge, M. Kestrel. chameleons and frogs. We should reach our hotel south of Tuléar by late The forest is also recognised as the best accessible afternoon. You will enjoy a close up view of the Littoral site for seeing Madagascar’s rainforest endemics and Rock-thrush in our hotel’s backyard. we will not be disappointed. In the early morning, the forest canopy is alive with singing jeries, sunbirds, and chattering greenbuls and newtonias. Knowledge of Day 9 Today, we will take a speed boat to the their calls is essential for identification and, once isolated islet of Nosy Ve to view a breeding again, to get the best benefit of our visit, a park ranger colony of the Red-tailed Tropicbird. At low tide, we will also accompany us. The forest is home to a will be able to get good views of Lesser and Greater number of fascinating creatures and encounters with Crested Terns, Saunder’s, Tern, Black Egret and many colourful Mantella frogs, Leaf-tailed Gecko, Giraffe- waders, including Crab Plover.
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