2472 Miscellaneous and Other Substances allows oil from either C. cassia or from C. zeylanicum [C. and with glacial acetic acid; slightly soluble in petroleum Multi-ingredient Preparations. Arg. : Arion Cronos; Canad.: Ultra­ verum] . spirit. Store in well-filled, airtight containers. Protect from Caret; Gr. : Pulvo 47; Pulvo-Hexa; Ital.: Citrizan Antibiotico; Mex. : Avitil; NZ: Oxysept Step; Thai.: Pulvo 47f; Turk. : Chin. and Jpn also include bark (cassia bark) from light. Pulvo 47; USA: Ultra Care. l Cinnamomum cassia although the titles are Cortex USP 36: (Castor Oil). The fixed oil obtained from the seed of Cinnamomi and Cinnamon Bark respectively. Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae). It is a pale yellowish or Ph. Eur. 8: (Cassia Oil). The oil obtained by steam almost colourless, transparent, viscid liquid. Has a faint, Catechu distillation of the leaves and young branches of mild odour; is free from foreign and rancid odour; and has a bland, characteristic taste. Soluble in alcohol; miscible with Garnbir; Ca techu; fa M6!1p. Cinnamomum cassia (C. aromaticum). It contains 70 to 90% (iamoier; of cinnamaldehyde. A clear, mobile, yellow to reddish· dehydrated alcohol, with chloroform, with ether, and with CAS ·"- 80Q l-41l·7 brown liquid, with a characteristic odour of cinnamalde­ glacial acetic add. Store in airtight containers at a (lJ ncaria ATC J;!erb . -:.HAq?X A5013 hyde. Store in well-filled airtight containers. Protect from temperature not exceeding 40 degrees. . i1Jr>cilria gambir: heat. USNF 31: (Hydrogenated Castor Oil). Refined, bleached, HA OiWA5qos extract). hydrogenated, and deodorised castor oil, consisting mainly Ulv!i - 3lv.JQ5[)8S6N NOTE. Distinguish from Black Catechu (p. 2457.3). Profile of the triglyceride of hydroxystearic acid. A white, crystalline wax. M.p. 85 degrees to 88 degrees. Insoluble Pharmacopoeias. In Jp n. Also in BP(Vet) . Cassia oil, obtained from Cinnamomum cassia, has properties in water and in most common organic solvents. Store in BP(Vet) 2014: (Catechu). A dried aqueous extract of the resembling those of cinnamon oil (p. 2479.3) and is used airtight containers at a temperature not exceeding 40 leaves and young shoots of Uncaria gambier occurring as dull similarly as a carminative and flavour. It has also been used degrees. pale greyish-brown to dark reddish-brown cubes. Odourless in aromatherapy. Hypersensitivity to cinnamaldehyde, the or almost odourless. main constituent of cassia oil, has been reported. Uses and Administration Castor oil is used externally for its emollient effect. It has Profile also been used topically to allay irritation due to foreign Catechu is an astringent and has been given in preparations (details are given in Volume B) Proprietary Preparations bodies in the eye. Castor oil may be used as a solvent in for the treatment of diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal Multi-ingredient Preparations. Austral.: Tiger Balm Red; Cz.: some injections, and as a plasticiser. disorders. Klosterfrau Melisana; Hung. : Klosterfrau Melisana; India: Hydrogenated castor oil is used as a stiffening agent. Abana; Diakof; Himcolin; Kofarest-H; Koflet; Malaysia: Shine Polyoxyl castor oils (p. 2202.3) are used as emulsifying and Maxtra; Rus.: Sodecor (Co�eKop); S.Afr. : Balsem Vita GEELt; .P ...rep...a.....rati...... ons . solubilising agents...... Balsem Vita ROOit; Balsem Vita Wit; Entressdruppels HM; (details are given in Volume B) Castor oil has been used as a laxative, but such use is ProprietaryPreparations Moultons Pain Paintt: Stuidruppels; UK: Dragon Balm; Ukr. : obsolete. Austral.: Diarcalmt; Fr.: Elixir Bronchomed (EpoHxoMe.n;); Huato Pills (EomoChi Xyaro) . Multi-ingredient Preparations. Bonjeant; Indon.: Entrodiart: !tal. : Flavion; Imoviral; Rus.: Adverse Effects and Precautions Travisil (TpaBHCilll); S.Afr. : Enterodynet; SB Diarrhoea Mix­ turet; Tandpyndruppelst; Thai.: Patarver; UK: Chesty Cough Castor Oral administration of castor oil, particularly in large doses, Relief; Spanish Tummy Mixture. may produce nausea, vomiting, colic, and severe purgation. Castor oil should not be given when intestinal obstruction is present. CD4 Profile The seeds of Ricinus communis contain a toxic protein, AnticCD4 Monoclonal Castor is the dried scent-glands (preputial follicles) of the ricin (p. 2604.2). Allergic reactions have been reported in beaver, Castor fi ber and Castor canadensis. It has been used in subjects handling the seeds. CD4mAb; MonodorJaf perfumery. C)]4-KneroK. Homoeopathy P.r.�P�.rc:lti?.n.� . Castor has been used in homoeopathic medicines. ProprietaryPreparations (details are given in Volume B) Profile Single-ingredient Preparations. Braz. : Laxol; Ger. : Laxopolt; Monoclonal antibodies raised against CD4 receptors are Preparations Israel: Laxopol; Mex. : Ricitelt; Switz.: Rical; Turk.: Ricilaks; under investigation in the treatment of immunologically ProprietaryPreparations (details are given in Volume B) Riciment; Ricipan; USA: Emulsoil; Neoloidt. mediated disorders, such as , multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, cutaneous T­ Multi-ingredient Preparations. Hung.: Bano Svedkeseru; Ukr.: Multi-ingredient Preparations. Canad. : Refresh Ultra; Chile: Node Swedish Bitters Dr Theiss (lllBe,n;cKrur .L(p TaHcc)t. DSt: Cz.: Suspensio Visnevski cum Pice Liquida HBF; Ger.: cell lymphoma, psoriasis, and various other skin disorders, Itaxt; India: Coliwell; Pol.: Salicylol; Rus.: Urocholesan with the aim of decreasing and eliminating circulating (YpoxonecaH); Urolesan (YponecaH); Spain: Callicida Cor Pikt; helper T lymphocytes. They have also been tried in Castor Oil Keranint; Linitul; Otocerum; Switz. : Peru Stick; Ukr.: Urolesan transplantation. CD4 antibodies investigated include: (YponecaH); USA: Allanderm�Tt: Boudreaux's All Natural Butt clenoliximab, , , and . Paste; Boudreaux's Butt Paste; Dermuspray; Dr Derrni-Heal; Granuldermt; Granulex; GranuMed; Mammal; Optase; Pro­ derm; Vasolex; Venelex; Xenaderm. Cedar Wood Oil Homoeopathic Preparations. Switz. : Silacten. Easrer•1 Red .Stem Ce.ctri; OH; Oleum . Oil; Cedac v!rgir;!or;(J Oil; JuniperusCedar Oil; Pharmacopoeial Preparations virgirii(.ma Juniperus Stem Red BP 2014: Chloroxylenol Solution; Flexible Collodion; Zinc and Stem OH; Cedarwood OiL . Castor Oil Ointment; Red Cedar Red USP 36: Aromatic Castor Oil; Castor Oil Capsules; Castor Oil 0\5- 800M7-9 Emulsion; Flexible Collodion. UN/I --,- PAD4FN7P2G. NOTE. Distinguish cedar wood oil, obtained from species of Juniperus virginiana, and cedar leaf oil, obtained from Thuja occidentalis (see Thuja, p. 2629.3). NOTE. CASOIL is a code approved by the BP 2014 for use on Catalase single unit doses of eye drops containing castor oil where Catalasa; EC f:q uiiase; Optidase: the individual container may be too small to bear all the Caperas�; 11 1.1 6; KaTaJ1a3a. Profile appropriate labelling infonnation. CA S.- 9001-{!5,2. Cedar wood oil (cedarwood oil; red cedar oil) is obtained Pharmacopoeias. In Chin., Eur. (see p. vii), Jpn, and US. Profile from red cedar, Juniperus virginiana (Cupressaceae). Cedar Eur. also includes hydrogenated castor oil and refined castor wood oil is used in perfumery and is included in oil. USNFincludes hydrogenated castor oil. Catalase is an enzyme obtained from many biological preparations for nasal congestion and various skin disorders. sources including animcil liver (hepatocatalase) and certain It is also used in aromatherapy. Atlantic cedarwood oil Ph. Eur. 8: (Castor Oil. Virgin). The fatty oil obtained by cold bacteria and fungi. It is a protein composed of 4 polypeptide (Atlas cedarwood oil) from Cedrus atlantica (Pinaceae) and expression from the seeds of Ricinus communis. During the subunits, the precise composition of which varies according oils from the wood of other species of Juniperus and Cedrus expression step the temperature of the oil must not exceed to the source, and has a molecular weight of about 240 000. are used similarly. 50 degrees. A suitable antoxidant may be added. Relative Catalase has the ability to promote the decomposition of density about 0. 958. It is a clear, at 40 degrees, slightly Homoeopathy hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. yellow, viscous, hygroscopic liquid. Miscible with alcohol Red cedar has been used in homoeopathic medicines It has been applied to wounds and skin ulcers and has and with glacial acetic acid; slightly soluble in petroleum under the following names: Juniperus virginiana; Juniperus also been used in the treatment of vitiligo. It has sometimes spirit. Store in well-filled airtight containers. Protect from virg. been used with glucose oxidase (p. 2516.3) in food light. preservation to break down hydrogen peroxide produced 8: ti Ph. Eur. (Castor Oil, Hydrogenated; Ricini Oleum during oxidation of glucose, and is also included in P.r.�P�.r� ?.n.� ...... Hydrogenatum). The oil obtained by hydrogenation of preparations for contact lens care to neutralise hydrogen ProprietaryPreparations (details are given in Volume B) castor oil. It consists mainly of the triglyceride of 12- peroxide. Austria: Wick Vaporub; Canad.: hydroxystearic acid. Almost white to pale yellow fine Mul6-ingredient Preparations. Catalase is a free-radical scavenger and has been Artribent; Fr.: Activox; Gr.: EKS; Revigel; Hung.: Kinder Luuf powder, masses, or flakes. M.p. 83 degrees to 88 degrees. 1 investigated for its ability to limit reperfusion injury thought Balsam; India: Healplus; Mon.: Dermagor Betacade; NZ: Vicks Practically insoluble in water and in petroleum spirit; very to be related to free-radical production. Combinations of Vaporub; Port.: Betacade; Swed. : Vicks Vaporub; UK: No-Sor slightly soluble in dehydrated alcohol; slightly soluble in catalase with superoxide dismutase have also been Vapour Rub. dichloromethane. Store in well-filled containers. investigated. Ph. Eur. 8: (Castor Oil, Refined). The fatty oil obtained by cold expression from the seeds of Ricinus communis and then Pr...... eparations.. . . refined. A suitable antoxidant may be added. Relative .. (details are given in Volume B) density about 0. 958. It is a clear, almost colourless or slightly ProprietaryPreparations yellow, viscous, hygroscopic liquid. Miscible with alcohol Single-ingredient Preparations. Ital.: Citrizan.

All cross-references refer to entries in Volume A