January 31, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 1975 Yet there is no flna.ncial support for this Planning Agency, the Metropolitan Council Assistance program. We have also urged program. except from the HUD 701 Planning in Minneapolis-St. Paul, and the 12 Regional that the financial support to state, regional Assiste.nce funds. Many governors and may­ Development Commissions ln Minnesota. are and local planning agencies be so appropri­ ors use this responsibility to review applica­ all counting on the availability of HUD 701 ated and allocated as to provide some as­ tions for federal grant-in-aid to enable them planning monies to allow them to continue sured continuity Of support. It was our un­ to manage this diverse fragmented system their comprehensive land use activities. derstanding, with the passage of the Hous­ of federal grants. Planning assistance funds Finally, monies made available from this ing and Community Development Act of makes that possible for them. Our federal planning program to the State Planning 1974, that the Congress had expressed itself; system and the success of the federal grant­ Agency have enabled us to acquire a com­ that the Congress had seen the need for in-aid program will suffer if elected officials petent staff to provide technical assistance supporting such planning programs at au­ are forced to forego this function due to lack to local and regional governments, to help thorization levels of $130 mlllion for F.Y. of funds. them establish an effective planning pro­ 1975 and $150 million for F.Y. 1976. Positive Many states and some local governments gram, to help them manage, and to provide action by this committee would be evidence now understand the importance of land use them with information, such as popula­ that the Congress had not changed its mind planning and have begun the process of tion estimates and forecasts. If the Presi­ on the need for this valuable program. conducting a land use planning process. In dent's deferral is allowed to stand, we would I do not believe that this deferral is a many instances this has taken place with no longer be in a position to provide a. satis­ true savings of funds. I believe it will result HUD pla.nnlng funds. Certainly ln Minnesota factory level of technical assistance as we ln less effective government. I hope that this this is the case. Although Minnesota has have ln the past. sub-committee and the Congress will de­ now enacted legislation to deal with land I, along with other planning officials feat actions which, ln the long run, will re­ use and has appropriated monies for spe­ throughout the nation, have strongly urged sult ln less efficient, more expensive govern­ cific land use planning activities, the State a. strengthening of the HUD '101 Planning ment.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Friday, January 31, 1975 The House met at 12 o'clock noon APPOINTMENT AS MEMBERS OF conferences, meetings, and negotiation and was called to order by the Speaker JOINT COMMITI'EE ON CONGRES- sessions relating to trade agreements pro tempore, Mr. McFALL. SIONAL OPERATIONS during the 1st session of the 94th Con­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant gress: The gentleman from Georgia to the provisions of section 401 , title WASHINGTON, D.C., House: The gentleman from Texas UNITED STATES DELE­ proposals to the House Ways and Means GATIONS RELATING TO TRADE Committee. AGREEMENTS I am enclosing a proposed omnibus energy bill-the Energy Independence THE JOURNAL The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Act of 1975-which, along with the tax Chair desires announce that pursu­ The SPEAKER pro tempore , the combined authorities that are nec­ FALL). The Chair has examined the title I, Public Law 93-618, and upon Journal of the last day's proceedings and essary if we are to deal seriously and recommendation of the chairman of effectively with the Nation's pressing en­ announces to the House his approval the Committee on Ways and Means, the thereof. ergy problems. Speaker has selected the following mem­ We have delayed too long in taking de­ Without objection, the Journal stands bers of that committee, to be accredited approved. cisive actions to reduce our dependence by the President, as official advisers to on foreign energy sources and to elim­ There was no objection. the u.s. delegations to international inate our vulnerability to energy disrup- 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 31, 1975 tions such as we experienced last win­ ages and dependency which the Nation The amendments to ESECA would expancl cannot tolerate and the American people and extend the Federal Energy Administra­ ter--or worse. tion's authority to issue and enforce orders In the near term, enactment of the will not accept. prohibiting powerplants and other major proposed legislation along with certain Sincerely, installations from burning petroleum prod­ Administrative ootions would reduce oil GERALD R. FORD. ucts and natural gas. One of the amend­ imports by one million barrels per day ments to the Clean Air Act would eliminate SUMMARY OF PROPOSED LEGISLATION To IN­ by the end of this year, and two million CREASE ENERGY SUPPLY AND AVAILABILITY the regional requirement which probibits barrels per day by the end of 1977. Over major fuel burning sources from burning Title I of the Energy Independence Act of coal where the violation of health-related the mid-term 0975-1985), enactment of 1975 would authorize the production of pe­ the proposed legislation will insure that standards is caused by other sources. An­ troleum from the Naval Petroleum Reserves other amendment would permit certain iso­ domestic supplies of energy are substan­ to top off Defense Department storage tanks, lated plants to use intermittent control svs­ tially increased, that the growth in en­ with the remainder sold at auction or ex­ tems on an interim basis where they do not ergy demand is reduced substantially and changed for refined petroleum products used pose a threat to public health. In addition. that we develop effective protection from by the military or used to fill a National the amendments seek a bette1· balance be­ future energy embargoes or energy emer­ Strategic Petroleum P..eserve. Revenues gen­ tween automobile fuel economy and air qual­ erated from the sale of oil produced from the gencies. In the long term, my proposals ity by stabilizing auto emission require­ Naval Pet roleum Reserves would be used to will allow our Nation to once again sup­ finance the further exploration, development ments for five years at the level of Califor­ ply a significant share of the energy nia's 1975 standards "for hydrocarbons and and production of the Reserves, including carbon monoxide emissions, and holding needs of the free world. 1\TFR #4 in Alaska, as well as to create the at national 1975 standards for oxides of The legislative program I have pro­ National Strategic Petroleum Reserve. At nitrogen. least 20 % , or such other amount as deter­ posed will: Title VI would delete the "significant de­ (1) encourage early development of mined by the President, of the oil eventually terioration" requirement !rom the Clean our oil, natural gas and coal resources; produced from NPR #4 would be earmarked Air Act. There may be more appropriate ways (2) help speed the siting and construc­ for military needs and for the National Stra­ tegic Petroleum Reserve and the remainder to deal with the issues associated with sig­ tion of nuclear and other energy facil­ made available to the domestic economy. nificant deterioration than througb the ities; Although the oil reserves contained in NPR Clean Air Act, and Congress should under­ (3) reduce energy consumption by #4 are largely unexplored and significant take a prompt and comprehensive review or mandating thermal standards for new production is not expected before 1982, it is this issue. homes and commercial buildings and as­ anticipated that NPR #4 wm provide a mini­ Title VII is designed to restore the finan­ mum of 2 million barrels of oil per day by cial health of public utilities. It would sisting persons with low incomes in win­ eliminate undue regulatory lags involved in terizing their homes; 1985. Title I would also grant the Department of the Navy authority to acquire, construct, approving proposed rate changes, assure that <4) encourage investments in the de­ rates adequately reflect the full cost of gen­ nil and maintain a. military strategic petro­ velopment of new domestic energy re­ erating and transmitting electricity, and re­ leum reserve of 300 million barrels as part sources; of the National Strategic Petroleum Reserve. move prohibitions that now prevent lower (5) establish a strategic petroleum re­ prices from being charged to consumers dur­ Title II would authorize the establishment ing off peak hours. Though many states have serve to guard against future import dis­ of a civilian national strategic petroleum re­ already adopted similar programs, enactment ruptions; and serve of up to 1 billion barrels of petroleum. of Title VII will establish certain standard (6) authorize certain standby author­ Once created, this strategic reserve, together regulatory procedures across the Nation, re­ ities to cope with potential embargoes or with the exercise of certain standby author­ sulting in more equitable treatment ot energy emergencies. ities provided for in Title XIII, will minimize utilities . A more detailed summary of my legis­ .ctisruption from future embargoes or other Treasury Secretary Simon has presented to energy emergencies. This Title would au­ the House Ways and Means Committee pro­ lative proposals is enclosed. thorize the Federal government to acquire, My tax proposals already presented by posals for tax changes including increased construct and maintain petroleum storage investment tax credits for public utilities. the Secretary of the Treasury would: facilities, to purchase petroleum or require Presently only a 4% tax credit is available (1) place an excise tax of $2 per bar­ industrial set-asides for a strategic reserve, to utilities wnlle a. 7% tax credit is available rel on all domestic crude oil and an im­ and to utilize petroleum from the reserve to to other industries. The proposed legislation port fee of $2 on all imported crude oil offset disruptions in foreign imports. Most would raise the tax credits to a level of 12% and petroleum products to help reduce of tbe funds required to finance this pro­ "for one year with the 12% rate being re­ gram, as well as a large amount of the oil tained for two additional years for all elec­ the demand for oil, promote domestic to be stored would come from the production refining and encourage the development tric generating facilities not fired by oil or of NPR #1 in Elk Hills, California. Within gas. Utilities would alsG be allowed to in­ of new sources of -energy; one year of enactment, a report would be crease from 50% to 75% the portion of their (2) impose a tax on all domestic crude prepared and submitted to the Congress de­ 1975 tax liabllities that can be offset by the oil in order to capture windfall profits; tailing actions taken and proposed plans for investment tax credit. The percentage would (3) place an excise tax on natural gas developing a strategic petroleum reserve phase back down to 50% by 1980. Corporate equivalent to the $2 tax on oil to reduce system. tax deductions would also be allowed for natural gas demand; Title III is designed to reverse the declin­ preferred stock dividends issued by utilities (4) provide additional tax credits for ing natural gas supply trend as quickly as and other industries. These legislative pro­ possible and to insure increased supplies posals would reduce the cost of capital for public utilities to provide equal tax treat­ of natural gas at reasonable prices to the needed utility expansions and stimulate ment with other industries and promote consumer. Under the proposal, wellhead price equity rather than debt financing. the construction of needed electric gen­ controls over new natural gas sold in inter­ Title VIII is designed to expedite the de­ erating facilities; state commerce would be removed. This ac­ velopment of energy facilities. The Federal (5) provide tax credits for home own­ tion will enable interstate pipelines to com­ Energy Administration would be required to ers who install additional insulation to pete for new onshore gas and encourage develop a. National Energy Site and Facility reduce energy consumption; drilling for gas onshore and in offshore areas. Report with appropriate Federal, State. in­ In order to discourage further conversions dustry and public input. Information in this (6) return to the economy the revenue report would be utilized by the Federal gov­ from energy conservation taxes to offset to natural gas and to encourage greater nat­ ural gas conservation, the President is also ernment, the States and industry in develop­ higher energy costs, particularly for low proposing an excise tax of 37¢ per thousand ing and implementing plans to insure that and middle income citizens, and to help cubic feet on natural gas which is equivalent needed energy facllities are sited, approved restore jobs and production. to the proposed $2 tax on oil. and constructed on a timely basis. At the The 13 titles of this bill, coupled with Titles IV and V contain amendments to Federal level, FEA would be responsible !or appropriate tax measures, are essential the Clean Air Act and the Energy Supply coordinating and expediting the processing of applications to construct energy facilities. to the eventual attainment of our com­ and Environmental Coordination Act of 1974 States would be required to develop man­ mon goal of energy independence. (ESECA). The amendments are needed to agen~ent programs to expedite the process by Prompt action on all these measures is pursue a vigorous program, consistent with which energy facility applications are re­ essential. appropriate environmental safeguards, to viewed and approved at the State level, to I cannot stress too much the sense of make greater use of domestic coal, and thus insure that adequate consideration is given urgency I feel about these proposals and to reduce the need for natural gas and im­ to national and regional energy requirements the need for their swift consideration by ported oil. The proposed amendznents would in the State's siting and approval processes, the Congress as a basis for the earliest serve to reduce the need for oil imports by ai"ld to provide that decisions of State regula­ 100,000 barrels per day in 1975 and 300,000 tory authorities on energy facility appllca­ possible enactment into law. Without tion3 are not overruled by actions ot local these measures, we face a future of short- barrels by 1!)77. January 31, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1977 governments. FEA would provide grants and Energy Program agreement, including pro­ against medical expenses which so many technical assistance to the Sta.tes in develop­ visions for international oil sharing, mutual of our elderly incur. Last year, Congress ing their programs. If a State does not de­ energy conservation programs, and interna­ velop an aocepta.ble management program, tional cooperation on various energy initia­ passed a bill-H.R. 13377-which author­ FEA would promulgate an appropriate man­ tives. This title would include authority to ized medical and hospital care for mem­ agement program for it. The Federal govern­ allocate and control the price of petroleum bers of nations who were allied with the ment would not be authorized to override and petroleum products, promulgate and United States in World War I and World any State decision on a particular site of enforce mandatory energy conservation pro­ War II. facility application. grams, ration petroleum products, order in­ Can we do less for our own citizens? Title IX would provide needed authority creases in domestic oil production, and al­ I hope not, and urge my colleagues in to prevent foreign oil producing countries locate critical materials needed for the main­ from undercutting U.S. efforts to develop tenance, construction and operation of criti­ this Congress to give this measure their domestic petroleum energy resources or cal energy facllities. All or a portion of these earnest consideration. achieve energy independence. The Federal authorities would be invoked upon a deter­ Thank you. Energy Administration would monitor the m1nation that emergency conditions exist. effect of oil price fluctuations on the eco­ nomic viability of conventional petroleum INTRODUCTION OF INDIAN HEALTH development and production projects. Upon EXTENDING MEDICAL BENEFITS CARE IMPROVEMENT ACT the finding that this viability is being threat­ AND HOSPITAL CARE TO SURVIV­ (Mr. MEEDS asked and was given per­ ened, tariffs, quotas, or variable import fees ING MEMBERS OF GUAM COMBAT­ would be imposed. mission to address the House for 1 min­ Two other measures are being developed PATROL ute, to revise and extend his remarks that will affect domestic energy supplies. One (Mr. WON PAT asked and was given and include extraneous matter.> proposal would assure more rapid siting and permission to address the House for 1 Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, today I am licensing of nuclear facilities while retain­ introducing the Indian Health Care Im­ ing sufficient safeguards to protect the en­ minute and to revise and extend his re­ vironment and public health and safety. The marks.) provement Act. The purpose of this legis­ other proposal, to regulate surface mining, Mr. WON PAT. Mr. Speaker, today I lation is to implement the Federal re­ would provide the appropriate balance be­ have introduced a bill which asks that sponsibility for the care and education of tween the urgent need to increase coal pro­ medical benefits and hospital care under the Indian people by improving the serv­ duction and the need to protect the environ­ section 109, title 38, United States Code, ices ahd facilities of Federal Indian ment. be extended to the few surviving mem­ health programs and encouraging maxi­ DEMAND RESTRAINT MEASURES bers of the Guam Combat Patrol. This mum participation of Indians in such Each of the demand restraint measures measure is similar to that which I in­ programs. contained in Titles x-:xn is an essential ele­ ment in achieving our overall goal of re­ troduced in the 93d Congress and rep­ It is no secret that the health of Ameri­ ducing oil imports and lowering the demand resents a continuation of my longstand­ can Indians ranks at the bottom of for coal, natural gas and electricity. These ing efforts to provide these brave war­ American society. The statistics relate a proposals will serve to reduce wasteful en­ riors with the recognition and benefits deplorable situation. The incidence of ergy use, create jobs, and lessen economic they so richly deserve. tuberculosis for Indians and Alaska Na­ hardships, while not impeding economic out­ The Guam Combat Patrol consisted of tives is 6.4 times higher than the rate for put. Guamanian civilians who were pressed all citizens of the United States; the rate Title X would establish mandatory thermal (heating and cooling) efficiency standards for into duty immediately after the U.S. for diabetes is at least 3 times that of all all new homes and commercial buildings. It Marines recaptured Guam in the .closing races of the United States; and while is anticipated that this program will save the days of World War II. Sparsely armed, respiratory and gall bladder illness sta­ equivalent of 500,000 barrels of oil per day and with little training or experience, tistics are not reported in the general in 1985. The Secretary of Housing and Urban these valiant men fought as a mopup population, Indian Health Service offi­ Development in consultation with engineer­ unit to clean the island of the unrelent­ cials state emphatically that the rates for ing, architectural, consumer, labor and in­ ing remnants of the Japanese Army dustry representatives would be responsible these diseases among Indians and Alaska for developing thermal efficiency standards. which had occupied Guam for 3 years Natives are significantly higher than that Standards for residential dwellings would be previously. of the general population. Otitis media, promulgated and implemented within one Time and again, these men braved an infection of the middle ear which year, and performance standards for com­ dangers of the times to help :.-id our is­ affects most commonly children under mercial and other residential buildings de­ land of the enemy. In doing so, they won the age of 2 years, continues to be a veloped and implemented as soon thereafter at least 30 Bronze Medals and 2 Silver leading cause of disability in Indians and as practicable. State and local governments would assume primary responsibility for en­ Stars for their efforts. Unfortunately Alaska Natives, and although surgical forcing standards through local building that is all the recognition the Depart­ treatment is possible which can gen­ codes. ment of Defense has ever seen fit to pro­ erally prevent the long-term and serious Title XI would establish, within the Fed­ vide. disabilities of deafness and learning defi­ eral Energy Administration, a grant program Today, there are only approximately ciencies, only a fraction of this essential for States to assist low income persons, par­ 40 members of the Combat Patrol sur­ surgery is now being provided. The in­ ticularly the elderly, in winterizing their viving. In the past, I have introduced fant mortality rate among Indians is homes. Title XI is modeled after a successful pilot project that was conducted in the State legislation offering these men a wider almost 1.1 times the national average, of Maine during 1974. Annual appropriations range of veterans benefit-all to no avail. while the Indian birth rate continues at of $55 million would be authorized to fund The Department of Defense has blocked a rate twice that of other Americans; the three year grant program, and enable every attempt to provide the few re­ and while every other American can ex­ States to purchase winterization materials maining members of the Combat Patrol pect to live to the age of at least 70 .8 for dwellings of low-income persons. with the benefits they earned. years, the Indian and Alaska Natives Title XII would authorize the President to I will not accept defeat on their be­ can expect to live only to age 65.1. require energy efficiency labels on all new major appliances and motor vehicles. This half any more than they did 30 years ago. To eradicate much of the disease and title would insure that consumers are fully I believe that these men have a right to suffering among the Indian and Alaska apprised of the efficiency of various ap­ at least the same level of benefits which Native populations in this country, the pliances and motor vehicles and would en­ were provided for civilian members of Federal Government since 1955 has des­ courage the manufacture and greater utiliza­ the Philippine resistance effort during ignated the Indian Health Service to t ion of more efficient products. World War II. carry out the responsibility. The Indian EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PROGRAMS Accordingly, I have again submitted Health Service is a division of the Public In addition to taking measures to increase for congressional approval this measure. Health Service in the Health Services Ad­ domestic supplies, reduce demand and create Although it does not afford Combat Pa­ ministration of the Department of a strategic reserve system, we must be in a trol members all of the benefits I believe position to take immediate and decisive ac­ Health, Education, and Welfare. The In­ tions to counteract any future energy emer­ they should have, it does provide access dian Health Service has grown rapidly gency. to at least the benefits they require since 1955. From a budget of $24.5 million Title XIII would provide the President most-medical and hospital care. Some and a staff of 3,574 in 1955, it has grown with certain standby authorities to deal with of these men are in their twilight years to a staff of 8,108 and an annual budget future embargoes or other energy emer­ and the least that this country should gencies and to carry out the International of approximately $226 million. The Serv­ do is to provide them with a haven ice has done an admirable job with what 1978 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 31, 1975 it has had to work with and with the lack of adequate roads and emergency The GAO report found that a survey enormous task it faced. transportation and communication sys­ of 9,450 households at six IHS service The efforts of this agency have caused tems. units revealed that 54 percent of Indian much progress in the fight against dis­ The shortage of personnel is likely to families had no water supply source in ease, as since 1955, the infant death rate become even more acute in the coming their homes, 9 percent had inadequate has declined 65 percent; the death rate years due to the expiration of the Doctor food storage facilities, 65 percent did not from gastritis and related diseases has Draft Act authority. An absence of ade­ have flush toilets, 48 percent lacked sat­ declined 84 percent; the tuberculosis quate housing facilities and the remote­ isfactory liquid waste disposal facilities, death rate is down 86 percent; the in­ ness and cultural isolation of IHS assign­ and 26 percent of them lived in homes fluenza and pneumonia death rate has ments add to the problem of recruiting which had evidence of heavy fly infesta­ decreased 57 percent; and the death rate professional staff. tion. In addition, the study contained the from certain diseases of early infancy Admissions to IHS and contract hos­ finding that 63 percent of a random sam­ has declined 81 percent. However, as the pitals have more than doubled since 1955. pling of homes were using water which current statistics indicate, there is much For 1973, the total admissions were was not protected from contamination or more to be done. The Indian Health Serv­ 102,350 as compared to 50,143 in 1955. which was judged by environmental ice cannot perform the job that we as­ The outpatient visits increased almost 5 health personnel to be contaminated, signed it alone; we must help by provid­ times in the same time period from 455,- and about 20 percent were consuming ing the direction and financial resources 000 in 1955 to 2,329,160 in 1973. This in­ unsafe water as measured by the criteria to overcome the inadequacies in the ex­ crease in utilization of Indian health for bacterial content used by State pub­ isting Federal Indian health care pro­ services, together with inadequate facili­ lic health agencies. gram. ties and the shortage of medical person­ The problems discussed above relate The Indian Health Service is hindered nel in the Indian Health Service, has primarily to those Indians who live on in the task of alleviating the incidence created a very serious backlog of unmet ()1' near reservations and are members of of disease among Native Americans by health needs. For example, there are federally recognized tribes. However, a outdated and inadequate health facili­ backlogged 13,107 surgical cases of otitis substantial segment of the Indian popu­ ties. Of the existing facilities, some 38 media, 2,900 patients in need of surgery lation-a total of approximately 400,000 hospitals, 66 health centers, and 240 oth­ for disease or other abnormal conditions Indians-resides away from the reserva­ er health stations are at least 20 years of the gall bladder or bile duct, and ap­ tion, in large urban centers or in rural old. Many .of them are old one-story, proximately 2,300 surgical cases of eye communities. A different set of health wooden buildings witl1 inadequate elec­ cataracts. service problems amtcts these Indians, tricity, ventilation, insulation, and fire Many of the diseases which afflict the and yet the result is a health status for protection systems, and of such insuffi­ Indian and Alaska Native populations them quite similar to that of the reserva­ cient size as to jeopardize the health and are environmentally related. Gastroen­ tion Indians. safety of their occupants. teritis ranked second among the leading The Indian Health Care Improvement According to the Joint Committee on reported diseases for Indians in 1972. Act attempts to alleviate the above-men­ Accreditation of Hospitals-JCAH-only The incidence rate for amebiosis dysen­ tioned problems. Title I provides for a 21 of the 51 existing IHS hospitals meet tery was 2.2 times, for bacillary dysen­ health professions scholarship program, JCAH standards of accreditation--either tery was 49.6 times, and for infection a health professions preparatory scholar­ because of insufficient staffing or poor hepatitis was 10.7 times greater than the ship program, and for continuing educa­ physical plants-that two-thirds of the rate for the general population in 1972. tion allowances to assure an adequate hospitals are obsolete, and that 22 need In 1973, approximately 20 percent of the health manpower base. Title II provides complete replacement. Indian patients discharged from IHS funds and positions to eliminate health To meet the needs of approximately and contract hospitals received treat­ services backlogs. Title m provides for 489,000 Indians, ms and contract facili­ ment for infectious diseases-respira­ construction and renovation of service ties provide some 3,700 hospital beds. tory, other infectious and parasitic, and facilities and construction of safe water This is 1 bed per 132 persons as com­ skin diseases-and their residuals. Most and sanitary waste disposal facilities. pared to the national average of 1 hos­ of these diseases are associated with lack Title IV provides for greater Indian par­ pital bed per 125 persons, indicating a of running water, unsanitary conditions, ticipation in the medicare and medicaid shortage of more than 200 beds under and an overcrowded home environment. programs. Title V provides for access to existing standards of service and de­ Contributing to these health problems health services for Indians not residing mand. The greater incidence of disease is the widespread scarcity of safe water on or near Federal Indian reservations. among Indians renders this deficiency and the lack of adequate facilities for Mr. Speaker, the following colleagues all the more acute. Per capita expendi.. the disposal of human and other house­ join me in introducing this legislation: tures for Indian health care purposes are hold wastes. Thousands of Indians on LIST OF CosPONSORS 25 percent below per capita expenditures many reservations still haul water over 1. Theodore M. Risenhoover. distances of a quarter of .a mile or more, 2. Harold T. Johnson. for health care in the average American 3. John Melcher. community. This is further compounded the only available sources of which often are contaminated streams, in1gation 4. Jaime Benitez. by the fact that many of our national 5. Don Edwards. health programs, designed to assist the ditches. stock ponds. and unprotected 6. Mendel Davis. general population, are difficult or im­ wells and springs. The inadequate waste 7. Charles Wilson. possible to apply to Indians. Medicare, disposal facilities result in the spread of 8. Don Fraser. medicaid, and social security programs micro-organisms responsible for diar­ 9. Edward Roybal. rhea and dysentery, insect and rodent 10. George Brown. afford little relief because, given the 11. Peter Rodino. unique social situation of most Indians, infestations in Indian homes and com­ 12. Michael Harrington. very few know they are eligible for medi­ munities, and contaminaticm of f<>Od and 13. James Weaver. care or have worked long enough for domestic water supplies. This relation­ 14. John W. Jenrette, Jr. social security eligibility. ship between unsatisfactory environmen­ 15. George Miller. The manpower shortage among physi­ tal conditions and the low health status 16. Robert J. Cornell. cians and related health personnel is was dramatically stated in a report to 17 James O'Hara. probably the most pressing and serious 18. Don Young. the Congress in March of 1974 by the 19. Elizabeth Holtzman. problem facing the Indian Health Serv- General Accounting Office. GAO found 20. Robert A. Roe. ice. At present. there are 492 physicians that those Indians living in housing 21. Mike McCormack. in the IHS, which represents a ratio of 1·ated unsatisfactory because of environ­ 22. Richard Bolling. 1 physician for every 994 Indians as mental conditions made demands on the 23. Richard ottlnger. opposed to a national average of slightly Indian Health Service primary health 24. Louis Stokes. 25. Herman Badillo. under 600 persons per physician. The care system for treatment of environ­ 26. Claude Pepper. shortage is complicated by the highly mentally related diseases at a rate al­ 27. Leo Ryan. dispersed and remote locations of many most 4 times as high as those living in 28. George Danielson. Indian tribes, vast distances between housing with satisfactory environmental 29. Shirley Chisholm. settled areas on reservations, and the conditions. 30. William Ford. JanuaTy 31, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1979

31. R ichard White. along with any supplemental, minority, Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reserva­ 32. Ralph Metcalfe. and/ or separate views. tion of objection. 33. Stephen Solarz . The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there 34. Paul S. Sarbanes. objection to the request of the gentle­ objection to the request of the gentle­ 35. Bella Abzug. man from Minnesota? 36. Sidney Yates. man from Minnesota? 37. Robert Duncan. Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, reserving There was no object ion. 38. Mar vin Esch . the right to object, I would like to ask the gentleman whether or not it is the intention of the Committee on Agricul­ LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM FOR T HE BICENTENNIAL SEED BILL ture to bring this bill to the floor for full debate and amendments, or is there WEEK OF FEBRUARY 3, 1975 (Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts asked some plan to bring the bill up under a (Mr. MICHEL asked a nd was given and was given permission to address the procedure that would cut off debat e and permission to address the House for 1 House for 1 minute and to revise and amendments. minut e and to revise and extend h is re­ extend his remarks.) Mr. BERGLAND. Mr. Speaker, will the m arks.) Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts. Mr. gentleman yield? Mr . MICH EL. Mr. Speaker, I h ave Speaker, this is kind of a wet, dark, Mr. BAUMAN. I yield to the gentle­ a sked for t his time for the purpose of dreary day. I thought this would be an man from Minnesota. asking t h e majority leader or som e opportune time to bring up the bill that Mr. BERGLAND. Mr. Speaker, we Member on the other side if h e will give I filed and ask some of the Members of have been consulting with the ranking u& the program for next week. the House to look into this legislation minority member of the committee, the Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, if the and cosponsor it with me. It is going to gentleman from Virginia (Mr. WAMP­ acting minority leader will yield, I will be called the bicentennial seed bill. LER) in order to determine whether or be happy to respond to his request. As the Members know, when the De­ not there might be some way in which There is no further legislative business partment of Agriculture was first set up, this matter could be considered on the scheduled for today, and upon announce­ its purpose and intention were to distrib­ suspension calendar on Tuesday of next ment of the program for next week I ute seeds throughout the entire coun­ week. However, no agreement has been will ask unanimous consent to go over try; and they did that. It resulted in gar­ reached that I am aware of at this point. until Monday. dens, small and large gardens, with small Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, I will ask The program for the House of Repre­ farm development throughout the whole the gentleman this: This would preclude sentatives for next week is as follows: country. After all these farms were de­ any amendments, and it would limit de­ On Monday, we will call the Consent veloped, this Nation grew tn the produc­ bate to 20 minut-es on each side? calendar, and there are no bills. Under tion of food, they suddenly developed the Mr. BERGLAND. Mr. Speaker, if the suspension of the rule~ . there are no closed shop idea. Those farmers said, gentleman will yield further, the gentle­ bills scheduled. "Now is the time to shut off the supply man is correct. On Tuesday we will call the Private of seeds to the American people." Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, I just Calendar, and there are no bills. As the Members know, seeds can be wish to point this out to the gentleman: Under suspension of the rules, there distributed throughout this country, and We have been here for 2 weeks and we is one bill listed: H.R. 1589, to prohibit it would not cost us $6 million a year have done absolutely nothing. It has food stamp increases. under the bill that I filed. The bill only been 4 weeks since the constitutional On Wednesday and the balance of the calls for 3 years' duration, and in those date when we should have come back. week, we will consider the following 3 years the results of this distribution We have heard from the majority about legislation: of the seeds would result in the produc­ all the Nation's problems being solved H .R. 1767, prohibiting imposition of tion of over $1 billion worth of food. within 90-days. traiffs, fees, and quotas on oil imports, It is amazing that some people do not Apparently the gentleman is :elling subject to a rule being granted. read the papers or do not listen to the this House now that this bill, which ought Confer ence reports may be brought up news media and do not listen in to the to be amended extensively, must come at any time, and any further program hunger that now prevails throughout the up under suspension of the rules. I see no will be announced later. world. It is amazing that some people do time problem involved, and I think the Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, if the act­ not realize that the prices of vegetables gentleman's committee should request a ing majority leader will respond fur­ in this country today are almost as high rule so that the House may work its will ther, I wish to ask a question. as meat prices were five years ago. The on this matter instead of just jamming Mr. BRADEMAS. Of course. average housewife today, trying to put 1t through. Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, would the a palatable meal on the table, nutrttious Mr. BERGLAND. Mr. Speaker, if the gentleman anticipate any problem at all food-and my friend, Mr BAUMAN, of gentleman will yield further, due to cir­ with the rule on H.R. 1767? Maryland, here has just expressed his cumstances about which the gentleman Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, if the boredom at this. He does not understand is well informed, the Committee on Agl"i­ gentleman will yield, I will answer now that there are shortages in this culture did not complete its organization briefiy: No. country in food, and it is predicted that until Wednesday of this week, and on Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, is it still within 10 years there are going to be dire Thursday we convened to consider this the intention of the leadership that we shortages of food in this country. matter. This is a bill which is very im­ conclude our business on Thursday at My bill will cost $6 million a year and portant to 17 million Amelican con­ some hour, at which time we would be­ in 3 years produce over $1 billion in food. sumers, and the earliest date we would gin the Lincoln's Birthday recess ? Think it over. Let us start doing some act on it was yesterday. So we are asking Mr. BRADEMAS. The gentleman is of the things our forefathers did by sup­ the House to take this matter up as correct. porting the bicentennial seed bill. quickly as practicable under the circum­ Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker , I thank stances. Tuesday is apparently the the gentleman. earliest date it could be considered, and PERMISSION FOR COMMITTEE ON if that will not work, consideration of AGRICULTURE TO Fn.E A REPORT, the bill would have to be postponed un­ ALONG WITH SUPPLEMENTAL, til a later date. ADJGURNMENT TO MONDAY, MINORITY, AND/ OR SEPARATE Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, the FEBRUARY 3, 1975 VIEWS ON H.R. 1589, AMENDING gentleman has referred to the "reform Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, I ask THE FOOD STAMP ACT OF 1964 movement" which affected the Commit­ unanimous consent that when the House Mr. BERGLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask tee on Agriculture, and other commit­ adjourns today, it adjomn to meet on unanimous consent that the Committee tees as well, and this reform is supposed Monday next. on Agriculture may have until midnight to allow the will of the people to be The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there tonight, January 31, 1975, to file a report worked. However, the suspension proce­ objection to the request of the gentleman on the bill H.R. 1589, as amended, to dure does not seem to be a symptom of from Indiana? amend the Food Stamp Act of 1964, any kind of reform. There was no objection. 1980 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 31, 1975 DISPENSING WITH CALENDAR we suspend or reduce health-related pollu­ ments, Civil Service and military retirement tion standards as proposed? pay, food stamps, a.nd Civil Service salaries. WEDNESDAY BUSINESS ON Yes--. (a.) Assuming tha.t inflation continues at or WEDNESDAY NEXT No--. near the double-digit percentage rate, how Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, I ask 3. Oil Conservation. (a) The President's do you feel about setting a 5 percent limit unanimous consent that the business in goal is to cut oil imports by 2 ,000,000 barrels on: a day by 1977, to reduce our dependence on Social Security. For --. Oppose --. order under the Calendar Wednesday Arab oil. Obviously, considerable sacrifices Civil Service/ Military Retirement pay. rule be dispensed with on Wednesday will have to be made to do this. In principle, For--. Oppose--. next. do you support this goal? Food Stamps. For --. Oppose --. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Yes-. Civil Service Salaries. For --. Oppose objection to the request of the gentle­ No-. man from Indiana? (b) The President's own plan is likely to (b) Would you favor a 5 percent limit on There was no objection. result in increased costs and taxes on all gas­ increases in each of the above programs and oline, oil, and petroleum products, but it on your own salary if it would help fight avoids rationing, the main alternative. What inflation? conservation plan do you prefer? Favor--. HON. H. JOHN HEINZ Til SENDS Prefer President Ford's plan--. Oppose--. QUESTIONNAIRE ON STATE OF Prefer rationing--. 9. Serving You. As your Congressman, how Prefer a much higher tax on gasoline can I do a better job for you? --. THE UNION MESSAGE only--. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Mc­ Prefer combination of rationing and FALL). Under a previous order of the taxes--. BILL TO PROHIBIT GOVERNMENT House, the gentleman from Pennsylvania 4. Oil Pri~es. To stimulate domestic pro­ FROM REQUffiiNG EDUCATIONAL duction and to reduce demand and imports, RECORDS AS PREREQUISITE TO (Mr. HEINZ) is recognized for 5 minutes. President Ford plans to decontrol the price Mr. HEINZ. Mr. Speaker, any set of of domestic oil on April 1. A windfall profits RECEIPT OF FEDERAL FUNDS solutions to the Nation's economic and tax will be part of this plan, but the cost of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a energy problems-whether those pre­ gasoline, heating oil, electricity, and other previous order of the House, the gentle­ sented by President Ford in his state of items is sure to go up. Do you favor or oppose woman from Maryland (Mrs. HoLT) is the Union message, or alternate pro­ this plan? Favor--. recognized for 5 minutes. posals advanced by the Congress-almost Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, because of certainly will result in great personal Oppose-. 5. Tax Rebate. President Ford's plan calls my continuing concem with the unrea­ sacrifice for families everywhere. for a 1975 tax cut of $16 bilUon. Three-quar­ sonable demands by Federal officials for These are especially uncertain times. ters of this is earmarked for individuals, giv­ reports and access to school records, I The families in the 18th District of Penn­ ing most people a cash refund of 12 percent have introduced H.R. 2213, a measure sylvania, which I represent, are as con­ of their 1974 ta.x bill, up to $1,000 each. The which would establish an orderly, legal cerned as anyone about the impact that balance would be use for increasing the in­ process for the investigation of civil these serious problems will have on their vestment tax credit. How would you divide the $16 billion tax cut? (Can check more rights complaints. lives and on the Nation as a whole. Be­ than one) Because of the widespread interest in cause I value the opinions of my constit­ · I agree with President Ford's division of this legislation, and because I intend to uents, I am mailing the following ques­ the rebate-. reintroduce this measure with cosponsors tionnaire to each household in my dis­ I would give less to low and middle-income in the near future, I am taking this trict: persons--. means of reporting the full text of my STATE OF THE UNION QUESTIONNAIRE I would give more to low and middle­ amendment to the Equal Educational FEBRUARY 1, 1975. income persons-. I would give more to business and less to Opportunity Act of 1974. DEAR FRIEND: In his State of the Union The text of the bill follows: Message, President Ford outlined the very individuals-. difficult economic and energy problems we I would give less to business and more to Be it enacted by the Senate and House of face. His program includes a tax cut, but individuals-. Representatives of the United states of 6. Spending the Energy Tax. The Presi­ America in Congress assembled, That part B also requires substantial sacrifice. It calls of the Equal Educational Opportunities Act for big increases in the cost of gasoline, oil, dent's proposals include using $27 billion of 1974 (Publlc Law 93-380; 88 Stat. 519) and all petroleum products. It advocates a from the additional taxes on energy as indi­ cated below. How would you like to see it is amended by adding at the end thereof the loosening of pollution standards and a tem­ following new section: porary halt to certain Fedeml programs. divided up? Indicate more (+),less (-),or the same amount ( =) on these programs, Supporters of the plan say it is the best "LIMITATION ON FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS, AGEN­ possible considering the extent of our prob­ using the appropriate symbol. CIES, OFFICERS, AND EMPLOYEES lems. Critics claim it will fuel the infia­ $16.5 billion to reduce the individual in­ "SEc. 260. (a) Except as provided by sub­ tionary spiral, take more away than it re­ come tax--. section (b) of this section, no department, $2 billion to local and state govern­ turns, or fail to conserve energy. agency, officer, employee, or agent of the There are diftlcult decisions to be made, ments-. United States shall, as a prerequisite or con­ and they must be made quickly. Frankly, I $2 billion to pay $80 each to adults who dition to the receipt of Federal funds, re­ have serious reservations about many parts pay no tax--. quire any school, school system, or educa­ $6 billion to reduce the corporate tax rate of the plan and I want to know how you tional institution to produce or provide ac­ feel. Your interest in keeping me advised to43 %--. cess to a.ny information or records which con­ $500 million to allow a tax credit up to cern race, religion, sex, or national origin and helps me provide the kind of representation $150 for home insulation equipment--. you want. which relate to- Other (please specify) --. --. .. ( 1) public enrollments in or assignments 7. Spending Priorities. To keep down Fed­ to any school, school system, educational in­ CONGRESSMAN JOHN HEINZ ASKS YouR OPIN­ eral spending, President Ford wants to delay stitution, or program or activity thereof; ION ON THE NATION'S IMPORTANT ISSUES new spending programs and hold the line "(2) the employment or assignment of [All questions provide for "His" and "Her on present programs, except for energy and professional or other personnel; or answers] defense, for one year. Should the Federal "(3) disciplinary actions or procedures. Government spend more ( +), less(-), or "(b) (1) Any department, agency, officer, 1. The President's Plan. In general, how do the same amount ( =) on these programs: you feel about President Ford's State of the employee or agent of the United StaJtes may Defense--. (to the extent authorized by law) seek ac­ Union Message and his economic and energy Housing and Construction --. proposals? cess to information or the production of rec­ Public Service Jobs--. ords of any school, school s.ystem, or educa­ Strongly approve --. Health, incl. Nat'l. Insurance --. Mostly approve --. tional institution concerning any matter set Fa.rm subsidies --. forth in subsection (a) by obtaining prior, Mostly disapprove --. Environment/Conservation--. Strongly disapprove --. voluntary, written consent of the appropri­ 2. Energy and Pollution. President Ford Education --. ate governing authority of such school, school proposed that we turn to alternate sources Foreign aid --. system, or educational institution, or by sub­ of energy to help relieve the energy crisis. Welfare--. mitting to an appropriate court of the United These alternatives include requiring electric Mass transit--. States having proper jurisdiction a petition utilities now burning oil and natural gas to 8. Cost of Living Limits. Also to hold down accompanied by affidavits by or on behalf of convert to coal, a less clean fuel, a.nd modi­ Federal spending, President Ford wants to students or parents of students attending fying or deferring industrial and automo· limit to 5 percent any cost-of-living increases such school, school system, or educational in· tive pollution standards for five years. Should in such programs a.s Social Security pay- stitution, or by employees thereof, alleging January 31, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1981 unlawful discrimination by the school, school clared a 1973 Public Health Service pub­ All the Massachusetts and Rhode Is­ system, or educational institution on the lication: land Congressmen sponsored tl'lis legis­ basis of race, religion, sex, or national origin, together with such other evidence as the Recently enacted epidemiological studies lation at the end of the second session court may require. from several countries continue to confirm of the 93d Congress. It is even more that cigarette smoking is one of the major necessary today as we feel spiraling un­ "(2) Reasonable notice and an opportu­ factors contributing to the development of nity for a hearing shall be afforded to the coronary heart disease. employment and increasing Fedet·al clo­ appropriate governing authority of such sures across the country. Just a couple of school, school system, or educational insti­ The death rate from coronary heart months ago, the Secretary of Defense an­ tution, and upon a finding by the court that disease among smokers is twice the rate there is probable cause to believe that such notmced 111 actio:1s which affect mili­ unlawful discrimination may have occurred, among nonsmokers. Coronary heart dis­ tary installations either in terms of cut­ the court may order access to such informa­ ease accounts for a greater number of backs or closures. And these ar~ only tion or the production of such records of the excess deaths among smokers than any some of the recent Federal facility-relat­ school, school system, or educational insti­ other cause, including lung cancer. ed actions which have an adverse effect tution as the court deems necessary." The causal relationship between on our individual State and local econo­ SEC. 2. The amendment made by the first smoking and disease is even more ap­ mies. section of this Act shall take effect upon the parent in the case of chronic broncho­ date of the enactment of this Act. Among other States, Massachusetts pulmonary diseases-chronic bronchitis and Rhode Island have been severely hit and emphysema. The Public Health by defense cutbacks in the past few years. DRINAN INTRODUCES LEGISLATION Services 1974 publication, "The Health As military facilities have been phased TO COMBAT CIGARETTE-RELATED Consequencies of Smoking" called ciga­ out and their work forces cut back in part DISEASES rette smoking "the primary cause of or in entirety, the reuse of these facilities chronic bronchitis and emphysema." The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a is a major economic issue for the local The death rate from these diseases is community and the State involved. previous order of the House, the gentle­ four to seven times as great among man from Massachusetts (Mr. DRINAN) Particularly at this time, when unem­ smokers as among nonsmokers. For the ployment is high and economic develop­ is recognized for 10 minutes. bulk of the populatlon, cigarette smok­ Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, on January ment is in need of incentive, use of sur­ ing is far more important in causing plus property which could be effective 31, 1975, I introduced legislation to ex­ bronchopulmonary diseases than atmos­ pand medical research into the preven­ in promoting such development and act pheric pollution. as a supplier of jobs, should be encour­ tion, treatment, and cure of cigarette­ If we are ever going to conquer these related heart and lung diseases. After aged. cigarette-related diseases, it is fitting The updated legislation we are filling years of inaction, Congress has finally that America's cigarette smokers should come to recognize the urgent necessity of lead the crusade to find a cure. I am, today will authorize the disposition of finding a cure to cancer. The enactment therefore, proposing that the Federal ex­ Federal surplus property to States and of the National Cancer Act Amendments cise tax on cigarettes be increased by 1 their subdivisions at a reduced price­ of 1974 sharply increased the authorized cent per pack with the proceeds from the less than fair market value-for the ad­ funding of the National Cancer Institute. tax hike going to the medical research ditional purpose of economic develop­ The HEW appropriations bill, signed into programs of the Heart and Lung Insti­ ment reuse. Existing Federal statutory law on December 7, 1974, earmarked $691 tute. On the basis of the 29.4 billion packs authority is not adequate to allow such a million for the National Cancer Institute of cigarettes consumed in the United transfer to take place. At present, if a in fiscal year 1975. States in 1973, this minute tax increase community opts for a redevelopment Unfortunately, Congress has not ex­ would generate approximately $294 mil­ plan focusing on community services, tended this tangible commitment to other lion in revenue each year. By applying the surplus property may be obtained diseases which incapacitate and kill these funds to the programs of the Heart for substantially less than fair market thousands of Americans annually. More and Lung Institute, we will hasten the value. !! the property is redesignated for Americans die from coronary heart dis­ day when the threat posed by coronary use as an economic resource, however, ease each year than from any other heart disease, bronchitis, emphysema, the community must pay the full fair cause. Yet our expenditures on research and other heart and lung-related market value--often a price wen beyond in the area of heart disease remain less diseases to smokers and nonsmokers alike the financial means of the community. than half the amount we devote to cancer will be greatly reduced. Certainly a Due to this stringent monetary arrange­ research. Chronic bronchopulmonary penny per pack is a small price to pay to ment, economic development reuse plans diseases including bronchitis and em­ safeg~:-..rd our public health. are often delayed or scuttled. The leg­ physema are among the fa.stest growir.g Prompt consideration of this and simi­ islation we are filing will, moreover, killers in the United States. Yet we spent lar legislation by the Rouse is particu­ provide that in no event shall the dis­ less money researching a cure for these larly necessary in light of the President's counted price be less than 25 percent diseases in fiscal year 1974 than the cost proposal to rescind more than $350 mil­ of fair market value. of building a single B-1 bomber. lion in funds appropriated by law to the This legislat~on will facilitate the eco­ The National Heart and Lung Insti­ National Institutes of Health in fiscal nomic adjustment of a State or local tute, operating under the auspices of the year 1975. The President proposes to re­ government to the severe economic bur­ National Institutes of Health-NIH­ duce the presently inadequate budget of den imposed on it by the closure of a has proven its effectiveness in research­ the National Heart and Lung Institute Federal facility, military or otherwise. ing the prevention, treatment, and cure by more than 10 percent. If Congress ap­ The legislation will also focus the operat­ of heart, lung, and blood diseases. Yet proves these rescissions and fails to ex­ ing responsibility for this legislation on the Heart and Lung Institute needs in­ pand vital health research programs, we the Secretary of Commerce, so that Fed­ creased funding in order to complete its will be taking a large step backwards in eral and local efforts can be better facili­ monumental task. The money appropri­ our efforts to conquer se1ious disease. tated and coordinated. Since the Eco­ ated to the Heart and Lung Institute, nomic Development Administration­ expressed in constant dollars, actually EDA-is already involved in the rede­ declined between 1974 and 1975, \\ith a velopment of base closures in the early continued decline projected if the Presi­ LEGISLATION TO ENCOURAGE JOBS ANDREUEVEUNEMPLOYMENT stages, it is logical that EDA/Commerce dent's budget request in this area is should have central responsibility for dis­ adopted by the Congress. It is simply ir­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a posing of surplus Federal property for responsible to cut back these vital re­ previous order of the House, the gentle­ economic development reuse purposes. search programs while the incidence of man from Massachuetts human potential. . come from the prudent development of Mr. GoNZALEZ, for 5 minutes, today. Assistance in language, communica­ resources from our public lands. As Mr. DRINAN, for 10 minutes, today. tion skills, cultural orientation, and on­ chairman of the House Subcommittee on Mr. O'NEILL, for 5 minutes, today, the-job training opportunities for these Public Lands, I want to take this oppor­ Mr. FoRD of Tennessee, for 5 minutes, new arrivals are investments in our own tunity to inform the House that I shall today. future. Immigrants are all highly moti­ schedule prompt healings on three sig­ vated or they sw·ely would not have nificant matters. EXTENSION OF REMARKS come. I am sponsoring this bill as a On Tuesday morning, February 4, the means of sustaining and fulfilling our na­ subcommittee will hold a hearing to de­ By unanimous consent, permission to tional purpose as eXPressed in the in­ termine whether or not we are getting revise and extend remarks was granted scription on our Statue of Liberty. maximum gas production from wells on to: My bill would provide Federal financial public domain lands, including the Outer Mr. FASCELL, and to include extrane­ assistance to gateway cities and States Continental Shelf. It has been brought ous matter. with large numbers of foreign-born im­ to the attention of the subcommittee that Oregon, Mr. EDWARDS of thority of the Postal Rate Commission with Mr. THONE, Mr. YATRON, and Mr. California, Mr. EILBERG, and Mr. respect to the operation of the Postal Service, YoUNG of Florida): FAUNTROY): and for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 2520. A bUl to prohibit travel at Gov­ H.R. 2504. A bill to authorize temporary Post Office and Civil Service. ernment expense outside the United States assistance to help defray mortgage payments By Mr. CORMAN (for himself, Mr. by Members of Congress who have been on homes owned by persons who are tempo­ VANIK, Mr. PASCELL, and Mr. BEARD defeated, or who have resigned, or retired; rarily unemployed or whose incomes have of Rhode Island) : to the Committee on House Administration. been signlfl.cantly reduced as the result of H.R. 2511. A bUl to create a national system By Mrs. MINK: adverse economic conditions; to the Com­ of health security; to the Committee on Ways H.R. 2521. A bill to amend title 10 of the mittee on Banking, Currency and Housing. and Means. United States Code to apply cost-of-living By Mr. ASHLEY (for himself, Mr. B:r Mr. FINDLEY (for himself, Mr. increases to annuities payable under the re­ FLOOD, Mr. FORD Of Tennessee, Mr. BLANCHARD, Mr. DOWNEY, Mr. JEN­ tired serviceman's family protection plan FRASER, Mr. FULTON, Mr. FuQUA, Mr. RETTE, Mr. MIKVA, Mr. REES, and Mrs. and to continue payment of annuities under GAYDOS, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. HAYS SCHROEDER) : such plan to widows or widowers who re­ of Ohio, Mr. HEcHLER of West Vir­ H.R. 2512. A blll to prevent famine and marry at age 60 or thereafter; to the Com­ ginia, Mr. HELSTOSKI, Mr. HICKS, Miss establish freedom from hunger by increasing mittee on Armed Services. HOLTZMAN, Mr. JENRETTE, Mr. JONES world food production through the develop­ H.R. 2522. A bill to provide Federal pro­ of North Carolina, Miss JORDAN, Mr. ment of land-grant type Universities in agri­ grams of educational, employment, and KARTH, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. LEHMAN, culturally developing nations; to the Com­ other assistance to areas with heavy con­ Mr. LEVITAS, Mr. MAGUIRE, Mr. MA­ mittee on Foreign Affairs. centrations of foreign-born persons; to the THIS, Mr. METCALFE, Mr. MEZVINSKY, By Mr. GREEN (for himself, Mr. CoR­ Committee on Education and Labor. and Mr. MINETA) : MAN, Mr. GmBoNs, and Mr. MIKvA) : H.R. 2523. A bill to amend section 1681 H.R. 2505. A bill to authorize temporary H.R. 2513. A bill to repeal the percentage (b) of title 38, United States Code, to pro­ assistance to help defray mortgage payments depletion allowance for oll and gas; to the vide for payment of the educational as­ on homes owned by persons who are tempo­ Committee on Ways and Means. sistance allowance in certain cases where a rarily unemployed or whose incomes have By Mr. HEINZ (for himself, Mr. GIL­ veteran transfers from one approved educa­ been slgnlfl.cantly reduCed as the result ·of MAN, and Mr. ScHULZE) : tional institution to another educational in­ adverse economic conditions; to the Com.. H.R. 2514. A bill to establish a National stitution; to the Committee on Veterans• m1ttf:e on Banking. Currency and Housing. Commission on Regulatory Reform; to the Affairs. CXXI--126-Part 2 1988 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 31, 197 5 H.R. 2524. A bill to restore the eligibility H.R. 2532. A bill to amend the Federal By Mr. SANTINI: of certain widows for gratuitous insurance Property and Administrative Services Act of H.R. 2544. A blll to authorize the Secretary issued pursuant to section 602(d) of the 1949, a.s amended, to provide for the disposal of the Interior to make certain Federal lands National Service Life Insurance Act of 1940; of surplus real property to States and their available to State and local governments for to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. political subdivisions, agencies, and instru­ park and recreation purposes; to the Com­ By Mr. MEEDS (for himself, Mr. mentalities for economic development pur­ mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. RISENHOOVER, Mr. JOHNSON of Cali­ poses; to the Committee on Government H.R. 2545. A blll to provide for the estab­ fornia, Mr. MELCHER, Mr. BENITEZ, Operations. lishment of a national cemetery in the State Mr. EDWARDS of California, Mr. By 11-fr. QUIE: of Nevada; to the Committee on Veterans' DAVIS, Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of H.R. 2533. A bill to amend the Internal Affairs. California, Mr. FRASER, Mr. RoYBAL, Revenue Code of 1954 to allow the deduction H.R. 2546. A bill to provide for the con­ Mr, BROWN of California, Mr, of certain expenditures for food and lodging struction of a Veterans' Administration hos­ RODINO, Mr. HARRINGTON, Mr. primarily for medical care; to the Committee pital in the Sta.te of Nevada; to the Commit­ WEAVER, Mr. JENRETI'E, Mr. MILLER on Ways and Means. tee on Veterans' Affairs. - of California, Mr. CORNELL, Mr. By Mr. RODINO: By Mr. SYMINGTON: O'HARA, Mr. YouNG of Alaska, Ms. H.R. 2534. A bill to provide for loans for the H.R. 2547. A bill to provide for continuing HOLTZMAN, Mr. ROE, Mr. MCCOR­ establishment and/or construction of munic­ earth resources satellite experimentation; t o MACK, Mr. BOLLING, Mr. OTTINGER, ipal, low-cost, nonprofit clinics for the spay­ the Committee on Science and Technology. and Mr. STOKES): ing and neutering of dogs and cats, and for By Mr. VAN DEERLIN: H.R. 2525. A bill to implement the Fed­ other purposes; to the Committee on Inter­ H.R. 2548. A bill to amend the Securit ies eral responsibility for the care and educa­ state and Foreign Commerce. Exchange Act of 1934, and for other pur­ tion of the Indian people by improving the H.R. 2535. A bill to amend the administra­ poses; to the Committee on Interstate and iServices and facilities of Federal Indian tive procedure provisions of title 5 of the Foreign Commerce. health programs and encouraging maximum United States Code to make the rulemaking By Mr. WEAVER (for himself, Mr. participation of Indians in such programs, provisions applicable to matters relating to WOLFF, Mr. WON PAT, Mr. YATES, Mr. and for other purposes; to the Committee public property, loans, grants, benefits, and YATRON, Mr. DUNCAN of Oregon, Mrs. on Interior and Insular Affairs. contracts; to provide for payment of expenses CmsHOLM, Ms. ScHROEDER, Mr. LoNG By Mr. MEEDS (for himself, Mr. incurred in connection with proceedings be­ Of Louisiana, Mr. RICHMOND, Mr. BADILLO, Mr. PEPPER, Mr. RYAN, Mr. fore agencies; to provide for waiver of KREBs, and Mr. D'AMoURs) : DANIELSON, Ms. CHISHOLM, Mr. F01m sovereign immunity; to provide for the en­ H.R. 2549. A bill to amend the-Food Stamp of Michigan, Mr. WHITE, Mr. MET­ forcement of standards in grant programs; CALFE, Mr. SOLARZ, Mr. DUNCAN of and for other purposes; to the Committee on Act of 1964; to the Committee on Agricul­ Oregon, Mr. SARBANES, Ms. ABZUG, the Judiciary. ture. Mr. YATES, and Mr. ESCH) : H.R. 2536. A bill to prohibit the shipment By Mr. WHALEN: H.R. 2526. A bill to implement the Federal in interstate commerce of dogs and other H.R. 2550. A bill to suspend for a 90-day responsibility for the care and education of animals intended to be used to fight dogs or period the authority of the President under the Indian people by improving the services other animals for purposes of sport, wager­ section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of and facilities of Federal Indian health pro­ ing, or entertainment; to the Committee on 1962 or any other provision of law to in­ grams and encouraging maximum partici­ the Judiciary. crease tariffs, or to take any other import pation of Indians in such programs, and By Mr. ROGERS: adjustment action, with respect to petroleum for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 2537. A bill to make it an unfair or products derived therefrom; to negate any Interior and Insular Affairs. practice for any retailer to increase the price such action which may be taken by the Presi­ By Mr. MOORHEAD of California: of certain consumer commodities once he dent after January 15, 1975, and before the H.R. 2527. A bill to limit U.S. contribu­ marks the price on any such consumer com­ beginning of such 90-day period; and for tions to the United Nations; to the Com­ modity, and to permit the Federal Trade other purposes; to the Committee on Ways mittee on Foreign Affairs. Commission to order any such retailer to and Means. H.R. 2528. A bill to amend the Internal refund any amounts of money obtained by By Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas : Revenue Code of 1954 to permit individuals so increasing the price of such consumer H.R. 2551. A bill to amend the definition an itemized deduction for losses incurred in commodity; to the Committee on Interstate of "rural area" in the Consolidated Farm and the sale or exchange of certain principal and Foreign Commerce. Rural Development Act and title V of the residences; to the Committee on Ways and H.R. 2538. A bill to amend title 38 of the Housing Act of 1949 in order to permit towns Means. United States Code to provide that veterans' of 25,000 or less inhabitants to be considered H.R. 2529. A bill to amend title II of the pension and compensation will not be re­ rural areas for purposes of those acts; to the Social Security Act to permit the payment of duced as a result of certain increases in Committee on Agriculture. benefits to a married couple on their com­ monthly social security benefits; to the Com­ H.R. 2552. A bill to provide for the induc­ bined earnings record where that method mittee on Veterans' Affairs. tion of individuals, during the period begin­ of computation produces a higher combined H.R. 2539. A bill to amend the Internal ning July 1, 1975, and ending June 30, 1977, benefit; to the Committee on Ways and Revenue Code of 1954 to exclude from gross for training and service in the Armed Forces; Means. income the first $500 of interest or dividends to the Committee on Armed Services. H.R. 2530. A bill to amend the Internal on savings deposits or withdrawable accounts By Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas Revenue Code of 1954 to allow an individ­ in savings and loan associations, banks, (for himself, Mr. ECKHARDT, Mr. ual an income tax deduction for the ex­ credit unions, and other thrift institutions• FoLEY, and Mr. UDALL): penses of traveling to and from work by to the Committee on Ways and Means. H.R. 2553. A bill to amend the Mineral means of mass transportation facilities; to H.R. 2540. A bill to amend title II of the Leasing Act of 1920, and for other purposes; the Committee on Ways and Means. Social Security Act to inc1·ea.se the amount to the Committee on Interior and Insular By Mr. NEDZI (for himself, Mr. of outside earnings permitted each year from Affairs. ALEXANDER, Mr. BEVILL, Mr. BREAUX, $2,520 per year to $6,000 per year without By Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts, Mr. deductions from benefits thereunder; to the (for himself, and Mr. ECKHARDT ) : CARNEY, Mr. CARTER, Mr. COCHRAN, Committee on Ways and Means. H.R. 2554. A bill to amend the act establish­ Mr. CONYERS, Mr. CORMA.N, Mr. COR­ H.R. 2541. A bill to extend to all unmarried ing the Big Thicket National Preserve to pro­ NELL, Mr. DINGELL, Mr. FuQUA, Mr. individuals the full tax benefits of income vide for the acquisition of property; to the HAYES of Indiana, Mr. HEINZ, Mr. splitting now enjoyed by married individuals Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. KRuEGER, Mr. MANN, Mr. MEEDs, Mr. filing joint returns; and to remove rate in­ H.R. 2555. A bill to amend title I of the PRICE, Mr. SEmERLING, Mr. TALCOTT, Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries equities for married persons where both are Act of 1972 in order to facilitate the enforce­ Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina, Mr. employed; to the Committee on Ways and ment of the ocean dumping laws by requiring VANDER JAGT, Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON Means. that dye or other effective visual marking be of California, and Mr. WoN PAT) : By Mr. RONCALIO: used to identify where wastes are dumped; H.R. 2531. A bill to provide for the estab­ H.R. 2542. A blll to provide for the equali­ to the committee on Merchant Marine and lishment of an American Folklife Center in zation of the retired pay of members of the Fisheries. the Library of Congress, and for other pur­ uniformed services of equal grade and years By Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Cali­ poses; to the Committee on House Adminis­ of service; to the Committee on Armed fornia: tration. Services. H.R. 2556. A bill to amend title 13, United By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. ST H.R. 2543. A bill to amend the Internal States Code, to assure confidentiality of in­ GERMAIN, Mr. BEARD Of Rhode Island, Revenue Code of 1954 to increase the exemp­ formation furnished in response to question­ Mr. CONTE, Mr. BOLAND, Mr. DRINAN, tion for purposes of the Federal estate tax, naires, inquiries, and other requests of the Mr. EARLY, Mr. TSONGAS, Mr. HAR­ to increase the estate tax marital deduction, Bureau of the Census, to provide for a mid­ RINGTON, Mr. MACDONALD of Massa­ and to provide an alternate method of valu­ decade sample survey of population, and for chusetts, Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. BURKE other purposes: to the Committee on Post of Massachusetts, Mrs. HEcKLER of ing certain real property for estate t;a.x pur­ Massachusetts, and Mr. STUDDS): poses; to t he Committee on Ways and Means. Office and Civil Service. January 31, 191;; EXTE SIONS OF REMARKS 1989 H.R. 2557. A bill to amend title 39, United ices to TUrkey; to the Committee on For­ diction over the U.S.-owned Canal Zone on States Code, to provide for the mailing of eign Affairs. the Isthmus of Panama; to the Committee letter mail to Senators and Representatives By Mr. NEDZI: on Foreign Affairs. in Congress at no cost to the sender, and for H. Res. 125. Resolution to establish a Select other purposes; to the Committee on Post Committee on Intelligence; to the Commit­ Office and Civil Service. tee on Rules. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 2558. A bill to amend title 39, United By Mr. RODINO (for himself and Mr. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private States Code, to revise the organizational EILBERG): bills and resolutions were introduced and structure of the U.S. Postal Service, and for H. Res. 126. Resolution concerning the other purposes; to the Committee on Post safety and freedom of Valentyn Moroz, severally referred as follows: Office and Civil Service. Ukrainian historian; to the Committee on By Mr. MICHEL: H.R. 2559. A bill to amend title 39, United Foreign Affairs. H.R. 2561. A bill to authorize the appoint­ States Code, to apply to the U.S. Postal Serv­ By Mrs. SULLIVAN (for herself, Mr. ment of Alexander P. Butterfield to the re­ ice certain provisions of law providing for FLOOD, Mr. ADDABBO, Mr. BIAGGI, Mr. tired list of the Regular Air Force, and for Federal agency safety programs and respon­ BUTLER, Mr. COLLINS of Texas, Mr. other purposes; to the Committee on Armed sibilities, and for other purposes; to the DAN DANIEL, Mr. DICKINSON, Mr. Services. Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. DOWl'I~G, ll.'rr. FLOWERS, Mrs. HOLT, By Mr. ROGERS (by request) : By :Mr. WON PAT: Mr. !CHORD, Mr. LOTT, Mr. MADIGAN, H.R. 2562. A bill for the relief of Charles P. H.R. 2560. A bill to amend title 38 of the Mr. MAzzoLI. Mr. MOLLOHAN, Bailey; to the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Code in order to provide hos­ Mr. MOORHEAD Of California, Mr. H.R. 2563. A bill for the relief of Shoji Oue pital and medical care to persons who served MoTTL, Mr. McCoLLISTER, Mr. Mc­ Snyder; to the Committee on the Judiciary. in the Local Security Patrol Force of Guam DoNALD Of Georgia, Mr. NICHOLS, Mr. By 1!.11'. CHARLES WILSON of Texas: during World Warn; to the Committee on ROUSSELOT, Mr. RUNNELS, Mr. WHITE, H.R. 2564. A blll for the relief of Franklin R . Veterans• Affairs. and Mr. YATRON) : Helt; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. RONCALIO: H. Res. 127. Resolution in support of con­ H.R. 2565. A bill for the relief of Luisa H.J. Res. 174. Joint resolution to authorize tinued undiluted U.S. sovereignty and juris­ Marillac Hughes, Marco Antonio Hughes, the President to issue annually a proclama­ diction over the U.S.-owned Canal Zone on Maria del Cisne Hughes, Maria Augusta tion designating March of each year as Youth the Isthmus of Panama; to the Committee Hughes, Miguel Vicente Hughes, Veronica del Art Month; to the Committee on Post Of­ on Foreign Affairs. Rocio Hughes, and Ivan Hughes; to the Com­ By Mrs. SULLIVAN (for herself, Mr. fice and Civil Service. mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. RODINO: FLOOD, Mr. BAUMAN, Mr. BENNETT, Mr. BE~, Mr. BOWEN, Mr. BURKE H. Con. Res. 87. Concurrent resolution per­ of Florida, Mr. CARTER, Mr. COCHRAN, taining to the methods used on animals in Mr. D'AMOURS. Mr. DAVIS, Mr. DE LA PETITIONS, ETC. research; to the Committee "On Science and GARZA, Mr. DENT, Mr. FISH, Mr. GINN, Technology. Mr. GOLDWATER, Mr. HINSHAW, Mr. Under clause 1 of ru1e XXII, By Mr. ROYBAL: JONES of North Carolina, Mr. LuJAN, 17. The SPEAKER presented a petition of H. Con. Res. 88. Concurrent resolution ex­ Mr. PETTIS, Mr. RISENHOOVER, Mr. the board of directors, National Society of pressing the disapproval of the Congress, SEBELIUS, Mr. STEIGER Of Arizona, Mr. Professional Engineers, Washington, D.C., pursuant to section 36(b) of the Foreign TREEN, and Mr. W.&GGONNER): relative to truck weight limitations, which Military Sales Act, concerning a U.S. Army of­ H. Res. 128. Resolution in support of con­ was referred to the Committee on Public fer to sell certain defense articles and serv- tinued undiluted U.S. sovereignty and juris- Works and Transportation.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

A DOMINANT CONGRESS? The establishment of new budget proce­ The freshmen House Democrats already dures and other institutional reforms sug­ are having a profound impact. It was their gests the legislators are serious about main­ votes that paved the way for the toppling taining the new balance between the of the committee autocrats and strengthen­ HON. RICHARD BOLLING branches and making Congress work more ing majority rule. It was their pressure OF MISSOURI efficiently and responsibly. which, in part, induced party leaders to draft IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The take-charge attitude has accelerated a broad economic recovery program for im­ with the overthrow of three aging House mediate consideration. Friday, January 31, 1975 committee barons. Now, with the machinery It thus seems certain the 94th will be Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, the fol­ modernized, an emboldened Democratic ma­ another Congress of action. It is less certain, lowing article raises some interesting jority is primed to test the updated model. however, that it will be a Congress of dis­ The Democrats believe the new session pro­ tinction that will fully capitalize on the questions about the direction of the 94th vides a particularly golden opportunity for breakthrough achievements of the historic Congress which I call to the attention of Congress to extend its influence because of 93rd. my colleagues. It was written by Paul declining confidence in President Ford. "We For one thing, there is no assurance that Duke, senior correspondent for the Na­ have a White House weakened by Watergate, the Democrats will be able to unite on a tional Public Affairs Center for Televi­ occupied by a President who is not elected, comprehensive program for the economy and sion and appeared in the Washington who campaigned hard for his party at the other needs. Nor is there any assurance that Post on January 30, 1975: polls and was overwhelmingly repudiated," the institutional machinery will work more A DOMINANT CONGRESS? says House Deputy Democratic Whip John smoothly. The fresh breezes of participatory Brademas. democracy now blowing through the House (By Paul Duke) Such bravado might be dismissed as the have barely touched the Senate where fili­ The 94th Congress has begun its work in customary political posturing were it not for busters could doom some legislative init ia­ a mood of near euphoria. Many senators and the changing make-up of Congress. Almost tives. One of the less noteworthy features representatives seem convinced a new day of one-half of the 435 House members have of the 1973-74 sessions was the filibuster's _glory is dawning for Capitol Hill after years been elected since 1970; 37 of the senators comeback, necessitating more than two of reposing in the shade of executive domina­ are serving their first terms. Not only do the dozen cloture votes (compared with three tion. There is even bold talk of congressional younger, more activist newcomers reject the in 1963-64). government, something the country has not old business-as-usual methods, but they also Even the reforms that have been adopted experienced since the latter decades of the increasingly link their own fortunes to the may not work as intended and may in fact 19th century when residents were weak and efforts at rebuilding the reputation of Con­ create unexpected divisions that will lead to the fe<'eral system's aggressive spirit belonged gress. new paralysis. The insurgency movement in to the leg islati ve branch. Hence, the militancy of the new Demo­ the House may give rank-and-file Democrats Most of this elan is attributable to what cratic congressmen elected in November is more say-so in policy making, but history happened in the 93rd Congress. In rebelling hardly surprising. They won on promises to teaches that large majorities frequently be­ against a gathering tyranny of presidential perform, not to follow tradition and go along come unruly and uncontrollable. Nor is it authority, the legislators finally served notice to get along. "We were elected not neces­ certain that Congress can forego its that they would no longer play doormat to sarily because of our own positive qualities," penchant for pork-barrel politics to make the an ever-expanding executive. By driving says Indiana's Rep. Phillip Sharp, "but be­ new budget regulating procedures work. Richard Nixon from office, they proved they cause of a great disturbance over leadership Despite the upcoming investigations of could rise to their constitutional responsi­ in this country, not only with the executive the CIA and FBI, there is considerable doubt, bilities and in the process make Congress a and the Republican Party, but Congress, too, that the legislators have learned one of co-equal branch again. too." the principal lessons of Watergate-that 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Janua-ry J l, 1975 Congress was largely to blame for the abuses sorely needed by the district during some as possible before handing it on to fut ure of these agencies because of its failure to very critical periods. She is knowledge­ generat ions.' • supervise their activities. able, work-oriented, thorough in her Georgiana Hardy, you h ave indeed per­ The legislators have rarely taken their over­ mitted your candle to burn brightly and you sight responsibUity seriously, with the inces­ presentations, committed to quality edu­ leave to all of us and especially to the young tuous relationships between some watchdog cation for all children, and works from people here today a rich legacy. For these committees and the agencies they are sup­ the base of conviction rather than ex­ and other reasons, we wish today to give posed to watch all to often providing bu­ pediency. tangible eviden ce of our affection and reaucrats with cover-up protection for The following remarks concerning Dr. esteem. wrongdoing. As Connecticut's Senator Lowell Hardy's illustrious record were made by Weicker warns: "If we don't make some cor­ Dr. Josie G. Bain, administrator in rections this year they will never be made charge of Girls' Week, at the salute and LOWER _SPEED SAVES LIVES and we enhance the prospect of another Watergate." tribute luncheon: All of this leads to a more fundamental The Girls' Week committee chose as its the1ne "Freedom to Become," so appropriate HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS question. Is Congress really capable of filling OF PENNSYLVANIA the void and exercising national leadership? for a person of your caliber who utilized Even some of the reformers have doubts fully every possible opportunity in becom­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES because of the conflicting regional interests ing the quality leader of our day. Some of Friday, January 31, 1975 and the tendency to avoid unpopular choices. your att ributes that we feel are well worth Furthermore, the executive branch inherent­ addressing are the following: Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, the Penn­ ly has great power because it is the man­ Courage-Tremendous courage as demon­ sylvania Turnpike, the :"lation's pioneer ager of the fedral establishment and hence strated by your willingness and ability to superhighway, now adds the weight of speak on the unpopular topics that arose at f~ better equipped to make most decisions. its recent experience to the prop<>sition For all of its tidying up, Congress and its Board Meetings. Freedom for Each-You are a great be­ that, in setting a reduced speed limit, we divisions still are doddering along on an have accomplished a purpose even more operating budget of $731 million, two-tenths liever in freedom for all. But, you strongly of one per cent of the overall $307 billion feel that it is a personal theory that carries beneficial than the conservation of gaso­ federal budget. The new budget committees, wit h its responsibility. You've indicated that line. The lower limit has cut the traffic for example, will have only one-half the per­ you felt freedom is an open door, but that death toll. sonnel of the White House Office of Manage­ one must walk through it. Likewise, you have In a new report, the turnpike commis­ ment and Budget. demonstrated that freedom could be likened sion says the first full year of the 55- Apart from these more practical factors, to a ladder, but one must climb it. In other words, you have demonstrated that what we mile-per-hour ceiling resulted in the best the truth is the American people long have safety record- in the road's 34-year his­ regarded their President as chief protector really want we have the freedom to work to and policymaker. This is why most histor­ obtain. tory. Twenty-seven fatal accidents, kill­ ians reject any suggestion that Congress as­ Certainly, the girls here today must know ing 30 persons, occurred in 1974. This sume a dominant role, believing the col.mtry that. "Freedom to Become" in no way im­ compares to 46 lives lost on the turnpike must still be run by the White House and plies freedom to be handed a position, but in 1973. not Capitol Hill. rather freedom to develop all of your talent-s The 1974 rate of 1.1 fatalities for each "A swing of the pendulum toward congres­ in order to qualify for a given position. Listener-You've been a great listener. 100 million miles traveled, the standard sional power might lead to weak Presidents used nationally in measuring safety, was and this would be terribly dangerous," con­ You have never been too busy to hear all tends James MacGregor Burns. "The pres­ sides of any issue. You've listened creatively, the best ever. A turnpike spokesman told sure on government in the next decade or often coming up with new solutions to old Pittsburgh Post-Gazette staffwriter, two is going to be so enormous that only and difficult problems. You've listened with David Leherr: strong, stable executive power can deal with your heart as you have demonstrated on a We are convinced the lowering of speed it. It will be pressure not to distribute good continuous basis your willingness to walk in limits from 65 to 55 miles an hour as a re­ things but to make us sacrifice. It's very the shoes of others (troubled children and sult of the energy crisis, was a major factor hard if you're a congressman to go to your troubled parents). You have listened with in reducing the number of fatalities. people and make such demands. It's really empathy; you have listened for growth, for only the President who, as the moral leader, you have believed that young people, old This is good news for it shows that. can ask for the kind of sacrifice from Amer­ people, or just people can grow if given the after many years of hand wringing over icans that Churchill asked from English­ proper climate and the freedom to do so. a rising highway death toll, we have men." And, certainly, you have listened with depth, found an effective corrective in the sim­ For all the Capitol Hill dreams of a renais­ for you have never been lulled into making ple process of dropping the speed limit sance, it seems unlikely the pendulum will a decision on the immediacy, but you have swing far enough to put the legislators in always sought to discover whether such a to a safer range. It also proves the need the driver's seat. recommendation would have merit in the for keeping the lower limit, no matter The more basic issue is whether the leg­ tomorrows. what might become the energy situation islators now have the will to preserve the Preparation-You have prepared yourself in the future, and seeing that it is en­ balance which they have so dutifully re­ and remained a student. Perhaps, no Board forced. stored. Or, whether they wil lapse back into Member in the past 20 years has proven to TV station KDKA in Pittsburgh has their old buck-passing ways, making it pos­ be more knowledgeable of programs and been making the point editorially in re­ sible for the winds of tyranny to return an­ procedures and the general operation of our cent days that the 55-mile limit, regard­ other day. District than ha-s Dr. Georgiana Hardy. You have always done your homework well and less of its proved worth, is being increas­ have therefore been able to base your deci­ ingly violated and that it is impossible sions on facts rather than on emotions. for police to keep abreast of the growing LOS ANGELES UNIFIED SCHOOL And so, tempered by the loss of a wonder­ infractions. Any law-abiding motorist DISTRICT HONORS DR. GEORGI­ ful husband at a time when there was so can attest to this from his own experi­ ANA HARDY much to live for, but blessed by the joy of ence of having speeders road past him. being a mother with wonderful children of your own, you have learned from them some­ But the fact remains that millions are Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke thing of the needs of other youngsters. In­ still driving at this rate and under where OF CALIFORNIA deed, you have maintained a spiritual and very few, if any, did before, and that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES moral poise that has been most exemplary. slower speed not only has saved gasoline, Your coSIIllopolitan approach, that of mak­ as was the purpose, but reduced the Friday, January 31, 1975 ing constant contact with people of all racial slaughter. Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. and ethnic backgrounds, along with the I am confident that the results, such other attributes I have mentioned do indeed Speaker, at a recent Girls' Week lunch­ permit you to leave with us a How To format as reported for the Pennsylvania Turn­ eon that hosted better than 1,000 which will stay our present Board Members pike, will, in time, convince most Amer­ girls, administrators, board members, well in the years to come and be an inspira­ icans of the advisability of the 55-mile and community representatives in the tion to all of us. limit and the humane, as well as gaso­ Los Angeles Unified School District, Dr. Certainly, Dr. Hardy, you saw your life as line saving, need for obeying it. What Georgiana Hardy was honored. Dr. George Bernard Shaw said: "Life is not a greater accomplishment could we hope Hardy has served the unified school dis­ brief candle to me. It is a sort of splendid for than a lessening of the carnage which trict as a board member for 20 years. torch which I have got hold of for a mo­ had been increasing without letup year She has provided the kind of leadership ment, and I want to make it burn as brightly after year all across our road system? January 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1991 TVA GOES PUBLIC-BOARD OPENS Indeed, in a period like the present, when bers. But Caldwell, the union leader, was MEETINGS TVA faces the prqspect of raising :.ts rates strong for building the breeder reactor, for at least another 50 per cent the new means conventional nuclear power, and believed for communicating with the public is not to that TVA still holds vitality as keeper of a HON. JOE L. EVINS be sneezed at. national power rate yardstick. OF TENNESSEE Mrs. Mary Higginbotham, ClevelaLd, Tenn., Why not open TVA board meetings years head for the first eonsumers group organized earlier? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the valley to fight rate increases, con­ Wagner offered an answer: Friday, January 31, 1975 gratulated the board on the wisdom it "Nobody tried to make much of an issue showed in opening up. about this thing until about a year ago." Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, "We'll know longer ahead, when the next With approval of the open meeting gen­ the Board of Directors of the Tennessee hard lick is going to hit us," she said. "Then eral, who, if anybody, might have gotten Valley Authority opened its meetings to maybe we can get enough people to join in the short end of the stick. Obviously, one the public and the press last week­ and protest or do something to persuade the must search deeper than this writer had and there was general agreement that board to postpone the rate rise or, at least, the time to. the new policy of openness was a success. to reduce it." One more piece of light may be shed by The Tennessean of Nashville in an ar­ The public nature of the board meeting the recollection of Jennings Perry, a former ticle last Sunday by its distinguished had produced the seemingly solid speculation editorial writer and reporter for this news­ senior reporter, Nat Caldwell, quoted from McBride that, if coal prices do not drop paper, who covered TVA board meetings in substantially in the near future, another the early days. Perry said: members of the board and citizens as round of rate increases amounting to at least "I do not recall that all of the meetings indicating that the interchange of com­ 50 per cent looms ahead. A speculation like were open to the public. But I do recall that ment with citizens was helpful, produc­ this one certainly would never have en:erged many were, because the row between Dr. tive, and created new and better under­ from the minutes of a board meeting under A. E. Morgan, the first chairman, and Dave standing. the old policy. Lilienthal caused each to seek a full public This new policy by TVA is to be con­ Now members of the Tennessee Valley con­ light on the conduct of the other. tinued in the public interest. gressional delegation can't say when t h e "For that reason the custom of closed Because of the interest of my col­ next rate increase hits, "The board should meetings came later, probably in 1938, after nave told us." President Roosevelt fired Dr. Morgan." leagues and the American people in this Clyde Caldwell of the Oak Ridge Boiler most important matter, I place the ar­ Makers union, who, like several others, used ticle from the Tennessean in the RECORD the after lunch question and answer period herewith: to make a speech very strongly supporti\ e ALL THE NEWS THAT IS FIT TO THE TVA GOES PUBLIC of TVA and its nuclear power expansion pol­ TINT-NO.4 (By Nat Caldwell) icy, said: The TVA governing board, after what "I couldn't have had the chance to speak some have said was 40 years in the wilder­ up for TVA and have anybody hear me, un· HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK ness of closed meetings, opened up to the less the press had been sitting there ..." OF OHIO Caldwell was one of a 100 union labor rep­ public on a recent Thursday. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And a. sampling of those in attendance resentatives in attendance at TVA's first open at the historic three and a half hour session, hoard meeting, composing of a far larger con­ Friday, January 31, 1975 split by time out for lunch, appeared to be tingent of the initial audience of about 250 pleased with the results. That sampling in­ than did the duke's mixture of environmen­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the cluded all three members_ of the Tennessee talists who did most of the talking in the New York Times whose motto should be Valley Authority board, only one of whom question and answer period. "All the news that is fit to tint" has done had been willing to support the public meet­ What brought the union leaders out was it again. In the issue of Sunday, Janu­ ing idea as long as a. month ago. the possibility that the board might have ary 19, 1975 a headline reads "Soviet Reasons given for their approving reac­ chosen to go along with President Ford's Patience Ends, and the Trade Pact Dies." tions to the change varied only slightly from guideline of 5.5 per cent maximum raises But the award for news distortion in this those of other bureaucrats who have for federal employees. The board didn't. In­ instance should not go to the New York switched to the open meeting policy in recent stead, it asked for special White House per­ Times alone. The Washington Post in an months. mission to raise TVA's 15,000 hourly wage TVA Board Chairman Aubrey J . Wagner workers by 9.3 per cent. It also ruled with analysis by Marilyn Berger of the Soviet said that he thought "the open meeting was TVA's personnel experts that only a 12.5 breaking of the trade pact brought forth useful and well worth doing." per cent wage increase would have been in­ images of the U.S. Congress-through "I was pleased with the attendance and flationary considering comparable wage the recently passed trade bill-irritating with the wide variety of interests and view­ scales in the region. No White House go­ the Soviet Union. points represented. And I hope the people ahead has been forthcoming. There seems to be many Americans who attended have gained a helpful view of The rise in coal prices on new contracts whose reaction to the Soviet rejection TVA's objectives and how it operates." approved at the open meeting, not wage in­ of the 1972 trade pact was to say that it Board Member Don McBride was more ex­ creases, not interest rate increases, was the was the United States fault. That the plicit: "Best part of it was not the board subject matter that led to McBride's gloomy meeting per se, but the questions and an­ speculation. In a very few years, if the trend United States was the irritant, that the swers and even the statements and speeches continued, he suggested, the average price United States was not compromising made in lieu of questions. It seems like the of all TVA's coal would ascend to the level enough with the Soviet Union. best way to find out what people really think, of $25 per ton TVA had agreed to pay that First, we should remember the nature lots better than letters . . ." day. This contrasted with an average price of the Soviet regime-the Soviet regime And Board Member W111iam Jenkins, the of $11 per ton of coal that prevailed for the that Solzhenitsyn and many other brave Republican freshman member, who, more month of December, 1974. men have discussed. The Soviet Union is than six months ago, spoke out for public Operation of 50 per cent increase in cost of the regime of concentration camps with sessions, said : living cancellation clauses in most of TVA 's "I was very favorably impressed with this men and women slowly being worked and long term coal contracts would, McBride had starved to death in the frigid regions of open board meeting. It gave us an opportu­ added, speed arrival of the day of average nity to hear some viewpoints we had not $25 per ton prices. He pointed out that Siberia. The Soviet Union is the regime heard first hand before and to correct mis­ of repression of Christians, Jews, and conceptions about some of the work of this several large volume contracts would either have to be lost or renegotiated this year. And, Moslems. agency. I was the first to argue ~or open The Soviet Union is the regime of meetings because I thought they would do this, he concluded, would mean rate in­ TVA some good." creases would have to offset $560 mlllion in hatred, of person against person, of class And, since actions usually speak louder new annual coal costs in the not very dis­ against class, of nation against nation. than words, the board obviously does approve tant future. The Soviet Union is the regime of the of its initial experience with open sessions Outside of its own paid staff, which ap­ suppression of Hungary, Czechoslovakia as both sounding board and listening post. peared dependably supportive, the board the Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania: The word is that, in continuing discussions members found that even the large crowd and numerous other nations and peoples. ever since the first open meeting, they have of 250 present did not produce a single voice Second, the "irritants" that have been decided to continue the practice and to ~rging it to buy Peabody Coal Company or provided by the United States include a hold regular meetings every three weeks in­ embrace any one of several other courses of stea d of once a month. wheat deal at concessionary rates that action defended by individual board mem- increased the cost of bread in this coun- 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1975 try and Export-Import Bank credits Be it resolved by the Board of County The 1974 figures are for the third quarter, COmmissioners of Monroe County, Florida, the latest. that were below the prevailing market that said Board by this resolution expresses rate. The Soviet Union has been able to its thanks and the thanks of all the citizens SHARES OF NATIONAL INCOME buy high technology items from the of Monroe County, Florida, to the Honorable [In percent) United States-items that have military Dante Fascell, Representative of the 15th Congressional District, to the Honorable uses. Employee Corporation The Soviet Union knows what it wants Lawton Chiles, U.S. Senator, and the Prest· Year rompensation profits in trade with the United States-ad­ dent of the United States, Gerald R. Ford, vanced technology and credits. The and requests them to enter this resolution into the Congressional Record. 64. 1 15.6 United States seems to have little definite Be it further resolved by said Board that 67.0 13.8 idea of what it seeks. 68. 6 12.5 certlfied copies of this resolution be for­ 69.3 13.1 When Members of Congress attempt warded to the above named omclals. 70.1 11.1 to fulfill their rightful role as representa­ Dated January 14, 1975. li~ ~: l i~i ;;;=:~~: jj~ ; ; ~ ~;; 71.0 12.0 tives of the Amelican people in helping 70.7 12.2 1964_------70.6 12.8 to determine broad foreign policy ques­ 70.2 13. 3 tions, members of the executive branch 72. 4 11.8 ~~~~======75.4 8. 6 are quick to label it "interference." The A REALISTIC LOOK AT PROFITS 74. 8 9. 7 Congress does have a role in the determi­ 1974_---l~~~ == = = =- =- =------======- =- -= =- =- =----- = = = = 75. 1 9. 2 nation of foreign and trade policy. Day­ to-day administration by its very nature HON. BILL ARCHER Note the abrupt shift beginning with 1970. must be left to the executive branch, but OF TEXAS Employe compensation jumped above 75 % there is a difference between the setting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for the first time. And profits fell below of policy and day-to-day administration. 10% for the first time. Tha.t difference should not be confused. Friday, January 31, 1975 Well, some may say, what's bad about Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, a view this? Maybe the employes should get it all. of ow· present economic system should After all, profits are just dividends for the make us aware of the important role wealthy, aren't they? Aren't profits and div­ EMERGENCY FUNDS NEEDED FOR profits play in the Untied States to­ idends the same thing? The two are fuzzily FLORIDA IDGHWAY equated in many minds. But the answer is, day. It is important that we take of course, that they are not the same--not a realistic look at the profit pic­ by a country mile. HON. DANTE B. FASCELL ture. An excellent article appeared in the The first bite that comes out of profits is January 20, 1975, edition of the Wall the tax bite. And a massive bite it is. The OF FLORIDA Street Journal reviewing current trends table below traces over a decade the yearly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in business and finance. Two very inter­ tax liability (billions of dollars) of all c.orpo­ Friday, January 31, 1975 rations, and also their dividend payments, esting conclusions should be noted. First, as recorded by the Department of Com­ Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, during the corporate profits as a share of the na­ merce. The 1974 figures are annual rates in last Congress we enacted the Federal Aid tional income have fallen steeply dw·ing the third nuarter. the latest. Highway Act of 1974, which included a the 1970's. Second, corporations pay al­ provision autholizing the expenditw·e of most twice as much of their profit to tax CORPORATE TAXES AND DIVIDENDS $109.2 million as an emergency measure collectors as to stockholders. The lesson to repair and replace the bridges of the should be clear for all of us. If we dis­ Year Taxes Dividends Overseas Highway in Monroe County, courage business from making a profit Fla. through a lack of incentives or excessive $31.3 $19. 8 These funds, which will be matched by taxation, the penalty will fall on our en­ 34.3 20.8 tire population especially the wage 33.2 21.4 the State of Florida, are literally a life­ i~!~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~= ~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ 39.9 23.6 saving shot in the arm to the safety and earner whose salary and benefits comes 1969_------40.1 24.3 from those profits. I would like to enter 1970_------34.8 24.7 economic health of the citizens of Mon­ 1971.------37.5 25.0 roe County. this article in the RECORD: 41.5 27. 3 REVIEW OF CURRENT TRENDS IN BUSINESS AND 49.8 29.6 The Monroe County Board of Commis­ ~~~~======62.7 33.2 sioners has passed a resolution express­ FINANCE 1974_------ing its thanks to Senator LAWTON CHILES, Business profits, it has been said, have President Ford, and me for our roles in been mighty high recently for a country in Over the years above, dividend payments a recession. Some have called them "obscene." have risen 67%· But corporate taxes have securing passage of this legislation and Some have used more lusty adjectives. So, has requested that the resolution be jumped 100%. The bottom line above shows while the current recession debate rages corporations now paying almost twice as brought to the attention of our col­ (How long? How deep?), it may be well to much of their profit to tax collectors as to leagues in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. look at the profit picture in historical per­ stockholders. Dividends account for only I am pleased to comply with this re­ spective. And to note a trend that has gone about 3% of total personal income in the quest and to extend the thanks expressed almost unnoticed. After holding fairly steady United States. in the resolution to our colleagues who for two decades, corporate profits as a share But even taxes and dividends don't tell the supported this legislation and made lts of national income have fallen steeply in the whole story of what has to come out of prof­ 1970s. its. To keep up with growing population and passage possible. The resolution follows: It is no small matter. It harbors a threat RESOLUTION No. 8-1975 try to keep emcient, employers have to build to your pocketbook and mine. The vast ma­ new factories an.d buy new machines. The Whereas, the Congress of the United States jority of us get our paychecks, our fringe cost of such things has soared mightily. And in its last session included in the Federal benefits, our vacations, much of our insur­ where does the money come from? Primarily, Highway Bill $109 mill1on dollars for the ance, both life and medical, and a lot of pen­ it has to come from profits retained in the replacement of bridges on the Overseas High­ sion money from business employers-all of company to meet these bills. These neces­ way (U.S. Highway No.1) in Monroe County, whom must live or die on profits. Americans sarily retained profits that stockholders never Florida, and who work on ther own today are only a see is now almost double dividend payments. Whereas, the present condition of said minute minority. Some 95 % of us are on And then there are the wages and sal­ bridges has caused an economic hardship on payrolls. aries-which have to be paid before profits the trucking industry in said County due to By far the biggest chunk of national in­ are even counted up. It is taken for granted weight limitations having to be placed upon cOlne is compensation of employees. Corpo­ these days that wages and salaries must be said bridges and the replacement of said trate profit is a very small one. But the im­ raised every year. This would seem to be bridges will greatly aid the economy of said portant thing is that, in the recent past, it based upon the assumption that employer County, and has grown sharply smaller. Here, over a quar­ welfare also goes up every year. But this isn't Whereas, the Board of County Commis­ ter of a. century, are the official percentage so. Corporate profits go down as well as up sioners of Monroe County, Florida, desires to shares of national income received as (1) thank the Congressional delegation repre­ compensation of employees and (2) corporate and many periods see them fall steeply. senting Monroe County, Florida, and the profits (with inventory valuation adjust­ Here are examples. Commerce Depart­ President of the United States for signing ment). Since there are other sources of in­ ment figures are annual rates of after-tax &aid bill, now, therefore, come, the two figures do not add up to 100 %. corporate profits in billions of dollars. January 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1993 CORPORATE PROFIT TUMBLES And working by his side and support­ last September. These recipients-and the ing his efforts through these years has economy of our State-will lose a total of Quarterly Quarterly Down been his lovely wife, Gladys. $31,285,508 if no one is forced out of the Period hi lo (percent) program because of the proposed regulations. AI Atchison's roots in San Pedro go The same figure reveals that the loss will back to the early 1900's, and he has many amount to $43,487,028 if 10 percent of food 1948 to 1949 ______$23.4 $17.7 24 1951 to 1953 ______25.2 16.6 stories to tell about the development of stamp recipients are forced to forego bene­ 1956 to 1958 ______27.7 19.8 ~: this colorful harbor community. But, not fits because of the impact of the regulations. 1959 to 196L ------30.8 24.4 The President's proposal would result in 1966 to 1970 ______50. 7 36.7 2821 only has AI watched San Pedro grow, he has also been in the forefront of every an immediate nationwide loss of $325 mil­ ------effort to make San Pedro a truly great lion in food stamp benefits. If 10 percent of After reaching an annual rate just above community. recipients are forced to forego benefits, the $50 billion in the third quarter of 1966, after- loss could mount to more than $950 million tax corporate profits did not get back above by next year. the $50 billion level until the first quarter of The Nation and its poor cannot in this 1972-almost six years later. The average OPPOSITION TO FOOD STAMP day of inflation and economic stagnation af­ weekly wage of nonfarm workers in private PRICE INCREASES ford such losses. This is an ill-advised at­ industry rose 38% between 1966 and ~972. tempt to shift the burden of fighting infla­ Somewhere along the line, people may tion upon those who simply cannot afford to start to realize that soaking "big business" carry a heavier load. The net result will be is really just soaking the sources of their HON. JOSHUA EILBERG still worse inflation for the poor, more prob­ own paychecks and reasonably priced prod­ OF PENNSYLVANIA lema for the Nation's already hard-pressed ucts. They may see that at some point, if IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES farm families, and worse recession for some workers get super-high pay, many oth­ America. ers may have no jobs at all. And they may Friday, January 31, 1975 As Governor, I urge you to do everything perceive that if business costs (taxes, Mr. EILBERG. Speaker, unless possible to make certain that Congress by wages) get shoved too high, the prices of Mr. law prevents the proposed new food stamp things producers make may automatically Congress acts immediately the new reg­ regulations from taking effect. get pushed beyond the ability of people to ulations requiring recipients to pay out Sincerely, pay them. 30 percent of their income for food Mn.TON J. SHAPP, The golden-egg goose, if choked too stamps will go into effect on March 1, Governor. much, may some day stop laying those 1975. Nationwide, these proposed in­ eggs. creases will weigh heavily on the elderly, poor, and fixed-income beneficiaries at a OTA'S FIRST YEAR-A GOOD time of inflation and recession when such START TRIDUTE TO AL ATCHISON additional cost can little be afforded. I am confident each Member of this House is aware of the additional burden HON. CHARLES A. MOSHER HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON this increase will place upon their less OF OHIO OF CALIFORNIA fortunate constituents. At this time I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would like to insert in the RECORD por­ Friday, January 31, 1975 Friday, January 31, 1975 tions of a letter sent to me by the Honor­ Mr. MOSHER. Mr. Speaker, it is very able Milton J. Shapp, Governor of the Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. important that Members of Congress Commonwealth of Pennsylvania: have a much better awareness and un­ Speaker, it is with great pride that I take New regulations requiring recipients to this opportunity to pay tribute to one of pay out 30 percent of their income for food derstanding of the Office of Technology my most civic-minded and active con­ stamps will go into effect on March 1, unless Assessment--eTA. stitutents, AI Atchison. On February 13, the Congress acts to block this action of the This unique, new arm of the Congress he will be honored by the San Pedro Ford Administration. was created strictly at ow· own congres­ Lions Club as the 1975 community Man The proposed change comes at the worst sional initiative, is responsible directly of the Year. time. and solely to the Congress, and is de­ Continuing inflation has already driven the Known fondly as Mr. San Pedro--a signed specifically to provide very much price of an adequate diet beyond the reach of needed services to standing committees title bestowed on him in 1971 by the Los those in greatest need. With the deepen­ Angeles County Board of Supervisors-­ ing recession millions of Americans, through of both the House and Senate. A! was chosen by the Lions for the out­ no fault of their own, are being deprived of All too few are the Members of either standing service he has given to the com­ their livelihoods and must look to programs House who, as yet, recognize the poten­ munity, and his genuine concern and such as food stamps to assure three meals tial value of OTA's services. commitment to making San Pedro a bet­ daily for their families. Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I especially The U.S. Department of Agriculture has ter place in which to live and work. appreciate your permission to insert in reported that the average family participat~ AI Atchison was nominated for the the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD my personal ing in its food stamp program pays 23 per­ report you on OTA's record of prog­ award by the San Pedro-Wilmington cent of its net income for the stamps. The to ress during its first year of effort. Board of Realtors, an organization he Administration has called for an increase has been actively involved in since join­ of one-third in costs to these families for I believe it very important that I call the ·11rgent attention of all Members ing his family's real estate business a the same number of stamps. This would to quarter of a century ago. Although he has place an intolerable increase in living costs of t'he House this opportunity to know upon those who can least afford it. more of OTA's progress, the good start reached an age at which most persons Nationwide, more than 95 percent of those we have made, but also know some of are content to sit back, relax, and enjoy to in the program would be required to pay the difficulties we will continue to meet retirement, AI still spends long hours more for food stamps. USDA has calculated we persist in this effort to provide the every day at his real estate office. the average increase at $14 monthly or $168 as annually. Congress with more adequate and accu­ Interspersed throughout his busy day rate information. are activities connected with the numer­ Figures compiled by the Community Nu­ trition Institute show that the poorest would My report to you, Mr. Speaker, is as ous civic, social, professional, and phil­ be the hardest hit. Individuals with a net follows: anthropic organizations to which he be­ income of from $154 to $194 monthly now CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, longs, including: the San Pedro Rotary are eligible for food stamp aid of from $10 OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY AsSESSMENT, Club, the San Pedro Board of Realtors, to $13 monthly. These individuals would be Washington, D.C., January 27, 1975. Point Fermin Masonic Lodge No. 558, entirely eliminated from the program, since Hon. CARL ALBERT, San Pedro High School Boosters Club, AI their cash outlay for stamps would be greater The Speaker of the House of Representatives, Malaikah Shrine Temple, American Le­ than the value of stamps received. Washington, D.C. gion Post No. 65, San Pedro Chamber of Elderly couples, especially SSI recipients, DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Having served as Vice would be harshly affected. A couple with $239 Chairman of the new Technology Assessment Commerce and Community Development, net income would have its food stamp bene­ BPOE Lodge No. 966, Businessmen and Board for the 93rd Congress, I think it ap- fits cut from $22 to $12.30 monthly. propriate to offer several personal observa­ Police Boosters Club, and the Los An­ USDA figures show that we in Pennsyl­ tions which I believe should be reported to geles Harbor Shrine Club. vania had 744,869 food stamp recipients as of you and to the House, concerning our expe- 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 19t5 rience with OTA thus far. It is my intent, posals and opportunities before we decide, (2) Space-While many people felt it de­ with your permission, to send copies of this not only the probable immediate conse­ sirable for OTA to have, or at least predicted letter to the Committee Chairmen and Rank­ quences, but perhaps more importantly, the it would have a staff of 90 or more by this ing Minority Members of both Houses, Mem­ broader secondary and tertiary consequences. time, the actual staff today is about half bers of tp.e Technology Assessment Board, Thus we may better define and understand that size. Undoubtedly, it still should grow, and its Advisory Council and others whom I our options and the alternatives. but I insist slowly and very selectively, only believe will find this useful or of particular It was to meet such basic needs that OTA on the basis of fully justified need. interest. finally was created by statute in October, OTA is for the moment effectively locked in It has been a unique privilege for a Minor­ 1972, after gaining through a gestation period because of space limitations. When addi­ ity member to serve as Vice Chainnan of the of more than six years. But it was Novem­ tional staff help is needed in the months new Board, the policymaking body which ber, 1973, before this new Office was funded ahead, we must recognize the importance, oversees the activities of the Office of Tech­ and former Congressman Emilio Q. Daddario especially for this sort of organization, to nology Assessment, created by the Congress became its Director. It had little really usable avoid having the working staff physically in 1972. Office had received 43 requests for assess­ scattered. Yet there simply seems nowhere Under the law, the Chairmanship of the cant staffing until April of that year. Hence, to go at the present time! This Is a handicap Board alternates between the House and Sen­ only eight busy months have passed since and CO"llld become a serious one. ate. During the last Congress the Chairman the Office became operational. OTA is presently located in a few rooms of the Board was Senator Edward Kennedy RECORD TO DATE on the top floor of the old Immigration of Massachusetts, and at this point I think By the time the Board held its final meet­ Building on D Street, a somewhat discour­ ',t is timely to point out that the Board ing of the 93rd Congress, in December, the aging, inefficient, inconvenient working en­ )perated in a thoroughly bipartisan man­ office space until March, 1974, and no signifi­ vironment. In my view it is very important ner, and very effectively. I congratulated Sen­ ments of varying kinds; six had been funded that we succeed now in reserving for OTA ator Kennedy for the skUl with which he or had received beginning funding; funds appropriate space in the new Madison Build­ got the Board off to a good start, and for had been earmarked for an additional six; ing now going up near the Library. his complete cooperation with the Minority and still another half dozen were in the (3) Staff Role-The role and technique of members on the Board. organizational stage; one had been com­ the OTA's staff, I suggest, need further defi­ It is my expectation and hope that in this pleted. nition and study. As planned from the be­ 94th Congress, with the Chairmanship of the Merely to suggest their great diversity, ginning, our assessments are done mainly Board shifting to the House for the first note that our first assessments bring at­ out-of-house; and while the present system time, the Board Chairman will be our good tempted address a wide range of subjects, of bringing in specialists to serve as prin­ friend and respected colleague from Texas, from drug bioequivalence to problems of cipal investigators for the duration of any "Tiger" Teague. This past year we estab­ coastal oil drilling, to solar energy, auto particular assessment seems to be working lished a precedent that the OTA Board Chair­ emissions, food production systems, auto­ well, there is nonetheless continuing need man shall be of the Majority party, and the mated mass transportation problems . . . for high quality assistance from the OTA Vice Chairman shall be of the Minority. It and what next? staff. This means that internal staff functions is expected the Senate members will name From the time of its first meeting in April are demanding; flexibility, versatility, man­ Senator Case of New Jers~y Vice Chairman of 1973, to the present the OTA Board itself agerial skills, and a variety of professional for this Congress. has "shaken down" considerably. It is, experience are required; and also an under­ The Office of Technology Assessment is nevertheless, still in the process of deter­ standing of legislative politics, procedures still in its infancy and it must, necessarily, mining its internal procedures and its and policies is very desirable. crawl before it walks or runs. For all prac­ methodology for setting priorities. PROBLEMS THAT NEED ATTENTION tical purposes, it has been in business really In my opinion, the Board has done re­ (1) Appropriate relationships must be for only about eight months. markably well in maintaining its politically achieved for etl'ective liaison and assistance What is OTA's record? What are its bipartisan approach without serious con­ with both the Congressional Research Service strengths and constructive progress, what flicts. I suppose no better example of this and the General Accounting Office. A good weaknesses or mistakes ... what opportuni­ exists than the fact mentioned above, that start appears to have been made here in the ties or obstacles can we anticipate immedi­ it now appears the Board will follow in the time thus far available, but it is clear that ately ahead, or in the longer term? 94th Congress the precedent we established maximum utllity of these agencies as they Viewed in the perspective of the confu­ this year of having its Chairman from the interrelate with OTA has yet to be realized. sions and difficult growing pains character­ Majority party and its Vice Chairman from (2) Another very important working re­ istic of every new government unit, I be­ the Minority party. lationship is that between OTA and the Na­ lieve OTA's record to date deserves high Similarly, the Technology Assessment Ad­ tional Science Foundation, especially as to marks. I believe it has earned confident, con­ visory Council, after some understandable the utilization of the latter in the techniques tinuing support by the Congress, with full early uncertainty as to its mission, now has and methodologies of technology assessment. reason to expect from it increasingly useful, begun to carve out a useful and much The organic act creating OTA provided spe­ constructive results of great practical value. needed supportive role in cooperation with cifically for this sort of reciprocity with Those of us who are close to it are confident the Board. NSF. It may be that before long OTA will that the OTA is a productive investm~nt that In addition, each of OTA's assessment wish to create a permanent division devoted will pay excellent dividends. programs includes a special Consulting Ad­ exclusively to promotion of assessment tech­ But we also invite objective evaluation, visory Committee of expert private citizens niques which are as yet uncertain, unproved. and especially constructive criticism, from in the field to be covered. We are grateful (3) We must also be aware that OTA has a all interested observers. to those who have provided such assistance statutory responsibility under P.L. 93-344 What really is the Office of Technology As­ to OTA so far. They have worked hand-in­ to assist the new Congressional Budget Office sessment? Exactly what kinds of dividends hand with the OTA staff and have made in­ in review and analysis of the Federal R&D are expected from it? valuable contributions. budget. It is a new arm of the Congress, created by LIMITATIONS And OTA must work closely with Execu­ the Congress, responsible only to it; it is tive agencies to assemble relative and avail­ unique, unprecedented, though somewhat (1) Budgets--OTA's beginning budgets are relatively small; $2 million for fiscal year able facts. It is my impression at this point analagous to the General Accounting Office that this liaison has been very construc­ and the Library of Congress in that they '74; $4.6 million for fiscal '75; $6.5 million is tive thus far. being requested for '76. This limitation, of also are of, by and for the Congress, even ( 4) I think it imperative that the relation­ though not a part of Congress per se • . . course, works both ways and as yet it should ships between the Technology Assessment they all perform an intimate service for the not be considered a handicap. It does keep OTA from moving too fast, from being easily Board and the Advisory Council be mutually Legislative Branch. helpful and effective, including a. better un­ The principal purpose of OTA is to re­ "pressured;" it forces us to be carefully derstanding between them regarding proce­ spond to the increasingly urgent needs of selective. On the other hand, and in order dures, assignments and authority. Again, a the Senate and House Committees for ade­ to provide some perspective to our budget, good deal has been accomplished but much quate, accm·ate, evaluated information; it is let me point out that before OTA came into remains to be done. This is particularly im­ being, the government spent $20 million or expected to provide expert and objective data portant in view of the rotation of terms o! and useful information concerning problems, so on a largely incomplete and meaning­ less assessment of the SST before abandon­ Advisory Council members, and inevitable questions and opportunities in areas of sci­ changes in the Board, which require aware­ ence and technology. Today, in almost every ing it. Also the Project Independence energy assessment cost over $10 million for a six ness and effort to maintain continuity in policy decision required of the Congress there healthy relations between the two groups. are baffiing technological questions. Many month period, more than 20 times the J\,lembers of both Houses have long felt an amount OTA has available for energy as­ ( 5) I suggest that we House Members on urgent need for a much more adequate source sessments on a half year basis. Similarly, the OTA Board have not, as yet, participated of expert and independent Information, in­ the assessment for an Ala,r;ka Pipeline ran as fully and effectively in the Board's de­ dependent of the Executive Branch and re­ somewhere between $10 to $16 mttlton, de­ cisions as we should. In the OTA's first1year sponsive only to the Congress. We definitely 'pending on whose figures are used. These the Senate definitely was the dominate part­ need a more accurate, confident understand­ figures are useful in sugg«>st!pg to Members ner. ing of the consequences of technological pro- the real tnodest y of the OT A program. I am not suggesting that OTA Board mem- Januar-y 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1995

bers should ever think of themselves pr1- only 1f he has sulficient :authority and dis­ Whereas with a special sense of humble marily as -spokesm-en for the House or Senate cretum. OTA's Director must .not be sub­ gratitude, :reverence. and honor. then there­ respectively. Quite the 'Opposltel 1: believe jected to multiple lines of directiGn; he must fore every member ot the "Board. should. Seattle Times' article, entitled the final system plan un June 26, 1975. February 26. A copy of the U.S.R.A. press "Nurse Practitioners: Doctorless Regions Penn central is vital to the economy of statement, which is wholly unsatisfactory to To Get Help," appear in the REcoRD at the Northeast ADd to the nation. Suspension us, is attached. this point: of operation, particularly at this time, would Accordingly, I urge that funds be provided, be catastrophic and in all probability would NURSE PRACTITIONERS: DOCTORLESS REGIONS but only such funds as to continue essential To GET HELP plunge the nation deeper into economic re­ operations at this time during the planning cession while cutting off vital supplies of process. Any funds for maintenance or ac­ Seventeen new nurse practitioners are heading for the hfils--and also the beaches, fuel, food and manufactured goods to the quisition should clearly make certain that nation's most densely populated area. payment is not made twice for the s ame plains and downtown clinics. Nevertheless, the Congress and the Ameri­ facilities. The hand-picked registered nurses have can public should not be pressured into ap­ just completed a 14-week course funded proving such huge sums as Penn Central ERIE-LACKAWANNA by Washington;Alaska Regional Medical now seeks without careful scrutiny. The $250 The trustees of the Erie Lackawanna Rail­ .Program to prepare them to take on addi­ million sought by the Administration is pre­ way Company (E-L) request that they be tional responsibilities in communities lack­ sented as needed to keep the Penn Central given federal financial assistance in the lng adequate physician coverage. and other Northeast railroads in operation amount of approximately $10 million to A particularly warm welcome awaits Wil­ through the current calendar year. During guarantee operations through the first half liam L . Johnson who will go to Pe Ell, Lewis this period, the needs of the railroads may of 1975, and that this assistance be given in County, to staff a long-empty clinic which change. More money may be requested. the form of permitting E-L's reorganiza­ the residents of Pe Ell built in 1959 to serve Meanwhile, U.S.R.A. must meet its Febru­ tion court to reverse its previous determina­ the 800 people of their town and nearby ary 26 and June 26 deadlines. It is still too tion t o reorganize outside of the Act. Frances. A physician came and stayed brief­ ly. For a while doctors from Chehalis took early to determine whether the U.S.R.A. plan We do not oppose such assistance E-L will be accepted, rejected, retm·ned for modi­ to turns seeing patients in the neat little build­ fication, or whetber entirely new legislation as may be required. We vigorously oppose, at ing, but that proved impractical. Recently will be needed. Present indication is that the least until the plans required from U.S.R.A. the building has housed a beauty parlor. latter course will be .required. can be evaluated, any inclusion of E-L as a Johnson, a nursing graduate of Walla Wal­ Penn Central states that it requires $14 "railroad in reorganization" so as to qualify la College and one of the state's first male millietn to meet its payroll through February. E-L for compulsory conveyance of its prop­ nurse practitioner, will move his family from. It is my suggestion, therefore, that these erties to Consolidated Rail Corporation or to funds And. subsequent funds for the current other railroads. In short, E-L should not be • In re Boston & Maine Corporat.ion. 37B F. fiscal _year be m.ade by the Congress as needs legislated into the Act at this time, other Supp. 68 (D. Mass. 1974). The Erie-Lacka­ are discerned. Everyone, in the meantime, than for purposes of financial assistance. wan n a's court decision is not yet reported. 1998 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 19?5 White Salmon in late January. Officially he TilE JOB CORPS AT 10 YEARS there wNe 94 Civilian Conservation Centers will be on the staff of a Chehalis Clinic, but but today the number is 27. he and a nurse-receptionist wlll provide the Some money is being saved by these cuts only on-the-scene health care in the lum­ HON. SHIRLEY CHISHOLM and closings, but assuredly it is the kind ber-and-farming community of Pe Ell, near- of short-term savings that eventually means ly 30 miles away. . OF NEW YORK little when compared with the losses: what This is the second nurse clinic which WI IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the nation must pay to meet the needs of ARMP has helped to open in a "doctorless" Friday, January 31, 1975 those on welfare, in prison and on the unem­ town. A three-year-old facllity in Darring­ ployment lines. With none of the skills or ton is staffed by two nurses. Mrs. CffiSHOLM. Mr. Speaker, al­ help they would receive in Job Corps, many The other man in the group, Jay Hense· though the Job Corps has been around youngsters may be destined for one or len, wlll move from Lakewood to Vashon for 10 years, one rarely hears anything another of those fates. President Ford has Island to be one of two nurse practitioners about it, either supportive or critical. hailed the Job Corps for having "sustained a on the staff of the clinic which W -ARMP remarkable record of success." If that's ·the helped establish there. Vashon's physician Legislative authority for the program case, what is needed now is a new commit­ coverage is inadequate to care for the island was transferred from the Economic Op­ ment to develop the program. The need for population, particularly in summer. portunity Act to the Comprehensive Em­ Job Corps today is considerably greater than The neighboring towns of Elma and ployment and Training Act of 1973 University of Washington been enrolled; the cost per enrollee in FY the poor. School of Nursing faculty included classroom 1974 was $3,098. Unfortunately, evidence The poor should be the last to be instruction on diagnosis and management, suggests that the Job Corps ls still under penalized for inflation. They do not plus assignments that took the candidates some of the pressures it has endured all on hospital rounds with physicians, and on along. Funding in the last fiscal year was spend extravagantly on luxuries; they working assignments ln hospital emergency $176 million, down from $185 million ln spend whatever they can scrape together rooms and in both general and specialized 1973 and $212 milllon in 1972. According to for necessities. They do not demand wage clinics. one Labor Department official, at one time increases; they are unemployed and only January 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1999 ask for an opportunity to support them­ brave men and their families to take all This has tremendous social, psychological selves. They have no cushion of savings measures necessary to determine their and other implic81tions. Producers of the cur­ or unemployment compensation or spe­ rent fare offered by the networks are not fate. seeking to uplift educational standards, cial union funds. Yet the President would It greatly pleased me that the Presi­ mores, morals, etc., in their entertainment have them bear the cost even though dent signed a proclamation designating production. Rather, they seek to sell by uti­ they bear none of the blame. January 27 as National MIA Awareness lizing crime, shock, degeneracy, sensation, Instead of increasing the cost of food Day. We must not forget nor abandon immorality, etc., to wttract the largest possi­ stamps, the Congress should prevent the our MIA's. ble audience for sponsors. increase from taking effect and then That is nothing new in the advertising move to make food stamps necessary for business, but what is new is that in America as few people as possible by establishing the advertisement dollar totally Inaintains television; the people pay nothing as in the a program of full employment which THE TRAGIC IMPACT OF TV case of newspapers and as they do in most would enable every American family to of the other democracies of the world-where support themselves and their children. a non-commercial station is dedicated to HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT public service and benefiting the people. OF FLORIDA Of course, it isn't necessary that Ameri­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cans pay anything for television, such as a REMEMBER OUR MIA'S license fee, or annual tax, etc. The country Friday, January 31, 1975 could easily afford to operate one of the Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, I wish to thirteen primary channels in the public in­ HON. BILL ARCHER bring to a wide public attention the ex­ terest and welfare in a non-political manner. OF TEXAS cellent editorial of January 23 from the It should have done so from the beginning. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And educational and public service tele­ pen of Edward H. Sims. It was printed vision should have been allotted at least half Friday, Janum·y 31, 1975 in the Sarasota Herald-Tribune. While the primary channels in the beginning. Mr. Sims acknowledges the importance Three, four, or five commercial channels Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, I have of television and the opportunities it has, would be a gracious plenty in any area of joined in cosponsoring legislation to pre­ he condemns the recent downward trend the nation. vent the U.S. Defense Department from in quality observable to us all. The edi­ How long will it take Congress, buttressed changing the status of any member of torial reads as follows: by an informed public opinion to move to the uniformed services listed as missing correct the weak condition of helpful tele­ COMMERCIAL POWER : THE TRAGIC IMPACT vision and reduce the influence (or provide in action in Southeast Asia to presump­ OF TV tive finding of death classification until meaningful regulation) to commercial tele­ (By Edward H. Sims) vision? all the provisions of the Paris Peace Ac­ The passing years confirm the worst about The power of the television networks, in­ cord of January 27, 1973, have been com­ America's commercial television; its effect cluding their ability to influence elections plied with by the Communists. on the people of America has been tragic. and members of Congress, is not an easy first The Paris Peace Accord signaled the With all Its potential for good (in the edu­ barrier to overcome in this effort. withdrawal of American troops from cational and non-commercial and other South Vietnam. It was sincerely hoped fields) television's main effect on the nation that the agreements reached would bring has been costly indeed. peace to this war-ravaged land. This One might question whether thalt state­ ment is overly pessimist ic and what facts SIGNING OF GENEVA PROTOCOL, hope has not been fulfilled. The North and figures it's based on, because few under­ BIOLOGICAL CONVENTION Vietnamese have violated two major stand the implications and dangers in near­ sections of the Paris Peace Accord. domination of the entertainment medium in First, the North Vietnamese Commu­ the homes of America by three big-business nists have continued their aggression groups primarily centered in New York City. HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI against the South Vietnamese people. But the facts are clear for all who seek OF WISCONSIN The Communists have infiltrated thou­ them. The worst part is that the three net­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES works have become so powerful today neither sands of troops into the south, increased the government nor the people seem capable Friday, January 31, 1975 weapons to their troops, and stepped up of breaking their near-monopoly power. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, it was a their attacks against the South Vietnam­ That the pap they feed to the American great personal honor for me to witness ese, military and civilian. The U.S. Em­ people in the form of daily shows and pro­ on Wednesday, January 22, President bassy in Saigon has released captured grams is close to moronic is self-evident. Ford's signing of the 1925 Geneva Pro­ Communist documents urging Commu­ Because their advertisers must reach the low­ est imbecile on the scale, practically every­ tocol and the 1972 Biological Conven­ nist forces to expand their control in tion. South Vietnam and to recover zones oc­ thing is pitched to his level. cupied and pacified by the Saigon Gov­ More unfortunate is the fact that the These two documents represent an principles of living-the accepted values, important step forward in eliminating ernment. manners, etc., of the average and traditional horrible and inhumane weapons of war. Second, the North Vietnamese have American-are not represented by the three President Ford is therefore to be com­ refused to cooperate with the United networks' programs. The image and way of mended for his leadership in achieving States in securing information on Amer­ life they teach is, instead, that of New York ican servicemen listed as missing in ac­ City, of producers who often know little this development. His role in breaking a tion. The North Vietnamese have vio­ of the American way of life outside New long-standing deadlock over the issue lated both the spirit and the letter of York, Hollywood, etc. merits high praise and appreciation. What has been happendng for two dec­ Yet, as the New York Times editorial the agreement by this refusal of co­ ades, as a result of the turning over of of January 24 noted, the two agreements operation. all our prime television channels to com­ have an added significance in signaling It is essential that the United States mercial interests, therefore, is this: the need for additional controls on other increase its pressure on the North Viet­ Programs are designed around constant equally horrible weapons of war. In­ namese to urge them to uphold the hu­ commercials. To sell. And they are aimed deed, a thorough review is needed of all manitarian considerations of the agree­ so low that not only is there no benefit or uplifting of the peoples' moral and educa­ weapons that cause unnecessary suffer­ ment they signed 2 years ago pledging ing and are indiscriminate in their ef­ cooperation in accounting for our missing tional standards, they have degraded them, especially in the fields of manners, violence fects. Building upon the positive mo­ soldiers. and crime. mentum of the Geneva Protocol and the Although 2 years have passed since the The fare beamed into millions of Ameri­ Biological Convention, ways will hope­ signing of the peace accord, there are can homes daily is certain to have a major fully be found soon to bring about new over 1,000 American servicemen still effect on the impressionable, uninformed I and young. Commercial television in this additional agreements. To that end listed as missing in action. We must not pledge my continued efforts. abandon these men by merely changing courutry has implan.ted the mannerisms, manners, ways of life (drinking, smoking, Because it sets this issue into clear their status from missing in action to screaming, crime, etc.) of metropolitan New perspective I am inserting the Times edi­ presumptive finding of death, without York, and of producers not representative tonal in the REcoRD at this point and any evidence of or information to justify of the American people in a whole genera­ recommend it to the reading of my col­ this action. We as a nation owe it to these tion of America. leagues. 2000 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 19t5 GLIMMER OF SANITY amended by striking out "after July 18, pointment to the bench by President After half a century a President of the 1966" and inserting in lieu thereof "before, Harry Truman in 1950 and Judge Worley United States has signed the 1925 treaty pro­ on, or after July 18, 1966". served with distinction in the capacity hibiting poisonous gases in battle, thereby SEc. 2. In the case of a surviving widow orwidower- of judge on the U.S. Court of Customs joining the major nations of the world in one and Patent Appeals until his death. He small but symbolic step against the lasting (1) whose survivor annuity payable from cruelties of bizarre weapons. A second con­ the civil service retirement and dlsabllity was a man of an era gone by but brought vention, renouncing biological warfare, has fund was terminated because of the remar· his wisdom and knowledge to every office also been approved and will be formally rati­ riage of the widow or widower before July 18, in which he was privileged to serve. He fied by Great Britain, the Soviet Union and 1966; and was a good friend of mine, as was his the United States. (2) whose remarriage is dissolved by death, divorce, or annulment before, on, or entire family and I, for one, shall miss In the age of intercontinental nuclear wea­ him much. pons with multiple warheads, no corner of after such date; the earth is immune from confiagration. Yet the survivor annuit y shall be restored to such it is still important to limit or ban other de­ widow or widower commencing on (A) the bilitating forrns of warfare that are, ironical­ date of the dissolution of such remarriage; ly, called "conventional." It is difficult for or (B) the date of enactment of this section; FORMER CONGRESSMAN ORIE S. participants or innocent civilians to choose whichever date is later, if WARE-A LIFETIME OF SERVICE their weapons on the small battlefields that (i) the surviving widow or widower elects erupt around the world. Nations must do so. to receive such survivor annuity in lieu of Various Geneva conventions require up­ a. survivor benefit to which the widow or HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE dating further to restrict belligerents. Last widower may be entitled, under subchapter OF KENTUCKY ni of chapter 83 of title 5, United States spring a conference called by the Swiss Gov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ernment and the International Committee of Code, or another retirement system for Gov­ the Red Cross heard recommendations to ernment employees, by reason of the remar­ Friday, January 31, 1975 prohibit or restrain particularly horrible riage; and (ii) any lump sum paid on termination Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. Speaker, it weapons: incendiary weapons such as na­ is my unhappy duty to report to the palm and phosphorous, high-explosive anti­ of the survivor annuity is repaid to the civil personnel Inines and modern fragmentation service retirement and disabl11ty fund. Congress that former Congressman Orie bombs. Last summer the United States and S. Ware of Covington, Ky., died at the the Soviet Union issued a joint statement ELKHORN, WIS., January 23, 1975. age of 92 on December 16, 1974. He had DEAR MR. LEHMAN: I'm very grateful for given a lifetime of service, not only to calling for measures against environmental the time you gave me and the interest you modi:fication-"raln-making" that can fiood showed in the strange small exclusion of a the Commonwealth of Kentucky, but also rice:fields as well as roadways. bunch of old women from the liberalizations to mankind and to our Nation and the A thorough review is needed of all war principles under which we live. weapons that cause unnecessary suffering of survivor pensions provisions. It is such an and are indiscriminate in their effects, par­ egregious cruelty it can only have been acci­ In an interview but a short while back ticularly upon civilian populations. Codifi­ dental. PL 89-504 (1966) was liberalized in he was quoted as saying: cation and agreements are required to reaf­ this respect by PL 91-93 (1969), but excluded I have lived a great period-electricity, the all survivors whose remarriages took place firm and develop international humanitarian auto, airplane, radio, television, space ex­ before enactment of PL 89-504. In this re­ laws. The two agreements approved by Pres­ ploration, inventive genius and industrial spect, Civil Service pensions are unique, development. ident Ford, after long efforts by the Senate since all the other Federal Pension systems, Foreign Relations Committee, are significant On the other hand, the simple general rules signals of the need for other controls on such as Social Security, extended the liberal­ of 2000 years ago-integrity and honesty, weaponry and warfare. ization to everyone whose second marriage love and charity-remain the real funda­ had terminated. mentals of good living and a good life. The two bills which died in House Com­ mittee last session were HR 5672 and HR Orie Ware's long and exemplary life 9139. Either would have let us onto the back gave credit to his ideals. He was born in REINSTATE CIVIL SERVICE RETIRE­ of the wagon for the ride, instead of leaving Peace Grove in Pendleton County, Ky., MENT SURVIVOR ANNUITIES us by the side of the road when the younger ~ .... . ones pulled ahead. on May 11 in 1882. He attended the pub­ In a letter, November 15, 1974, Thomas lic schools of Covington, Ky., was gradu­ HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN Linsley told Senator Nelson that the Civil ated from the University of Cincinnati OF FLORIDA Service Commission estimated 3,500 persons, Law School and was admitted to the involving $7 or $8 Inillion, would be affected IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Kentucky bar in 1903. His life has by letting us aboard. The number and ex­ spanned almost one-half of that Bicen­ Friday, January 31, 1975 pense declines each year because of deaths, tennial which we celebrate next year. and the group will in the end self-destruct. Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, today I The Ininlscule number of persons, Inicro­ As the dean of the Kentucky bar, ac­ am introducing legislation which would scopic amount of money, and lack of interest tive in the practice until his death, in reinstate civil service retirement sur­ in survivors wlll all work against passage of daily attendance at his office and in vivor annuities for certain widows and a. bill to correct this situation. I guess that counseling with the junior members of widowers whose remarriages occurred is why we'll have to trust that some people his firm, including his son, Senator Jas. before July 18, 1966. with compassion will help. Like you all, Ware, he nonetheless found time to de­ maybe? vote a significant part of his life to pub­ The need for this legislation diminishes Faithfully, every day-as death claims those few in­ ALICE M. 1-'liLES. lic service. He was Covington's postmas­ dividuals who would benefit from the en­ ter at the time of Woodrow Wilson; Con­ actment of this legislation. Thus, we gressman under Calvin Coolidge, and must act before it is too late to help the Kenton circuit judge under President still surviving widows and widowers. Mr. HON. EUGENE WORLEY Eisenhower. Speaker, several week ago, Mrs. Alice Orie Ware left behind him a legacy of M. Miles visited my office to urge my sup­ precept, friendship, integrity, and devo­ port for this legislation. Her followup HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE tion to duty which will long be remem­ letter, which I include for the benefit of OF TEXAS bered; he was a man dedicated to his my colleagues, better explains the r.eces­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES people, who left behind a devoted family and friends. sity for this legislation. Thursday, January 30, 1975 The text of the bill and the letter Mr. Speaker, at this time I insert an from Mrs. Miles follow: Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, I rise to article about Orie Ware which appeared H.R.- join my colleagues in paying tribute to a in the December 17 edition of the Ken­ A bill to amend title 5, United States Code, statesman, an American, a jurist, and a tucky Post: to restore the survivor annuities of certain just plain down-to-earth individual, the 0RIE S. WARE DIES AT 92 remarried spouses whose remarriages have Honorable Gene Worley. (By Jim Blair) terminated, and for other purposes Judge Worley was already a Member Orie Ware is dead. Be it enacted by the Senate and House oj of this body when I joined it in August At the age of 92, the well-known Coving­ .Representatives of the United States oj of 1946. He was most helpful to me as was ton lawyer and judge, died quietly at his America in Congress assembled, That section his custom and I shall never forget him. home at 2523 Elliott St., Ft. Mitchell, at 2:30 8341 (g) of title 5, United States Code, is The Texas delegation rejoiced in his ap- p .m. Monday. January 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2001 Ware, the oldest practicing attorney in Orie Ware was one of the most active mem­ tremendous impact which the national Kentucky and the Commonwealth's senior bers of Covington's First Baptist Church. He securities market system will have on the 33d degree Mason, had been in good health worshipped in the church for over haLf a up to the time of his death, though he had century and was a member of the trustees markets, the securities industry, and. suffered a heart attack in 1954. and board of deacons for nearly 45 years. publi~ investors, an impact those of us Orie Solomon ware, the fourth generation "Back in the 20's there was an $80 million who are committed to this undertaking of his damily to live in northern Kentucky, campaign put on by the Southern Baptist wish to be favorable, I introduced a bill was born May 11, 1882, in a log cabin at Convention," Jim Ware remembers. "Dad last Congress which would create a self­ Peach Grove in Pendleton County. spoke at every Baptist church in Kenton and regulatory body-The National Securi­ His father, Solomon Grizzel Ware, ran a Campbell Counties.'' ties Market Board-that would contrib­ country store which, his son was later tore­ Other survivors: daughter, Mrs. Louise ute to the development of the system as call, "sold everything from pins to caskets." Wile, Lexington; sister, Mrs. Norbert Gainey, well as be responsible for the system's Ware admired his father tremendously and Columbus, 0 . it was his boyhood ambition to follow in his Grandchildren, Patricia Ware Rothwell, operation and regulation. I am reintro­ footsteps as ringmaster of the Campbell Lexington, Cathryn Terwort, Park Hills, Ann ducing that bill today. County Fair at Alexandria. Ware, Ft. Mitchell, Louise Wile, Lexington, One of the major advantages of the "Standing there in the ring," he told Ken­ Joe Wile Jr., Lexington, Edith Louise Helm, Board is that it would introduce a tucky Post Stat! Writer John Murphy three Sarah Helm, both Louisville, and Mary Mc­ greater degree of flexibility into the sys­ years ago, "cracking the whip and letting the Brayer, Covington. tem's operational and regulatory frame­ horses in to be judged, my Dad was the big­ Great-grandchildren, John C. and Ann work. Subject to SEC and congressional gest man in the world." Rothwell, both Lexington, William Ware Ter­ "Life was primitive when I was a young­ wort, Park Hills, Cathryn, Virginia, and Eliza­ oversight, the Board would be in a posi­ ster," Ware told Murphy. "We kept milk in beth Wile, all Lexington, Joe Helm Jr., Lucy, tion to react quickly and in the public the well. Police on the beats lit the street and John Blakey Helm all Louisvllle, and interest to day-to-day management and lamps. There were no paved roads." Sarah Randolph and John Lawton McBrayer, regulatory problems while also being in But boyhood dreams soon gave way to ma­ both Covington. a position to evaluate the system and ture ambitions, and Ware decided on a career Services: 1 p.m. Thursday, First Baptist anticipate problems without waiting on in law. Church, Covington. Visitation: 4 to 9 p.m. Congress for enabling legislation. There Ware went to Ohio for his legal training, Wednesday, Swindler, Latonia. Burial: High­ is much talk about the evolution of the graduating in 1903 from Cincinnati Law land Cemetery. School. He was the last surviving member of The family suggests memorials to charity national securities market system, but his class of 1917. of choice. no one really knows what this evolution He immediately was admitted to the bar will entail. By delegating to the Board and returned to Covington to establish his authority over key elements of the sys­ practice. tem, both industry and the public would On Sept. 19, 1906, he married Louise Cul­ NATIONAL SECURITIES MARKET be assured of maximum involvement in bertson in the old Madison Ave. Presbyterian BOARD guiding the system's evolution. Church. The couple lived together until Mrs. Ware's death in December 1972. A second advantage is the clear deline­ Orie Ware quickly made a name for him­ HON. W. S. (BILL) STUCKEY ation of regulatory responsibility for the self-both politically and personally. OF GEORGIA national securities market system. The A life-long Democrat, he was named Cov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Board would not add another regulatory ington Postmaster by President Wilson in layer; rather it would prevent the occur­ 1914 and held the position until 1921. He was Friday, January 31, 1975 rence of either overlapping regulatory a member of the House of Representatives Mr. STUCKEY. Mr. Speaker, the responsibilities or a void of self-regula­ 1927-1929; a U.S. commissioner in Coving­ ton 1942-1947 and Kenton circuit judge 1957- securities industry in this country is in tory authority. My bill would accomplish 1958. the midst of change. Some of these this by providing that the securities ex­ Ware was known for his impartiality and changes will take the form of refining changes and the National Association of fairness-the value of which sometimes was certain "housekeeping" procedures. Most Securities Dealers would continue to per­ lost on criminals who appeared before him. of these are spelled out in H.R. 10, the form those self-regulatory functions not Kentucky Post Staff Wirter Burl Russel re­ recently introduced Securities Reform performed by the Board. The Board's au­ calls the case of a man scheduled to appear Act of 1975, which is identical to the before Judge Ware. thority would be limited to the national "In a pretrial interview the man told his omnibus securities bill reported almost securities market system: the criteria for sorry little tale and the reporter concluded unanimously by the Interstate and determining the eligibility of securities to by saying, 'Well, you know Orie Ware is a Foreign Commerce Committee late in the be traded within the system, and the fair judge.' " 93d Congress. crite1ia governing and regulating a trans­ "Hell yes! I know he is a fair man," the Other changes which the securities in­ actional reporting system and a com­ accused snorted. dustry and markets will be experiencing posite quotation system. "But that's not what I need. I want a judge in the very near future will result in Before briefly summarizing the bill's who will believe my story." significant structural changes. Some of Ware also was known for his prodigious provisions, it should be pointed out that memory. "He had the most remarkable power these will be brought about by the un­ I am introducing this proposal in bill of recall of any man I've ever known," Ware's fixing of Commission rates, by virtue of form in order to facilitate the solicitation son and law partner James Ware said. the Securities and Exchange Commis­ of comment and re•,iew. I plan to offer "He knew everyone's birthday and he would sion's adoption of rule 19b-3 last week, offer this bill as an amendment to title go up and down the street and tell everyone and by the establishment of a national VI of H.R. 10, if that is the vehicle chosen how old they were," the younger Ware said. securities market system for securities by the subcommittee for markup. "A lot of people will rest easy now." trading as provided for in title VI of In reviewing and commenting on this Former Kentucky Post Staff Writer Howard H.R. 10. The bill directs the SEC to Raver remembers the time he and Orie Ware proposal, I would encourage interested were having lunch at Ramey's Cafeteria, Cov­ establish such a system which is to in­ parties to focus on: First, the need for a ington. Ware recited the name and tenure of clude, as a minimum, a transactional re­ self-regulatory body for the national se­ every Covington mayor since 1920. porting system, a composite quotation curities market system-an industry Ware, an active Mason, was a past grand system, and a scheme of regulation to board with public representation-and master of Kentucky and was a member of provide for fair competition between second, the areas of the system over Covington Lodge No. 109, the Scottish Rite competitors in the system. which the self-regulatory body should be a.nd the Olika Shrine. The development and implementation granted jurisdiction in order to insure In recent years he had become something of these three aspects of the national of a local sage and oracle and on several oc­ that the system operates smoothly, in casions reminisced about his life and what it securities market system is no easy the public interest, and with an eye to­ had meant to him. undertaking. How this is accomplished ward future needs. After these major "I have lived in a great period--electricity, will impact directly on the viability of substantive points are addressed, then the auto, airplane, radio, television, space ex­ the securities industry, the corporations I think it would be helpful to comment ploration, inventive genius and industrial de­ raising capital through the equities mar­ on other provisions such as how many velopment," he said in a 1971 interview. kets, and the public investors who directly Board members there should be, how "On the other hand," he went on, "the sim- or indirectly commit their funds to the they should be elected, who they should ple general rules of 2000 years ago ... integ- growth of America's publicly owned represent, et cetera. rity and honesty, love and charity ... remain companies. Given the nature of this We are fast approaching the imple­ the real :!unda.mentals of good living and a undertaking, whose outcome is uncer­ good life." mentation of key elements of the na- tain from the outset, and given the tional securities market system. I would 2002 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 19t5 hope that if there is no consensus over Subsection (g) delineates the Board's "PARTE-PURCHASE OF MOBILE HEALTH UNITS other matters, there would at least be area of jurisdiction. The Board's rules FOR MEDICALLY UNDERSERVED AREAS consensus on the need to stop haggling shall: First, establish criteria for deter­ "STATEMENT OF PURPOSE over who would have veto power and mining the eligibility of securities to be "SEC. 651. It is the purpose of this part to who should receive special privileges in traded within the system; and, second, a&Sist in the provision of adequate health the system. establish criteria govertting and regu­ care through special project grants for the I would also hope that this proposal lating a consolidated transactional purchase of mobile health units to provide needed health services to individuals resid­ coupled with agreements hammered out reporting system and a composite ing in medically underserved areas. last Congress on important provisions of quotation system. H.R. 10 would be recognized as positive Subsection (h) gives the SEC respon­ ''DEFINITIONS "SEc. 652 . For the purposes of this par t, steps in the direction of designing the sibility for promulgating rules to assw·e the term- new system before it designs itself in the fair and equitable treatment of all • ('1) 'mobile health unit' mes.ns a van, an ad hoc fashion to the possible detri­ participants in the system and to co­ trailer, truck, bus, or other similar vehicle ment of the industry, listed corporations, ordinate functions among the various properly equipped to provide needed health public investors, and the Nation's capital markets comprising the system. services (including dental care) in a desig­ markets. Subsection Henry Kissinger that the Soviet Union India, and more recently assisted by funds at Rs.92 crores, out of which Rs.64 crores from AID. Recognition of our support and relate to the plants at Kalal. We have been has decided not to bring into force the warm gratitude for our efforts were extended fortunate to complete the projects very near­ 1972 Trade Agreement. during the dedication ceremonies for the ly within the estimates. The share capital has I commend this vital statement to all IFFCO plant by Mr. Mehta, the IFFCO board been contributed by the Cooperatives and of my colleagues in this body who have chairman, and others, including the Minister the Government of India. The loan capital steadfastly stood by their support of the of State for Civil Supplies and Industry, and has been raised from the Government of In­ freedom of emigration amendment dia, the Government of USA and Indian fi­ the chief executive officer of IFFCO, Mr. which became a part of the Trade Reform Pothen. nancing institutions. The balance foreign ex­ You can take humble pride in this event change requirements were met by credit as­ Act of 1974. I join my distinguished and the appreciation expressed to the Co­ sistance from the Governments of U.K. and colleague, Senator JACKSON, in my con­ operative League for our efforts. Now In­ the Netherlands. Thus, this is a venture not tinuing support of the Trade Reform Act dian cooperators will be producing over 800,- only between Cooperatives and the Govern­ and hope that detente can and will be 000 tons of fertilizer per year in their own ment of this country but Governments of expanded with the Soviet Union through complex. You can imagine what this $120,­ three foreign countries have also helped. I a more rational interpretation of the ooo,ooo project will mean to the Indian peo­ would particularly emphasize the fact that legislative actions we have taken, in ac­ ple in an era of shortages. We probably could the Cooperatives o! India have contributed 11ave made no greater contribution than this over Rs.lO crores as share capital for this cord with the administration, to allow to help Indian farmers develop the capacity project. This is the biggest endeavour by most favored nations status to be to help themselves in improving the standard the cooperatives in any single venture in granted to the Soviet Union. We also of living of the Indian people. the country. The funds have been raised agree that the problems surrounding To me, this inauguration symbolizes one of from about 25,000 cooperative societies rang­ limitation of credits to the Soviet Union the Cooperative League's finest hours and ing from village societies, intermediate so- c3mprise a principal reason for the C.XXI--127-Part 2 2004 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1975 Soviets' decision not to implement their INTERNATIONAL LAW AND INTERNAL AFFAIRS between the Congress and the Administra­ 1972 agreements with our Government. By acceding to the "International Conven­ tion that effectively bridged our philosophi­ Under present economic circumstances, tion on the Elimination of All Forms of cal differences on the substantive question America is no longer a cornucopia of Racial Discrimination" in 1969, the Soviet of tying trade concessions to human rights. Union acknowledged that emigration policy To implement the October 18 compromise credit. goes beyond the limits implied by the term the three Senators drafted, along with Ad­ It is also our fervent hope that the "internal affairs." Soviet ratification of this ministration and Finance Committee repre­ Soviet Union will not retreat from their convention ended once and for all the pre­ sentatives, the agreed upon waiver authority. stated commitments to allow people seek­ tense that Soviet emigration policy is an im­ The Senate approved it by a vote of 88-0, and ing to emigrate the right to do so free of proper subject for action by the interna­ it was adopted by the full Congress with the harassment, loss of employment or other tional community. The 1969 convention spec­ trade bill on December 20. forms of deterrence. As great powers, we ifies that: ". . . Parties undertake to . . . Having negotiated the October 18 com­ cannot afford the sight of restrictions on guarantee the right of everyone, without promise in good faith, we thus delivered on distinction as to race, colour, or national or our half of the bargain: we had authorized the basic right of emigration for reunion ethnic origin ... to leave any country, in­ the President to extend MFN to the Soviet of families and other reasons. We are cluding his own, and to return to his coun­ Union and to permit the Soviets to partici­ watching and hoping that compassion in try." The Jackson amendment, far from being pate in U.S. government credit programs. emigration policy will increase, despite an intrusion into anyone's internal affairs, The Russians, for their part, were expected this temporary setback in trade affairs. is one small step along the road to an in­ to live up to the assurances that Secretary There is little reason for the Soviet ternational community based on law. Had the Kissinger had been authorized to convey to Union to suspend what its leadership international community acted in this spirit the Congress. has said many times is in keeping with at other times and places, much of the brutal· THE ASSURANCES ON EMIGRATION ity and suffering that have marked the first The October 18 comproinise thus revolved its own policies. Senator JACKSON's im­ three quarters of the twentieth century portant statement is as follows : around the assurances conveyed to Congress. might have been avoided. As a result, the Soviet renunciation of the STATEMENT BY SENATOR HENRY M. JACKSON A SHORT HISTORY OF THE JACKSON Trade Agreement cannot be understood un­ ON SECRETARY KISSINGER'S ANNOUNCEMENT AMENDMENT less the substance of those assurances, and OF JANUARY 14 . On October 4, 1972, prior to the signing of the attitude of the participants toward the On January 14, Secretary of State Kissinger the 1972 U .S.-Soviet Trade Agreement, more compromise to which they led, is clear. On informed us that the Soviet Union has de­ than 70 Senators joined me in introducing these issues Secretary Kissinger's testimony cided not to bring into force the 1972 Trade what became known as the Jackson-Vanik before the Senate Finance Cominittee on Agreement granting Moscow most-favored­ amendment. In December 1973 the House of December 3 is especially instructive. Asked nation treatment by the United States sub­ Representatives passed this amendment by about the nature of the assurances in his ject to implementing legislation. The Secre­ a vote of 319-80. At that time there were October 18 letter, Secretary Kissinger went tary's announcement, which came as a com­ 77 Senators cosponsoring the Jackson amend­ beyond what had already been made public: plete surprise to me and to my Congressional ment in the Senate. Its passage was certain. "I have had many conferences on this sub­ colleagues, has given rise to confusion, specu­ Nevertheless, in the interest of reconc111ng ject with Ambassador Dobrynin and con­ lation, and misunderstanding. The time has the Soviet desire for unconditional American ferences with Foreign Minister Gromyko . . . come to set the record straight. trade concessions and the Congressional view In addition, when President Ford took office At the outset, I wish to make my own posi­ that these concessions should be accom­ he had some conferences in which the state­ tion clear: to me, genuine detente requires panied by Soviet action in the area of human ments that I have made here were recon­ freer movement of people and ideas, and not rights, I, along with Senators Ribicoff and firmed by the same individuals. Finally, just of machinery or wheat. I continue to be­ Javits, entered into negotiations with Sec­ General Secretary Brezhnev has made an­ lieve that the economic power of the United retary Kissinger aimed at producing a fair alogous statements to President Nixon, to States should be pressed into the service of compromise. These negotiations, carried on myself and recently to President Ford. This human rights, and I continue to believe that over a period of nine months, led to agree­ is the structure of the assurances that we the courageous men and women fighting for ment on the texts of two letters--one from have." their freedom in the Soviet Union are worthy Secretary Kissinger to me and one from me Senator HARTKE. "Are the assurances then of our support. I will not abandon their cause, to Secretary Kissinger. The unique form of made from Mr. Brezhnev, Mr. Gromyko, and whether under pressure from the cold-hearted these letters, in which Dr. Kissinger con­ Mr. Dobrynin?" in Moscow, or the faint-hearted in Washing­ veyed to the Congress assurances that he had Secretary KissiNGER. "That is correct." ton. received from various Soviet leaders, was de­ At the same hearing, urging support for TRADE WITH THE SOVIET UNION veloped to accommodate the Soviet Union's the new proposed waiver amendment, Secre­ I continue to support expanded trade with refusal to become a party to a government­ tary Kissinger stated: the Soviet Union, despite its rejection of the to-government agreement relating to what "I believe a satisfactory compromise was 1972 agreement; and ordinary commercial they still contended was an internal matter. achieved on an unprecedented and extra­ ordinarily sensitive set of issues ... I be­ trade--profitable to both sides, and requiring THE OCTOBER 18 COMPROMISE no government subsidies-may well continue lieve it is now essential to let the provisions to grow. But the fact is that to the Soviets The negotiations that resulted in the ex­ and understandings of the compromise pro­ the 1972 Trade Agreement was designed to change of letters of October 18, 1974, were ceed in practice." bring not so much our trade, as our aid­ conducted over an extended period with the Clearly, an arrangement such as the Octo­ in the form of a huge infusion of American utmost care. At his press conference on Jan­ ber 18 compromise could only be negotiated capital at subsidized interest rates. On this uary 14, Secretary Kissinger explained why on the basis of good faith on the part of all we have the authority of Dr. Kissinger in his the negotiations were so protracted: the participants, and continuing good faith January 13 Business Week interview: "The reason the negotiations with the was a prerequisite for its successful imple­ "The Soviet Union was much more inter­ Senators took so long was our concern to mentation. Secretary Kissinger and Presi­ ested in credits than it was in trade be• make sure that we would communicate noth­ dent Ford understood this well. As the Sec­ cause, for the next four or five years, it will ing that we could not back up. The Soviet retary put it on December 3: have very little to give in reciprocal trade." Union gave us certain descriptions of their "This understanding which is reflected in The Trade Agreement of 1972 was not, in domestic practices, which we attempted to these letters can operate only on the basis economic terms, the sort of "mutually bene­ communicate as accurately as we could . . . of good faith by all the parties concerned ficial trade relations with the Soviet Union" they [the Soviets] have never disavowed the and good will among the Senators and our­ Secretary Kissinger espoused in his January assurances or the statements in my letter selves ... This is a specific assurance which 14 statement; rather the stream of benefits in (to Senator Jackson]." has been extended on a number of occasions, that agreement flowed one way only-east to The compromise of October 18 was in es­ the violation of which would certainly be Moscow. Well aware of this, Congress insisted sence this: the Administration would con­ one that the Administration would take very that the imbalance of benefits be redressed­ vey assurances to the Congress that the rate seriously. The President, on a number of of emigration from the Soviet Union would occasions, has told the three Senators that not in econoinic terms (for there is no real increase and that punitive action against in­ with respect to what js contained in our prospect of that), and not in geopolitical dividuals seeking to emigrate would cease. letter he believes that he can stand behind terms (where Soviet accommodation has In exchange, I agreed to introduce an amend­ it." proved wholly elusive) , but in terms of ment to the trade bill that would enable the As late as December 18, 1974, when the movement toward the implementation ot President to waive the credit and MFN re­ trade bill was under consideration in a Article XIII of the Universal Declaration of strictions of the Jackson amendment for 18 House-Senate conference committee and Human Rights which provides for free emi­ months with subsequent one-year waivers after the Soviet news agency TASS released gration. Despite the Administration's timid­ subject to Congressional approval. the text of a secret October 26 letter from ity, the judgment of Congress prevailed. By The comp1·oin1se of October 18 had been Foreign Minister Gromyko to Secretary Kis­ overwhelming Ina.rgins in both Houses, credits negotiated with Secretary Kissinger and ap­ singer, the State Department formally com­ and most-favored-nation treatment were proved by President Ford. It was an encour· mented that Mr. Gromyko's letter "does not linked to elementary human rights. aging example of constructive cooperation in our view change the 'lmderstandings re- JanuaTy 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2005 !erred to in the Secretary's letter to Senator about the freer movement of people and ideas sinner-a good sinner-you have to be good Jackson of October 18." between East and West, and I expect the to stay at the top around Washington as GOOD FAITH AND THE SOVIET UNION President and the Secretary of State to stand long as he has. I have quoted at length from remarks of by their own commitments embodied in the We took a chance on his being a saint­ the Secretary of State because I am aston­ October 18 compromise. because we couldn't find anyone else who ished that, in all that has been said about would qualify. the recent Soviet action, there has been so Cracking the whip and blowing the whistle in the center ring, he has brought little recognition of the simple fact that the BARNEE BREESKIN Soviet Union has unilat erally abrogated a fun and good fellowship to us in programs good-fait h compromise on which the ink was with a list of st ellar attractions that cannot hardly dry. be excelled. Reading t he comment:lrles of the Soviet I have found he knows more wonderful HON . DANIEL J. FLOOD people who love him and are willing to do press one would have t hought that there had OF PENNSYLVANIA never been a compromise on October 18, a anything for him-who else could come up lapse of memory that recalls George Or­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with Bill Simon, Henry Kissinger, Art Buch­ well's famous characterization of the Soviet Friday, January 31, 1975 wald, the Chairman of both national polit ­ Union as a country in which "yesterday's ical parties on the same bill-Tip O'Neill, weather can be changed by decree." It was Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, many years John Rhodes and on, and on as fall guys,­ a bizarre case of blaming the lender for the ago a wise man said "give me the making to be roasted alive in public-and like it. borrower's failure to pay his debts. Rather of the songs of a nation and I care not With an all-star cast of Louse biogra­ than saying plainly that the Soviets had who makes its laws." Although this phers-Barry Goldwater, Charlie Wakker, reneged, the Administration sought to blame statement was made more than 200 Mark Russell, Liz Carpenter, who also love the Congress-and then to exploit the Soviet Barnee. years ago, the truth of it was brought All for the benefit of charity to make life action to inhibit the Congress from playing home here recently, when Senator Hu­ its Constitutional role in establishing tariffs better for thousands of others-to give hap­ and regulating credits. BERT H. HUMPHREY, Democrat Of Min­ piness, to give health, and to give hope. Some commentators have suggested that nesota, spoke at the dinner given by Yes, Barnee not only has his pitchfork the October 18 compromise might have James W. Ballard, vice president of the as a sinner-and uses it well, but he has won worked if it had been kept secret. Not only Shoreham American Hotel in Wash­ his wings as a saint, and has an ironclad is this contradicted by the repeat ed public ington, D.C. for Barnee Breeskin, writer contract for the run of the show. reaffirmations by the Administration of the of the well-known song, ''Hail to the October 18 compromise after it had been REMARKS BY SENATOR HUBERT H. HUMPHREY Redskins." Some people have been generous enough to announced but, more important, it implies The dining room was filled with peo­ that the Congress would have been willing suggest that I am not often at a loss for to modify the Jackson amendment on the ple from all walks of life, but mainly words. Others have suggested that sucll a strength of intimations that there had been lawmakers, Members of Congress from loss might have certain beneficial effects. a "secret deal" that would justify such ac­ both houses and both sides of the aisles. Be that as it may, to do justice to the long tion. I could not ask my 534 Congressional I was privileged to be there with my wife and richly varied career of Ba.rnee Breeskin colleagues to enact authority for the Presi­ and to be seated with the honored guest, is to tax the powers of a Cicero. dent to waive the House-passed Jackson­ To do so is to return to a simpler and more Barnee Breeskin. It was a gala and nos­ gracious time--the age of the great theaters Vanik amendment without a full disclosure talgic evening, and it proved to a great of the compromise that justified doing so, and the great hotels. nor could Congress have fulfilled its statu­ extent the gentleman's observations We live in an era in which rock groups tory obligation to review the implementation about writing songs and writing laws. with names like Big Fat and the Pork Barrel of the compromise after 18 months if it had In addition to Senator and Mrs. Hum­ are national idols for six months before they remained secret. The fact is the Administra­ phrey, other Members present were: disappear into oblivion. But Barnee con­ tion fully understood that the compromise House Majority Leader THOMAS O'NEILL, ducted the orchestra in the Blue Room for could not be a "secret deal." 25 years. House Minority Leader JOHN RHODES, By any standard, this is a superlative rec­ EMIGRATION, CREDITS, AND THE FUTURE Representative CORINNE (LINDY) BOGGS, ord, and a testament to Barnee's excellent The $300 million ceiling on loans to the Senator CARL CuRTIS, Margaret Truman music and warm personal appeal. But there Soviet Union can, under existing law, be Daniel, and her husband; Argentine were other testaments to that charm, too. increased With Congressional approval. In my Ambassador Orfila, Redskin Coach Perhaps the most notable occurred one judgment, the Congress should not abdicate George Allen, and many others of simi­ night in 1943, when a proinising young opera its responsibility to oversee the disposition lar official and unofficial standing. singer named Dolores DiMinni came to sing of U.S. credits, particularly to the country in the Blue Room. She struck a melodious whose policies require us to spend billions The tributes expressed that evening chord in the heart of the conductor, and she of dollars for defense. Congress cannot for­ to Mr. Breeskin were best summed up and Barnee were married two years later. feit the public's confidence by giving the Ad­ by Hon. Donald S. Dawson, executive Mr. Justice Frank Murphy wrote them, ministration a multi-billion dollar blank vice president of the P. T. Barnum Tent regret ting that Supreme Court Justices could check to subsidize the Soviet economy. On of Circus Saints and Sinners, and Sen­ not perform weddings, since they had only this matter, I would like to commend to my ator HUMPHREY. Excerpts from their re­ appellate jurisdiction. "In your case," Justice colleagues the excellent statement by Sen­ marks follows: Murphy said, "I am sure you will not need ator Adlai Stevenson on January 21. any court of appeal this side of heaven." That REMARKS OF DONALD S . DAWSON In supporting the Jackson-Vanik amend­ sentiment proved prophetic, and is still true ment the Congress has upheld the tradi­ I nm very happy to be in this distin­ thirty years later. tional American commitment to individual guished company, as the representative of During their years together, Barnee and liberty. In negotiating the compromise of Circus Saints & Sinners, where Barnee is Dolores had two sons, both of whom are here October 18 and incorporating its provisions Ringmaster of the Big Top, paying tribute tonight. with the original Jackson-Vanik language to him, not only because I am a card-carry­ ing saint and sinner; David, the oldest, is assistant mans:~.ger of into the Trade Act, the Congress acted both Ferguson's piano store in Wheaton, Mary­ in the hope that our good faith would be But also as one who came to Washing­ land, and an accomp-lished pianist in his own rewarded by good faith on the Soviet side, ton a long time ago-April 27, 1933 to be right. Steven's talents run more to the area and with the prudence of providing legisla­ exact-and danced in the Blue Room to of high finance. He's a claims adjust er for tive safeguards which deny the affected eco­ Barnee's music every Saturday night and All-State Insurance. nomic benefits to the Soviet Union in the every New Years' Eve. event of bad faith. But before either David or Steven were What a great part of the good life of Wash­ born, Barnee had given birth to a far different Our determination on these matt ers is all ingt on, Barnee has been through the years­ the more justified by President Ford's Jan­ sort of progeny when he wrote "Hail to the and more importantly, what a great part Redskins" in 1938, the year the team m oved uary 21 statement that the Administration he is going to play in the future good life here from Boston. In fact, history has it that intends to "work wit h the Congress to elim­ of Washington, for I have found him to be Barnee and Dolores had to adjust t heir mar­ inate any of the problems in the trade bill a man of unlimited capacity for doing riage plans in order to attend a Redskins that might have precipitated the action by good-unselfishly. game. the Soviet Union." This unfortunate reaction Circus Saints and Sinners is a charitable They were married on Sa turday, October suggests that we should reward an egregious organizat ion, which also believes in having 7th. But Barnee had to lead the band at the Soviet breach of good faith with increased a good time in the atmosphere of the circus, Redskins game the next day-thus creating while it is doing gOod for others. This is our largesse and a weakening of our insistence thing. the first football widow in American history. This second love affair would last for !our­ that they move toward freer emigration. As our President, Barnee is a real force in I do not believe that the Congress will teen years, during which Barnee served as our life-a real force in the life of Wash­ the official entertainment director for Red­ respond to the disappointing Soviet move ington. by abandoning its commitment to help bring skins owner George Preston Marshall until When we picked him, we knew he was a 1954. 2006 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1975 Meantime, Barnee's career at the Shoreham resources the American way. I include 3. Synthetic gas and oil. The Federal gov­ continued, and he played the favorite songs pertinent parts of Dr. Bethe's communi­ ernment should underwrite crash programs of Presidents and Congressmen--or what on demonstration plants for synthetic gas passed for their favorite songs. Harry Tru­ cation of January 2, 1975: from coal, and oil from shale. The technology man, for example, did not particularly like CORNELL UNIVERSITY, for such plants is in hand, so that this is the "Missouri Waltz," but he was stuck with Ithaca, N.Y., January 2,1975. not a problem of research and development. it. Then-Senator Lyndon Johnson, however, Hon. JOHN M. MURPHY, But major investment is required to get dem­ enjoyed basking in "The Eyes of Texas Are House Office Building, onstration plants built. In the case of gas Upon You." And whether Texas was watch­ Washington, D.C. from coal, the only action that may be nec­ ing or not, the Shoreham was. MY DEAR MR. MURPHY: Thank you very essary is to induce the Federal Power Com­ It was watching so carefully, in fact, that much for your letter dated December 19. mission to promise to accept synthetic gas in 1951 a group of Senators and other gentle­ Indeed, Congress has a great opportunity into pipelines at the usual condition of "fair men of the night decided to give Barnee a here, and much work has to be done. return on the investment". If such fair re­ party on his twenty-first anniversary at the As far as legislation is concerned, I see turn could be guaranteed, I understand there hotel. He was presented with two pictures of the greatest urgency in three areas: are several industrial combines which would Presidents: an autographed portrait of Harry 1. Increased coal production. We must at be willing to put up synthetic gas plants. Truman, and the engraved portrait of Grover least double coal production in the next 10 Many thanks for your interest. Cleveland--on a $1,000 bill. years, even if we anticipate only a very mod­ Yours sincerely, So widespread and respected was Barnee's est increase in energy consumption. To ac­ HANS A. BETHE. reputation, that the entire party, including complish this, strip mining is unavoidable, guest list, was reported in the Congressional and most of it must be done in the Western I should also ask consideration of Record. states. If underground mining were to be recomn:.endations by a top panel of In late April 1957, Barnee received an un­ used, we could not possibly find and train scientists, including 11 blessed by the precedented honor. enough miners to accomplish the jo"J. It is therefore necessary to devise a law Nobel Prize, who recently came out No President had ever asked a local musi­ strongly for peaceful nuclear energy to cian to entertain at the White House. But which (a.) permits and, in fact, encourages when President and Mrs. Eisenhower held a strip mining in the Western states and (b) save oil and money and lives. state dinner to honor Speaker of the House has provisions to restore the strip-mined land What they concluded should be mean­ Sam Rayburn, Barnee was asked to play. to agriculture, pastureland, etc. It is essential ingful to most Americans: Not only was this unprecedented, it was that the coal mining companies be forced On any scale the benefits of a clean, inex­ amazingly bi-partisan. It was common to pay for the rehabilitation, and that the pensive, and inexhaustible domestic fuel far knowledge that Barnee used to play piano money for this be put in escrow while the outweigh the possible risks. duets with President Truman, and had per­ mining goes on. It does not seem necessary We can see no reasonable alternative to an formed for all of Mr. Truman's birthday to me to restore the original contours of increased use of nuclear power to satisfy our parties. the land, except if this is essential for proper energy needs. But Ike invited him anyway, and the even­ drainage. ing was a great success, even for Mr. Sam, It is essential that procedures for leasing It is fair to say that the bad news whose ear for music was not perhaps as keen Federal coal lands be streamlined, and that travels fast and that outrage, violence as it might have been. The Speaker of the such leasing start immediately. and innuendo make for better show busi­ House grudgingly conceded that he had en­ 2. On nuclear energy, procedures for siting energy facilities, in the nuclear case mostly ness than the reasoned arguments of joyed the performance because, as he said, competent authorities. Barnee gave no encores." power plants, must be streamlined. One of the worst features of the present procedure For whatever reason, the pronuclear is that every new power plant involves pro­ scientists did not receive much coverage OIL IMPORT TAX tracted hearings with intervenors. As you over the airwaves or in the printed press. probably know, Ralph Nader has founded a For that reason, and because Congress group called "National Intervenors" who are devoted to blocking each nuclear power should not be denied their side, I include HON. JOHN M. MURPHY plant individually. Would it be possible to the scientists' statement with my OF NEW YORK pass a law that objections against a given remarks: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES type of reactor can be raised only once, at a SCIENTISTS' STATEMENT ON ENERGY POLICY Friday, January 31, 1975 general, nationwide procedure? If a reactor WASHINGTON, D.C., January 16.-We, as of this type is then to be placed in a given scientists and citizens of the United States, Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. site, objections can only be raised on the believe that the Republic is in the most Speaker, regarding the vote soon to be grounds of specific features of the site, such serious situation since World War II. Today's taken on the resolution concerning Pres­ as close proximity to a major population energy crisis is not a matter of just a few ident Ford's oil import tax, I would insert center, or exceptional scenic beauty. Objec­ years but of decades. It is the new and pre­ tions to the reactor as such would be out of dominant fact of life in industrialized at this point in the RECORD, statements order. that offer positive alternatives the societies. to A second important piece of legislation The high price of oil which we must now negative and unfair taxation approach would be the extension of the Price-Ander­ import in order to keep Americans at their of the administration. son Act, if possible with some improvements. jobs threatens our economic structure­ Because of his world renown, I ask for As you know, the probability of a nuclear indeed, that of the Western World. Energy is and received the counsel of Hans Bethe, accident is very small, as shown in detail in the lifeblood of all modern societies and they professor of theoretical physics and a the AEC Report WASH-1400 by Professor are currently held hostage by a price struc­ Rasmussen and collaborators. According to ture that they are powerless to influence. member of the Laboratory of Nuclear this report, once we have 100 operating nu­ Studies at Cornell University, N.Y., con­ In the next three to five years conservation clear plants, there is a chance that once in is essentially the only energy option. We can cerning our energy crisis. 2000 years an accident occurs which causes and we must use energy and existing sources Dr. Bethe stressed three goals of material damage in excess of one billion dollars. (The danger to life, on the other more intelligently. But there must also be "greatest urgency." These goals are: long range realistic plans and we deplore the First, doubling coal production in 10 hand, is very small; the same type of acci­ dent is estimated to cause about 10 fatali­ fact that they are developing so slowly. We years; second, cutting the redtape slow­ ties.) A damage potential of a billion dollars also deplore the fact that the public is given ing nuclear-electric stations; and third, or more presents difficulties for the private unrealistic assurances that there are easy underwriting crash programs for syn­ insurance industry, even if the probability solutions. There are many interesting pro­ thetic gas from coal, and oil from shale. is very small. Therefore, the Price-Anderson posals for alternative energy sources which Dr. Bethe waves no magic wands, but bill provides Federal insurance against nu­ deserve vigorous research effort, but none of he leaves no doubt that such efforts will clear accidents, but it is scheduled to expire them is likely to contribute significantly to be rewarding in a few years and that very soon. Perhaps the Federal government our energy supply in this century. conservation is a necessary interim must. could insure against damage above 1 billion Conservation, while urgently necessary and dollars if such ever occurs in a nuclear acci­ highly desirable, also has its price. One man's I am most persuaded by the views of dent. Lesser damage would be covered by conservation may be another man's loss o! this famous scientist whose efforts on private insurers. The risk for the govern­ job. Conservation, the first time around, can behalf of mankind have earned the ment would be small; with a chance of 1 in trim off fat, but the second time will cut Nobel Prize in physics, 1967, the AEC's 2000 years, the annual risk would be only deeply. Enrico Fermi Award, 1961, the Max 500,000 dollars. When we search for domestic energy Planck Medal, 1953, and the Presidential Most important, though not calling for sources to substitute for imported oil, we Medal of Merit, 1946. specific legislation, is to resist attempts to must look at the whole picture. If we look Because of my own abhorrence of curtail the further use and development of at each possible energy source separately, we punative taxation and rationing, I am nuclear power. In a time of energy emer­ can easily find fault with each of them, and especially grateful for Dr. Bethe's posi­ gency we simply cannot afford such cur­ rule out each one. Clearly, this would mean tive prescription for increasing energy tailment. the end of our civilization as we know it. JanuaTy 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2007 Our domestic oil reserves are running down Richard H. Chamberlain-chairman, De­ missioner's report for fiscal year 1973 and the deficit can only partially be replaced partment of Radiology, University of Penn­ gives this breakdown of Federal tax by the new sources in Alaska; we must, in sylvania. addition, permit off-shore exploration. Nat­ Cyril L. Comar-chairman, Department ot collected. ural gas is in a similar critical condition; 1n Physical Biology, Cornell UniversltyA Of the $237 billion collected-corpor­ the last seven years new discoveries have run Arthur Ka.ntrowitz-AVCO-Everett Re­ ations paid $39 billion, while individual far below our level of gas consumption. Only search Laboratory. and employment taxes accounted for $177 with strong measures could we hope to re­ Ralph E. Lapp-Energy Consultant, Alex, billion. Personal income taxes were near­ verse this trend. andria, Va. ly 75 percent of the total Federal rev­ We shall have to make much greater use Joshua Lederberg :L-Department of Genet­ enues collected in fiscal year 1973. Cor­ of solid fuels. Here coal and uranium are the ics, Stanford University. porations paid little more than 15 per­ most important options. This represents a Willard F. Libby :~-Department of Chem­ profound change in the character of the istry, University of Dalifornia., Los Angeles. cent of the entire taxload. The multi­ American fuel economy. The nation has truly Franklin A. Long-center for Science, national oil companies, whose tax base is great reserves of these solid fuels in the Technology and Society, Cornell University. significantly diminished because of the earth. Our economically recoverable coal re­ Edwin M. McMillan :~-Director, Lawrence existence of the oil depletion allowance serves are estimated to be 250 blllion tons Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif. and the foreign tax credit writeoff greatly and exceed the energy of the world's total oil Kenneth S. Pitzer-Dept. of Chemistry, contribute t<' this disproportionate tax­ reserves. Our known uranium ores poten­ University of Calif., Berkeley, Calif. tially equal the energy of 6,000 blllion tons load. Edward M. Purcellt_Dept. of Physics, I believe it is now time for Congress of coal; lower grade ore promises even more Harvard University. abundance. I. I. Ra.bit_Professor of Physics, Emeritus, to expand and embrace a more compre­ The U.S. choice is not coal or uranium; Columbia University. hensive and far-reaching tax reform we need both. Coal is irreplaceable as the Norman Rasmussen-Dept. of Nuclear En­ package-a substantive but fair revision basis of new synthetic fuels to replace oil gineering, Mass. Institute of Technology. of our present taxing laws that will in­ and natural gas. Roger Revelle-Director, Harvard Center clude such provisions as: However, we see the primary use of solid for Population Studies. Fh·st, a review and possibly a read­ fuels, especially of uranium, as a source of Glenn T. 8ea.borg :~-Associate Director, electricity. Uranium power, the culmination justment of the social security tax laws. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. The current application of these laws of basic discoveries in physics, is an engi­ Fredrick Seltz-President, Rockefeller Uni­ neered reality generating electricity today. versity. hits low- and middle-income families the Nuclear power has its critics, but we believe Edward Teller-Lawrence Livermore Lab­ hardest; they lack perspective as to the feasibility of oratory, Livermore, Calif. Second, the provision of tax credits for non-nuclear power sources and the gravity James A. Van Allen-Chairman, Dept. of home; condominium improvements, es­ of the fuel crisis. Physics, University of Iowa. All energy release involve risks and nuclear pecially those which promote energy con­ power is certainly no exception. The safety Warren Weaver-Mathematician, New servation such as solar energy equipment Milford, Conn. and insulation; of civilian nuclear power has been under Alvin Weinberg-Former Director, O.ak public survelllance without parallel in the Ridge National Laboratory. Third, the provision of tax allowances history of technology. As in any new tech­ Victor F. Weisskopf-Department of Phy­ for child care services for working par­ nology there is a learning period. Contrary to ents, A nonworking adult does not gen­ the scare publicity given to some mistakes sics, Mass. Institute of Technology. that have occurred, no appreciable amount Edward Wenk, Jr.-Dlrector, Program in erate a single tax dollar for the Govern­ of radioactive material has escaped from any Social Management Tech., U. of Washington. ment; and commercial U.S. power reactor. We have con­ Eugene Wigner ]._Professor of Theoretical Fourth, retirement and income credit fidence that technical ingenuity and care in Physics, Princeton University. updating for Federal and public em­ Richard Wilson-Department of Physics, operation can continue to improve the safety ployees who do not have social ~ecurity in all phases of the nuclear power program, Harvard University. exemptions. including the difficult areas of transportation Mr. Speaker, taxes are never easy. No and nuclear waste disposal. The separation of the Atomic Energy Commission into the matter what, taxes will have to be paid Energy Research and Development Adminis­ TAX REFORM by someone. Our aim must be to make tration and the Nuclear Regulatory Com­ ow· tax burden more fair and just. mission provides added reassurance for real­ istic management of potential risks and HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN benefits. On any scale the benefits of a. clean, OF FLORIDA inexpensive, and inexhaustible domestic fuel IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EMERGENCY HOMEOWNERS' RE­ far outweigh the possible risks. LIEF ACT SPONSORED BY 85 We can see no reasonable alternative to an Friday, January 31, 1975 increased use of nuclear power to satisfy our MEMBERS energy needs. Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, a tax cut Many of us have worked for a long time this year would provide some relief for on energy problems and therefore we feel the our troubled economy and could help HON. THOMAS L. ASHLEY responsibllity to speak out. The energy fam­ ease the pressures so many of our citizens OF OHIO ine that threatens w1ll require many sacri­ are now experiencing. The danger, how­ fices on the part of the American people, but ever, lies in the fact that in our rush to IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES these will be reduced if we marshall the enact a basically one-shot tax cut, as Friday, January 31, 1975 huge scientific and technical resources of proposed by the President, we may well our country to improve the use of known Mr. ASHLEY. Mr. Speaker, on Janu­ energy sources. achieve only limited and short term suc­ ary 14 I introduced H.R. 34, the Emer­ Signed by: cess. Our tax system mandates the nec­ gency Homeowners' Relief Act, designed Hans Bethe ]._Organizing Chairman; Cor­ essary legislation to overhaul and correct to establish a temporary program of nell University Laboratory of Nuclear Stud­ existing inequities in the entire system. Federal assistance with mortgage pay­ ies. Mr. Speaker, people are more willing to ments for homeowners faced with fore­ Luis Alvarez ]._Lawrence Radiation Lab­ pay their share of the tax burden if it is closure because they have lost their jobs oratory, Berkeley, Calif. evenly applied. Equality of the tax load Peter Auer-Laboratory of Plasma Studies, or a significant part of their income dur­ Cornell University. does not exist under our present tax ing the current economic slump. This leg­ William 0. Baker-President, Bell Tele­ structure. As a result of shelters and islation is among the emergency hous­ phone Laboratories. other legal loopholes, some pay relatively ing proposals in the Democratic action John Ba.rdeen ]._Department of Physics, little tax in proportion to their income. program, and I am pleased to l'eintro­ University of Illinois. Large corporations can not claim a major duce it today with 84 of my colleagues as Robert F. Bacher-Department of Physics, share of the tax bite. Thirty years ago, cosponsors. California Institute of Technology. corporations paid nearly $4.8 billion to Felix Bloch t_Department of Physics, As unemployment continues to climb, Stanford University. the Federal Government. Individual in­ the number of seriously delinquent hous­ Norris E. Bradbury-Former Director, Los come taxes amounted to over $8 billion ing loans is at a near record rate and Alamos Scientific Laboratory. in Government revenues. The ms Com- rising, and it is estimated that as many Harold Brown-President, California In­ as half a million families could be fac­ stitute of Technology. 1 Nobel Prize in Physics. ing the loss of their homes by mid-year :~Nobel Prize in Chemistry. without some form of relief. Footnotes at end of article. 3 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. We have created an emergency public 2008 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS JanuaTy 31, 1975 service jobs program and approved ex­ Mr. MOORHEAD of California, Mr. MOOR­ peace of mind, and to move about as tended unemployment benefits to help HEAD of Pennsylvania, Mr. MURPHY of freely as men. those Americans most seriously hit by New York, Mr. NEAL, Mr. NEDZI, Mr. The text of the Rape Prevention and loss of income as the economy declines. NICHOLS, Mr. NIX, Mr. O'HARA, Mr. PAT­ Control Act follows: The largest financial obligation borne by MAN, Mr. REES, Mr. RIEGLE, Mr. RISEN­ H.R. 2303 many of these individuals is their month­ HOOVER, Mr. RosENTHAL, Mr. RoYBAL, Mr. A bill to establish a National Center for the ly mortgage payment, a bill which in­ RYAN, Mr. ST GERMAIN, Mr. SEIBERLING, Prevention and Control of Rape and pro­ creasing numbers of homeowners are Mr. SIMON, Mr. SrsK, Mr. SoLARZ, Mrs. vide financial assistance for a research and finding it difiicult to pay without a full­ SPELLMAN, Mr. STARK, Mr. STEPHENS, Mr. demonstration program into the causes, time job. The legislation I am sponsoring STOKES, Mr. STRATTON, Mr. STUDDS, Mrs. consequences, prevention, treatment, and is designed to protect these people's hard­ SULLIVAN, Mr. THOMPSON, Mr. TRAXLER, control of rape earned equity until the economy recovers Mr. VANDERVEEN, Mr. VIGORITO, Mr. WIL­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of and the jobless return to work. SON of California, and Mr. WRIGHT. Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act The Emergency Homeowners' Relief may be cited as the "Rape Prevention and Act authorizes and directs the Secretary Control Act". of Housing and Urban Development to N .o\TIONAL CENTER FOR CONTROL AND PREVENTION defray mortgage payments for such dis­ RAPE PREVENTION AND OF RAPE tressed homeowners until they are able to CONTROL ACT SEC. 2. Section 11 of the National Mental reassume their own obligations. These Health Act (63 Stat. 421) is amended by in­ are to be regarded as repayable loans, serting the subse<:tion designation " (a) " im­ and the Secretary will be responsible for Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke mediately before the first sentence and by OF CALIFORNIA adding at the end thereof the following new determining which homeowners are subsections: threatened with foreclosure and have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "(b) (1) The Secretary of Health, Educa­ reasonable prospects of eventually reim­ Friday, January 31, 1975 tion, and Welfare (hereinafter referred to as bursing the Government for all financial the •secretary') shall establish within the assistance received. The Secretary is em­ Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. National Institute of Mental Health a center powered to establish a revolving fund for Speaker, rape is one of this Nation's fast­ to be known as the National Center for the purposes of carrying out this act, and he est growing and least understood crimes. Control and Prevention of R8,pe (hereinafter is also given responsibility to set terms According to the 1973 Uniform Crime referred to as the 'Center) . of repayment of the loans. The maximum Report released by the FBI in August "(2) The Secretary, acting through the duration for relief payments for one fam­ 1974 over 51,000 women were the victims Center, shall conduct a continuing study ily is 2 years. of rape. This represents a 9 percent in­ and investigation of- crease over 1972. The skyroc~eting inci­ "(A) the effectiveness of existing Federal, Mr. Speaker, I believe that it is incum­ State, and local laws dealing with rape; bent upon the Federal Government to dence of reported rapes, the inadequacy of current rape laws, the indignities "(B) the relationship, if any, between tra­ create this kind of temporary program to ditional legal and social attitudes toward ease the threat to the principal financial often experienced by rape victims, and sexual roles, the act of rape, and the formu­ investment of many thousands of Ameri­ the low rate of rape convictions all point lation of laws dealing with rape; can families. With unemployment rising, to the need for a national rape preven­ "(C) the treatment of the victims of rape industrial production declining, and most tion effort. by law enforcement agencies, hospitals, or other economic indicators depressed at In the 93d Congress I introduced leg­ other medical institutions, prosecutors, and this time, the country can ill afford a islation to establish the National Center the courts; sharp upswing in mortgage foreclosures. for the Prevention and Control of Rape. "(D) the causes of rape, identifying to the This special center, to be located within degree possible- The Emergency Homeowners' Relief the National Institute of Mental Health, "(i) social conditions which encourage sex­ Act is a necessary and timely response would be responsible for financing and ual attacks; to the threat of dislocation and tragedy conducting research and demonstration "(ii) motivations of offenders, and for unknown numbers of American programs into the causes, consequences, "(iii) the impact of the offense on the vic­ households in the months ahead. For prevention, treatment, and control of tim and the families of the victim; those individuals who have already fallen rape. It would focus national attention "(E) sexual assaults in correctional insti­ behind with their monthly mortgage on the growing threat of rape in the life tutions; payments, help may come too late if we of every American woman. Moreover, the "(C) the treatment of the victims of rape do not act now. I intend to press for early National Center, in conjunction with the as compared to the reported cases and the action on this measure, and I am grati­ reasons therefor; and Justice Department, would study the "(G) the effectiveness of existing private, fied to have the support of so many of rape laws themselves as well as the pro­ my colleagues in this endeavor. and local and State government, education cedures surrounding the enforcement of and counseling programs designed to prevent Members joining me in sponsoring this those laws with the goals of determining and control rape. legislation are Ms. ABZUG, Mr. ADDABBO, the reasons for the low rate of rape con­ "(c) It shall be the duty of the Center to­ Mr. AllrmRO, Mr. .ANNuNziO, Mr. BADILLO, viction and drafting a model rape law. •• ( 1) compile, analyze, and publish and Mr. BIAGGI, Mrs. BoGGS, Mr. BOWEN, Mr. The provisions of the Rape Prevention annually submit, through the Secretary, to BRADEMAS, Mr. BRODHEAD, Mr. BROWN of and Control Act were included as title Congress a summary of the continuing study California, Mr. CARNEY, Mr. CARR, Mr. VIII conducted under subsection (b) and the of the Health Revenue Sharing and research and demonstration projects con­ CARTER, Mrs. CmsHOLM, Mr. CLAY, Mrs. Health Services Act, which passed both ducted under section 3 with recommenda­ COLLINS, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. DIGGS, Mr. the House and the Senate in late 1974. tions where appropriate; DRINAN, Mr. DuNcAN of Oregon, Mr. ED­ The bill was, however, pocket vetoed by "(2) develop and maintain an information WARDS of California, Mr. EILBERG, Mr. President Ford while Congress was ad­ clearinghouse with regard to- FAUNTROY, Mr. FLOOD, Mr. FORD of Ten­ journed. .. (A) the prevention and control of rape; I am reintroducing this legislation to­ "(B) the treatment and counseling of the nessee, Mr. FRAsER, Mr. FuLTON, Mr. victims of rape and their families; and FuQUA, Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. day with the hope that Congress will "(C) the rehabilitation of offenders; HAYS of Ohio, Mr. HECHLER of West again take positive action and enact this .. (3) compile and publish training mate­ Virginia, Mr. HELSTOSKX, Mr. Hl:CKS, bill into law this session. This legislation rials for personnel who are engaged or in­ Ms. HOLTZMAN, Mr. JENRETTE, Mr. will help our Nation move toward a more tend to engage in programs designed to pre­ JoNES of North Carolina, Mrs. JoRDAN, respOnsible, more human system for vent and control rape. dealing with rape victims and a more " (d) For the purposes of carrying out the Mr. KA.RTH, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. LEHMAN, provisions of subsections (b) and (c) of this Mr. LEvrrAS, Mr. MAGUIRE, Mr. MATinS, effective law for dealing with the perpe­ section there are authorized to be appropri­ Mr. METCALFE, Mr. MEZVINSKY, Mr. MI­ trators of this crime. It would help us at ed such sums as may be necessary. NETA, Mr. MITCHELL of New York, Mr. move toward adequately protecting " (e) Funds available to any department MITCHELL of Maryland, Mr. MoAKLEY, women's rights to physical security, to or agency of the Government for research February 3, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 2009

and development for the prevention and con­ "PART G-RAPE PREVENTION "{c) There are authorized to be appro­ trol of rape shall be available for transfer "SEc. 281. (a) The Secretary, through the priated for carrying out the purposes of this with the approval of the head of the de­ National Center for the Control a.nd Preven­ part such sums a.s may be necessary. partment or agency involved, in whole or tion of Rape, shall make grants to commu­ ''ADVISORY COMMITTEE in part, to the Center for such use a.s is con­ nity mental health centers, nonprofit pri­ sistent for the purposes for which such funds vate organizations, and public agencies (de­ "SEc. 282. (a.) The Secretary shall estab­ were provided, and funds so transferred shall termined by the Secretary to be qualified), lish a.n advisory committee to advise, consuit be expendable by the Center for the purposes for the purpose of conducting research and with, and make recommendations to him on for which the transfer was made. demonstration projects concerning the con­ matters relating to rape prevention and con­ "(f) For the purpose of this section and trol and prevention of rape. trol. section 281 of the Community Mental Health "(b) Projects funded under subsection "(b) The provisions relating to the com­ Centers Act 'rape' shall include forcible, stat­ (a) shall include but not be limited to- position, terms of omce, and reappointment utory, and attempted rape, homosexual as­ "(1) alternative methods of planning, de­ of members of the advisory councils under saults, and other criminal sexual assaults.". veloping, implementing, and evaluating pro­ section 432 (a) of the Public Health Service grams used in the prevention and control RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS of rape, the treatment and counseling of vic­ Act shall be applicable to the committee es­ SEc. 3. The Community Mental Health Cen­ tims of rape and their families, and the tablished under this section, except that the ters Act (42 U.S.C. 2681) is amended by rehabilitation of offenders; Secretary may include on such committee adding at the end thereof the following "(2) application of methods developed such additional ex omcio members as he new part: under paragraph ( 1) • deeins necessary."

SENATE--Monday, February 3, 1975 The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian mittees be authorized to .meet during the ORDER OF BUSINESS and was called to order by the Vice session of the Senate today. Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, President. The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob- I yield back the remainder of my time jection, it is so ordered. under the order. PRAYER The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the act­ ing minority leader seek recognition? The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward LEAVE OF ABSENCE L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following Mr. DOMENICI. I do not, at this time, prayer: MI·. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, Mr. President. 0 Lord of all life, God of our creation Mr. MANsFmLD will be officially absent The VICE PRESIDENT. Pursuant to and redemption, grant unto us a full today. Therefore, I ask unanimous con­ the previous order, the Senator from measure of Thy grace as we undertake sent, in accordance with rule V of the Maryland is recognized for not to exceed the tasks of a new week. Undergird each Standing Rules of the Senate, that the 15 minutes. of us who labor in the Halls of Govern­ distinguished majority leader be granted ment that we may be men and women a leave of absence during the session "for others,'' ever mindful of Him who today. worked with saw and hammer, who The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob­ FORCED BUSING OF taught and healed, who took the towel jection, it is so ordered. SCHOOLCHILDREN and wiped His disciples' feet, forever Mr. BEALL. Mr. President, last year showing us the way of humility and serv­ Congress on a number of occasions de­ ice. In tasks great and small may we live ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT bated the busing issue, and undoubtedly in the spirit of His example certain that this issue will again be before the Con­ whoever "is greatest among you shall be Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, gress this year. your servant." So serving may we lift I ask unanimous consent that when the Unfortunately, the debates on the is­ the life of the Nation and do all things Senate completes its business today, it sue thus far have produced a conSider­ to Thy glory. stand in adjournment until 12 noon to­ able amount of heat, but very little light. We pray in the Redeemer's name. morrow. The ugly headlines coming from Bos­ Amen. The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob­ ton almost daily remind us of the strong jection, it is so ordered. opposition that our citizens have to