Report on the Review of Vancouver Police Department (Vpd) Jail
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REPORT ON THE REVIEW OF VANCOUVER POLICE DEPARTMENT (VPD) JAIL Policies and Procedures, Training, Leadership and Supervision FEBRUARY 2020 Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Public Safety and Solicitor General, Policing and Security Branch Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Glossary of Terms.......................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 6 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................................ 6 1.2 Section 42 of the BC Police Act – Studies by Director ........................................................................ 6 1.3 Methodology ...................................................................................................................................... 7 2. The VPD Jail .............................................................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Organizational structure .................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Context ............................................................................................................................................... 8 3. Data on VPD Jail complaints, use of force and reportable injuries .......................................................... 9 3.1 Complaint data ................................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 Use-of-force data ............................................................................................................................. 10 3.3 Reportable injury data ..................................................................................................................... 12 4. Findings .................................................................................................................................................. 13 4.1 Supervision, staffing and reporting structure .................................................................................. 13 Supervision .......................................................................................................................................... 13 Staffing ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Sergeants............................................................................................................................................. 14 Supervision processes ......................................................................................................................... 15 Recommendations: ............................................................................................................................. 15 4.2 Physical environment & facilities ..................................................................................................... 15 Restraint equipment ........................................................................................................................... 17 Recommendations: ............................................................................................................................. 17 4.3 Employee health and wellness ......................................................................................................... 17 Recommendations: ............................................................................................................................. 18 4.4 Policy and procedures ...................................................................................................................... 19 Recommendations: ............................................................................................................................. 20 4.5 Training ............................................................................................................................................ 20 4.5.1 SMC basic training program ...................................................................................................... 21 4.5.2 Refresher training ..................................................................................................................... 22 4.5.3 Jail Sergeant training ................................................................................................................. 24 4.5.4 Issues regarding training ........................................................................................................... 24 Recommendations: ............................................................................................................................. 29 4.6 Other accountability mechanisms ................................................................................................... 29 4.6.1 Ongoing monitoring of complaints, SBOR and Reportable Injuries .......................................... 29 4.6.2 Early Intervention Program ....................................................................................................... 30 4.6.3 Video ......................................................................................................................................... 31 Recommendations: ............................................................................................................................. 31 5. Conclusion and Recommendations ........................................................................................................ 32 Recommendations .................................................................................................................................. 32 Appendix 1: Terms of Reference ................................................................................................................. 35 Appendix 2: The Provincial Learning Strategy ............................................................................................ 38 Executive Summary In May 2019, the Director of Police Services (the “Director”) initiated a review of the Vancouver Police Department (VPD) Jail, under the authority of s. 42 of the Police Act. The review was in response to concerns raised by the Police Complaint Commissioner (PCC) in an August 2018 letter, in which the PCC recommended that the Director initiate a review, study or audit to assist the VPD to develop training or other programs to prevent recurrence of excessive use of force in the Vancouver Jail (the “Jail”). In September 2018 the Director wrote to the Chair of the Vancouver Police Board to ensure that the Board was aware of the PCC’s concerns, and to invite any information that may assist the Director in considering the PCC’s request. In October 2018, the Chair of the Vancouver Police Board responded to the Director outlining the actions that had been taken. Notwithstanding the Board’s response, the Director determined that the issues raised by the PCC warranted further examination by the office of the Director. The purpose of the Director’s review was to verify the actions taken by the VPD and Vancouver Police Board in response to the concerns outlined in the PCC’s August 2018 letter, and to identify any additional changes to policies and procedures, training, and leadership and supervision within the Vancouver Jail that could be recommended to further enhance the prevention of excessive use of force. The review team consisted of members of the Director’s staff of the Policing and Security Branch, and a consultant, Mr. Bert Phipps. The review team’s activities were conducted between June and December 2019. The principal methodologies used in this review were interviews with Jail staff, review of documents, on-site visits and data analysis. The review of written documents included: the VPD Jail Manual of Operations (JMO), the VPD Regulations and Procedures Manual (RPM), and various training materials and records. Data was analyzed regarding VPD Jail use-of-force reports, and Jail complaints and injuries that had been reported to the Office of the Police Complaint Commissioner (OPCC). Throughout this assignment, the review team received cooperation and support from staff at all levels of the VPD Jail, both current and former. Their commitment to the continuous improvement of the Jail was demonstrated on numerous occasions and the review team was grateful for their assistance. Overall, the review team found that many substantive changes have been implemented at the Jail in the last two years, across a broad range of areas, such as supervision, physical environment, training, and policy and procedures. The review team also identified additional changes to recommend in some of these areas. Supervision The leadership at the Jail has changed significantly since 2017 with the appointments of some emerging leaders to the positions of the Court and Detention Services Section (CDSS) Inspector and Staff Sergeant. This, as well as changes implemented to other aspects of the supervision and reporting structure, is changing the Jail environment itself and the wider Page | 1 perception of working at