19038 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 of Consumer Affairs within the Securities H.R. 13885. May 19, 1976. Ways and Means. authority of the States to regulate terminal and Exchange Commission. Specifies the Amends the Internal Revenue Code to in­ and station equipment used for telephone duties of such Division. crease the estate tax exemption, and to in­ exchange service. Requires the Federal Com­ H.R. 13878.-May 18, 1976. Interstate and crease the estate tax marital deduction. munications Commission to make specified Foreign Commerce. Authorizes the Secretary Permits the executor of an estate to elect findings in connection with Commission ac­ of Commerce to assist the Lake Placid 1980 an alternate valuation of certain lands used tions authorizing specialized carriers. Olympic Games, Inc. or any appropriate pub­ for farming, woodland or scenic open space. H.R. 13894. May 19, 1976. Interstate and lic authority in planning, designing, or con­ H.R. 13886. May 19, 1976. Ways and Means. Foreign Commerce. Rettffirms the intent of structing the permanent sports facilities nec­ Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United Congress with respect to the structure of the essary for the 13th winter Olympic games. States to increase for a five-year period the common carrier telecommunications industry Authorizes appropriations of sums neces­ customs duty on certain hand tools. rendering services in interstate and foreign sary to carry out this Act. H.R. 13887. May 19, 1976. Ways and Means. commerce. Reaffirms the authority of the H.R. 13879.-May 18, 1976. Banking, Cur­ Amends the Social Security Act to authorize States to regulate terminal and station equip­ rency and Housing. Amends the National payment under the Medicare program for ment used for telephone exchange service. Housing Act to extend and modify provisions specified services performed by chiropractors, Requires the Federal Communications Com­ relating to Federal expenditures to correct including X-rays, and physical examination, mission to make spec11led findings in con­ or compensate for structural defects present and related routine laboratory tests. nection with Commission actions authoriz­ in homes purchased with federally insured H.R. 13888. May 19, 1976. Ways and Means. ing specialized carriers. mortgages. Amends the Medicare program of the Social H.R. 13895. May 19, 1976. Judiciary. Re­ H.R. 13880.-May 18, 1976. Interstate and Security Act to authorize payment for the places Federal criminal statutory provisions Foreign Commerce. Reaffirms the intent of service of clinical psychologists under the penalizing "rape" and "carnal knowledge of Congress with respect to the structure of the supplementary medical insurance program. females under 16" with provisions penalizing common carrier telecommunications industry H.R. 13889. May 19, 1976. Ways and Means. "seXUal assault." Designates guilty of sexual rendering services in interstate and foreign Amends the Social Security Act by including assault any person who knowingly engages commerce. Grants additional authority to the the services of optometrists under the Medi­ in sexual contact or penetration of another Federal Communications Commission to au­ care supplementary medical insurance pro­ person without such person's consent. thorize mergers of carriers when deemed to gram. H.R. 13896. May 19, 1976. Interior and In­ be in the public interest. Reaffirms the au­ H.R. 13890. May 19, 1976. Ways and Means. sular A1!1a1rs. Directs the Secretary of Agri­ thority of the States to regulate terminal and Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow culture to review for suitability as wilderness station equipment used for telephone ex­ as a credit against the personal income tax specified lands in the Sam Houston National change service. Requires the Federal Com­ an amount equal to a specified percentage of Forest, the Saline National Forest, and the munications Commission to make spec11led the rental payments made by a tax payer Davy Orockett National Forest, Texas. findings in connection with Commission ac­ for his principal residence. H.R. 13897. May 19, 1976. Interstate and tions authorizing specialized carriers. H.R. 13891. May 19, 1976. Post Office and Foreign Commerce. Repeals the regulation H.R. 13881. May 18, 1976. Judiciary. In­ Civil Service. Revises the regulatory and In­ promulgated by the Federal Trade Commis­ creases the salaries of justices, judges, and vestigatory powers of the Civil Service Com­ sion which subjects purchasers of notes of other judicial officers of the United States. mission and the General Accounting Office. consumers to defenses such consumers have H.R. 13882. May 19, 1976. Ways and Means. Requires any Federal officers or employee against the seller of goods or services to whom Amends the Medicare program of the Social who takes, directs others to take, recom­ such consumer issued such note, and pro­ Security Act to authorize payment for the mends or approves any personnel action to hibits holder 1n due course protection for service of clinical psychologists under the do so solely on the basis of merit. Prohibits, such purchasers. Prohibits the Commission supplementary medical insurance benefits with llmited exceptions, the soUcltation ot. from repromulgating such a rule in the program of the Medicare program. and submission of recommendations by, any future~ H.R. 13883. May 19, 1976. Merchant Marine individual or organization. H.R. 13898. May 19, 1976. Ways and Means. and Fisheries. Amends the Marine Ma.mnlal Revises provisions relating to disciplinary Amends the Tari1f Schedules of the United Protection Act of 1972 to modify regulations actions against Federal employees and the states ( 1) to reorganize the clas.si:fication with respect to the taking of m8irine mam­ procedural rights of employees against whom of certa.in. iron or steel pipes and tubes, and mals incidental to commercial fishing. disciplinary actions are being sought. blanks therefor, and (2) to revise the cus­ Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to ban Establishes the Board on Pedeml Employ­ toms duties imposed on suc.h products. the importation of commercial fish or fish ee Appeals to review discriminatory com­ H.R. 13899. May 19, 1976. Judiciary, Delays products which have been caught with tech­ plaints. the effective date of specified rules and nology which results in the death or serious H.R. 13892. May 19, 1976. Post Office and 8/mendments to the Federal Rules of Criminal injury of ocean mammals in excess of United Civil Service. Requires the United states Procedure promulgated by the Supreme States standards. Postal Service to hold a public hearing prior Court. H.R. 13884. May 19, 1976. Post Office and to closing any post office. H.R. 13900. May 19, 1976. Education and Civil Service. Amends the Postal Reorganiza­ Lists factors which the Postal Service must Labar; Post Office and Civil Service. Amends tion Act to direct the United States Postal consider and evaluate in making a deter­ the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 to Service to hold a public hearing prior to mination with respect to any such closing. provide for the convening of Arbitration deciding whether to close or consolidate any H.R. 13893. May 19, 1976. Interstate and Panels to resolve complaints that handi­ post office. Foreign Commerce. Reaffirms the intent of capped individuals have been discriminated Permits any person served by any post of­ Congress with respect to the structure of the against in hiring by any Federal agency, Fed­ fice which the Postal Service has decided to common carrier telecommunications industry eral contractor, or program receiving Fed­ close or consolidate to appeal such decision rendering services in iillterstate and foreign eral financial assistance. to any court of appeals of the United States. commerce. Grants additional authority to Establishes within the Department of Empowers a court of appeals to set aside the Federal Communications Commission to Health, Educa.tion, and Welfare an office to or affirm an appealed determination but pro­ authorize mergers of carriers when deemed assist handicapped individuals in obtaining hibits the court from modifying it. to be in the public interest. Reaffirms the employment.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A TRIDUTE TO WEBSTER L. six children-but he has not neglected and learning vocabulary words from a blue WALKER his own education. Commencement 1976 back speller he still owns. This past Sun­ is just that for Webster Walker. He plans day at the age of 88, Walker graduated from Wichita State University with a major in to continue his education and to begin philosophy. HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER work on a master's degree. He is a modest OF KANSAS Not that anyone present at the graduation man but he deserves the congratulations ceremony could have guessed Walker's age. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and plaudits of all of us. ms body is trim, his feet are still nimble, and Thursday, June 17, 1976 Under leave to extend my remal'ks in certainly his wit is death defylngly intact. the RECORD, I include a feature article As sober and meditative as he seems in his Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, Webster from the Wichita Times, published by ripe maturity, it is still not hard to imagine L. Walker, of Wichita, recently earned Mr. Jack Hudson, which discusses the him in a younger, crazier day, as he describes his bachelor's degree from Wichita State achievement of Mr. Walker: himself, yearning to go to a hobo convention, University. Mr. Walker is 88 years young. or agilely maneuvering his body under fast WALKER, AT 88 GRADUATES FROM WSU moving freight trains and atop passenger He knows no generation gap. He provides Eighty years ago, Webster Louverture a good example for young and old alike. cars for a free if precarious ride to Chicago. Walker remembers figuring arithmetic prob­ Those days, Walker is quick to point out, are Mr. Walker worked hard to educate his lems in the dirt of a Mississippi school yard long gone. June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19039 Of more enduring importance to the man California would win by a mile and a quarter. thought of Armageddon gives us the nice are his spiritual and mental journeys via This marvelous part of the country often goose bumps. But the thought of simply books through the great ideas of the past, seems to be populated chiefly by giddy star­ turning on the living room lights is not a and these travels have increased with age. lets, crazy professors, hippies, yippies, food thought that merits time on the evening A Wall Street Journal lies folded on Walker's nuts, nudists, cultists, beach boys and the news. Californians talked the whole thing table as he talks, amid a clutter of other "Sons and Daughters of I will Arise." At any over last week; and they provided a fine books and newspapers, all emblems of the given daylight moment, more people are in example for other states to follow in man's continuing effort to be profoundly their cars than are in their homes. To con­ referenda of their own. aware of what is happening around him. template lunacy, contemplate San Francisco: His desire to be aware of what is happening Nobody in his right mind would have built in the minds of young people today in part a city on these precipitous hills. drove him back to school last September, In view of this cheerful madness, it was UNITED STATES-CUBA HEALTH EX­ after a lapse of twenty years since he was therefore all the more encouraging that CHANGE: CUBA'S AD HOC LOBBY­ forced to interrupt his studies in 1956. "I California's voters last week rejected "Prop­ love young people," Walker says, and it is osition 15" by a margin of two to one. This ISTS easy to believe that his affections would be was a referendum on the future of nuclear reciprocated by them. power. Those who supported the proposition HON. LARRY McDO ALD What else prompted Walker to resume his made no bones about it: Their purpose was own formal education after years of selling to halt the construction of nuclear plants. OF GEORGIA life insurance to put five of his six children Ralph Nader said he would rather see the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through college? Walker is quick to deflect people go back to candles than have their all credit for this rather rare achievement lamps lighted by electricity from nuclear Thursday, June 17, 1976 away from himself, but ascribes his persist­ generation. The proponents painted pathetic Mr. McDONALD. Mr .Speaker, among ence to his strong religious faith. "We run pictures of the horrible risks involved in pro­ those active in propagandizing on behalf the Pronoun 'I' into the ground,'' Walker duction of atomic power. of Fidel castro's regime in this country says, "but I is nothing compared to the being In the fertile fields of California, such hor­ is the United States-Cuba Health Ex­ of God." ror stories are easily rooted. Hereabouts, the The irreligious and materialistic aspects world ends in every public park; apostles of change-US-CHE, whose mailing ad­ of American life Walker frankly indicts, and Armageddon outnumber the purveyors of dress is P.O. Box 342, Planetarium Sta­ although he himself votes, he admits that porn. Somewhere beneath these sunny hills, tion, New York, N.Y. 10024. "the system is rotten." Martin Luther King the San Andreas fault lies sleeping. and the Operating under the clumsy and mean­ is one of his heroes, and the lives of the thought of disaster is seldom far away. The ingless slogan, "CUba-Land of Social­ people oppressed by the system (Blacks, poor opponents of Proposition 15 thus had a for­ ized Health Care, where hospitals are go­ Whites, Indians, and women) one of his chief midable task of talking sense to the people. concerns. It is not surprising, in view of the Thankfully, the opponents did talk sense, ing up instead of closing down," US-CHE fact that his father was a teacher, he him­ and the people listened. Big business teamed provides speakers to leftist activist semi­ self taught for a time, and four of his chil­ with big labor to fight the paranoid environ­ nars and lobbies in Washington to in­ dren teach, that Walker is passionately con­ mentalists. In Sacramento, the legislature fluence administration officials and cerned about the quality of education avail­ helped out by passing three relatively ra­ legislators. able to all children, and especially Black tional acts in the name of atomic safety. children. The US-CHE group is actually run by The opponents mounted a sober, rational its cochairwoman, Margaret Gilpin, a As a counterpoint to his hours spent campaign, and in the final three weeks vir­ thinking and reading, Walker cultivates a tually all of those who had been "undecided" social worker who traveled to CUba on garden: mustard, beans, beets, cabbage, swiss the second Venceremos Brigade con­ chard, okra, watermelons, cucumber, and made a wise decision: They voted "no." The big issue was safety. A neutral tigent. Other US-CHE officers and lettuce; and he raises fish worms for bait. sponsors are drawn largely from the Each day he walks three miles from his home observer, having no predispositions, may be to the Medicenter of America to see his wife inclined to wonder how it got to be an issue ranks of the Medical Committee for Hu­ of sixty years, Allee Walker, who is cared for at all. These nuclear electric power plants man Rights-MCHR, a front group for there. His vigorous physical activity, Walker cannot "blow up" in some holocaustic Marxist physicians, nurses, and others in believes, is one of the reasons for his long atomic explosion. No way. The risk of a the health fields, by the Communist and healthy life. He does not drink or smoke catastrophic "meltdown" is almost im­ Party, U.S.A.-CPUSA, originally to pro­ and never has, and he makes his own medi­ measurably small. The prospect of some vide medical treatment for northern cines. terorists' overpowering the guards and steal­ radicals working in the southern civil What are the new college graduate's plans? ing the fissionable material is demon­ To return to campus as soon as possible this strably absurd; you don't just bust into one rights movement, a considerable num­ summer, in order to start work on a master's of these plants, point a pistol, put plutonium ber of whom developed what may be degree. Like one of his sons, Walker might in a suitcase, and run to a getaway car. delicately termed social diseases. even work toward a doctorate, given time Yes, there is a problem in transporting MCHR soon expanded to provide instant and health to do so. "We never graduate," and disposing of atomic waste, but 1t is not first aid for antiwar rioters in mass dem­ Walker says, with a smile. an insurmountable problem. In any event, onstrations and to organize support the risk to the public health and safety of among the medical profession for the nuclear power is miniscule compared to the risks of pollution that accompany coal and Vietcong, North Vietnamese and Cubans. RENEWED FAITH oil-burning plants. If we are to have elec­ It is also noted that a considerable num­ tric power at all-and how many Americans ber of US-CHE and MCHR supporters truly want to join Mr. Nader in a candle-lit also turn up on the executive of the Na­ HON. BOB WILSON world?-we must assume certain risks. tional Emergency Civil Liberties Com­ OF CALIFORNIA Nothing can be made absolutely safe, but mittee, another Communist front. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on the record, and in the view of thousands Other US-CHE officers besides Ms. of reputable scientists, the nuclear plants Thursday, June 17, 1976 are as close to perfect safety as we are likely Gilpin include Eric Holtzman, cochair­ to get until we harness the wind and the man, a member of Columbia University's Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, un­ biology department; David B. Kimmel­ der the leave to extend my remarks in sun. the REcoRD, I include the following article Other nations know this truth. On the day man, M.D., another U5-CHE cochair­ that Californians were voting on Proposition man, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, from the Mobile Register of June 17, 1976, and now chairman of an MCHR/US­ by James J. Kilpatrick: 15, the Edison Institute was meeting here. Members of the institute heard reports from CHE offshoot, medical aid for Angola; RENEWED FAITH all over. Germany now gets nine per cent of old-time CPUSA recruiter Sidney J. (By James J. Kilpatrick} its electric energy from nuclear plants; by Gluck, treasurer-Gluck, also treasurer SAN FRANCISCO.-NOW and then-not often, the late 1980s, the figure will be 45 per cent. of CPUSA's National Emergency Civil but only now and then-one's simple faith France expects to get 68 per cent of its Liberties Committee, is reported by his in the ultimate wisdom of the people gets re­ power from nuclear plants by 1985. In Japan, affirmed. This faith was pleasantly reaffirmed which might be expected to shudder at the comrades as becoming lazier, more over­ in California a week ago. very idea of atomic fission, almost halt the weight and less active in his responsibil­ It was especially pleasant because you generating capacity will be nuclear by 1990. ities each year; Lottie Gordon, executive rarely expect to encounter common sense in The case in favor of nuclear power suffers secretary; and Lewis M. Fraad, M.D., of Call1'ornia. If you ran a m.ile-and-a-ha.U race from this inescapable handicap: It is not as Albert Einstein College of Medicine, hon­ to determine the looniest state in the Union, sensational as the case against it. The orary chairman. CXXII--1200-Part 15 19040 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS - June 1_7, 1976 US-CHE is among the groups organiz­ Nicholas Cunningham, M.D., Mt. Sinai Bernard Lown, M.D., Harvard Schl. Pub. ing with the Venceremos Brigade and its Schl. of Medicine. Health. Leon Eisenberg, M.D., . Harvard Medical Salvador E. Luria, Ph.D., Nobel Laureate, f committee for July 26 to celebrate Cuba's chief holiday, and the wealthy radical School. Mass. Inst. of Technology. Ruth Calvin Emerson, North Haven, Con­ Eli Messinger, M.D., Med. Comm. for Human physicians and professors are expected necticut. Rights, New York, N.Y. to be putting up a proportion of the David H . Elwyn, Ph.D., Mt. Sinai School of Louis Miller, M.D., New York, N.Y. July 26 expenses. Medicine. Morris R. Mitchell, PhD., Past Pres., Next week on June 24, 1976, us-cHE Frank Ervin, M.D., Harvard Medical School. Friends World Coli. will hold a meeting at the New York Leslie D. Falk, M.D., Meharry Medical Lloyd Motz, PhD., Columbia University. Ethical Culture Society, 2 West 64th School. Fitzhugh Mullan, M.D., Lincoln Hospital, Street, at which those with "health Leon Feinstein, D .D.S., Port Chester, New Bronx, N.Y. curiosity" may hear Milton Terris, M.D., York. Harry K. Nier, Jr., Denver, Colorado. Lewis M. Fraad, M.D., Albert Einstein Coli. Melvin Nemkov, Chicago, Illinois. chairman of the department of commu­ ofMed. Maria New, M.D., New York Hospital. nity and preventive medicine at New D. G. Fraenkel, M.D., Harvard Medical Betty Richardson Nute, M.A., Amer. Friends York Medical College speak on "How School. Service Comm. Cuba Keeps Improving Its System of R. W. M. Frater, M .D., Albert Einstein Coll. William L. Nute, Jr., M.D., New York, N.Y. Free Health Care for Everybody," which ofMed. Leo Orris, M.D., New York, N.Y. perhaps could be better entitled "Veteri- · A. Lisa Fr,iedman, Ph.D., ALFA Mental Hy­ Peter Orris, M.P.H., Chicago, Illinois. nary Medicine for Slave Laborers"; Mar­ giene Ctr., N.J. David Ozonoff, MD., Mass. Inst. of Tech­ garet Gilpin, US-CHE head and member Richard Gardiner, M.D., Chicago, Illinois. nology. Joseph Gennis, M.D., New Rochelle, New George D. Pappas, Ph.D., Albert Einstein of the faculty of the residency program York. Coli. of Med. in social medicine at Montefiore Hos­ Sylvia L. Gennis, M.D., New York, N.Y. Mary Lou Patterson, MD., Lincoln Hos­ pital on "How Cuba's Community Orga­ Margaret Gilpin, ACSW, New York Medical pital, Bronx, N.Y. nizations Bring the Public into Public College, Metropolitan Hospital. Ava Helen Pauling, Portola VaHey, Calif. Health"; and Irwin Kaiser, M.D., of the Sidney J. Gluck, New York, N.Y. Linus Pauling, Ph.D., Nobel Laureate, gyneocology and obstetrics department H. M. Gold, M.D., Mt. Sinai Schl. of Medi­ Portola Valley, Calif. cine. Max Pepper, M.D., St. Louis University. at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, on Rabbi Robert E. Goldberg, Hamden, Con­ "How Cuba Cares for the Health of Wom­ Ellis A. Perlswig, M.D., Yale University. necticut. Malcolm L. Peterson, M.D., Johns Hopkins en: A Revolution in Social Priorities." Archie S. Golden, M.D., Johns Hopkins Med. Instn. Uni_versity. An hour of the meeting will be de­ Ralph E. Peterson, M .D., Cornell Univ. Med­ voted to a question and answer period Robert M. Goldwin, M.D., Harvard Medical ical Coil. School. with "a panel of doctors and health Maria C. Phaneuf, R.N., Wayne State Unl- Carlton B. Goodlett, M.D., San Francisco, versity. workers who have recently visited or Calif. worked in Cuba." These include Evelyn Carolyn Goodman, Ed.D., Albert Einstein William W. Pike, MD., New York, N.Y. Bouden, M.D., pediatrics director, Lin­ con. of Med. Mark Ptashne, PhD., Harvard University. coln Hospital; Desmond Callan, M.D.; Luigi Gorini, Ph.D., Harvard Medical Dominick P. Purpura, M.D., Albert Einstein Sally Guttmacher, Columbia University School. Coli. of Med. anthropologist; Eric Holtzman; David Ralph H. Gundlach, Ph.D., New York Med­ Leonard Radinsky, Ph.D., University of ical College. Chicago. Kimmelman; Eli Messinger, M.D.; Wil­ Alfred H. Rifkin, M.D., New York Medical liam J. Nute, Jr., M.D.; and Manolo Alan F. Guttmacher, M.D., New York, N.Y. . _ College. Verde, "health worker." Helen Rodriguez-Trias, M.D., Lincoln Hos­ Sally Guttmacher, Columbia University. pital, Bronx, N.Y. UB-CHE lists its sponsors as includ­ Joanna F. Haas, M.D., U.C.L.A. School of ing: Public Health. Milton J. Roemer, M.D., Univ. of Calif., Los Angeles. SPONSORS OF U8-CHE Gordon P. Harper, M.D., Children's Hosp. Robert Abramovitz, M.D., Yale Child Study Med. Ctr. Gilbert S. Ross, MD., State Univ. of New York. Center. M. ·Alfred Haynes, M.D., Charles R. Drews - Edmund 0. Rothschild, M.D., Sloan Ket­ Arnold Abrams, Ph.D., Chicago City College. Postgraduate Medical School. tering Institute, Cornell Univ. Medical Coli. Naomi Abrams, Ph.D., Chicago, Illinois. · Hugh B. Hester, Brig. Gen. USA, retired, Diane Altman, M.A., Chicago, Illinois; Lewis P. Rowland, M.D., Hospital of Univ. Asheville, North Carolina. · of Penna. Rev. William T. Baird, United Church of H. Heukelekian, Ph.D., Prof. Emeritus, Robert J. Rutman, Ph.D., Univ. of Pennsyl­ Christ, Northern Calif. Conference. Rutgers Univ. vania. Re'be-cca Baker, R.N., New York, N.Y. · John L. S. Holloman, M ..D., New York, N.Y. Robert V. Sager, M.D., NENA Health Center. Edward K. Barsky, M.D., Beth Israel Hos- John L. Holman, Jr., Billerica, Mass. pital, New York. · ' I. Herbert Scheinberg, M.D., Albert Ein- E:rtc Holtzman, Ph.D., Columbia Univer­ stein Coli. of Med. Emmett W. Bassett, Ph.D., N.J . Coli. of sity. Terry K. Schultz, M.D., Yale University. Med. & Dentistry. Irving N. Holtzman, M.D., N.Y. Univ. Med­ Gerald I. Shapiro, D.M.D., New York, N.Y. I. J. Bernstein, Md., Beth Israel Hospital, ical Center. Victor W. Sidel, M.D., Albert Einstein Con. Newark. Melvin Horwith, M.D., New York Hospital. of Med. · Derk Bodde, Ph.D ., University of Pennsyl­ Jerc.me B. Ilson, Ph.D., Brooklyn, New Ethan Signer, Ph;D., Mass. Inst. of Tech- vania. York. nology. Wagner H. Bridger, M .D., Albert Einstein Charles A. Janeway, M.D., Children's Hosp. N. L. Smokier, Ferndale, Michigan. Coli. of Med. Med. Ctr., Harvard Medical School. David Spain, MD., Brookdale Hospital. M8il'g'aret T. Burroughs, M.A.Ed., Kennedy- Paul Jarmon, D.D.S., Rego Park, New Benjamin Spack, M.D., New York, N.Y. King College, Chicago. York. John Stachel, Ph.D., Boston University. Willis Butler, M.D., Kailua, Hawaii. E. Roy John, Ph.D.,· New York Medical ·Joseph Stokes IIi:, M.D., Univ. of Calif., Desmond Callan, M.D., New York, N.Y. College. San Diego. , E. B. Campbell, B.S., M.P.A., Matthew Edna Ruth Johnson, Acting Editor, The . Albert Szent-Gyorgyi, MD., Ph.D., NOBEL Walker Health Center, Meharry Medical Col- Churchman. LAUREATE, Marine Biological Laboratory. lege. · David B. Kimmelman, M.D., N.Y. Eye & Maralyn E. Toman, M.D., Oak Park, Illinois. Evan Charney, M.D., Schl. of Medicine & Ear Infirmary. Montague Ullman, M.D., Maimonides Medi­ Dentistry, Univ. of Rochester. - Lambert N. King, M.D., Cook County Hos­ cal Center. Stella Chess, M.D., Schl. of Medicine, N.Y. pital. Theodore E. Veltford, Jr., Ph.D., Mt. Sinal Univ. · Dieter Koch-Weser, M.D., Harvard Medical Medical Center. · Noam Chomsky, Ph.D., Mass. Inst. of Tech­ SchooL George Wa.ld, Ph.D., NOBEL LAUREATE, nology. Ivor Kraft, Ph.D., Sacramento State Col- Harvard University. John c. Cobb, M .D., Univ. of Colorado lege. Henry Wallace, Prospect, Kentucky. Med. Schl. Louis Kroll, D.M.D., New York, N.Y. Jon wen, Ph.D., Vanderbilt University. Thomas E . Colgan, Kermit Fischer _FOUJ1- Marian Langer, Ph.D., New York, N.Y. Gwynne Winsberg, Ph.D., Northwest Univ. dation. Paul H. Lavletes, M.D., Yale University. Med. Schl. _ Eleanor Crain, Educator, New York, N.Y. E. James Lieberman, M.D., Howard Uni­ Bernard L. Winter, D.D.S., Long Island Irving J. Crain, M.D., Amer. Acad. of Psy­ versity, Harvard Schl. Public Health. Jewish Hospital. choanalysis. Robert J. Lifton, M.D., Yale University. Samuel Wolfe, M.D., D.P.H., Meharry Medi­ Ephraim Cross, Ph.D ., City University of Paul Lowinger, M.D., Wayne St. Univ. Schl. cal College. New York. Me d . Joseph Wortis, M.D ., Brooklyn, New York. June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF. REMARKS . 190tll THE CHALLENGE TO AMERIPA same end but would employ somewhat dif­ Robert D. Wright, M.D., Johns Hopkins ferent means. with heavy stress on free en­ School of Hygiene and Public Health. terprise and private initiative. Meanwhile. Quentin D. Young, M.D., Med. Comm. for HON. PAUL FINDLEY the OPEC nations 1n the winter of 1973-74 Human Rights, Chicago, Illinois. . unilaterally imposed on the industrial world Israel Zwerling, M.D., Ph.D., Albert Em­ OF :ILLINOIS a gargantuan transfer of real resources stein Coli. of Med. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through the instrument of a 400 percent in­ Thursday, June 17, 1976 crease in the price of crude oil. B. And at New York this summer and fall, SMALL POST OFFICE PRESERVA­ Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, recently some 156 nations are concluding negotia­ TION ACT more than 100 of our colleagues from tions, which have been underway for sev­ some 30 States gathered for the sixth eral years, aimed at a whole new regime of annual spring meeting of fonner Mem­ legal, economic, and military rules of the HO . ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER game in relation to the seas and oceans of bers of Congress. the world: the Conference on the Law of the OF WISCONSIN An excellent address was given to the Sea.. in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES assemblage·by our fonner colleague and c. Simultaneously the two superpov.:ers, Thursday, June 17, 1976 former Ambassador to NATO, Robert SALT negotiations, and the two prmcipal Ellsworth of Kansas, who is presently military pacts, in MBFR negotiations, are at­ Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, serving as the Deputy Secretary of De­ tempting to work out new rules of the game while I was home in Wisconsin last fense. These cogent remarks outline the in terms of their central military and polit­ weekend, I was pleased to learn that the substantial challenges to our defense ical relationships. supervisors of the Dane County Board, D. And as the whole world struggles .to posture. I think that all thoughtful improvise changes in the economic, pollt­ representing the people of the State's Americans should be aware of the real­ ical and Inilitary rules of the global game, second largest county, had gone on rec­ ity of these challenges and wish to the soviet Union has been expanding the ord in support of "The Small Post Office commend these remarks to the atten­ weight and the far-distant reach of all of Preservation Act" which I and a number tion of my colleagues. its military forces--strategic nuclear, naval, of our colleagues introduced this spring. REMARKS OF HONORABLE ROBERT ELLSWORTH land and air-and to define its interests I would like to take this opportunity and objectives in global terms. '11he outreach I. At the end of World War n. the United of the Soviet Union is now based upon real to share the county board's resolution States had unprecedented prestige. power with the House and urge, once again, mllltary power, in Europe, in Asia, in the and lnfiuence. That recollection is powerful Middle East in Africa-rather than upon that we take immediate positive legisla­ grist for the nostalgia mill, but it may never propaganda 'about their ideology which in tive action to prevent wholesale closings be duplicated. We had the atomic monop­ fact has had very little validity or appeal. of small post offices and to force the oly. We held all the gold. Our industrial and As Secretary Rumsfeld said in his De­ Postal Service to consider the service agricultural production capabilities were fense Report to the Congress, within agree­ needs of the patrons in our rural com­ intact--neither obsolete nor destroyed, as ments and wihout them, with detente and munities. everyone else's were. And the American without it, with restraint on our part and spirit, the spirit of triumph over evil, was without it, the Soviets lhave pressed for­ The resolution follows: the hope of the whole world. RESOLUTION No. 21 ward with the development of their military Accordingly-though not necessarily by forces. The momentum of this buUdup shows (Support of the Small Post Office Preserva­ intention or design-we created an inter­ no sign of diminishing. tion Act of 1976) national system; and for that system we es­ This expansive thrUSt has been evident not Whereas, the U.S. Postal Service has criti­ tablished the rules of the game. One should only in their strategic forces, but also in cal financial problems, re-read Dean Acheson's Present at the Crea­ virtually every aspect of the Soviets' gen­ Whereas, the Postal Service is attempting tion for a sense of what was accomplished. eral purpose forces. Soviet divisions have to close the revenue gap by the closing of We restored Europe, with trade and with increased from 141 to 168 since the early increasing numbers of small post offices fol­ aid through the Marshall Plan. We rebuilt 1960s, and additional personnel, tanks, ar­ lowing the Service's anouncement last fall Japan and stabillzed Northeast Asia. With tillery and armored infantry combat vehicles that it was changing the criteria. it used to regard to the underdeveloped world, we had have been added to the divisions. In addi­ evaluate post offices, making closings easier Point IV and PL 480 and, at a certain point, tion to 1/he ZSU-23/4 anti-aircraft gun, for to effect, the Peace Corps. We dominated the United example, the Soviets have d~veloped and de­ Whereas, Congressman Bob Kastenmeier Nations and we set up the World Bank and ployed since the mid-1960s five n-ew surface­ on May 4, 1976 urged a. House Post Office the IMF and the OECD and the GA'IT. The to-air missile systems. Subcommittee to take immediate action to Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of Artillery improvements include a new 40- meet the problems created for small towns China were hardly part of this new inter­ barrel rocket launcher for delivery of mass and rural areas as a result of the wholesale national system; but there was 1n fact a fire, and armored self-popelled vesions o! closing of small post offices across the coun­ new world system, and there were rules of 122 mm and 152 nun guns. try. Kastenmeier testified before the Sub­ the global game, and within that system In addition to a new tank, the T-72, which committee on the Postal Service on behalf and within those rules, over a period of 25 incoporates improvements in armor protec­ of his bill known as the Small Post Office years or so, there has been real progress and tion and mobility, an impressive new ar­ Preservation Act of 1976. "The situation fac­ there have been very great changes in rela­ mored infantry combat vehicle has been de­ ing rural Americans and their right to postal tions among nations. Indeed, under the ac­ veloped. Called the BMP, this vehicle in­ service is critical," Congressman Kasten­ cepted rules of the game, there have been cludes a 73 nun gun system, a semi-auto­ meier noted in his testimony. "Further mor­ greater changes in relations among nations matic loader, a separate antitank guided atoriums, studies and surveys will not solve over the last 25 or 30 years than there have missile system, individual firing ports from this problem," ever been before in the history of the world, which the infantry squad can shoot while Whereas, Mr. Kastenmeier's bill would re­ without major war. inside the vehicle, and protection against quire the U.S. Postal Service to provide Today new forces and power centers are chemical, biological and radiological effects. equivalent or improved alternate postal serv­ pushing to change the rules of the game. The significance of these important qual­ ice to a community as a condition for closing Today the world is going through an up­ itative improvements is underscored by the its third or fourth class post office, heaval which is even more tumultuous than fact that over the past four years, for ex­ Whereas, Congressman Kastenmeier told that which has marked the first 75 years of ample, the Soviets have produced seven times the Postal Subcommittee "we all realize the the 20th century. as many tanks, two and a half times as many Postal Service has dire financial problems A. The underdeveloped nations are clam­ armored personnel carriers, and five times as and given this fact, it would seem unreason­ ouring for radical changes in the rules of many art1llery pieces as the United States. able for Congress to try to prevent the Postal the game of the international system, aimed Nearly 2,000 additional tactical aircraft Service from ever closing a post office. On the at creating (as President Marcos of the have been added to Soviet forces over the other hand, we must insure that the needs Philippines said in Nairobi on May 6th) a period, and the newer versiOJ?-5 are more of the local partons are not only taken into powerful new "third-world economic sys­ sophisticated and more capable than their account, but met." tem: to serve as a vehicle for the coordina­ predecessors. For the first time, for example, Therefore, be it resolved, the Dane County tion of development aid." I think it does Soviet tactical air forces possess a genuine Board of Supervisors support the Small Post President Marcos' language no injustice to close air support capability. And over the Office Preservation Act of 1976 that would say that he was speaking euphemistically past four years Soviet production of tactical protect small rural post otnces or require the about redistributing large amounts of real aircraft has exceeded ours by fifty percent. Postal Service to provide suitable alterna­ wealth from the developed world to the un­ Soviet naval forces, whil~ being modern­ tives. derdeveloped world . . Also at Nairobi, Secre­ ized through replacement and phasing out of ~ it further resolved, that a copy of the tary Kissinger proposed a somewhat d.i1fer­ older vessels, have added greater missile fire­ resolution be forwarded to U.S. Congressmen ent set o~ rules for a new international eco­ power, extended fleet range and underway representing Wisconsin. nomic system which would be aimed at the replenishment support, additional nuclear- 19042 EXTENSIONS OF-REMARKS - ·June -17, 1976 · powered attack subma.t'ines, and construc­ and other peoples; less secure than the Amer­ we used then were too narrowly economic tion of three small aircraft carriers. icans and less sophistica-ted, could measure and technical. There was too much emphasis Over the past decade, S9viet resources the cumulative effect of marginal increments on behaviorism, too little understanding of ctevoted to defense have steadily increased by in a different way. It is virtually impossible to intentions and motivations, of values and an average four to six percent per year, whlle calculate the future-it is even foolhardy to purposes. their military establishment has grown by a speculate very much arbout it-but in this And the Israelis, from 1967 to 1973, seemed million men. The pace, thrust and scope of era of upheaval, and of changes in the rules utterly ·convinced that their military t heir research and development and procure­ of the g.ame, there is little doubt that the strength alone, deloyed in forward geographic ment efforts to equip and support these Soviet Union's strategic nuclear program, positions, could give them national security. forces, and the increased capabllity that 1s characterized as it is by breadth and scope In reality, they sustained greater casualties t he result, are evident. One can only specu­ as well as weight and growth, will continue to and greater losses in materiel in October late as to the uses to which they may be put. be a very considerable factor in the world 1973, even though they had greater military Coping with the implications of this picture. superiority, deployed further forward, than emerging military superpower is the central B. Similarly, the conventional forces of the they had in 1967. problem, not just of the United States, but USSR will continue to weigh heavily in the To use a homely example: if there were in of the whole world. One of our most distin­ world picture. I have already sketched, in fact no greater power than that which grows guished historians, who in his later days has some detail, the prime elements of Soviet out of the barrel of a gun, then it would be become a statesman of world ren own, has conventional military program growth: land difficult to say in which way the effect of a said: forces deployed in Central Europe and on policeman in your neighborhood is different . "The emergence of ambitious new powers the Sino-Soviet border, air and sea lift capa­ from that of a gunman. On the international into an existing international structure is a bility to project power at a distance and the scene, the comparison could be cast in terms recurrent phenomenon. Historically, the ad­ growth of a blue ocean naval capabllity. of, say, US-J:apanese relations (in which US justment of. an existing order to the arrival U.S. conventional forces, while kept up-to­ military force is a source of security) versus of one or more new actors almost inevitably date With the introduction of modern equip­ Soviet-Japanese ·relations (in which Soviet was accompanied by war-to impede the up­ ment and the adaptation of new doctrine military force is felt as a threat). start, to remove or diminish some of t he pre­ and strategy to changes in technology, have There are, after all, certain rules which v,.ously established actors, to test the bal­ been shrinking in size compared with pre­ govern the game of international relations, ance of forces in a revised system." (The Vietnam levels. After four straight years of and these rules certainly are not primarlly Honorable ;Henry A. Kissinger, Secretary of zero program growth in defense, that is why determined by the power which grows out of State, San Francisco, February 3, 1976) President Ford has proposed for fiscal year the barrel of a gun. The point of such rules II. The political utility of military forces : 1977 $7.4 billion worth of real program is not that anyone submits to them because is it declining or growing? growth. Frankly I believe the American peo­ of the fear of military force being applied to In Angola, the use of large amounts of So­ ple have a con·ect sense of the need for back them up. The point is that, in practice, viet military equipment together with some President Ford's program, and I believe that states cannot enter the game fully unless 15,000 Cuban troops clearly had high politi­ is why we see Congress responding relatively they conform to the rules of the game. cal utility to the MPLA. In Indochina in the favorably, so far, in the authorizing and ap­ V. Conclusion. spring of 1975, Hanoi was able to establish propriating cycle. The rules of the game are changing in the its political sway over all of Vietnam by Without that defense program growth we world, and we cannot always have our way means of a smashing military victory. The would run two risks: first, the risk of per­ everywhere, but America still stands for Egyptians in October 1973 were able to mitting recent trends t o continue unabated­ peace, and hope, and progress toward justice, achieve very substantial strs,tegic and politi­ steadily expanding for the Soviet Union and nearly everywhere in the world. True, we cal gains through the initial successes of steadily shrinking for the United States. If have suffered setbacks in Southeast Asia and their military attack. For that matt er, it was the .trends were t o cont inue, there would be Angola, and our national flexibility has been the mi_liary forces of the allies which enabled a crossover point a few years hence and we diminished by a tendency towards selective us·and our political values to prevail over the would be left standing Without prudent involvement and by the episodic efforts of , Nazi's and their political purposes in World hedges against the military and political un­ Congress to assert an executive role. But War n . It seems clear that milit ary forces do certainties of Soviet capabilities and inten­ President Ford has moved our country out of indeed have continuing utility, in the at­ tions in the early 1980's. what he himself has called "our long na­ tainment of political goals. So also does the And the other risk we run is the risk of tional nightmare" in pretty good shape. We · very existence of ready military forces, Wit_h fa111ng to influence events before our security are more closely linked today than we were the implied threat of possible use. is serio1.tsly affected, and then over or under­ a few years ago with our friends and allies A. For example, the United States strategic reacting. Of course this latter risk is as much and those who share our values. nuclear forces have been extraordinarily suc­ a matter of political will in the United States . Our values, and those of our friends and cessful in deterring a wide range of possible as it is of military capability, but the two allies, wm need weight in the years ahead, as hostile acts-hostile to the interests of the are not entirely unrelated. the rules of ·the game are changed. Part of United States, and of our friends and allies. ·III. U.S.-Soviet relations: a rose by any that weight-only. part, but an important _ For example, the Cuban missile crisis of 1962. other name. part-Will continue to come from our mili­ The Soviets, through Deputy Foreign Min­ For the past few years we have character­ tary posture. ister Kuznetsov, told President Kennedy, ized U.S.-Soviet relations by the word "de­ through Mr. John McCloy, that Moscow tente." Whatever the word or words, the fu­ would observe the agreement to remove So­ ture course of Soviet-American relations will viet missiles and bombers from Cuba, but continue to be extremely important for both LITHUANIA INDEPENDENCE warned, "never will we be caught like this nations, for their friends and allies, and for again." the whole world. The stakes are both enor­ Over the years, while keeping up with ad­ mous and precious: the future of the oppor­ HON. RICHARD F. VANDERVEEN ttmity for freedom in the world. van-ces in technology, the United States has OF MICHIGAN maintained a stable strategic nuclear force in History will measure our success or failure both size and structure. As a ma-tter of fact, in handling U.S.-Soviet relationships accord­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in terms of real spending for strategic forces, ing to the success or failure of the United Thursday, June 17, 1976 the United States has been on a down curve States (and the other liberal industrial de­ for at least seven or eight years. On the other moCl·acies, and those who share our values) Mr. VANDER VEEN. Mr. Speaker, hand, Soviet strategic programs have been in dealing with the gradual and purposeful June 15 was the commemoration of the characterized by energetic growth, ever since surge of the Soviet Union's world power and forcible annexation of Lithuania by the the mid-19608. The Soviets achieved parity influence, which seems to be based largely Soviet Union 36 years ago. It is a hapless with the United States several years ago, but on the growth of Soviet military strength. Our own military posture must be strong anniversary for Lithuanians and Ameri­ their strategic nuclear growth has continued cans alike. Yet, it is a time to rise and and it 1s not clear why. The Soviets may be enough to insure that we are not confronted striving for some visible and therefore politi­ With the necessity of giving in to pressure commend the dogged, brave spirit of the cally useful adva-ntage over the United States, from the Soviets, as we improvise changes to Lithuanian people, for their history in­ in the strategic nuclear balance, although it the rules of the global game. deed has been an unending struggle for is hard to imagine that the American people IV. Mao Tse-tung: Political power grows freedom. I would like to take a moment would permit our forces to rema-in at their out of a barrel of a gun. to review this history with you. present levels 1f the Soviets were seen to I do not want to be understood as sub­ The end of World War I marks Lithu­ be pursuing such an end. scribing to this false and pernicious slogan. ania's first glimmer of hope as a free The danger is tha-t each particular mar­ The United States itself seemed mesmer­ nation. Prior to this time, it had been ginal add-on to the Soviet edge in the net ized, in the early years of our Vietnam en­ under first, Russian, and then German nuclear balance with the United States may gagement, by this notion. If we would apply be discounted, as being without much politi­ a little more force, backed up with the poten­ control. With the defeat of Germany, cal utility or va-lue, in our minds. But the So­ tial of our full m111tary might, Hanoi would Lithuania was able to declare its inde­ viets themselves, not to mention other states surely quit. So the thinking ran. The criteria pendence of February 15, 1918. For 22 June 17, 197-6 EXTENSIONS :OF REMARKS 19043 years Lithuania prospered, achieving in celebration as part of the Bicentennial er Art Weida were first team All-Amer­ the arts, building institutions of learn­ Wagon Train Pilgrimage· to Pennsyl­ icas. Utility player Bob Yoder and · sec­ ing, and excelling in agriculture as its vanla. On ·June 23, the wagon trainS will ond baseman Joe Lalli were named to the primary occupation. In just a relatively cross "the Potomac River into Maryland second team. short period of time Lithuania had de­ at Williamsport. The Washington Coun~ The team's 1975 accomplishments veloped its own political, economic, and ty Bicentennial Committee will join the were: Atlantic Seaboard Major Softball League Champions; Central Atlantic cultural life. wagon train with local dders providing With the onset of World '\Var II, Lith­ ·outrider services and assistance. The Regional Softball Tournament .. Chan:l­ uania's glimpse of freedom quickly van­ wagon train will camp at two locations pions; and National Fastpitch Softball ished. Lithuania tried to remain neutral, in Washington County before leaving Tournament Champions. but it was one of the first countries to Maryland into Pennsylvania. In 1976 the team was the Amateur experience the aggression of Hitler and I want to congratulate all those peo­ Softball Association World Softball Stalin. This extensive land grab by the ple working with the Washington Coun­ Championships trichampions · and fin­ Soviets was stoutly resisted by Lithu­ ty Bicentennial Committee on the ar­ ished the season with a 66-13 record. anian freedom fighters who, defending rangements and assistance to the wagon The members of the Sunners ·are: Ty their homeland, dared to take on the So­ train. The pilgrimage is a national pro­ Stoffiet, Larry Bergh, George Ulmer, John viet occupation army of 140,000 men. gram involving coordination with many Erney, Carl Solarek, Greg Radka, Robert Even though 30,000 ·Lithuanians were States and communities. The activities in Yoder, Joe Lalli, Gary Distasio, Rennie lost, such guerilla resistance provided the Washington County, Md., should add an Petre, and Paul Troika. Also, Art Weida, basis for a continuing tradition of anti­ exciting dimension to the reliving of his­ Gordy Frack, Ralph Kerschner, Richard Soviet sentiment still clear today. tory for.local people as well as the par­ DeLong, Barry Distasio, Paul Price, Lithuania shifted again to German ticipants in the wagon train. Ralph Kerschner, John Snyder, Rocco hands for a short time, but with Ger­ I wish everyone involved success with Santilli, Carl Walker, Jerry Defiglio, many's retreat in the closing days of the this outstanding Bicentennial program. John Kramer, and Denny Marchalonis. war, it fell into the Soviets' power again. The old National Road played an im­ This time Lithuania was completely oc­ portant part in opening up the Appala­ cupied. Its borders and those of Latvia chians to settlement. The Bicentennial ALTERNATES TO INSTI­ and Estonia were sealed against the out­ Wagon Train Pilgrimage's progress TUTIONALIZATION side world and each other. through Maryland is, in part, recogni­ Today freedom of thought and expres­ tion of Maryland's role. sion is still restricted. Nonconformist be­ HON. JOHN M. MURPHY havior encounters harassment, freedom OF NEW YORK of movement inside the country is se­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES verely restricted, and religious freedom THE "SUNl\TERS": NEW WORLD TRI­ is nonexistent. Despite this total depri­ CHAMPIONS Thursday, June 17, 1976 vation of basic human rights, the un­ Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. daunted Lithuanian spirit perseveres. HON. GUS YATRON Speaker, I would like to bring to the at­ Both individuals and organization such tention of my colleagues a report entitled as the National People's Front continue OF PENNSYLVANIA "Alternates to Institutionalization: to proclaim the efforts of the Lithuanian IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Keeping the Elderly Outside of the Nurs­ nation for freedom. Thursday, June 17, 1976 ing Home," written by Joseph Langer,. No country should be forced to subju­ Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, the Ris­ the executive director of the United Jew­ gate its own language, beliefs, religion, ing Sun Hotel, a tavern in Reading, Pa., ish Council of the East Side and a con­ and culture to ruthless imperialistic has given the United States an added sultant for the New York State Assem­ forces. On July 22, 1922, the United feather in its Bicentennial cap by shar­ bly Committee of the Aging. Portions of States recognized Lithuania as an inde­ ing the Amateur Softball Association the report were originally presented to pendent government. Last year, Congress World Softball Championship in Lower the New York State Senate Committee reaffirmed this policy in House Resolu­ Hutt, New Zealand, with Canada and on .Health, and I think you will find tion 864, which passed unanimously. His­ New Zealand. Rabbi Langer's words thought-provok­ tory has proven that no dictatorship has ing: ever succeeded in holding a people in The Sunners, under the supervision of John Kramer and manager Rocco ALTERNATES TO INSTITUTIONALIZATION: KEEP­ bondage forever. The time will come once ING THE· ELDERLY OUTSIDE OF THE NURSING Santilli, and now sponsored by Manson­ again when Lithuania will be a free . HOME Billard, Inc., of Reading, finished the (By Joseph Langer) nation. 11-2 world championships with an record " If there is a poor person of thy brethren For this to happen, America has a re­ and had reached the championship game sponsibility to support and work for the within thy gates in the land which God when a tropical storm forced the can­ giveth thee; thou shall not harden thy heart time when justice and freedom will pre­ cellation of the remaining games. nor shut thy hand from thy poor brethren". vail in Lithuania. We must do everything (Deuteronomy) we can to assure Soviet compliance with The Sunners scored victories over Ja­ pan, South Africa, New Zealand, Guam, Democracy is one of the root causes of the the Helsinki accord, particularly with re­ plight of the Aging in America .as we cele­ gard to the provision on basic human Taiwan, and Canada. Their only two brate our historical bicentennial year. rights. This will be a firm beginning in defeats were to Canada during the quali­ . The evolution of families took thousands helping Lithuania regain a measure of fying round. In the first game of the of years-the development of the radically the freedom lost 36 years ago. finals, however, Rising Sun topped Can­ different American family system less than ada, 1-0. two hundred years. Our founding father, Rising Sun pitching ace Ty Stoffiet Thomas Jefferson claimed in the first draft ~f the Declaration of Independence that "all established six world records, tied an­ men are created equal and independent." BICENTENNIAL WAGON TRAIN PIL­ other and drove in the winning run in This principle of independence was immedi­ GRIMAGE TO ENTER MARY­ two games and was named the tourna­ ately extended to family relationships. LAND ment's most valuable player. Independence Jn a democratic society is Stomet set records for innings pitched seen as the greatest possible good-even jus­ H01t GOODLOE E. BYRON 59, strikeouts 97, and tied the mark for tifying discriminatory treatment to those the lowest earned run average 0.00. His who don't practice it. The ideals of in­ OF MARYLAND game records included innings pitched, dependence have been celebrated in prose, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES poetry, language, drama, music, art and 20, longest n?-hitter, 20, strikeouts, 32, philosophy in the United States. Thursday, June 17, 1976 and consecutive batters retired, 56. Who have been the American folk.heroes? Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, at this time Stoffiet was named the most valuable The independent pioneer, always moving, wagon txains from all over the country player in the national tournament .for performing daring feats, the lonesome cow­ are headed toward Valley Forge, Pa: for a the third time and catcher Carl Solarek, boy with no family ties ... the Horatio· Algers gigantic encampment and Fourth of July shortstop Gary Distasio, and utility play- who rose by their own bootstraps. Even con- 19044 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 temporaries such as Secretary of State Kis­ 1can Jewish Congress: Old Age: The Last bill which would liberalize the coverage of singer still envisaged themselves as the lone­ Segregation, by the Ralph Nader Study Group Pa.rt B Medicare for Posthospital home health some cowboy in twentieth century America.. on Nursing Homes: Tender Loving Greed, by services. S. 2713, the Medicare Home Health Dr. Lawrence H. Fuchs of Brandeis Univer­ Mary Adelaide Mendelson and Reports o! Improvements Act would remove the require­ sity has said that "the family not only the Senate Committee on the Aging. ments that only "skllled" nursing care or exemplifies the dominant values of a culture, On the State level, recent investigation by physical or speech therapy is reimbursable; but it carries and impresses them on the the Temporary Commission on Living Costs would provide reimbursement for intermit­ young. There is a dilemma. With its em­ and the Economy and the Moreland Act tent nursing care or other home health serv­ phasis on personal independence and equal­ Commission on Nursing Homes and Resi­ ices; would eliminate the requirement that ity, American ideology is at war with the very dential Facilities have begun the long proc­ home health services be for treatment of nature of family life as it has been known ess of reform and rethinking of the entire conditions for which the patient was institu­ through the ages." concept of care for the aged. tionalized; would broaden coverage to in­ Dr. Fuchs traces how the American family IV clude homemaker services; and would in­ systems emerged, based on the search of in­ crease the number of reimbursable home dividual members for personal independ­ A study in 1971 of New York Medicaid health visits from 100 to 200. In introducing ence. He has divided this into ten steps: patients in nursing homes, by New York the bill, the Senator stated that the expan­ 1. Rejection of Family Orientation State Controller Arthur Levitt, found that sion of reimbursable home health services 2. Idealization of the Family Procreation from 53 to 61 percent of the patients did not would prevent or delay institutionalization 3. Precocity and Aggressiveness of Small need to be there. Dr. John T. Gentry, Di­ and thus would save money and the Bill has Children rector of Medicaid Services for the New been referred to the Finance Committee. 4. Intense and Open Competition among York City Department of Social Services in Representative Edward Koch has proposed Siblings 1975, assigned a staff of physicians to per­ a similar bill in the House. 5. Prolonged Adolescent Rebellion form a survey to judge the amount of nurs­ However, it must be noted that although 6. Extraordinary Freedom of Unmarried ing care needed. by a patient. That study this method of caring for the aged outside Females concluded that the city wastes $126 million institutions is successful from many stand­ 7. Ambiguity of Males' Authority yearly by keeping patients in the wrong fa­ points, the need for socialization and re­ 8. Power and Assertiveness of Married cilities for the wrong lengths o! time. The juvenation of self-esteem is not met by this Women Department of Health, Education and Wel­ plan. The isolation experienced by the frail 9. The Anxieties of Mothering fare estimate it costs $50 per day or $1,500 elderly can most effectively be relieved by 10. The Embarrassments of Growing Old per month to maintain a patient in a nurs­ encouraging them to venture outside the Growing old in America brings no distinc- Ing home. home. This can be accomplished by providing tions, favors or power. In an independent There are effective alternates to long­ reliable transportation to special programs society of youth and beauty, growing old is term institutionalization that will help designed to bring out these individuals, many an emban·assment. make the older years, years o! dignity and of whom have no telephone and no contact The pain of growing old is actually more personal productivity. with the world outside. To this end we have psychological than physical. During the 20th 1. Home health care explored the concept of Geriatric Day Care. century, with an ever growing medical tech­ Caring for the aged can take the form of 2. Geriatric tLay care nology, much has been done to help people making extensive preventive and rehabilita­ Limited e:fl'orts in the Day Care Arena are live longer. But so little has been done to tive services available to the functional and the various Meal on Wheels. Title VI, and help them live their later years with dignity homebound individual. Title VII feeding and recreation programs for and respect. By using the following sources for refer­ the aged. In a society that celebrates youth, the rals: Social Service Agencies, Hospital In The luncheon program provides one hot old are not only cut o:fl' from power and and Out Patient Departments, Private meal daily and various recreational socializa­ privilege, but even from the pleasure which Physicians, potential clients for home health tion activities during the afternoon hours. comes when young men and women openly care can be found and provided with a Title VI programs are more extensive in their appreciate how much they owe to past gen­ number of services depending on their programming efforts which include outings erations. Their contributions, impact and needs. In many areas, door-to-door canvass­ and workshops as well as the usual gamut of success fall by the wayside. As we see it, the ing is necessary to locate many of the iso­ activities and programming. main crime of getting old is becoming de­ lated elderly individuals. A 1972 Report of The concept of Geriatric Day Care Center pendent and no longer productive. In his­ the New York City Budget Bureau indi­ incorporates these types of programs into a torical society the knowledge of traditions cated that home health care averages $110 comprehensive full-day program, which and wisdom makes the aged a valuable con­ per month and nursing home care costs would include supportive counseling, resid­ tribution to society until death. With the $592. ent health services, two or three nutrition­ American family this is not true. The concept of screening techniques such ally balanced meals daily, shopping and Their plight then, 1s having been raised as Geriatric Mobile Screening Teams initi­ escort services when necessary, home-nurs­ in an independent society, and now the old ated by the New York State Board of Men­ ing when necessary, and a carefully designed are not in the position to turn from it when tal Hygiene to try to reduce unnecessary recreational and therapeutic soclaliza.tion they most need help. admissions to Mental Institutions, can be program. Community resources should be As the ancient psalmist said, "Cast me applied to averting unnecessary placement utilized for programming. The Center would not off at the time of my old age; when my in nursing homes. The screening concept operate on a 5 day week. A nurse would be strength fails, forsake me not." can work through places where elderly in­ on duty as a full-time employee with phy­ n dividuals congregate or visit for services:. sicians present two days a week. Independence led to the creation of the community centers, senior centers, Y's, set­ Regular screening for medical problems nursing home phenomenon ... homes are tlement houses and others. comm-on to the aged could take place no longer restricted to the chronically or Home Health Care to date is enacted on monthly for all participants (i.e. blood pres­ critically ill patient. Now there are one mil­ a piece-meal basis with referrals being done sure readings, urtnanalysis, etc.) with lion patients in 25,000 institutions through­ to separate agencies for each service re­ screenings for other problems such as vision out the United States. In New York State quired: Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy, and hearing taking place on a less frequent there are 70,000 patients in skilled nursing Visiting Nurse Services, Homemaking and but regular basis. A bi-weekly visit with a facilities and 20,000 in health related fa­ Housekeeping Services, Counselling and So­ social worker would also increase the moni­ cilities. During this year $10 million in Medic­ cial Services. All of these services are Medi­ toring function of the center and provide aid funds will be used to support their care. caid reimbursable. support during the difficult transitions in the Laws no longer impose responsibility on A coordinated approach to Home Health aging process. Physical therapy, speech ther­ close relatives for care to the aged. Medicaid Care is in operation at Montefiore Hospital apy, psychotherapy would all be available in and Medicare make nursing home care avail­ in the Bronx. Their Home Care and After conjunction with a cooperating hospital and able to almost every elderly person, paying Care Programs offer these types of services mental health clinic. Outings for partici­ 75% of the funds for all custodial care in this emanating from a central office with case pants would also be a significant part of the country. evaluation being done on a regular basis. programming effort, particularly during the Nursing homes become an easy, costless, Their research and experience has demon­ summer months. strated that many individuals benefit phys­ morally correct panacea to the burden of ically and psychologically from having a Transportation specifically designed to suit aged parents or relatives. regular visit by members of the Home Health the needs of elderly and disabled individuals JX[ would be available daily to end from the cen­ Team for supervision and support. Individ­ ter, as well as special trips·during the day to The extremity of nursing home abuses has uals who have had a history of repeated con­ area hospitals and health facilities for medi­ vividly been brought to the general public's finement in the hospital have been able to cal appointments. attention in the last year. The catalyst for maintain themselves at home for much long­ the recent investigative exposes in the New er periods of time, and the home visitors have 3. Housing for the elderly York Times and the VUiage Voice by John observed marked improvements in the over­ Housing plays a more critical role in the Hess and Jack Newfield were little read re­ all well-being and attitude of their charges. life of the elderly because they are tied more ports such as: The Last Resort, by the Amer- Senator Frank Church has introduced a closely to their immediate environment by June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19045 decreased mob1llty and the constraints of XVII mission in 1972; George Blanda, theme already on the agenda in early polit­ economic conditions. Researchers have re­ the famous "iron man" of the Oakland ical warmups concerns the relative military peatedly pointed out that elderly persons' strength of the United States and the USSR. Raiders football team; and Stan Mikita, Are we still the number one military power, satisfaction with their living arrangement 1s ice hockey star of the Chicago Black highly important to their feelings about are we tied for first place, or have we fallen themselves and their relationship to others. Hawks. definitely behind our principal rival? Right With diminishing physical and economic On June 23, one of the high points wing critics of the administration contend capability, feelings of self esteem and worth of the celebration will be the Bicenten­ that we are allowing ourselves to become become highly important. Aging naturally re­ nial banquet in Dearborn, Mich., featur­ dangerously inferior to the USSR, whereas sults in people having to call upon resources ing Captain Cernan as speaker. administration supporters hotly deny the outside of themselves. The critical test of the I would like to take this opportunity charge, asserting that we are second to none elderly housing environment is how success­ today and that they intend to keep us so to extend my best wishes to all who will indefinitely. fully it enables people to remain independent be attending, and to assure them that as they grow older. As an old soldier of hawkish persuasion, Housing projects for the elderly is one ap­ there are those of us in Congress who I would instinctively rally to the side of those proach to these problems. Providing special take pride in the ethnic heritage of who insist on being at least second to none fixtures and equipment for the elderly within America, who know of the part that the if I were sure of what that slogan means in the housing unit, in addition to providing as Slovaks have played in our country's practical terms. The concern of its vocalizers many of the essential services through a cen­ history, and who look forward with them 1s clear enough-an apparent imbalance to tral coordination body, are some of the ob­ to the day when Slovakia wlll be free our disadvantage developing between the jectives now being articulated by sponsors of from foreign domination. warmaklng potential of the United States housing for the elderly. Community rooms, and that of the USSR-but how can such a where regular socialization takes place are an diiference in potential be measured? essential feature. Providing for at least one I find that most of those who debate this issue base their views on comparative tabula­ health professional to be "on call" at all GOOD SENSE FROM GEN. times or having a special arrangement with a tions of manpower and weaponry expressed health facility is another possibility. MAXWELL TAYLOR in units which in the past have been used to Jewish tradition has always addressed it­ measure military strength. For strategic self to dealing with the poor and the elderly, forces, the yardsticks are normally numerical however, there has fundamentally been an HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT estimates of longrange bombers, land-based emphasis on the selection of the proper mode OF CALIFORNIA and submarine-launched ballistic missiles, of care for the afHicted individual. As IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the warheads associated with the mis­ Maimonides indicated in the Mishnah Torah, siles. For conventional forces, the analagous "a poor person not known to the community Thursday, June 17, 1976 measures are numbers of men under arms, agency comes and says, 'I am hungry, feed Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, in many army divisions, tanks, ships, and aircraft. me', we do not investigate but feed him im­ While there 1s no generally accepted calculus respects the year 1976 has marked a low for determining net superiority from these mediately. If he is naked we investigate his point in the ongoing national defense de­ background, since he may be lying and deter­ tabulations, the side is usually conceded su­ bate. The most simplistic numerical com­ mine how to assist him properly." periority which has the numerical advantage parisons of military capability have pre­ in the most line items. dominated in the news media, the con­ Obviously, such a method for determining SLOVAK FESTIVAL gressional debates, and to some extent, superiority has serious shortcomings. For one the Presidential primaries. thing, it makes the Soviets look deceptively good since they generally lead the United HON. JAMES J. BLANCHARD Against this background, the voices of States in most of these categories, the nota­ reason have been few and far between. ble exceptions of U.S. superiority being in OF MICHIGAN But I am encouraged to see that Max­ numbers of bombers, aircraft carriers, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES well Taylor, a former Chairman of the Inissile warheads. So unless we add to our Thursday, June 17, 1976 Joint Chiefs of Staff, has written a very computations additional factors such as the intelligent piece on the difference be­ presumptive superiority in quality of our Mr. BLANCHARD. Mr. Speaker, the tween the substance and the image of men and weapons, we shall turn out deci­ city of Detroit, Mich. has been chosen national security, and the National Asso­ sively number two. as the site of the Slovak American Na­ ciation for Uniformed Services has print­ Furthermore, the item count is plagued by tional Bicentennial Celebration, which the same difficulty encountered in our nego­ ed it in their bimonthly newsletter. tiations with the USSR over the limitations begins today and will last through July 4. General Taylor makes essentially two This celebration will be an extremely of strategic weapons-the assymetries be­ points. First, he argues the simple num­ tween force structures and the difficUlties of fitting observance, for not only do the bers are a poor measure of military equating disslmllar elements. How does one Slovak people share our love of freedom, strength. Second, he argues that military devise a common notation system for evalu­ but like so many other nations, they strength alone is a poor measure of na­ ating units of military strength as di1Ierent played their part in our own revolution tional security if we do not also consider as an army division, a naval task force, a and subsequent fight for independence. political, economic, and spiritual factors. strategic bomber squadron, or a Poseidon submarine? Although we might cut through The list of Slovak Americans who In criticism, I wish General Taylor had fought in the Revolutionary War in­ the knot by taking the position that the gone further. If numerical comparisons United States should be superior in every cludes Gen. Maurice Benyovsky, a native are invalid, and I believe they are, what category of military force, the exorbitant of the city of Vrbove ~n Slovakia, and are the better measures of military cost of such an effort for the primary purpose Maj. Jan Ladislav Polerecky, who, after strength? And if we must consider non­ of keeping up with the Soviet Joneses should the defeat of the British at Yorktown, military factors, what can we do about be sufficient to dampen enthusiasm for it. was assigned the duty of accepting the them? The general did suggest that we Another objection to comparison by mili­ arms of surrender. need new creative effective national lead­ tary line items is the omission from consider­ From that day the present, the ation of intangible values which throughout to ership. I agree. history have been major determinants of vic­ Slovaks have added their rich cultural General Taylor has done a fine job of tory or defeat. The latter include the quality and artistic contributions to our national defining the problem, and the National of the contending political and military lead­ heritage. Association for Uniformed Services has ership, the organization and training of the During the latter part of the 18th done the Nation a service by printing his opposing forces, the comparative state of na­ century, many thousands of them came article. tional morale and stamina, and the war-sus­ to the mining and industrial districts of taining cap-a.billties of the national econ­ I insert "The United States-A Military omies. No such items appear in force tabula­ Pennsylvania, where almost half of Power Second to None?" by Gen. Max­ tions or military budgets, yet are indicators America's Slovaks reside today. well Taylor, from the Jtme-July 1976 Na­ of strength or weakness fully as significant as All in all, perhaps 2 million Americans tional Association for Uniformed Serv­ the size and structure of the armed forces of today are of Slovak heritage. Among ices Newsletter, in the RECORD at this a nation. them are numbered such well-known point: So before taking a. final position regarding our relative strength to the Soviets, we individuals as writer and theologian THE UNITED STATES-A ?.fiLI'l"ARY POWER Michael Novak, author of "The Rise of SECOND TO NONE? should make an earnest effort to find a. bet­ ter method. for determining what military the Unmeltable Ethnics"; Eugene Cer­ (By Gen. Maxwell Taylor) superiority entails. I would favor one which nan, astronaut who flew on the Gemini While public debates on national defense measures the strength of our forces against IX and Apollo X missions and set foot are never unusual, in this election year we the t.asks wllich they are expected to perform. on the Moon a a member of the Appollo can expect them in unusual abundance. One I t \\·ou1d appear that we can claim eqni · - 19046 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 alence of power in strategic weapons but this year, h ad requ ested $85 million for the The outstanding success of the PAC, that, in conventional warfare, any statement nations such as Mozambique, Zaire and Zam­ managed by John Norris of Phoenix, on the subject must be carefully qualified bia which are trying to topple the white re­ in terms of where, when, and for how long. gime in Rhodesia. proves that solar energy is indeed a vi­ Unfortunately, if the time is the present or Alabama Sen. Jim Allen appropriately de­ able solution to America's energy needs, the near future and the place is Europe, the scribed this as an attempt "to bribe African and should spur Federal experimentation Mediterranean-Mideast, or Northeast Asia, nations t o get them to join in an effort to and development of solar energy the qualifying footnotes would amount to a topple the Rhodesian government which is throughout the Nation. concession of probable superiority to the one of the few stable governments in a con­ At a time when America desperately Soviets and their allies. t inent of chaos." needs to develop energy independence, If an excuse were needed for this unsat is­ Through the efforts of Senator Allen and factory out come, one might argue that the some others who retain some common sense Arizona offers great hope to the entire question of relative superiority was posed in in such matters, the Senate approved a plan Nation. By locating Federal solar labora­ t oo narrow t erms. What we should want to t o give $25 million each to Zaire and Zambia, tories in the solar energy State, America know is whether our aggregated national none to the dictatorial regime in Mozambique will gain the finest opportunity possible power, made up of political, economic, mili­ and with no u .s. aid funds to be used in sup­ to develop and utilize the power of the tary and spiritual components, is adequate to port of military or guerrilla activities. Sun for endless energy needs. assure our security and well-being despite While this was a move in the right direc­ the opposition to be expeced from the Soviets tion, it should offend all sensible Americans and other unfriendly forces in a turbulent who believe in fair play, treasure democracy world. While Soviet malevolence backed by and fear communism. MATERIALS POLICY BILL increasing mllitary strength is likely to re­ What is to prevent the backward African main a primary obstacle, it is only one of nations using the millions in U.S. taxpayer several. dollars for military actions against Rhodesia HON. JAMES W. SYMINGTON We shall be exposed to many dangers for or South Af-rica? which we cannot blame the Soviets--the Simple shifts in budgetary allocations OF MISSOURI global consequences of excessive population would accomplish such a purpose and finance IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES growth; a mounting resentment of have-not armed attacks against the only nations on Thursday, June 17, 1976 nations against the international amuent the huge continent which have always been clique of whtch the United States 1s the most friendly with this country. Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. Speaker, this notorious member; increasing scarcities of This under-the-counter military financing Nation has no established, nor even an raw materials retarding our economy; and is made all the more repugnant because the informal, materials policy. It never has progressive degeneration of the democratic same U.S. Congress earller dented assistance governments to which we are allied. We our­ had. National materials policy has re­ to help Angola fi.ght communist-led forces. mained the subject of consideration by selves have serious internal weaknesses which Denial of assistance to Angolan national­ the Soviets exploit but did not cause-inade­ ists friendly to the west allowed Russia and the President and Congress since at least quacies of government and leadership, na­ Cuba to gain yet another puppet government 1950, but there has been little action. tional disunity, self-destructive political and in Africa, and now Congress is doing an What do we mean by materials? For decadent social practices. aboutface by saying we will send money current purposes the answer is: just plain We would be ignoring the essential needs to be used to fight against our friends. stuff to make things with. of national security lf we focused our con­ Not even the ultra-liberal Washington Post And why do we need a national policy cern exclusively on our m111tary strength 1D. could go along With such a proposal and for our management of materials? Be­ relation to that of the USSR. There 1s no way editorially endorsed Allen's challenge of U.S. of achieving unqualified mllitary superiority cause we cannot survive without them; aid to those nations trying to gain black rule because more people are using more and regardless of the effort expended. Even U the in all of southern Atrlca. impossible were achieved, it would atm not Although our plea probably falls on deaf more of them-so that prices are going assure our overall objective of national se­ ears, we much ask the Senate-House confer­ up and reserves are dwindling, and be­ curity and well-being. ees to recognize that any funds sent to the cause we really have never had to learn Internal weaknesses alone if unrestrained southern Africa nations wm ultimately be how to manage and care for them. The would be sumcient to invalidate a major ef­ changed into guns and ammunition to harm danger Js less that we will run out of fort to improve our military posture in rela­ a friendly nation. tion to the Soviets. After au, unUmited mlll­ "stuff'' than that mismanagement of tary force is of little avail without a trusted And our dollars are not about to buy us world supplies will cause, as indeed it al­ national leader to direct it and a united any new friendships in those emerging na­ ready is causing, serious economic, so­ people to support him in its use. Heavlly tions where communist-trained leaders are cial, and technological damage. armed but divided, we would run the danger not about to allow creation of democratic governments. As a result, we have an energy crisis, of feeUng superior to all but being in fact inftation, price :fluctuations, food short­ second to many in the effectual power which counts. ages in many places, housing problems, land-use dimculties, pollution of all ARIZONANS EXCEL 1N SOLAR EN­ kinds, and so on. All of these stem from ONLY HAVE FUNDS FOR OUR ERGY DEVELOPMENT the fact that we-and other nations ENEMIES around the globe-have paid little heed to skillful management, use and con­ HON. JOHN B. CONLAN sumption of the stuff-materials-that HON. BOB WILSON o:r ARIZONA man has discovered on this planet and OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES converts into useful things. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, June 17, 1976 Successive failures to define the goals of this policy, and to win aceptance of a Thursday, June 17, 1976 Mr. CONLAN. Mr. Speaker, the Phoe­ plan of operation to move toward these Mr. BOB WU.SON. Mr. Speaker, un­ nix Athletic Club of 4843 North 8th goals, should not be taken to imply that der the leave to extend my remarks in Place, Phoenix, is the first U.S. health consensus is impossible. the RECORD, I include the following ar­ club to harness the power of the Sun for On the contrary, the national mate­ ticle from the Mobile Register of Thurs­ diverse heating purposes, and the im­ rials policy proposed by the Paley Com­ day, June 17: pressive success of its dual solar energy mission of 1952 is essentially the same ONLY HAVE FUNDS FOR OUR ENEM IES systems have added prestige to Arizona's as that urged by the National Commis­ U.S. Senate passage this week of a $6.7 bil­ credentials as the foremost solar energy sion on Materials Policy in 1973, as well lion authorization bill sets the stage for a State. as the agenda of the National Commis­ conference committee showdown on the issue During their first month of operation, sion on Supplies and Shortages which is of United States policy in Southern Africar-­ the two rooftop PAC solar energy systems now wrestling with the same problems a seemingly minor but highly significant part far surpassed emciency levels predicted which went unresolved in 1952. of the aid spending legislation. by Arizona designers, Bob and John Mr. Speaker, in collaboration with the The Senate-House conferees must hammer out a compromise between the aut horlza­ Carter. Designed to furnish 50 percent gentleman from Ohio (Mr. MosHER) , the tions passed by both houses and the requests of the club's hot water needs, the systems ranking minority member of the Sub­ made by the Ford Administration through have heated an incredible 86 percent of committee on Science, Research, and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. hot water needed for showers, washing Technology, I have today introduced a Dr. Kissinger, in line with his outrageous machines, a dishwasher, and an outdoor bill-the National Materials Policy, Re­ policy statement delivered in Africa earlier pool. search and Organization Act--which 1s June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19047

designed to promote some serious thi~k­ concentrates attention and effort on ma­ Government intervention should be ing about where we go from here w1th terials central to living standards, which carefully reviewed. There are dangers in the remainder of Earth's resources. ~t fosters understanding and realistic man­ going too far but there are also dangers are we going to do with the stuff which agement of the materials cycle within in not going far enough. still remains accessible to us? How can the context of global balance, and which Mr. Speaker, to my way of thinking we best use it? brings knowledgeable people and tech­ it is imperative that we begin now to Fundamentally, the bill addresses four nological capability into the process of develop a genuine materials policy and components of the materials arena: An adapting to the changing materials the necessary research capability to im­ articulated policy, systematic research scene--we shall have, in my view, a good plement it. But we must possess certain into a basic and thorough understanding chance to win the game. Above all, I urge tools in order to start, including: of the materials syndrome--in other the concept of gradual improvement: a First. Motivations toward right be­ words what is likely to go wrong, ef­ step by step approach toward better havior; for example, concern for the ficient flow of new scientific and tech­ global and national management of our welfare of others-and a gen eral sense nological information arising from mate­ resources. of good management of the wealth we rials research, and organizational struc­ Nonetheless, we shall all have to un­ possess; turing through which Federal efforts to derstand that if we develop truly effi­ Second. Ability to isolate and define implement policies and research may be cient management of materials and their the critical problem areas needing first directed. use--some tradeoffs with individual free­ attention; I do not wish to go into details here, doms are inescapable. The irony of this Third. Factual data on the character but I do want to stress that the bill­ situation is that such tradeoffs are also and performance of materials, their lo­ which follows several years of study by unavoidable if we do not plan ahead. We cation and supply, their possible uses, the Science, Research, and Trehnology need only look back to the long lines at amounts in flow, et cetera; and Subcommittee, I serve as chairman-is dry gas stations for confirmation of this Fourth. A determination of how much primarily for the purpose o! stimulat:lng point. We shall also need to understand waste can be eliminated and how much discussion on what is probably the most that every generation makes its own is inevitable. widespread and serious problem facing :findings and policies to accommodate the Armed with these tools, there is much modern civilization-lack of any co­ lifestyles it seeks. The present genera­ we can do; it is my hope that the bill hesive policy to govern, or at least to tion must also make a determination on Mr. MOSHER and I have introduced today, guide, the use of materials. the very thorny question of how much and any subsequent inquiry generated Such a policy, it now seems clear, Js: weight it, today, should give to the wel­ by it, will lead toward their crystalliza­ First. Central to any modern tech­ fare of generations yet to come. tion. nological society; These are not easy matters to handle The proposition we are advancing at Second. A prime source of opportunity particularly since so many of the this time is that our need is greater and for energy conservation; and "choices" in the materials :field are, once more urgent than in the past for the Third. A basis for materials manage­ made, irreversible. Strip mining 1s an ex­ Nation to formulate and adhere to a ment, which equates with environmental ample. So is large scale shale oil produc­ well-designated policy for materials. The quality-whether that quality applies to rationale goes like this: tion. So is the use of oil for fuel as First. In the national effort to bal­ land, sea or air. agains~ its petrochemical and other uses. In conjunction with the foregoing, it Similar examples are readily found in all ance jobs and inflation, a vital ele­ materials areas: metals, wood, glass, soil, ment is that the materials cycle flow is noteworthy that every commission, smoothly and that materials prices committee, groUP, study, or other effort water-whatever. maintain an orderly market structure. which has surveyed the materials issue In any event, I am persuaded that These conditions do not come about by since 1950 has indicated the need for re­ there is no easy way out; we shall waste accident; they require comprehensive straints, planning, and forethought on our time, effort and substance if we in­ forethought, reliable information, and a the use of materials. Yet no Federal ad­ sist on looking for one~ cooperative relationship between Gov­ ministration has ever seriously consid­ The basic facts of the situation are ered a genuine policy to put restraints ernment and industry. The get-rich­ unchallenged; the differences center on, quick spasms of freebooting capital in into effect. first, the need for urgency of action; sec­ some areas, we now know, can create a It is easy to see why. Policies which en­ ond, the need for comprehensiveness of cycle of boom and bust infiation and courage restraints immediately come action; and third, achievement of ex­ mwmployment, which tends to defeat into conflict with the private enterprise plicit compatibility between Government the national purpose of a smoothly func­ concept and with the production of action and prevailing and historic tioning industrial economy. Scarcities things people like and have become ac­ theories relegating materials almost ex­ and .fluctuations of materials supply customed to having. Such policies, there­ clusively to nongovernmental decision­ cause waste, mismanagement, and loss fore, are not likely to be popular and, making. In other words, how do we bal­ of jobs. politically speaking, are just plain, bad ance Government intervention with Second. It is obvious that national medicine. decisionmaking by the marketplace? energy policy presents the United states Up to this time, our system of govern­ We should not, I suggest, be too arbi­ with some very diffi.cult future choices. ment resists such restrictive ideas until trary about this. Dislocations in the Our plight seems to be worsening; many confronted with a crisis, and even then. global pattern of distribution and pric­ of the signs suggest disaster ahead; yet we tend to grasp at halfway measures. ing of fossil fuels and energy materials we remain indecisive. No matter what I am suggesting here that perhaps, as a have already placed the Federal Govern­ policies we finally adopt, there will be nation, we should adopt a new mood--one ment squarely in the position of the hard times ahead. So we must make every a bit more frugal and a bit less hedonistic need to act to protect the consumer, the effort to alleviate future shocks of energy than society has been prone to follow, industrial system, and the national dislocation through good management of especially in the past half century. If we economy itself. We have also seen re­ our national resources of materials and do not, it seems likely that before too long peated demonstration, in the recent industrial technology; that is, economy we shall be confronted with a series of speeches and programs of the Secretary of energy in the manufacture, design, and crises involving shortages, crises so severe of State, that the interaction of trade operation of our products; advances in as to defy any peaceful solution. and technology in the production and applied research to extend the efficiency This is not a palatable thing to say or shaping of materials is a dominant con­ of these operations; and every applica­ even think about, and I do not like to say sideration of the developing world today. tion of materials science toward the cap­ it. Unfortunately, I think it is true. And at home, we have observed the vital ture and use of energy available to us in Mr. Speaker, as a practical matter a importance of a smoothly operating in­ nature--from whatever source. materials policy cannot and should not dustrial economy for employment and Third. In our efforts to improve the en­ be a fixed formula. But if we can develop price stability. The role of the materials vironment, we have pushed singlemind­ a national policy which is reasonably cycle in support of that economy tends edly toward regulation of those ecological flexible, responsive to both national and to be neglected. but it is critical and impacts that cause measurable injury to international needs, which aids in bal­ dynamic. It cannot be taken for granted mankind and nature. In the quest for en­ ancing global supply and demand, which any longer. The nature and extent of vironmental quality, however, we h ave 19048 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 come to recogmze that closing down dirty the RECORD the names of persons nat- · demonstrate thaj; alcoholism is a treatable industries creates unemployment. Un­ uralized from my congressional district disease and presenting a united front to certainties caused by regulating arbitrary in Wisconsin. During the month of May, eliminate the stigma which is kllling people needlessly," he said. st andards of industrial effiuents eat into the following persons became natural­ Mr. Maciver stated that the National working capital and prevent investment ized citizens of the United States: Mrs. Council on Alcoholism organized and spon­ in the corrective we seek to impose. In Myong Suk Bachman, Mrs. Setsuko sored tonight's function "to dispel once and principle, we know that materials man­ Brown, Mrs. Kye Sun Gmach, Mrs. Hazel for all the myth that alcoholism is something agement-the failure of our national May Jacques, Mr. Peter K. Kang, Mr. which does not happen to 'nice' people." materials policy-is the literal cause of Brian J. Kang, Miss Susan K. Kang, Mr. "This disease affeots people from all walks all environmental pollution. But we con­ Henry J. Kohnle, Miss Norma-Jean B. of life," he said. "There are an estimated to Kohnle, Mrs. Rose J. Kohnle, Mrs. Alice 10,000,000 alcoholics in the United States, tinue regulate symptoms instead of less than 3% of whom are in a skid row addressing directly the problem of I. Krahn, Mr. Gerd Dieter Kuhrt, Mr. situation. The balance comes from all walks materials management through national JimmieS. Kung, Mrs. Kyong R. Kushava, of life." policy. Mrs. Jim Wha Lee, Mr. Young K. Lee, He added: "We view this as a turning point Fourth. The precise ways in which Mrs. Hannelore Loema, Mr. Rab N. in NCA's 30-year campaign to remove the :flows of materials in world trade impact Malik, Mrs. Editha I. McKenzie, Mrs. stigma attached to alcoholism. It is an his­ on the economic health of the United Marion E. Medina, Mrs. Adelheid G. toric occasion for us." Mensing, Miss Johanna C. Mensing, Miss The celebrities participating in tonight's States and other trading nations-have event were: long been the subject of debate. This, I Hedy Migally, Mrs. Yvonne. M. Nelson, Entertainment: Dana Andrews, star of think, is something we should get away Mr. Sigurd o. Nordin, Mr. Thae Soo stage, TV and movies including the memora­ from. It is of little practical consequence Park, Mrs. Sarah Jane Phillips, Mr. ble "Laura"; Jan Clayton, star of Broad­ whether cartels could be formed to ex­ Indarjit Ramnarine, Mrs. Maria A. Rei­ way's "Carousel" and TV's "Lassie"; Tom ploit monopoly positions in bauxite, land, Mrs. Anneliese Wetzel, Mrs. Ewell, star of TV's "Baretta"; Johnny Grant, chrome, manganese, cocoa, bananas, or Efthalia Zaimis, Mrs. Biljana Zeisler, KTLA (Los Angeles) personality; Mercedes whatever. The fact remains that the and Miss Jane Laura Stoker. It is with McCambridge, Academy Award winner; Guy a great deal of pleasure that I join with Mitchell, movie and recording star; Garry United States and other trading nations Moore, star of TV's "To Tell the Truth"· share a stake in the efficient operation my colleagues in welcoming them .and Walter O'Keefe, pioneer radio star and lee: of a global system of supply and demand, extending our congratulations on their turer; Dick Van Dyke, star of movies and of production, and management, and of citizenship. TV's "The Dick Van Dyke Show." exchange of materials and products. Un­ · Astronaut: Edwin E. "Buzz" Aldrin, Jr., less we have cooperation, mutual ac­ Sc.D., second man to set foot on the moon. ceptance of trading terms and a ready Airline Captain: Charles F. Gibian, career OPERATION UNDERSTANDING jet pilot. :flow of both knowledge and goods, our Surgeon: W1llia.m W. Daniel, M.D. world may recede into economic :fief­ Sports: Ryne Duren, former New York dams, each highly inefficient and waste­ HON. PAUL G. ROGERS Yankees and Los Angeles Angels star pitch­ ful of manpower, capital, energy, and OF FLORIDA er; Edward "Moose" Krause, Director of Ath­ intellectual values. letics, University of Notre Dame and member The technology of materials recovery IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ot the Basketball Hall of Fame; Don New­ from nature-or from the wastes of our Thursday, June 17, 1976 combe, first Cy Young Award winner and former Brooklyn Dodgers star pitcher. manufacturing and consuming society­ Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, several needs to be developed and shared with Political Leaders: Former United States weeks ago, the National Council on AI• Senator Harold E. Hughes; The Earl of Kim­ other countries. In so doing, we will be coholism, the largest voluntary organiza­ berley, member of Great Britain's House of conserving both energy and the environ­ tion in this country in the :field of al­ Lords; Congressman Wilbur D. Mills. ment, as will those who use our tech­ coholism, held its highly successful na­ Clergy: The Very Reverend Joseph Kerins, niques abroad. Nor should we neglect the tional forum here in Washington, D.C. C.SS.R., Provincial, the Redemptorist opportunity to learn advanced tech­ More than 2,000 delegates attended this Fathers (Father K;erins' position in the nology produced abroad. meeting, and I was privileged, along with Catholic Church is parallel to that of In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I would Bishop) and Dr. Hannibal A. Williams, several of my colleagues in the Congress, P_astor, New Liberation Presbyterian Church. hope that the task I have outlined can to address the forum. Indian Chief: Sylvester J. Tinker, Chief be approached in the same healthy, A highlight of the forum activities was of the Osage Nation. bipartisan way that our Committee on the banquet at which more than 50 of Judge: Yvonne Sparger, Oklahoma Indus­ Science and Technology dealt with the America's most famous people identified trial Court. broader question of national science and themselves as recovered alcoholics. It Labor Leader: Louis B. Knecht, Secretary­ technology policy. The two subjects do in was a deeply moving occasion and, in my Treasurer, Communications Workers of fact bear a considerable resemblance. opinion, it will go a long way toward re­ America, AFL-CIO. Both contribute to a dynamic economy, moving the stigma which has surrounded Journalists and Authors: Rowland Barber, employment, enlarged technological op­ this disease for so many decades. TV Guide editor and author of "Harpo portunity, better use of resources, and At this point in my remarks, I would Speaks!" and other books; Molly Barnes, art increased capability of society to manage like to include a description of the event critic; Elizabeth Kaye, non-fiction writer its environment. and contributor to magazines; Virgil prepared by the National Council on Al­ Mitchell, President, Mitchell Group; Adela Accordingly I would hope that we can coholism: Rogers St. Johns, author of novels, screen­ move together systematically, step-by­ OPERATION UNDERSTANDING plays and non-fiction works; Robert Thom­ step, toward a consensus in the area of More than 50 notables identified them­ sen, author of "Bill W."; Jack Weiner, au­ national materials policy. Each -agreed selves as recovered alcoholics here tonight at thor of "The Morning After;" Maurice zo­ point in the evolving discussion will pro­ an "Operation Understanding" banquet latow, magazine writer and author of vide further hope for concurrence, look­ which John Maciver, President of the Na­ "Shootit:lg Star." ing toward a total structure of policy tional Council on Alooholism, described as Movie Producers: William Borchert, pro­ "an event which will do more to reduce ducer of forthcoming "Bill W." movie and that can adapt sensitively to changes and alcoholism stigma than anything ever at­ Hwrold Hecht, Hecht-Mill-Lancaster Produc­ meet the challenges of the future. tempted." tions. ' Mr. Maciver pointed out that until now Philanthrophy and Public Affairs: Clancey only a few public figures have ever stated Imislund, Director, Midnight Mission; Marty NEWLY NATURALIZED CITIZENS OF that they are recovered alcoholics. Mann, Founder, National Council on Alco­ UNITED STATES "Tonight, for the first time, famous enter­ holism; R . Brinkley Smithers, President, tainers, an astronaut, a surgeon, an airline Christoper D. Smithers Foundation; Jeanette HON. ALVIN BALDUS ·captain, a member of the Congress of the Spencer, President, The Fortune Society. United States, the chief of an Indian Nation, Health: Vincent Groupe, Ph.D., President, OF WISCONSIN a member of Great Britain's House of Lords, Life Sciences Research Foundation; Helen IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sports luminaries and leaders from the worlds Holmes, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist; Don­ Thu,rsday, June 17, 1976 of business, finance, labor, religion, politics, ald G. Mackay, M.D., Attending Physician, philanthropy, public affairs, health, journal­ Montreal General Hospital; John Mooney, Mr. BALDUS. Mr. Speaker, I would ism, literature and the armed forces are ·Jr., M.D., Director. Willingway Hospital; like to take this opportunity to note in s tanding together as recovered alcoholics to Lewis K . Reed, M_D .. Medico-Legal Special- June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF~ 19049 tst; ·Katherine P. Tanzola., R.N., Joint Com­ and cruel treatment by the SoViet 'Union CUBAN COMMUNISTS TO ATTEND mission on Accreditation of Hospitals. of the Lithuanian people. U.S. JULY 26 PROPAGANDA -FEST Military: Rear Admiral Albert B. Scoles, Therefore, it is not surprising that U.S.N., Retired and Lt. General John Stew­ Lithuanians have never accepted the So­ art, U.S.A.F., Retired. viet yoke. Strong undercurrents of op­ HON. LARRY McDONALD Bu siness jFinancial: Bruce Mansfield, For­ position to both Soviet rule and Soviet OF GEORGIA. m er President, Ohio Edison Company, Albert policies of russiftcation characterize the c. Meyer, Former President, Pike Corpora­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of America; Malcolm Meyer, Retired relationship between the Soviet Union Thursday, June 17, 1976 Chairman and Director, certain-Teed Prod· and modern-day Lithuania. Soviet rule ucts Corporation; Willard Morton, President, is still very harsh. Secret pollee, mock Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, plans Morton Pet Food Company; Thomas P. Pike, trials, and prisons are still the main ele­ for this year's 26th of July propaganda Honorary Vice Chairman, Fluor Corpora­ ments of the Soviet Union's repressive festival to celebrate the chief Cuban tion and Chairman of the Board, National policy toward all opposition. Communist holiday-the 23d anniver­ council on Al{X)holism; Louts R. Rowan, The reasons for this opposition are sary of Fidel Castro's attack on the Mon­ President, R. A. Rowan and Company; Adolph H. Sullivan, Standard 011 Company quite clear. cada barracks-have now been an­ of California. Political freedoms in Lithuanian are nounced. The Communist Party, U.S.A., All of the above, plus the following who still largely circumscribed by a Soviet­ reports that this year's main attraction are also recovered alcoholics, served on the style government apparatus whicll !s is to be two Cuban Communist musical Planning Committee: meant to control the people instead of groups, Los Papinos and the ICAIC Ex­ Right Reverend Abbot Hillary Dreaper, serving them. Political elections are still perimental SOund Group. O.S.B., Chancellor, St. Bernard College; farcical with candidates "elected" not The principal U.S. event will be held Anthony H. Forbes, Ph.D., Dean, College because they are the people's choice but in New York City, but other July 26 ac­ of Letters and Science, University of Wis­ because they are supporters of the Soviet tions are being organized in 15 cities by consin-Superior; Dan Frazer, star of TV's regime. the Committee for July 26-CJ-26, op­ "Kojak"; Shecky Greene, comedy star; Joe Religion is another important source Harne!, composer; Hon. Joseph W. Henry, erating from P.O. Box 724, Old Chelsea Associate Justice, Tennessee Supreme Court; of opposition. Lithuanians, a very reli­ Station, New York, N.Y. 10011-212/ James S. Kemper, Jr., President, Kemper gious people, refuse to accept the atheis­ 675-8069. The Committee for July 26th Insurance Companies; Hon. W. B. Lewallen, tic dictates of the Soviet state. Despite is an annual project of the Venceremos Judge, Tennessee Trial Court; Sy Oliver, an extensive antireligious campaign by Brigade---VB--which states its "first re­ composer; Patrick O'Neal. star of TV, mov­ Soviet authorities involving persecution sponsibility is to educate ever greater ies, and stage; Jason Robards, Jr., stage, and imprisonment, religion still :fiour­ numbers of the U.S. people about Cuba's TV and moVie star; Del Sharbutt, radio ishes in Lithuania, serving as an impor­ example and ideas in the construction of newscaster; Jack Thayer, President, NBC Radio Network; Ralph Wa.lte, star of TV's tant vehicle for :fighting communism as socialism and in anti-imperialist soli­ "The WaJ.tons" and Robert Young, star of well as helping to preserve the Lithua­ darity." The construction of "anti-im­ TV's "Marcus Welby, MD." nian culture. perialist solidarity" the VB supports is Thomas P. Pike, R. Brinkley Smithers a.nd Therefore, when we consider the past exemplified by the Cuban invasion of Thomas J. Swaft'Ol'd were Committee Chair­ sufferings of the Lithuanian people, we Angola organized by Russia in support of men. must also remember that their suffering Soviet-backed MPLA, and by the Cuban­ "Operation Understanding" was coordi­ has continued to this very day. Opposi­ directed terrorist movements operating nated by Debbie Murphy and Walter J. tion to Soviet rule is still very strong. The in Latin America. Murphy. desire for independence and true free­ The CJ-26, which is a coalition of the dom has not died in Lithurulla. and should Venceremos Brigade, other groups of not be forgotten by those of us in the Castroite Marxist-Leninists in the West who are more fortunate. United States, the Communist Party, BALTIC STATES FREEDOM DAY Despite the fact that we are com­ U.S.A., and other revolutionaries who memorating events which transpired 35 link themselves with the Cuban revolu­ years ago, we must realize that the basic tion, comes out four-square in defense HON. JOHN W. WYDLER cause of these injustices still remains the of the Cuban military intervention in OF NEW YORK same, Soviet domination of Lithuania. Angola and southern Africa, stating IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And just as 35 years ago the Lithuanian their purpose is "exposing the purpos~ful Thursday, June 17, 1976 peop~e struggled against the Soviet be­ lies and distortions of Cuba's interna­ hemoth, today in modern-day Lithuania tionalist support for the people of Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, this week this struggle still continues unabated. Angola, southern Africa, and other we commemorate the 35th anniversary The Lithuanian people have not aban­ movements of national liberation." of the deportation of over 34.000 Lithu­ doned their struggle for freedom, and it anians to Siberia. In doing so we recall Under the slogan, "In Concert With is imperative that we not abandon our Cuba: Break the Blockade," the New the many injustices suffered by the Lith­ support for them in this struggle. uanian people at the hands of the Soviet York affair will be an evening of speeches, Union in 1940 and 1941. In 1940, Lith­ music, song, and dance to be held Satur­ uania lost her independence to the So­ day, July 24, 1976, at the Academy of Music, 126 East 14th Street. In addition viet Union. In 1941, thousands of her AMERICA'S 200TH YEAR people were dispersed to the cold, empty to the Cuban Communist representatives, lands of Siberia. Many died along the American performers are being chosen way. The birth of Soviet Lithuania was HON. PAUL G. ROGERS who "best exemplify the spirit of tribute marked by cruelty and suffering which OF FLORIDA to Cuba by their own identification with will never be forgotten by Lithuanians. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the same values of freedom, justice, equality, and internationalism." Soviet domination of Lithuania, ac­ Thursday, June 17, 1976 complished by invasion and maintained For the Committee for July 26th, the by force of arms, was vigorously resisted Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, it gives me continued existence of Castr.o's blood­ by the Lithuanian people. Opposition to great pleasure to acknowledge the efforts stained regime is the first crack in the Soviet rule grew quickly only to be an­ of my constituent, Mrs. Harry V. Fox of walls defending U.S. freedom. They swered by the Soviet Union's cruel policy Palm Beach, Fla., who has found her own write: of deportation in 1941. Families, indeed way to celebrate and acknowledge the The triumph of the Cu ban revolution only whole villages, were loaded into rail cars 200th birthday celebration of this 90 miles from our sh ores and the creation country. of t he first socialist state tn the Americas and shipped like cattle to the distant was and continues to be a · d ef eat for U.S. land of Siberia. The long,· arduous trip Mrs. Fox has distributed bumper imperialism. took its toll. A scarcity of food, cramped stickers which read: "America's 200th cars, and cold weather soon combined to Year-In God We Trust-In Christ We Day-to-day CJ-26 organi:$g is being claim the lives of the weak, elderly, and Must." It is important that we all re­ coordinated by an executive committee the very young. The unmarked graves of member our dependence upon God -as we whose members include Gerrie Casey of the victims of the 1941 deportation still join in celebrating this Nation's ·Bicen­ the Communist Party's youth group, th e stand as mute testimony to the inhuman tenniaL . Young Workers Liberation . League- 19050 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 YWLL; Terry Santana, a -writer for­ Bernardo Palombo, [a leader of t he Domini­ the FALN terrorists in New York and CPUSA's Daily World; Eddie Demmings, can Center for Social Assistance and Orienta­ tion (CEDOAS) active with the Center for Chicago who have seen the true face of Gail Reed, and Ann Sparanese of the Fidel Castro and his minions. No visas VB; Martin Perez of the Cuban-con­ Cuban Studies] . Suni Paz [singer and fundraiser for t he and n o deal with Castro. trolled Puerto Rican Socialist Party­ Puerto Rican Socialist Party] . PSP; and Gloria Weinberg, a VB mem­ Florence Siegel, Jamaica Art Mobilization. ber representing the Center for Cuban Dorothy Steffens, Executive secretary, Studies-CCS, an outlet for Cuban prop­ Women's International League for Peace and DRUG ABUSE ASSISTANCE aganda in New York. Freedom (WILPF) . PROGRAMS Among the initiating sponsors of the Helen Rodriguez-Trias, M.D., [active in CJ-26 ''In Concert With Cuba" meeting numerous Castrolte projects including the are: U.S.-Cuba Health Exchange (US-CHE) and HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL the Committee to End Sterilization Abuse]. OF NEW YORK Charles Allen, former editor, The Nation. Joe Walker, N.Y. Bureau Chief, Bilalian Rev. Lee Ball, Methodist Federation for News (formerly Muhammad Speaks, official IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Social Action (one of the oldest identified newspaper of the Nation of Islam or Black Thursday, June 17, 1976 CPUSA fronts] . Muslims). Walker, active in numerous Vernon Bellecom·t, American I ndian Move­ CPUSA-fronts, was first president of U.S. Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I period­ ment. section of the International Organization of Eddie Boorstein [the Castroite author of ically review for myself the status of Fed­ Journalists (IOJ), an international Soviet­ eral assistance to drug law enforcement "The Economic Transformation of Cuba"]. controlled front. Anne Braden, Southern Institute for Prop­ and drug addict treatment and preven­ Cora. Weiss [a leader of Women Strike for tion programs. The May 1976 edition of aganda and Organizing [identified CPUSA Peace currently organizing for the July • organizer]. Coalition in planning disruptions of the Bi­ Focus, a publication of the Joint Center Hon. John Carro [attended the Soviet­ centennial in Philadelphia) . for Political Studies, looks at the current sponsored World Peace Council meeting to Howard Willlams, Local 1199 [Drug and Federal effort compared to the need. Mr. promote the Puerto Rican Socialist Party as Hospital Workers Union, controlled by tbe Speaker, for the edification of my col­ the leader of the Puerto Rican independence CPUSA] . movement in Havana in 1975. Carro is a leagues, I am incorporating into the N.Y. Criminal Court judge who was once Jane Wood, Chelsea Coalition on Housing RECORD the article by Gloria Cousar and the young Lee Harvey Oswald's social worker: [and the oldest person to go to Cuba on the Joan Harris from the May edition of later he was the law partner of attorney Mark Venceremos Brigade] . Focus. The article follows: William Worthy. Lane]. I>Ruo ABuSE: AssiSTANCE PROGRAMS Quentin Young, M.D., [who evaded answer­ June Jackson Christmas, M.D. (By Glorla Cousar and Joan Harris) Ruth Gage-Colby, Fellowship of Reconcili­ ing under oath whether or not he was a mem­ ation [an inveterate supporter of CPUSA ber of a CPUSA doctors club in Chicago}. (The authors are members of a team of researchers, under the direction of JCPS re­ fronts and causes; previously her sponsor­ Sponsoring organizations include: Casa ship identifications were generally as leader search director Herrington J. Bryce, currently of the Chelsea (N.Y.C.) Women's Interna­ de las Americas; Center for Cuban Stu­ conducting a survey to assess elected officials' tional League for Peace and F'J:eedom chap­ dies; Centro Dominicano de Asistencia perceptions of drug abuse problems and to Social-CEDOAS; El Comite, MINP; determine their awareness of fun

FEDERAL AGENCY ASSISTA~CE . is scheduled to decline substantially over along with legislation to ~eal with program The National Institute on Drug Abuse the term of a program operation. In some implementation and evaluation, can be· the (NIDA), the National Institute- of Mental instances, an initial Federal share of 80 per­ foundation for greater involvement ·by those Health (NIMH) and the National Institute cent of program costs will dwindle down to concez:ned with drug abuse problems in dis­ on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) as little as 40 percent, thus pressuring local advantaged areas. Local program sponsors are three major sources of categorical as­ communities to increase their contribution, and elected officials need to develop an ac­ sistance located within the Department of seek· private or state funding or cancel the curate and on-going assessment of commun­ Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW). program altogether. Reliance on bloc grant ity needs. In addition, they must be able to These three agencies are coordinated through funds to bail out programs will only sustain determine drug abuse programs as an area HEW's Office of the Assistant Secretary for a few community efforts. of priority need, given recognition. of the Health under an umbrella unit called the Drug treatment programs offered by Fed­ incidence of drug abuse and related. social Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Ad­ eral agencies are in a particular bind as problems occurring wtihin their commu­ ministration (ADAMHA). ADAMHA can pro­ fiscal year 1977 comes into view. During the nities. The formation of local plans to ad­ vide funding assistance for the rehabilitation last three fiscal periods. HEW policy has dress these considerations is a solid basis of individual drug users charged with crim­ been to withdraw support for the establish­ for participation within regional task forces inal offenses. In addition, ADAMHA admin­ ment of new community facilities, and to and for impact on the state and federal gov­ isters much of the funding to states and cut back the number of grants for new serv­ ernments which determine where funding handles a. variety of non-financial services. ices. Much of the funding available through will be distributed. Knowledge gained in NIDA has control over the greatest amount the Drug Abuse Community Service Program, such participation is extremely helpful in of direct financial assistance for community the Narcotic Addicts Rehab111tation Act and generating funding support for drug pro­ drug abuse research, training, treatment and the Community Mental Health Centers Pro­ gramming from private sources. education. In addition:, new legislation to gram has been limited to the support of ex­ The need for minority elected officials to amend the Drug Abuse Office and Treatment isting operations. Likewise, special program be well informed about the problem of drug Act of 1972 has given NIDA responsibility for funding for the treatment of alcoholics is abuse and the various assistance programs providing programmatic technical assistance not expected to increase during fiscal year available to them in dealing with the prob­ to states and local governments. It further­ 1976. lem in their communities, cannot be over more makes NIDA responsible for reviewing The declining trends in drug treatment emphasized. Indeed, it is a must, if avail­ and approving state plans for drug abuse support are also based on an assumption by able resources, which are threatened by the treatment and prevention, a procedure which the administration that insurance companies, rising costs associated with drug abuse, are NIDA must complete by September 15 of the Medicaid and "third party" payments will to be equitably distributed among all eLe­ fiscal year or 60 days after states submit their become major sources of financial a-id. How­ ments of society. plans-whichever is longest. ever, legislation to enact a National Health Assistance for the establishment of com­ Insurance System has not been passed. More­ munity health centers in which drug addicts over, traditional models of health insurance may be treated is handled by NIMH, while have not advanced to the point where all THE BALANCE(S) OF POWER: III NIAAA deals broadly with assistance for al­ costs associated with the treatment and re­ habilitation of drug addicts can be covered. (tiD-STRATEGIC OFFENSIVE BAL­ coholics, problem drinkers and their families. ANCE Activities supported by NIAAA include com­ SINGLE STATE AGENCIES prehensive medical services, preventive dem­ Public Law 92-255 requires states desirous onstration programs, research and training of of federal assistance to establish single state HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE program staff. Other HEW agencies involved agencies for the purpose of coordinating the OF KENTUCKY with drug-related activities include the So­ overall state effort in drug abuse prevention cial and Rehabilitation Service, the Na­ and treatment. In line with this mandate, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional Institutes of Health and the Office of single state agencies are responsible for plan­ Thursday, June 17, 1976 Health Development, although to a lesser ex­ ning and for reviewing the applications from tent than NIDA. substate governments, institutions and non­ Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. a.neaker, as Within the Department of Justice, direct profit agencies for federal assistance. other part of my series on "The Balances of law enforcement support including labora­ functions handled by single state agencies Power,'' I inserted an article in the June tory analysis, training of personnel and pub­ include the collection of comprehensive data 2 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD whose author lic education information, may be obtained and preparation of the state plan, the licens­ stated the case against counterforce from the Drug Enforcement Administration ing of facilities, personnel certification, the (DEA). The majority of DEA assistance is­ accreditation of training programs and the capability in U.S. strategy. either technical or service-oriented, rather coordination of law enforcement activities Today I wish to insert argument in fa­ than of a financial nature. Indirect support pertinent to drug abuse prevention. Thus, vor of count~rforce stated in Strategic for drug abuse control is available from the single state agencies are primary vehicles for Review, volume m, No. 4, fall 1975, by Law Enforcement Assistance Administration shaping statewide drug abuse treatment and Amoretta M. Hoeber and Francis P. Hoe­ (LEAA) as part of its bloc grants program. rehabilitation policy, assessing state needs, ber. Amoretta Hoeber has been employed Additional laboratory analyses and training determining priorities for the distribution of in the strategic military. research field services are offered by the Bureau of Alcohol, state and federal funding, administering pro­ Tobacco and Firearms which is a unit of the gram planning, licensing and evaluation. since 1963 at the Stanford Research In­ Treasury Department. Earlier this year, evidence provided at stitute's Strategic Studies Center, the Designating a portion of bloc grant funds hearings before the Senate Labor and Public strategic branch of Analytical Services, for local drug abuse programming is one Welfare Committee revealed the existence of Inc., the Rand Corp., as head of the· Mili­ way to :receive financial assistance. For ex­ numerous problems regarding biased im­ tary Policy Analysis Department of Gen­ ample, communities may elect to devote a plementation and coordination of both state eral Research Corp. and recently at Sys­ portion of federal revenue sharing funds for and federal agency functions. The commit­ tem Planning Corp. Francis Hoeber has planning and implementing a local drug tee issued a report stating that systems o! been employed since 1953 is head of cost­ program. This is a realistic approach for a substate planning must assure equitable al­ ing at the operating research office, at local effort, especially for communities in location of resources throughout the state. states which do not consider funding of drug Furthermore, federal requirements now pro­ Borg-Warner Corp., as a partner of prevention and treatment activities a high vide that state plans which do not indicate Williams, Hoeber, Fox & Senderling, priority. treatment and prevention programs com­ at Stanford Research Institute arid the FEDERAL FUNDING STATUS mensurate with the extent of drug abuse E. P. Hoeber Corp., economic and de­ Recent activity within the House Appro­ problems may not be approved by NIDA. fense consultants. priations Labor-Health, Education, and NEED FOR MINORITY ADVOCACY The article follows: Welfare Subcommittee indicates that exist­ The history of civil rights and equal op­ STRATEGIC OFFENSIVE BALANCE ing federal support for drug abuse preven­ portunity legislation provides two good ex­ One school of American strategic theorists tion will be sustained through the three­ amples of the impact which minority elected believes that the threat of assured destruc­ month transition quarter between fiscal officials and organizations can have on the tion of urban-industrial targets as a deter­ years 1976-77. Transitional appropriations by direction of social programs at the national rent is forever adequate and can be achieved Congress in the amount of $29-mUlion rep­ _level. Clearly, there is a need for state and with a nuclear strategic force tha.t is not­ resents a $17-million increase over the federal policies to assure a more sensitive pos­ and should not be--capable of war-fighting. amount originally requested by the admin­ ture regarding the problems of low-income This school has been focusing in recent istration. and minority communities with drug abuse months on attacking the development of Despite continued federal support for· problems. Elected offi_cials, particularly, can U.S. strategic nucloor counterforce doctrine drug abuse prevention, many local programs work toward developing specific mechanisms and, in particular, the development of those are underfunded. A significant portion of within the existing array of public task technological advances that would support project and formula grants to local recipients forces, regional planning bodies and other such a doctrine . . . was distributed under multi-year funding drug abuse policy-making bodies. On the contrary, we believe that there are plans in which the Federal share of financing The importance of single-state agencies, numerous potential advantages, worth con- 19052 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 tinuing a.nalysis and debate, in not placing a. considerable period of time, the U.S. would perience and precedent, th1s line of argu­ sole strategic rellance on countervalue doc­ have time to launch most of its Minuteman ment assumes that the behavior of states trines and that the U.S. should therefore n<>t misslles before they were attacked. Launch during nucl_ear war 1s fully predictable and now foreclose oounterforce alternatives. on warning, or launch ..out from under," is. that it w1ll be nonrationa.L The incentives Three categories o! doctrine come under of course, an extremely dangerous proposi­ to escalate to a coun1ierva.lue attack are over­ at tack: tion. In peacetime, launch-on-warning doc­ simplified and treated as certain and total. Disarming first strike counterforce; trine may make a contribution to deter­ Incentives to paure, to de-escalate, are non­ Damage-limiting counterforce; rence, and indeed may be dlftlcult to elim­ e~stent. Neither side has any incentives to Restrained counterforce. inate, since the capacity is to some extent save its people or to seek war termination Disarming flrst strike is usually defined inherent in any force that is capable of quick short of holocaust. as a counterforce attack effective enough so response. Once an attack is underway, how­ These seem to us to be among the most that whatever forces remain to the attacked ever, deterrence has failed and the question basic political issues that could face national party will not be able to lnfiict an intoler­ becomes one of whether the implementation decision-makers, and y-et we are told that able degree of damage on the att-acker. Not of a launch-on-warning doctrine makes any their decision-making is so predictable that only is the U.S. not seeking to a~hleve a dis­ sense at all. With almost zero decision­ the whole matter is one of technological feas­ arming first strike capability but, assuming making time avallable, the po!lcy question ibility. It really is not that simple; deter­ that sea-l.a,unched nuclear weapons are now­ would arise, launch-on-warning against rence is a state of mind, in and of itself a and wlll be for the foreseeable future--essen­ what? A case might possibly be made that complex phenomenon, apparently often not tially invulnerable at sea., and given that it would be useful to launch against Soviet recognized by those who argue against coun­ these forces comprise a large portion of each force targets, thus preserving a better bal­ terforce capability. There are two schools of side's nuclear weapons, it is clear that a. dis­ ance of forces than if we simply permit Min­ thought about maximizing nuclear deter­ arming first strike by either the U.S. or the uteman to be lost; but certainly we should rence: (1) the belief that deterrence 1s max­ USSR is impossible. This is a matter on which not launch against Soviet value targets, i.e.. imized by threatening massive destruction of there is wide agreement. However, this con­ immediately escalate the war to attempts cities with the killing of millions of inno­ sensus does not extend to the questions of by each side to destroy the other. To the cent men, women and children in response the capability for, or the value of, a partially writers, the arguments against counterva.lue to any, or at least a very wide range of, mil­ disarming attack-that is, a capa.btlity to de­ launch-on-warning are overwhelming, no.t itary aggressions; and (2) the belief that stroy one or two of the elements of the stra­ only in peacetime, but;. precisely when it 1s deterrence is maximized by the capacity to tegic forces, for example, the ICBM forces. certain that an attack is underway. apply force, including but not exclusively nuclear force. in a measured fashion, against Opponents of the development of U.S. A good deal of th& common argumenta­ tion against counterforce doctrine and ca.pa­ a. wide range of targets,. consistent with the co"Lmterforce capability often argue that it nature of the transgression and designed to could do neither side any good to destroy blllties implies or states that It Js inappro­ priate for U.S. strategic forces to be targeted. avoid the deaths of innocents whfle maxi­ the other's ICBMs on an initial strike, only mizing the incentive to cease aggression and to have the victim retaliate by destroying the against Soviet military targets. and that this would be a departure from the past practice seek a peaceful resolution before suicidal de­ aggressor's society with SLBMs and manned struction results. While neither school can bombers. This logic is, of course, valid. It or targeting cities. Of course this is- not true, since U.S. (and Soviet) doctrine has always lay claim to divine revelation, there are argu­ hides, however, a number of important as­ ments.. often totally ignored, which lend sumptions. First, it assumes implicitly that provided for attacks aga.lnst forces, both nu­ clear and nonnuclear, of the other side. The credence to the latter concept. Some of these weapons are useful only in terms of their are discussed in the next section. military capablllties, not in terms of their new element in evolving U.S. strategy is that the new technology will permit truly effec­ The third variety of counter!orce is vari­ political impact. Can one really assume that ously termed Restrained Counter!orce, Lim­ there would be no political impact among tive hard-target attacks, attacks wh.lc.h could provide severe retaliatory punishment to ag­ ited Strategic Operations,. Flexible Options, nations 1f one of the powers had a markedly Crisis Control Strategy, and so on. This type and perceivably greater disarming capability gression while retaining many targets unhit and thus hostage to future a-ttacks and while of counterforce, in contrast to either dis­ than the other, even if it were still only arming first strike or damage-limiting coun­ partial? ... Military force can be used for sparing innocent population. One wonders if there is any historical precedent for a war terforce, does not have as its primary pur­ coercive purposes in ways that the threat pose the major reduction of the other side's of massive city a1itack is totally incapable in which the milltary forces of the opposing sides were immune from attack?- How strange capablllty. Rather it focuses on the dual ob­ of counteracting. Secondly, can one confi­ jective of performing a milltary task, which dently assume that submarines at sea wlll it would be in the nuclear age to ln1t1ate such a. practice, making mllliODS of mnocents may be rather- limited rn scope but is stlll forever remain wholly invulnerable? One of slgnHlcant importance, and demonstrat­ the prime if not the sole target. system. might well be cautious about the absolute ing resolve to discourage further escalation Prior the question o! to. l&unch assurance on this score offered by those who to wh-at of the confilct. subscribe to the above logic. • • against Is, of course, whe.ther or not the U.S w1ll have any Minuteman. missiles to launch No rational statesman is ever likely to Furthermore, the assumption is implicit utilize even one nuciear weapon casually. that an incomplete disarming st1"ike. would at all. The assumption that there will be considerable numbers of missiles to launch Nor do those who support a more fiexible certainly and inevitably be met by counter­ nuclear capablllty claim that. this wlll make value retaliation. It 18 not at all clea.r that 1n the short time between the beginning and the end of the attack on the Minuteman the use of nuclear weapons a trivial matter thi.s is true, particularly in the case of a which somehow conveys a hidden blessing possible Soviet first strike against Minute­ fields is critically dependent on details of the fratricide problem. upon aggressor or defender. But by the same man. If after the first strike, the receiving token, in a dire situation, one in which the side indeed had remaining capabilities to do Fratricide is little understood; there is no deterrent to war has already collapsed, per­ substantial damage to the other, but the­ empirical d-ata. It is the belief of many ex­ haps one. where a conventional military de­ is side strlking ftrst also had such remaining perts that there a large variety of ways of feat of profound proportions ~Y face the capability, then the supposedly inevitable­ optimizing an attack in the face ot the frat­ Western Alliance, a selective, discrtmlnate retaUatlon would be a suicidal move. Negotia­ ricide effects. (One of these 1s a high degree use of nuclear weapons may force an ag­ tions, and conceivably even surrender, might of simultaneity, while it 1s agreed is dlftlcult gressor to cease his Druaitary attack for fear appear much more attractive options, to say to achieve but is not impossible.) Further­ of still graver consequences to follow. This nothing of limited noncountervalue re­ more, if the effects of fra.trlcide apply, an is not a hollow message or a game of chicken. sponses. attacker might be able to make use of the Such an attack could in and of itsel! im­ But if the U.S. were then deterred from a reciprocal of fratricide, namely pin-down, pair the capacity of an enemy to pursue his countervalue response by residual Soviet the mechanism by which the explosion in the attack, but more important, it provides an forces threatening countervalue retaliation proper position of an attacker's ft:rst weapons incentive to seek a political settlement be­ to that response, and sel!-deterred from pnay prevent for a signUlcant length of fore the war goes further. The logic of this any noncountervalue response because of time the fiy-out of the attacked ICBMs. approach, supported by technology that· choices in doctrine and capability made in Thus, launch-on-warning may be infeasible would permit its implementation, lends the past, would not the Soviets have gained as well as inadvisable. credibility to its possible application, thereby a great deal 1n bargaining power from this We turn now to the second postulated enhancing deterrence. partial counterforce first strike? Might they category of counterforce, damage-limiting. not have the option of following up with a. This is usually defined as strategy under second counterforce strike against other mil­ which, after a Soviet first strike, U.S. coun­ itary targets in a United States which had terforce capability would be applied against TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO TODAY foresworn counterforce attacks of its own? remaining Soviet nuclear forces in order to In addition to the claim that a capabllity reduce the further damage that could be for a partially disarming :first strike has no done to the United States. The argument HON. CHARLES E. WIGGINS against this capability or doctrine is .usually value. it is often argued that such a strike OF CALIFORNIA by the USSR aga.ins~ _the u.s. Minuteman. based on the assumption that damage-limit­ force is impossible because fratricide con­ ing is a technologieal impossibility, since if IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES straints will allow the U.S. to launch on a weapon is threatened with destruction it Thursday, June 17, 1976 first detonation. That is, since the possi­ will be u sed before it can be destroyed­ bility of fratricide will force the attacker to the obverse of the argument for U.S. launch­ Mr. WIGGINS. Mr. Speaker, 200 years allocate his RVs so that they detonate over on-warning. Despite the utter lack of ex- ago, on June 19, 1776, responding to a June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19053 With that in mind, then, it is not surpris­ Based on t estimony like that, t he subcom­ letter from New Jersey authorities, the ing, Mr. Chairman, that the Select Commit­ mittee's final report was very specific. It Continental Congress advised those of­ tee on Aging has endorsed the type of legis­ said: "Most of the major programs described ficials that they should proceed with lation which your subcommittee has under in this report provide money only for capital their inquiry to determine if deposed consideration at the present time. This legis­ expenses. Yet the subcommittee is con ­ Gov. William Franklin, natural son of lation, which wox•\d provide operating assist­ vinced, from it s hearings and other informa ­ Benjamin Franklin, should be impris­ ance to transport:.. ~on projects in non-urban t ion available, that it is operating expenses oned because of his loyalist sympathies. areas, is very crucb..l in rural areas and small t hat represent the greatest need. Estimat es Imprisoned at East Windsor, Conn., towns-and absolutely imperative for the of t he relative amounts needed for operat ion elderly and the handicapped. ranged upward from 75 percent of the tot al. where he was harshly treated, he was In its final report, issued only last mont h, Without assistance in meeting operating ex­ released in 1778 in an exchange for John the Select Committee's Subcommittee re­ penses, most transit services to the elderly McKinley, Governor of Delaware. In ported: "Virtually all rural persons are poorly cannot survive." 1782 William Franklin left for England served by public transit, and the rural el­ In my home state of Iowa, Mr. Ch airman, where he remained until his death. derly-between five and six million-are no we h ave had a particularly graphic-and, un­ Until the Revolution, William had exception. Distances are greater, populations forttmately, a very typical-example of what been close to his famous father. How­ less dense, and incomes among the elderly happens when on-going operating funds are are generally lower than in urban areas. . . • not available for specialized transportation ever, his adherence to the royal cause In rural areas, with the exception of rela­ projects. estranged him from his father, who, tively infrequent inter-city bus or rail serv­ Local governments in a seven-count y area after failing to win him over to the side ices, there is often no public transportation around Cedar Rapids, Iowa, developed a co­ of the patriots, characterized his son as of any kind. If the elderly wish to make trips ordinated and highly effective transporta­ "a thorough government man." to clinics, go shopping or just socialize, they tion program for older people called must either drive themselves or be driven. S.E.A.T.S. (States Elderly Area Transport a­ Furthermore there are no public programs tion System) with funding from Title 3 of for providing rural transportation that cor­ the Older Americans Act. The initiai funding THE CRISIS IN RURAL AND SPECIAL­ respond to urban programs, with the excep­ was for start-up costs and an 18-month pilot IZED TRANSPORTATION tion of the Interstate Highway Program, program which proved to be well received which of course, is postulated on the as­ and well used. However, it proved to be just sumption that a motor vehicle is available." enough to get things going. It gave elderly HON. MICHAEL T. BLOUIN In our opinion, Mr. Chairman, nothing residents in that part of the state a taste of OF IOWA contributes more directly to the transporta­ the kind of transportation services which IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion problems of Older Americans than the could be provided if local governments absence of on-going operating funds for spe­ worked together and had the funding they Thursday, June 17, 1976 cializing transportation programs which needed to do a reasonable job. Mr. BLOUIN. Mr. Speaker, earlier to­ could, at least in part, alleviate their trans­ Tragically, this program was forced to shut day, I had the distinct honor to testify portation handicap. down entirely about a year ago because its before the Subcommittee on Surface It is somewhat curious, and in small way initial start-up funding ran out and addi­ disappointing, that among all the experts tional, on-going support was not available. Transportation of the House Public and non-experts alike who testified before Local governments have been struggling as works and Transportation Committee the Aging subcommittee's recent series of best they can to patch up a substitute sys­ and to present to the subcommittee the public hearings, only one group seems unable tem, but they have faced almost insurmount ­ viewPoints of the House Select Commit­ to accept the need for operating assistance to able problems of logistics and financing. tee on Aging relevant to legislation be­ rural and specialiZed transportation pro­ They have been able so far to retain the skel­ fore the subcommittee which would au­ grams. That one exception is the Department eton of a regional transportation program thorize Federal assistance to nonurban of Transportation. for elderly people, but it is a highly dis­ transportation systems for operating ex­ Spokesmen for the Department, in a va­ jointed system. The unity and coordination riety of forums, have repeatedly asked for a which marked the original, multi-county penses. delay in any legislation which could author­ joint program is necessarily missing in its The Select Committee on Aging con­ ize such assistance. descendent because each county is left on its siders this type of legislation essential to Testifying before this subcommittee on own to find the funding needed to operate the eventual provision of adequate trans­ June 2nd, the administrator of the Urban ~he program. portation services for elderly and handi­ Mass Transit Administration, Mr. Patricelli, For the 30.000 area elderly residents who capped people. claimed the Department needs those delays once enjoyed a relatively sophisticated and Because the issue is one which should because there are, in Its opinion, "substantial integrated transportation system, the col­ be of special importance to every Mem­ uncertainties about the scope and magnitude lapse of the S.E.A.T.S. program has been a ber of this body, and because the Select of the small town and rural transportation very real tragedy. It need never have hap­ Committee wishes share its recom­ problem." Given the Department's logic, it is pened if adequate funding had been availa­ to "premature to move at this time to provide ble to continue the program once start-up mendations with the House, I include the operating assistance to non-urbanized areas" funds ran out. It need not have happened full text of my testimony in the RECORD: in the absence of results from the Rural if the kind of on-going operating assistance Good morning, Mr. Chairman and members Highway Public Transportation Demonstra­ envisioned by the legislation before you today of the subcommittee. I want you to know tion Program, according to Mr. Patricelli's bad been available. that I consider it a distinct honor and pleas­ testimony. The collapse of the S.E.A.T.S. program was ure to appear before the subcommittee today In short, the Department seems to be say­ very much on the minds of the participants on behalf of the House Select Committee on ing that we don't have the facts yet. That in a state-wide, intergovernmental confer ­ Aging. the evidence is lacking. That we have not ence on Rural Transportation Problems of As you may know, the Select Committee actually documented the need for operating the Elderly and Handicapped which my of­ and its Subcommittee on Federal, State, and assistance. flee organized last January in Iowa. Community Services have just completed an I submit to the contrary that we have the That Iowa conference summarized it s con­ extensive and comprehensive study on the facts-and the facts are clear enough. "At the clusions in a series of nine policy recommen ­ transportation problems of elderly people. It present time," the select Committee's Sub­ dations which I presented to the Aging Com ­ is an area in which members of the Select committee on Federal, State and Community mit tee's Subcommittee on Federal, State and Committee have taken a special interest, sim­ Services reported, "the problem of continu­ Commun ity Services earlier this year. One of ply because transportation is one of the most ity in project funding is one of the most those recommendations, which the confer ­ critical problems which face older people in serious faced by special transportation proj­ ence placed high on its priority list , urged America today. The subcommittee concluded ects. Many projects have had to be discon­ "that a program be established to insm·e t hat "older Americans a1·e severely hampered tinued because of difficulties in obtaining Federal support of operational deficits and in getting to and from places they need to that the share of Federal funding of the op­ travel." It said one recent survey showed regularized funding." No less an authoritative source than the erat ion al cost s be set at a maximum of 50 that one-third of the poor elderly have se­ percent of such deficits." rious transportation difficulti~s. "In many U.S. Commissioner on Aging, Dr. Arthur areas," the subcommittee reported, "there is Flemming, told the Subcommittee at one In its report, the Iowa conference ex­ no public transportation at all. Often when point during its hearings: "I think the more plained: it exists, it goes to the wrong place at the we can loosen up the funds . . . so they can "The concensus of the conference was that wrong times for older Americans. Reduced be used not only for capital but also for current legislation providing for reimburse­ fare programs help some persons, but leave operating purposes, t he better off we will ment of capital expenditures with little or 1nany still unserved." all be." uo . upport of operat ional costs unduly hand- 19054 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 leaps rural areas In developing transportation Senate's Banking, Currency and Urban Af­ GREAT LAKES WATER LEVELS systems. Indications are that operational fairs Committee reported: "It has become costs typica1ly comprise approximately 80 evident to the committee that increasing CONTINUE ANNUAL RISE percent of the total expenditures of a trans­ passenger revenues cannot meet operating ex­ portation system. Securing funds for such op­ penses; that the problem is national in its HON. CHARLES A. VANIK erational expenses in advance of any indica­ dimensions; and that if mass transit is to tion a.s to the relative success of the system perform an essential public service. Federal OF OHIO is extremely dimcult. Therefore, the Federal support for operating expenses is a pre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES government should pass enabling legislation requisite." Thursday, June 17, 1976 t o assume a greater fiscal responsibility in the I can assure the members of the subcom­ operational costs of a system, to assure con­ mittee that the need is no less urgent for Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, the monthly tinuance of the programs urgently operated rural, small town and specialized transporta­ bulletin of lake levels for the Great in lieu of their demise due to lack of funding. tion programs. If anything, the need is even Lakes for May 1976 is now available. Its "This motion should not be construed to greater. Because specialized transportation mean that the conference participants sug­ programs serve a smaller constituency, often figures show that extremely high water gest a capital expenditure program be deleted dispersed over a wide area, and must by their levels continue--some are within only from the Federal legislation. Assistance with very nature provide a more customized serv­ several inches of the historical highs of the initial start-up cost remains a primary ice, it is even less likely that passenger rev­ 1972-73. The Corps of Engineers' water consideration. enues can ever support such systems entirely. levels newsletter states matter of factly "Additionally, conference participants dis­ As the Aging Committee's Federal, State and that levels are expected to be above the cussed at length the percentage which might Community Services Subcommittee noted in long-term averages during the next 6 be applied to State and local sources but con­ its final report, months. cluded that such percentages were neither .. Since all regular transit operators in 1975 germane to the Federal legislation nor nec­ experienced operating deficits totalling $1.7 Starting with the worst, Mr. Speaker, essarily constant in all State and local situa­ billion, we cannot expect systems serving a Lake St. Clair was 27 inches above its tions. State and local governments vary specialized publlc in a specialized way to long-term average for the month of May. greatly as to the degree of support they may meet their operating costs from the farebox." My own district's Lake Erie, along with be capable of providing and the conference In fact, the subcommittee added, "No tares Lakes Michigan-Huron-treated as a participants felt that such determination are permitted on many special systems serv­ single hydrological unit-are both 25 should be handled at the appropriate gov­ ing the elderly." inches over long-term averages. Lake ernment level." Mr. Chairman, and members of the sub­ Ontario is 23 inches over its long-term Following our conference in Iowa last Jan­ committee, in summary I would like to touch briefly on three points. average. Lake Superior is 8 inches over uary, I had the opportunity to present its its long-term average. recommendations to the Aging subcommit­ On behalf ot the Select Committee on tee. In its final report, that subcommittee Aging and myself, I want to urge the sub­ All the Great Lakes have steadily risen agreed with the conclusions we had reached. committee to act positively on the legislation since winter and the Corps of Engineers' back in Iowa; it, too, placed a high priority before you today which would permit the ex­ summary forecasts that the "lakes should on operating assistance for specialiZed trans­ penditure of Section 3 National Mass Trans­ peak this summer at about 3 or 4 inches portation programs. The subcommittee's re­ portation Act funds for non-urban areas for below all-time records." While there may· port, which was later endorsed by the full operating expenses. be some reason for long-term optimism, House Select Committee, called in part for Secondly, I think it would be very helpful, the type of legislative remedy which the leg­ current conditions remain disastrous to in View ot the fact that very little. planning too many Great Lakes property owners. islation before you today proposes. has been done in relation to either Section The problem with present programs of as­ 3 of the Mass Transportation Act or Section Spring and early summer is an espe­ sistance, as we see it, is that there is a sharp 147 of the Federal Aid to Highways Act, that cially crucial period for Great Lakes difference between the availability of fund­ language be included in the final committee shoreline property owners. Spring rains ing for operating expenses and for capital report urging the Department of Tra.nsporta..­ coupled with snow meltoff usually put expenses, with a very definite (and. aa I tlon and UMTA to develop a comprehensive believe the record shows, a very devastating) more water into. watersheds than at any plan by which rural transportation moneys other time~ Spring storms then whip up bias in favor of capital funding alone. can be spent and that they develop a method­ This condition is particularly obvious ill ology for meaningful evaluation of rural and these extra-high waters and batter de­ funding provided by the Urban Mass Trans­ specialized transportation programs. With­ fenseless shorelines. Beaches that pre­ portation Administration (UMTA). For ex­ out these procedures. there is very little guar­ viously helped break the terrific force of ample, of the $ll.S billion, six-year program antee that Federal assistance to non-urban storm-driven waves have since been cov­ established by Congress under the Na.tional transportation programs will ever achieve­ m·ed with at least 2 feet of water. Con­ Mass Transportation Assistance Act as its goals in an effective and meaningful way. sequently, shores are hit with the full amended in 1974, $7.3 blllion (about two­ Finally, I want to stress what we consider fury of the powerful waves. thirds of the total) is restricted to capital to be the uniqueness of the rural or special­ The Ohio shore of Lake Erie, because expenditures on a categorical basis. The re­ ized transportation handicap. It is my hope maining $4 billion is available for operating that w& would not confuse Federal assistance of geology and prevailing winds, has costs at the option of the local recipient--and to non-urban and specialized transportation some of the worst shoreline e1·osion of even that small amount goes only inciden­ programs with the partisan arguments over all of the Great Lakes. Corps of Engineer tally to benefit the elderly who obviouly have assistance to urban mas& transit operating officials, for example, last year showed very special transportation needs which, by expenses. While there are obvious similari­ me documents that rated the city of their very nature, are costly and cannot be ties between urban mass transit and non­ self-supporting. urban transportation programs, there are Willowick, Ohi.o, a city in my congres­ Our concern, Mr. Chairman, is that the some very important differences. In the case sional district east of Cleveland, as the $450 million remaining to be spent under of elderly transportation program&, for in­ worst erosion site on the Great Lakes. Section 3 of that legislation, which 1s re­ stance, we should remember that Older Entire homes, cottages and garages, and served for transportation assistance to non­ Americans are dependent on adequate trans­ huge amounts of valuable land have all urban areas, should be available for on-go­ portation services for the wide range of so­ been dumped into the lake below. ing operating expenses as well as capital ex­ cial and medical services which are so im­ penses. Obviously, that amount of federal portant in their lives. Without adequate ac­ The most excruciating part of wat-ch­ assistance authorized under Section 3 for cess to these services, without adequate ing one's home or property being eaten nonurban areas ($500 million over a six-year transportation systems which provide that up by high water erosion is its slowness. period) is small, but it is a start and it could access, the elderly are left literally isolated in A house and a hundred feet of green lawn prove to be a particUlarly effective start if their homes, deprived and denied a full par­ those funds were available to support (and ticipation in the social, political and eco­ does not disappear overnight, but bit by in many cases, no doubt, to rescue) rural nomic affairs of their communities. bit, a foot here and a foot there. Each specialized transportation programs which Mr. Chairman, I want to thank you and the high wind or storm sees the waters might otherwise close down because operat­ members o:f the subcommittee for your invi­ whipped up to erode more supporting ing assistance is not available to keep them tation to be here and for your attention here soil. going. this morning. On behalf of the Select Com­ Additionally, there is little that most As you may be well aware, Congress mittee on Aging, I want to reiterate our recognized the need for operating assistance support for the legislation before you today people can afford to do to stop the relent­ to urban transit systems in 1974, when it and assure you that we stand willing and less erosion that high water levels cause. amended the present law. At that time, the anxious to assist you in any way we can. Last ditch landfills of automobile tires, June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19055 him to seek the office of finance and wat er for use in development of Snow Hinton Park, scrap metal, and loose fill all ~nd up _de­ commissioner in 1961. to the Cancer Society~ the Heart Fund or any feated. Even exPensive protection dev1ces Ac; a man and as a political leader, Snow other charitable or memorial fund. thai< they of rock and steel or interlocking cement Hinton was universally respected. But few may feel is ben.efic.ial to this community or barriers ev.entuall.y wind up reduced to ecver realized ha::w deeply his contributlo.ns to humanity. rubble and visual pollution by the fury were involved in making:th1s a better com­ The mayor's mark on his city will be last ­ of storm-driven water-; munity b y solving seemingly insoluble prob­ ing and those who maintained even a casual lems. acquaintance with him will not soon forget Although a 10-yea.r comp1·.ehensive him. was completed. in 1974, He was the last official still in office who water levels study was in power. during- thtJ tim~ this city saw He loved his family, his city and his job the Intem.atioDal Joint CommissiOn has its greatest social upheaval-the turbulent as mayor of that city. yet to put any-of the alternative regula­ early to mid-1960s. Thestr were qualities that were apparent tion plans into effect. Each of the plans mntan was a balancing factor in a city in almost e.veqthing. he said or did. He was ds capable of reducing the enurmous torn oy racial and cultural unrest during a rare individual. water level :fluctuations that plague the those critical years. Great Lakes. The IJC is currently in the Many were_ the times. then and later when [Ftom the Tusc.aloosa- GraJ?hic] a potentially explosive sit.uatton just seemed process printing the final recommen­ TUs.CAL~S Glu:AT MAY.DR at to dissol.Ye, to go away. Quite o!.ten. Snow dations for. report to the governments. I Hinton was at the roat of the solution-be­ Tusc loosa; halt su1fered grievously 1a the hope that it w.ill be availabie·to the public ginning, with l:US quiet, calm awl fiiendly 1oM of MayQl' Clanmce· Sna Hinton. His within a weeks. approach to the varlollli factions 1n¥olved, tragic:: death. a: _ thtf age or 5:7 comes as a using b.is., talent. at getting people of..strongly savere: blow to our. city. Aside frmn.. the-pub­ dUrel'.ing vJe.ws together and. fincllng groun.da net loss of&. clJl.lgeD.t;anct fm:estghted mayor, :for an..acceptable .resolution. many.1 Tuscaloosarut feel his.. de ;t in a close personal way. Such.instances were numerous, some major MAYOB.SNOW HINTON OF Snow H1nton was a man of many friends TUSCALOOSA, ALA. and some lDlDoL The days of student unrest at thfto Un1ver.­ in all wallar of' 11f4 • Htr had a. way ol' re.auh­ sit7· of Alabama. were. a majo~imrtAnce. SDow iDg' p~ It' was- an tnnat• ability which HON·. WALTER FLOWERS Hinton was a.. vital key in resolvlng the prob­ enabled: him to WiJr tlie> respect' and. friend­ lems of that moment. ship' at people ~ wJdelT' diverm;mt. views, 01' ALABAMA Re was the foundation citplde m 1tull4- backgmund. and econmn1c posDl1on::. IN THE .HOUSE. OP RBPBESENTA'TIV.ES lng.- tbis community's exc.ellent relationship & l.angtim~ reJl'_Ott.ar of m.tyr Hall and Thursday# June· 1.'1, 1976 :with the Univeratty. observer of. local ~e:mment, this edito.r Long before he had a personal stake. in the marveled. at. the' ~ s im Winning Mr. FLOWERS. M~ Speaker; last fortunes and pra.blema at· Central Faundl'l'. ov.er- the:. young; tbJt elderl • students, b:usi­ month my. home town ot· Tuscaloosa. Bintan worked. hard with. labor aDd.~ n amL professional pe:ople, men and Ala., sutrer~a, tremendowlloss when our ment to find answem to pm:blema th&t wm:.e women.. blacks and wllttes. Ha wa;.. deeply- lntllreat.ed in. e.:v:ecything Mayor Snow Blnton J)assed &Wa¥ at the fast becoming a danger to the' well-being of tlmt: aaect.ed "rUscal!JOII&, its- gove.rnment; its age of 5.'7.. Snow had been may:or. o;f the· co.mmunlt;y. Hintonllad.a way with.p.eople. people; ita:: ecmmmicr future:. its culture, its Tuscaloosa. for_ the 7 J;ears-and. be­ past U was. nat\U'8l tn thaC. h8- genuinely liked wel.Jam--imytltlng; that. meant. something fore that was a member of our. city· cODlc­ and enjo3'ed...member.8 at the human specs-­ to:; TuacalCJOSIUlS. HW. ltnowled'ge of the: city mission. Hi& life and lona yeam of. publlc and umlezstiMld th~m. But, he also eamed a.nct all. .:tacms. of ita gQve.rnmental opera- service exemplified w.en what all of- us their respect and. trust by- b1a. conc:er.n: and 1ilODS' was ...t. ms lo far' Tuscaloosa. was should aspire to. bTteli1ng them. exacttr-what he· thought. 1ntenscf and his cftesms for its future were My years. in, Congress closely am>zoxi­ .He was a -man:.aLhfs.::worcL brllUant:. mate tJle tuna fut served. as_ Tuscaloosa~ Hinton used. the com.binatJ.on at_ these at­ Ha gave all who: approached him a courte­ In..a then, we were each tributell. to work.. tar th15· community time ous and sympathetic: hearing~ Many a time mayor.. tmie .sense this editor had. watched Snow Hinton listen r_epresenta.tiYe ami time again. other's CODStituen1 and. The water:d.epartm:ent ot the city saw many quietl &mL attentively- to often boring and and we worked tolldher an Jll&DY' impo:r­ 1mprovem~bJ.s-adrntntstrat1on. Lake smne.times: outrageous and preposterous tant projects and.lssues. He. was. an e1I.ec­ Tuscaloosa, a municipal' water supply aDd proposals-or compl.aints. Ybt. he managed' to tive and able. any; but above and beyond recreational bonanza, 1n a. war could. be con­ keep his cool through many a trying ses­ everything,else, he. was a close andvaJJie.d sidered a. monmnent- to Hinton. Th& project sion of the City Commission... He had a keen friend. We will Iniss' him grea~ •. and to as begun during his tenure as finance and wit and this helped soothe feelings and lead his entire-famlly and especially his loveb' water comm1ssJnner. to constructive discussion.. wife, Marllyn~ we. extend our deepest WheiL he talked. about the lake, the pride Snow B:lnto was a vlg.cn:ous. and dedi­ alwa¥8 came through ill hla ~ cated- municipal executive and Tuscaloosa sym,p.atb:y. As mayor. in addition to: a.veran responsi­ is the poorer because- or- his death. He was Ii:l order to acquaint my colleagues and bilities for city operation; he was direct su,. the kind of mayo who was. on call 24 hours others.with the: life and accomplishments pervisQr !ot: the. garbage and trash.calle:ction a day, seven days a week. Anyone who of my ftiend, I offer the following edi­ and street departments of "l'Uscaloosa. wanted to reach him: could, and did. We torials from the Tascaloosa N'ews and He kept' these fundamental but' somewhat never knew him to· take o1L for a vacation. Graphic, our hometown newspaper, fo? unromantic sounding services running well We recall he once had a vacation home on inclusion in the RECORD: despite the multitudinous. problems that Lake Tuscaloosa--a longtime municipal [Prom the TUscaloosa News, May 17, 1976] ha-ve afilicted all American cities during the dream of Mayor Hi.nton's- which he saw be­ last decade. come a reality. But. it was not a place o! HINTON RESPECTED AS MAN AND LEADER Hinton always looked. at th.e services from rest for the mayor. By-boat' and ca~ citizens Mayor C. Snow Hln.ton had a finger. on the the angle of the city customer, the taxpayer went to him to talk about some concern of pulse of every department in Tuscaloosa's who footed:the bill. theits. As usual, he gave them a respect ful municipal government structure. Hinton's He was touched when the Park and Recrea­ hearing: easy way With people, his ability to commu­ tion Authority (PABA) named the park. at Mayor Hint on had a broad understand­ nicate with fellow human beings- ftom: all the intersection of McParland. Bo.lllevam and ing of all. that" went on in city government. walks of life, were the oil on troubled wateiS Hargrove Road for him. But it was indeed He kept abreast of important developments many times. largely Hinton's skill at negotiation. that effecting the community; whether- economic Hinton died Sunday at Druid City Hospital. brought the land into local hands~ m: politicaL We doubt if any Tuscaloosan His passing leaves an emptiness on the As a husband, father and grandfather, was more knowledge.able. about various as­ t hird :floor at City Hall where the constant there was none prouder nor who enjoyed his pects of community activity. t raffic passed through his office-and among family more. s-now Hinton demonstrated intelligent his wide cirCle of. .family. friends and ac­ He was a - busy, busy man. Yet it was not quaintances ·out in the community. foresight in his leadership o! city atrairs. His uncommon to see him wit h a much priZed grasp of what city government was all about His roots in Tuscaloosa County life were grandchild in tow. d eep. And he cared deeply about his native was comprehensive. cit y and area. The ~eeling toward him within his family Mi'. Hinton was first elected to the City That attitude showed through clearly in was mutual. Commission in 1961 as fiilance and water the- way he administered his public duties. The family suggests that persons wishing. works commissioner. He waa re-elected to­ Hinton often said it was concern fo.r prob­ to. make memorial gifts may contribute to· a this position in 1965~ In 1969 he was elected lems in the public schools that prompted m emorial fund to be administered by PARA mayor and re-elected in 1973. CX.XII--1201- P art 15 19056 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 He loved his city and wanted to go on cession." His discussion of taxation, pri­ put into the bank, into savings, which in serving it as long as he thought he could give vate saving and consumption, capital turn go into other productive channels such it the 100 per cent effort that he gave as home-building loans. throughout his nearly 15 years on the City spending, and productivity is extremely important. Too often, only the infiation­ When taxes are cut for business, a busi­ Commission. Not long ago we talked to him ness 1s able to retain more of its income and one sunny afternoon about whether he woUld ary impact of the bill--of course bad put it into expanded operations; capital be running again in 1977. He spoke to us enough in itself-is discussed in analyz­ spending thus creates more productivity and privately and in confidence. ing the economic effects of H.R. 50, and more jobs in buUdlng trades or maehinery He was obviously tired and even then was the points made in this column are production or whatever. not feeling the best. But he replied, "I can't equally important and need special em­ Noting that the hearings held by the say, now, of course, what will happen that phasis. The article is herewith inserted Joint Economic Committee ~n the Hum­ far ahead. But the way I feel now, I will run for the benefit of all Members, and I phrey-Hawktns Bill coincided with the 30th if I think I can be of real service and if my anniversary of the Employment Act of 1946, strongly urge all to give it careful scru­ Taft concluded with another question. supporters want me." tiny: We woUld not attempt to set forth here HERE WE Go AGAIN "Where will it all end?" he asked. "Prob­ all the city's accomplishments during Mayor ably with a new committee, holding a new Snow Hinton's enlightened and productive One of the probable issues of t he 1976 set of hearings on the 3oth anniversary of tenure. We have mentioned his great love, presidential campaign is the Humphrey­ S. 50 (stlll) trying to write a new bill to get Lake Tuscaloosa. The efficiency of the water, Hawkins Blll, the dream child of Sen. Hubert the government still more deeply involved in H. Humphrey and Congressman Augustus picking up the pieces of an economy it shat­ garbage and street departments is a tribute Hawktns of California. to him. It is a fact that city finance has al­ tered in the first place." It also is known as "The Full Employment ways been sound and prudent. Mayor Hinton and Balanced Growth Act of 1976," and has was a businessman who was as scrupulous been designated as S. 50. What it principally in watching the publlc's tax dollar as he was purports to do 1s give every unemployed per­ 1n looking after his own. He tnsisted that son a job, at government expense, at a cost DON BOLLES outgo always balance with income. which has been estimated at $12 blllion a In the area of consolidated government year but which may be considerably greater and services he exhibited understanding and than that. Nobody really seems to know for HON. JOHN J. RHODES leadership. He knew that the taxpayer's sure. money would go farther through ellmtnatlon What it wlll do in effect, however, is to OF ARIZONA of duplication of effort and multiple buy­ share the wealth by resorting to the old WPA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing, and he made every effort to push con­ principle of the New Deal Depression days Thursday, June 17, 1976 solidation. The county-wide recreation pro­ of providing make-work jobs for the unem­ gram, solld waste collection and disposal sys­ ployed. It also wlll tax the producers in be­ Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, last Sun­ tem, and jaU consolldatlon are examples of half of the non-producers by putting the lat­ day, I lost a personal friend and the city his vision and his abillty to get things done. ter on government payrolls. of Phoenix, Ariz., lost one of its most He was successful in his own business and Some thoughts on the Humphrey-Hawkins devoted citizens when Don Bolles, a re­ happy in his personal life. Snow Hinton was Bill were voiced recently by Sen. Robert Taft always a worker. As a youth he delivered Jr., R-Ohio, a member of the Joint Economic porter for the Arizona Republic, passed newspapers, even while playing football at Committee, which held a. long series of hear­ away. Don was the victim of a brutal Tuscaloosa High. He always had a job, earn­ ings on this proposal. It is perhaps fitting gang-like slaying and sustained his fatal ing his own money. Later he ushered at the that the chairman of the Joint Economic injuries while working on an investiga­ local movie theatres, a position which in Committee is Senator Humphrey and its tive piece on organized crime in Phoenix. those days carried a certain esteem in the membership includes such distinguished During his career, Don had proven to be eyes of young people. In his school days he liberal luminaries as William Proxmire, Wis­ a gifted and dedicated journalist, a de­ was exhibiting the qualities of leadership consin; Abraham Ribicoff, Connecticut; and termined digger who turned in some of which made him a great mayor. Edward M. Kennedy, Massachusetts, all sena­ There is no way for us to put in words how tors and Democrats; Jacob K. Javits, New the most revealing and Important ex­ much we and the City of Tuscaloosa wm miss York, and Charles H. Percy, Illinois, both Re­ poses of organized crime's activities in C. Snow Hinton. He was the caliber of man publicans; and Congressman Henry Reuss of Arizona ever developed. we see all too rarely in public life. Wisconsin, a Democrat. Don Bolles was a premier journalist In h1s assessment of the hearings and the as well as a courageous and concerned committee's apparent reaction as Taft viewed citizen of Arizona. This is a time of gen­ it, the Ohioan in remarks prepared for pres­ entation at other hearings on the blll which uine grief for his fine family and all ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE were reprinted in The Wall Street Journal those who knew him. It must also be a HUMPHREY-HAWKINS BILL last week called it "a depressing experience, time of renewed resolution for those of perhaps the most frustrating 1 have faced in us who are aware of organized crime's all my years in Washington." pervasive influence within our society HON. MARVIN L. ESCH "It has been," wrote senator Taft, "an and recognize the ominous threat which OF MICHIGAN exercise in myopic pseudo-economics and it represents. We cannot, we will not, turn mutual backslapping among those who still IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES think that we can spend our way out of an our backs on this tragic event. Thursday, June 17, 1976 inflationary recession." Mr. Speaker, the Washington P ost Taft said there seemed little doubt that editorialized this morning about th e Mr. ESCH. Mr. Speaker, one of the m ost of t he members of the committee "went meaning of Don Bolles' death to t he pro­ more articulate and profound discus­ into the hearings with the preconceived no­ fession of journalism: sions of the Humphrey-Hawkins bill was t ion, tot ally unsubstantiated by either eco­ The a rticle follows: published 3 weeks ago in the editorials of nomic theory or h istorical experience, that T HE MURDER OF A REPORTER the Wyoming State Tribune. The editors public spending is a faster way to create jobs, especially permanent jobs of a worth­ It has been a long time since a repor er had the good sense to go to one of the was murdered in this country as a direct best possible sources of analysis on this while nature, than cutting taxes to stimulate private spending on consumption and in­ comequence of the information his reporting bill, the distinguished Senator from vest ment." turned up. But that is what happened tore­ Ohio (Sena tor TAFT) . The Wyoming Said Taft: "A public jobs program ls al­ porter Don Bolles of t he Arizona Republic of paper points out that the Humphrey­ most entirely service-oriented. It does little Phoenix who was fat ally injured by a remote Hawkins proposal does nothing more to create economic growth and future job control bomb placed under his car. Mr . Bolles than "share the wealth" by resorting to creation ." was reporting on the connections of orga­ the old WPA idea of providing make­ Taft then propounds some quest ions to nized crime to the land sale business when he apparently got close to some sensitive t ru th. work jobs for t he unemployed, and taxes support his own theory that make-work gov­ ernment job programs not only do not aid He paid for his resolute devotion to his job the producers on behalf of the non-pro­ the economy in the longrun but may a.ctually with his life, and today we would like to ducers. Senator TAFT correctly termed be deleterious to its health. Fo1· example, he salute h im as a colleague, to deplore the the bill "an exercise in myopic pseudo­ asks what happens when taxes are cut for brutal act by which he died, an d to say a few economics and mutual backslapping consumers; the answer is, of course, the in­ words about the line of work that lead to among those who still thin k that we can dividual consumer is left with more take­ h is killing. spend our wa y out of an inflationary re- home pay to spend on consumer goods or to Don Bolles was an investigative reporter- June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS. OF REMARKS 19057 by all accounts, an extremely gooc1 one­ To impose new burdens on the investigative incomparable job as president of the and this is the highest form of jounmHsm in reporter 1s simply to play into the hands of largest union among Federal personnel, the 5e"nse that, when it 1s well done, it is those who felt sufficiently threatened by Mr. the American Federation of Government capable of producing the greatest public Bolles' investigations to take his life. Employees. HIE task was the more diffi­ good. And tha-t 1.5 why it is also the riskiest, cult in that he replaced an extraordinary toughest _form of journalism; because it and indefatigable leader in the person usually addresses itself to wrong-doing- of PRESENT SITUATION IN CAMBODIA one kind or another, the subject matter 1s of John Griner. almost always controversial, and the objects I had talked with Clyde Webber re­ of such_ inquiries are inclined to be some­ BON. HENRY J. HYDE cently on personal matters with no hint what more than usually sensitive. OF n.LINOIS of his state of ill-health. Thus it was Assassination, of course, is not the usual resort of those under investigation by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most shocking to me to hear of his death press. And we would not wish even to suggest Thursday, June 17, 1976 last TUesday. that this cr1m1nal act m1ght mark the Clyde lived a life of dedication, from beginning of some sort of pattern of violent Mr. Mr. Speaker, when I re­ HYDE. the days of his earliest employment, to reprisal. But the fact remains that there has cently spoke in favor of continued mili­ developed in recent years an ugly intolerance tary aid to the Republic of Korea, I re­ the cause of advancement and the wel­ of the concept, so basic to the First Amend­ minded our colleagues that very little fare of his union members. I feel certain ment, of.a free-functioning, adversary press. has been said in this House orin the press he was thankful he had the capacities of So that while nobody, of course, is actually carrying on in that goal until the very advocating violence, we do not beneve it is regarding the present situation in Cam­ too far-fetched to relate the murder of Mr. bodia. The basic reason for this, of end. Bolles in a very particular way to the general course, is that an American ally such as Though I worked with Clyde and the atmosphere of hostility now confronting the South Korea which places some restric­ officers of his fine organization on many news media. To those who are concerned tions on civil liberties in an attempt to legislative matters, it always amazed me about the difficulties already standing in the survive, permits reporters to write about way of investigativ.e journalism, and the dan­ that with the many burdens that go with ger of more being 1mpo5e"d, this tragic act, all the faults they may find but a totali­ the leadership and management of such coming at a time when it is fashionable to tarian state such as Cambodia's Commu­ a large union, he still found time to be nist regime has expelled all foreign jour­ inveigh agaln.st the press and to call, un­ helpful to me in personal and political thlnklngly, tor new restrictions on its free­ nalists. dom, serves as a grim reminder that the in­ The Washington Post, however, re­ areas. vestigative press, for all o~ its supposed great cently published a letter-in its June 16 With his death, the membership of the power and unfettered freedom, already is issue-from a journalist who had pieced AFGE has lost an articulate and effective operating in an area of high risk, and against advocate, not only in the legislative heavy odds. together information on that country We are not talking about the Spiro from vatious sourc.es. He notes that the halls, but among the hierarchy of the Agnews of the world, although the former present rulers there are more blood­ labor movement where he served on the Vice President did h1.5 reckless bit to create thirsty than even Hitler or Stalin. I highest councils. He devoted much time an atmosphere in which others have been should like to insert this letter in the and effort, too, to Federal labor-manage­ encouraged to bring forth a variety of meas­ RECORD atthistime: ment relations programs, including the ures to curb the media. The!re has, for ex­ ample, been a rash of gag orders against CAMBODIA: WORSE THAN HITLER's GERMANY? Pay Council, the- Prevailing Rate Advi­ publication of information that developed Some weeks ago there appeared in Letters sory Committee, and the wage commit­ in public trials. Reporters have been exposed to the Editor a letter by a G. C. Hildebrand tees of Defense, Veterans Administration of the Indochina Resource Center in refer­ increasingly- to the threat of jail for refus­ and the National Aeronautics and Space ing to reveal their sources. The press has ence to a story carried by The Post on Cam­ lost court cases that limited its access to bodia. Mr. Hildebrand has evidently become Administration. prisons and it has had to fight back at­ an apologist for tl:.e present Cambodian gov­ Mr. Speaker, it is with deepest regret tempts by government in such legislation as ernment, since our office, based on direct in­ that I mark the passing of a good friend formation from within Cambodia, as well as S. 1 to keep the reporters away from certain of many of us here in the House. I. am kinds o~ secrets, many of them very much a very careful investigation on the many the people's business. stories. concerning Cambodia as circulated confident his successors will endeavor to We are well. aware, when we express our abroad in the past year, has determined that continue and expand the policies and opposition to such measures, that we have a the evidence substantially establishes the goals of Clyde Webber, whose memory I vested interest in this matter-a vested in­ present Cambodian government as one of shall cherish always. terest, you might say, in the inviolability the most oppressi.Ye, despotic regimes in mod­ of the press freedoms that we think the ern history and that proportionately, the First Alnendment quite properly guarantees. deaths traceable to the present action o!. the Nevertheless, the case of Mr. Bolles strikes Cambodian government exceed tho.se of the us as a perfect example of why these First concentration camps of Hitler's Germany, PRIVATE POSTMEN SUCCEED Alnendment protections should not be tam­ and of the Soviet regime b·etween 191g and WHERE GOVERNMENT FAffiS pered with. He was one of many reporters 1954, that the present Cambodian gove:m­ working on various aspects of a very serious ment is systematically destroying the family social and legal problem in the United unit, has torn the economy assunder and HON. PHILIP M. CRANE" States. That problem is that organized has survived by terror and oppression. There­ crime, once a separate segment of our so­ fore, Mr. Hildebrand should be a bit more ob­ OF II.LINOIS ciety, has crept into so-called legitimate ac­ jective and less inclined to parrot the propa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATI.VES tivities, using its enormous excess capital and ganda of the Communist rulers of Cambodia. Thursday, June 17, 1976 well-known muscle to buy into businesses DUARTE DE MARTINAU, which then become fronts for crime of all Associate Editor, Tmns-World News Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, there is now sorts. Arizona, a place where excess capital Service. little doubt that the Government-run is more abundant than in many other parts \VASHINGTON. of the country, was particularly vulnerable postal system is hardly more than a cost­ to organized crime. Mr. Bolles had proved ly extravagance and a failure. Only 6 that point in his reporting before his latest years ago, Congress felt that increasing inquiry began. CLYDE M. WEBBER costs, rising subsidies and declining serv­ His newspaper has declared its intention ice justified the creation of a quasi-gov­ to finish the work its slain staffer began. Other newspapers around the country have HON. ROBERT . C. NIX ernmental corporation to oversee-the de­ livery of the mail. That corporation, as sent reporters into Arizona to work on the OF PENNSYLVANIA story. In the end, that is exactly the right was inevitable with any form of bureau­ response of a free press to a brutal attempt IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cratic management, was even worse. at intimidation. And the best response o~ Thursday, June 17, 1976 a free people. 1n turn, is to give reporteJ.-s Instead of conecting the evils of the like Don Bolles and those who will come Mr. NIX. Mr. Speaker, during the past past, there has been a 117 percent in­ after him their encouragement and suppm-t. 4 years, Clyde M. Webber had done an cTe~e in the first class postal rates, a 19058 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 6 percent increase in the letter sorting sales increased 35%. (Both companies en­ messages grows, there remain many items error rate, and, rather than self-suffi­ joyed a windfall from Canada's two-month that can't be reduced to a.n electronic im­ p csta.l strike.) Such businesses as Greyhound pulse: eye-glasses, dental plates, computer ciency by 1977 as was envisioned, a con­ Corp. and Baker Industries are up around replacement parts, signed documents and tinuing increase in taxpayer subsidiza­ 12.5%. many more. tion. The courier companies play down the ex­ Meanwhile, given the nature of bureauc­ Yet, while Government cannot even tent to which they compete directly with racy, postal rates wlll continue to go up conduct a mail delivery system at a the USPS. No one but the Government can and service down. The USPS has recently an­ break-even point, private carriers are charge to deliver first-class mail; the private nounced it wlll cut business mail deliveries making significant profits-delivering express statutes see to that. Moreover, couri­ from thrice to twice daily in New York City, those classes of mail which the law at ers' services can no more be compared with and frcm twice to once in nine other Eastern government mail delivery than a Bugatti cities. Cuts from twice to once in the South this time permits them to handle. could be compared with a Model T. Couriers and Southwest are under consideration. Consider the New Jersey-based Pure­ offer a personal, handmade and very ex­ The trouble is that the Post Office is still later company, the biggest in the courier pensive product. Suppose you want a. 2 Y2 more featherbed and pork barrel than it is business. Revenues from Purolator's car­ pound legal brief delivered across town in business. "Our customers," Postmaster Gen­ rier division was up 24 percent to $124 New York. A courier employee will pick it eral Benjamin F. Baila.r recently warned million last year. In Seattle, Loomis Corp. up a.t your office, hop on a. bus or subway Congress, "are turning to alternate, less reports its courier sales increased 35 per­ and take it to the ultimate receiver. That expensive means of communication. As rates cent. Such businesses as Greyhound will cost you $5.85 as against $2.05 cents ln go higher, public resistance grows firmer stamps. If the document goes cross-country, and volume drops even more." And, he might Corp. and Baker Industries are up around the courier in New York puts it on a plane; have added, creates new opportunities for 12.5 percent. his counterpart in essence meets the plane alert businessmen. What the Nation clearly needs is free in Los Angeles and takes the document to and open competition in the delivery of whomever Is to receive it. Coot: approxi­ first class mail as well as in the delivery mately $32. THEFLAG:OURPROUDSYMBOL of second and third class material. If For the extra cost you get extra value. The private companies can make a profit on government mailmen require you to put the those classes of mail which produce a communication in a mail drop, from which HON. EDWARD P. BOLAND it is eventually picked up and taken to a. OF MASSACHUSETTS deficit for the U.S. Post Office, imagine central sorting terminal. If the delivery Is the benefits to be derived from competi­ across town, the document is sent to a local IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion in the first class area. postal branch, then goes into the postal Thursday, June 17, 1976 What is needed at this time is elimi­ route, and finally is delivered. In New York, nation of the Private Express Statutes that can take two or three days, or even Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker, in the last which provide the U.S. Postal Service longer. line of her essay on the American fiag, with a monopoly on the carriage of first Their high fees notwithstanding, the couri­ Springfield eighth grader Theresa Dou­ class mail. Without competition, there is ers are being used more and more. Part of gal says, the reason is economic: Time is money. I a.m thankful that I am a.n American. no incentive to improve, to cut costs, to Another apparent reason is psychological, provide better service, to innovate and a kind of rising expectation as to the speed I, too, am thankful to be an Ameri­ ultimately to satisfy the postal consumer. with which things should move. Says Pure­ can. I am also very thankful to see es­ In a recent article in Forbes magazine, later Vice President Jack Milne: .. A major says like hers, which recently won first it is written that, reason behind the 20% -to-30% annual prize in the Massachusetts Flag Essay The trouble is that the Post Office is stlll growth in this business is that everything is Contest sponsored by the Massachusetts more featherbed and pork barrel than it is moving faster today. You can leave New York this afternoon and have dinner in Los Society of Daughters of the American business. "Our customers," Postmaster Gen­ Revolution. eral Benjamin F. Bailar recently warned Angeles. You expect the same for your com­ Congress, "are turning to alternative, less munications." In her essay, Theresa reamrms the expensive means of communication. As rates ELECTRONIC COMPETITORS finest values that America is founded go higher, public resistance grows firmer and For this very rtmSOn, couriers themselves upon: freedom, trust, loyalty, pride and volume drops even more." And, he might face stiff competition from rapidly advanc­ courage. She points to the flag as a sym­ have added, creates new opportunities for ing electronic delivery systems. The Federal bol of these virtues. To quote her fine alert businessmen. Reserve System-backed electronic funds essay, Only if this Government monopoly is transfer is beginning to limit the importance When I look up to the red, white and ended will the American people find to the couriers of their old-line canceled blue, the stars and stripes, I look up with check delivery business. Dollar volume on pride. Not a selfish pride, but a loyal, thank­ themselves the beneficiaries of a more that business is still growing. But while efficient and economical mail system. ful pride, that I hope all of my fellow some 90% of Purolator's courier revenues Americans feel. I wish to share with my colleagues the were accounted for by canceled check de­ article, "The Pony Express Rides Again," liveries in 1969, 42% were last year. Puro­ Mr. Speaker, I commend Theresa on as it appeared in Forbes magazine of lator's Jack Milne sees the figure dropping her Patriotic and eloquent essay. She 15, 1976 to 25% or less within five years. April and insert it into the And there are the electronic message trans­ has touched upon all the things that RECORD at this time: mittal systems of Xerox, International Busi­ make us proud to be Americans and I THE PONY EXPRESS RIDES AGAIN ness Machines, Minnesota Mining & Manu­ recommend her words to my colleagues THERE's a sliver lining in every cloud, and facturing and even Exxon-part of the office and all Americans. the U.S. Postal Service's red ink is no ex­ equipment revolution (FORBES, Dec. 15, 1975). The full text of the essay follows: ception. Facing a fiscal 1976 deficit of $1.5 These systems can deliver the written (or [From the Springfield (Mass.) Daily News, billion, the USPS is trying urgently to get computered) word in minutes, not hours. June 14, 1976] more subsidies and fees and cut services. Until last year, a Xerox telecopier required ON F'LAG DAY: STUDENT SEES A 'MESSAGE OF And now the good news: The private at least 120 minutes to send a 30-page docu­ TRUST' courier companies are making more money ment. Now the document can be sent in 60 minutes on Xerox' new Telecopier 200. "We're Our nation has a symbol. It is the Ameri­ than ever. can flag. This symbol has a meaning for eacll Look, for example, at New Jersey-based finding that people are considering these machines for their maih·ooms to send many American citizen. Purolator (1975 sales: $298 million), the big­ To me, the flag of the United States of gest in the courier business. Revenues from documents," says Xerox product marketing manager James Clark. America is a reminder. My ancestors !ought Purola.tor's old-line filters and gasoline caps to make our country free. Loyal Americans businesses were down 9% last year. But sales The U.S. Postal Service is trying to com­ pete via its new "express mall" service. The shed their blood so that we might be called from its courier division were up some 24%, independent. to $124 million. Including armored car serv­ government postmen are even trying to join ices, Purola.tor Service provided nearly 60% the electronic revolution. They are already When I look up to the red, white and blue, of Purolator's revenues and 73% of profits. there with Western Union's Mailgrams. And the stars and stripes, I look up with pride. In Chicago, the American Stock Exchange­ the USPS recently signed a $2.3-milllon con­ Not a selfish pride, but a loyal thankful traded International Couriers Corp.'s rev­ tract with Pitney-Bowes to work on an elec­ pride. that I hope all of my fellow Americans enues climbed some 30%, to $37 m.1111on. And tronic system. feel. in Seattle, Loomis Corp. reports its courier However, as the electronic transmission of To me, the flag of the United States of June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19059 America. 1s a living memory of numerous sources that the Concorde represented post-mortem on the death of the Concorde hardships, famine and destruction, victory a few mon.ths agoL She noted that the Brit­ for our very good allies, the British and ish and French governments felt no pressure and defeat, prayers to God and trust. in fel­ French. low men. Through all this_ we were able to to satisfy independent customers that the I noted that while it was perhaps not Concor de was a good buy. They shared two safeguard our independence as a democratic the business of Congress to worry about n tion. capt ive cus tom ers: British Airways and Air I lcvk u p t o our flag as other countries look the business of Great Britain, 1n particu­ France. uo t o the United StatesL Over all the strug­ lar, nevertheless the close ties of our But captive or not, Goldring reports, gies we remained, and will remain firm. De­ two nations dictated more than super­ neither airline was a w11ling buyer. Even spite our own hardships, we- helped lessen ficial concern for the economic well­ more shocking was the fact that the Anglo­ French governments were unable to peddle tbe h ardships o! other countries~ We were being of England. the Concorde even as a gift. c'e c:ribed as "the American melting pot~" Im­ I suggested that we in the United migrants from many foreign nations, seek­ Pan American World Airways refused to States should not aid this folly not only take the planes on an indefinite loan. and ing 1·efuge on American soil, contributed to but the efforts o! keeping this a respected out of concern for our Allies, also be­ as far back as 1973 canceled J:ts option to buy n a tion L cause Concorde makes a mockery of U.S. them. Coming from Pan Am or- all transoce­ Even though we have faced crisis and._ criti­ law. anic carriers, this refusal was an early warn­ cisms, these good. people atand strong. under Unfortunately, the concern of myself ing signal that the plane would prove the Amerrcan flag, and strive to correc-t the and others has been fully borne out in unsalable. errors of the past and t.o ensure a. happier the past year. The reason I. have offered Pan Am's special problems would argue future. these brief remarks on the Concorde is for its receptivity to sueh glft3. 'Ibe alrl1ne To me, the fiag of: the United States is a is: vulnerable to blackmail :ttom government­ that a distinguished economic analyst, subsidized competitoTS; and it has no domes­ message of trust. Trust in the ability o! the Mr. Eliot Janeway, has reached mueh the country it portrays;_ trust in ~e kDAwl­ tic business. edge that whfie I nve 1n m]' native countey, same conclusion I prophesied last year­ :Lt had the most to gain !rom getting the I'll be :tree. to do as I please un.der its pro­ that Concorde is a symbol of things gone use of a:n economic plane for nothing; it. a!80 tective laws, tnlst fn the conviction that I wrong. had the most to lose if its competitors won't be discriminated against and I'll have I. commend his recent column in the proved able to use the CQncorde: to cut: into the same rights. as my fellow citizens; trust Washington Star to the attention o:f the its:busin~ that. lf our !!Stion encounters hard times, House: It Ia the measure o! the Con:corde's hope­ my family will be- protected by our local and less ineffieiency that:Pan.Am refused to touch federal leaders. CONCORDE PROJECT Dr5ASTE& SYMBOL it with its competitor's moneyr In turn. I will emulate my forefathers of (By Eliot Janeway) It is. t:he measure o! inatl.tutionalized lun­ 1776 with loyalty and trust in God and The collapse ot th& onee-proud British acy in London and Pari& thai 'fu.e ma.rket­ country. pound haa. not been a fluke. A good deal of piace sent & clea.r messag~. and the: na~ in As I look up at. our flag~ stars and stripes creative thought, hard. work and pollUcal charge rdused to receive: it~ floating in the free breeze, I. am thankful :race-sa.ving have gone into the operation Now-. the bigge.st open. secret. in London t h at I am an .Ame:rfcan. responsible. for the fiasco. and Pari3 is that. the Concorde: has been THERI:SA. DouGAL,. Nor does the !'allure of' the- pound dram­ abandoned as a lost. eause. To break even. on 4ii Primras_e St.,. IncUan.- OrcharcL. atize a.n isolated ctiSe of British lnefffciency. the project, a minimum of 120 planes had This Ie.tter won first prize in til& statewide The related miscalculation on the-Concorde to. be sold-be.fore. reckoning on. any coat. in­ Pia!: Essa:y Oontest sponsored. by the Massa­ is even more revealing' ot the inertia and In­ :flation in manufacturing or in operations chuseUir SOciety of' Daugltters ot the Ameri­ flexibility a:fi the root ot tne all-pervasive since the fuel gouge. can Revolution. TM author, Theresa Dougal, weakening of the Western European econ­ The announcement. I.im1.ting the produc­ to- ~6 is an 8th grade student a~ Immaculate Con­ omy. tion. S£hedule planes. is a death sen­ The ception School, Indfan. Orcbllr~ Her entry The Concorde itself' is more than just a tence. on-going charade ot tlie aon­ was sponsored. by Spri.Dg1leld'• Mercy War­ British project. Th:e Preneh are their part­ cordeys serviceabiTity is for !areigu consump­ ren Chapter, DAJL-The Daily News: is ners in thi5 pathetic casualty o!: the trans­ tion oniy. pleased to prin.t thia easa.y to coincld~ with at lantic air race that needs three times- as The ao:n.corde disaster has left the Ameri­ today's observance of Flag Day. Ed. mueh :ruel as a Boeing 747 to cross the At­ can manufacturers the wtnnen of the- afr Iantl m all businesses. Furthermore, it is my feel­ of time before it can become effective. A rett is a former President of the National ing t hat much Federal paperwork is unre­ resolution of disapproval passed by a ma­ lated t o the actual business being conducted. Association of County Commissioners. jority of eit her House will have the effect Representatives of small business and in­ Man y small businessmen have said that of preventing the rule or regulation from dustry, chamber of commerce members and the only alternative to meeting expanding taking effect. local government officials will be invited to Federal reporting requirements is either to Congress itself must also share the blame att~nd and participate in the Conference. I go out of business or merge wit h larger firms for excessive paperwork requirements. Con­ believe these people have good advice to give which have the staff capacity for coping with gress often passes legislation, which may be us on what can be done to solve the problems mandatory requirements. well intended, but which does not take note of excessive paperwork and government reg­ The House Subcommittee on Small Busi­ of the amount of paperwork it may generate. ulation. I intend to take their advice, and I ness Administration and Small Business In­ In an effort to address this problem, I have ~m instructing the participants to be specific vestment Companies, as well as the Senate cosponsored a second bill, which would re­ m their objections and suggestions. Select Committee on Small Business, have quire Congressional committee reports on I plan to use this specific information con­ conducted hearings on paperwork require­ proposed legislation to contain statements of structively to evaluate the performance of ments. the reporting and record keeping require­ the federal agencies involved and to suggest I believe you will be interested to know ments which will be imposed on private busi­ courses of action to the Congress. I hope to some of the facts brought out during the ness as a result of the enactment of such share wtih my colleagues the resUlts and hearings. proposed legislation. findings of this conference at a later date. The average one-man business spends I believe that if Congress is forced by its more than two weeks of work time each year own rules to look at specific evidence of the to comply with Federal reporting rules. paperwork burden it would generate with PERSONAL EXPLANATION-MISSED A "mom and pop" store with an annual any new legislation, then we will be more VOTES gross income of less than $30,000 is required careful in passing laws than we have been to file 52 tax forms in just one year. in the past. One estimate is that it costs the govern­ Finally, Congress has enacted legislation HON. PIERRE S. (PETE) du PONT which created the Commission on Federal ment nearly $20 billion yearly to print, dis­ OF DELAWARE tribute and store all the small business Paperwork. Now if this Commission was just forms, and that it costs small businessmen another effort by Congress to sidestep an­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES about the same to complete the forms-costs other issue by making a study, then we Thursday, June 17, 1976 which are ultimately passed on to the con­ would be deserving of criticism. The purpose sumer. of the Commission, however, is to investigate Mr. nu PONT. Mr. Speaker, yesterday It goes without saying that this is very the paperwork requirements of the federal I was .absent on business in Delaware, alarming information. The Congress has government and to make specific recommen­ and nussed several recorded votes 1n the pledged to encourage small business-the dations to the Congress. Already the Com­ House .. Had I been present, I would have Federal bureaucracy is smothering it instead, mission's work has resulted in legislation voted m the following manner: and this cannot be permitted to continue. which has reduced unnecessary paperwork Rollcall No. 386, "aye." The Federal bureaucracy has evolved into and saved the government as well as busi­ Rollcall No. 387, "no.'' a fourth branch of government, with a thick ness several million dollars. Rollcall No. 388, "aye." tangle of regulations carrying the force of Many of you may be acquainted with ms law without benefit of legislative considera­ Form 941A, which employers have been re­ Rollcall No. 389, "aye." tion. In 1974 alone, 67 Federal agencies, de­ quired to file quarterly giving the name, So­ Rollcall No. 390, "aye." partments and bureaus adopted 7,406 new cial Security number, wage, and Federal Rollcall No. 392, "aye." and amended regulations while, during the taxes withheld for each of his employees. As Rollcall No. 393, "aye." same period of time, Congress enacted 404 a result of the Commission's investigation public laws-a ratio of more than 18 to one I and recommendation to the Congress, legis­ Individual rights, consume1· and environ­ lation was passed last December which elim­ mental concerns, as well as business reali­ inates Schedule A of this form. When this WOMEN IN THE WORKPLACE ties are ignored or run roughshod over by change becomes effective in 2 years, employ­ frequently insensitive or unresponsive bu­ ers will only have to file this form annually. reaucracy. While this may appear an insignificant step Administrative rules and regulations have in a long and needed journey, it is estimated HON. DAVID R. OBEY the force of law equal to an Act of Con­ that this alone will save the government $20 OF WISCONSIN gress. I think we elected Representat ives mill1on, and employers, particularly small IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES must recognize our responsibility to the businessmen, $250 million. American people by retaining control over No one knows the burden of the volumi­ Thursday, June 17, 1976 the "laws" passed by an unelected bureauc­ nous paperwork requirements better than Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, today and racy. Two hundred years ago, our Founding you. If enough of you are interested, I pro­ tomorrow the Society for Occupational Fathers recognized a similar situation and pose, at a. mutually convenient time, to hold addressed it in the Declaration of Independ­ Congressional hearings in the 8th District an (~ Environmental Health is hosting an ence: "(King George) has erected a Multi­ in order to give you an opportunity to let me international conference at the May­ tude of new Offices and sent hither Swarms k now what you consider unreasonable and flower Hotel here in Washington on the of Officers to harass our People an d eat out unnecessary government paperwork require­ problems of women in tr. ) workplace. their Substance." men ts. I plan to have with me st aff members This conference comes on the heels of As the size and reach of Federal bureauc­ from the Federal Commission on Paperwork. a ::t:.::.1 taken by the Appropriations Com­ racy has grown, the need to reexamine its The information obtained at these hear­ uittee providing $1 million which had force and power has come upon us. Curbs on ings will be compiled and made available, not only to the Commission, but to the ap­ not been requested by the President to "administrative legislation," which may initiate a program on th - problems of have not been needed in years gone by, are propriate Committees of the Congress. needed today. We have too many examples I would appreciate hearing from you if women in the workplace at the National of administrative excess and zeal, going far you would think this to be worthwhile and Institute for Occupational Safety and beyond any Congressional Intent. Congress would like to participate. Health. now has the responsibility of facing up to a Mr. Speaker. since I made that speech I If there is anything more frightening l"e-exa.mination of the necessity of Congres­ have been contacted by a great number of than what we are doing to our own sional control over the administrative people asking that such a conference be held. health through the use of untested process. Because of this interest, I am announcing chemicals in the work environment, it is With a number of other Members of Con­ a Conference on Federal Paperwork to be what we may be doing to the health of gress, I have cosponsored a bill which has held in Salisbury, North Carolina on July 26, our children. generated much interest in Washington and 1976. Indust' J is now beginning to recognize 19061 June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Health Administration so far hasn't written has not faced up to some of the broad this problem and the response, at least standards in a way designed to prevent harm philosophical issu~ contained in this bill in some instances, has been to ban to unbo1·n children. and has unwisely reported favorably on women of childbearing age from various The report sa.id women in Idaho, Penn­ this vast new program for the Energy ty.r;es of employment. sylvania and canada have been refused Jobs Research and Development Administra­ The following article appeared in tLe in hazardous areas of plants unless they can prove that they are no longer able to bear tion. That program is to provide bil­ Wall Street Journal this morning de­ lions of dollars of loan guarantees for s c: ribing a report on this problem which children. In one instance, fertile women at an Idaho energy development so questionable that ,.,-. s just released Ly the University of lead smelter were transferred to safer jobs, the private sector has, so far, chosen not California's Labor Occupational Health some at lower rates of pay. And a. mother of to involve itself. Down the road, accord­ Program and the Health Research four working in a Canadian lead storage ing to ERDA, we can expect to be asked­ Group: battery plant had herself sterilized in order in addition to the loan guarantees-for [Fl.·om the Wall Street Journal, June 17, to keep her job. construction grants and price supports! 1976] The report called for job safety and health standards to be developed "to protect Indeed, this is virtually the same pro­ FmMS WoN'T HmE, RETAIN SoME FEMALES gram the House so resoundingly defeated DUE TO HEALTH HAZARDS, NEW REPORT SAYS all workers w.ho are exposed to hazards, re­ gardless of their sex." It urged that women last December. WAsHINGTON.-Women of child-bearing workers be given the opportunity to transfer Fortunately, one alert member of the age face a new form of job discrimination to another job during pregnancy without loss because employers don't want to expose Banking and Currency Committee­ of pay, seniority or other benefits. And it probably to be joined by others of his them to health and safety hazards, a new said women shouldn't lose seniority and report said. other benefits if they leave work temporarily committee colleagues who see this pro­ Employe1·s have begun to refuse to hire, or for childbirth. gram for what it realy is-has prepared continue to employ, fertile and pregnant dissenting views for the committee's re­ women workers, according to the report, is­ port. My colleague from Texas, Dr. RoN sued jointly by the University of California's A COMMENDATION TO A LEADER IN Labor Occupational Health Program and the PAUL has prepared some very persuasive ; Health Re-rearch Group, which is supported IDS FIELD-IVAN BULL dissenting views, and I would like to take by Ralph Nader's Public Citizen organiza­ this opportunity to call these views to the tion. attention of my colleagues: The companies fear that substances used HON. TOM RAILSBACK DISSENTING VIEWS ON H.R. 12112 on the job can cause birth defects and mis­ OY n.LINOIS carriages. But the report said such decisions IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (By Dr. RoN PAUL) disregard an employer's "legal obligation to H.R. 12112 seeks to establish a Federal provide a safe and healthful workplace to all Thursday, June 17, 1976 loan guarantee and price support system !or workers." And it said the approach also ig­ Mr. RA.n.SBACK. Mr. Speaker, I would the manufacture of synthetic fuel. We are nores evidence that the male reproductive like to take this opportunity to inform told that world reserves of petroleum and system a.lso can be damaged by hazards at my colleagues of an honor received by a natural gas are declining at a. rapid rate and work. Thus, "women don't get jobs and men that the United States is dangerously de­ don't get protection," according to the re­ resident of the 19th district of IDinois. pendent on foreign sources for such fuel. port, issued on the eve of a conference here Ivan Bull, a managing partner of Mc­ With ample quantities of coal and oil sha.le examining the issues surrounding the health Gladfrey~ Hansen, Dunn & Co., a Moline, available, therefare, it would seem that the of working women. Dl., firm of certified public accountants, production of synthetic fuel derived from Pl~egn.a.nt workers are no longer an. oddity, was elected chairman of the American such sources is a. logical and necessary step the report declared. 1t estimated that the Institute of Certified Public Accountants. toward "ene-rgy independence." No one dis­ majority o! women workers are in their He served previously as the institute's putes the necessity of obtaining- additional child-bearing years and that more than 1.5 vice chairman and as a member of the sources of energy for the future. The ques­ milli.on women workers have babies every tion is simply why must the government- be­ year. board of directors and planning and fi­ come involved in such a prograzn? Why GENETIC DAMAGE nance committee. Earlier involvement in aren't private incentives sumcient? The report said job exposures can result the AICPA also includes a role in draft­ We are told that the risks involved in the in infertility, in genetic damage in men and ing the restatement of the code of pro­ manufacture of synfuels are so great that women that can be passed on to offspring, fessional ethics. private investors will not undertake them. damage by chemicals reaching the fetus or I believe that the dedication and hard Mr. W. T. Slick, senior vice-president of damage to a newborn baby caused by chem­ work involved with the exercise of such Exxon, listed four primary reasons why they icals in a mother's breast-milk. "Unfortu­ leadership deserves commendation. I join are not already being manufactured, though nately, no one has ever systematically ana­ the technology for synfuels already exists: lyzed data on the 250,000 babies born every with Mr. Bull's colleagues in congratulat­ "L Legislative ana regulatory uncertain­ year with birth defects 1n this country to de­ ing him and in expressing confidence in ties. Oil price controls, gas price regulation termine whether the abnormalities might re­ his ability to effectively fulfill the re­ threatened divestiture legislation, access!~ sult from their parents' work exposures," sponsibilities of this position. bility of federal resources, unreasonable en­ the repo-rt said. Vir~nmenta.l regulations, and uncertain fiscal Citing possible work hazards~ the report policy. said that exposure to lead is associated with DISSENTING VIEWS ON H.R. 12112 "2. Financial uncertainty. Synthetics stlllbirths and miscarriages in women and plants are inherently capital intensive. Costs with sperm abnormalities in men and that in the process construction industry have vinyl chloride causes cancer in th~ offspring HON. JAMES T. BROYHILL doubled since 1972, resulting in a significant of exposed pregnant rats and "is linked to increase in financial risk. In addition, in­ OF NORTH CARO~A stillblrths and miscarriages in the wives of vestors may be unwilling to proVide capital workers exposed to it." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES because the uncertain legislative and regu­ Anesthetic gases have been linked to can­ Thursday, June 17, 1976 lato~ environment may jeopardize the com­ cer, birth defects and miscarriages in ex­ pletlOn or profitability of the project. posed female operating room personnel and Mr. BROYHILL. Mr. Speaker, on "3. Technological uncertainties. Although to mi~carriages in wives of dental surgeons Tuesday of this week the Committee on the process technology has been proven in and brrth defects in wives of exposed male Banking and Currency completed its laboratory or even pilot-scale opEU"ations, operating room personnel, the study said. consideration of H.R. 12112, the Syn­ substantial uncertainties remain about the Carbon disulfide used in the manufacture of thetic Fuels Loan Guarantee legislation commercial-scale operations. These ques­ viscose rayon can cause miscarriages and tions can be answered only by bu1lding and sperm abnormalities. And exposure to high which was reported by the Committee on operating large-scale "pioneer" plants to levels of estrogens can cause female men­ Science and Technology on May 15. The provide field information. strual difficulties and male impotence, the legislation has also been sequentially re­ "4. Timing uncertainties. Abnormally long report warned. ferred to the Committees on Interstate lead times complicated by delays in ap­ HASN'T WJUTTEN STANDAltDS and Foreign Commerce, on which I serve, f~~~s, environmental reviews, and Iltiga- Such dangers still are relatively unknown and to the Ways and Means, in addition and unresearched, the report said, and the to the Banking Committee. . Of these four reasons, three are wholly or Labor Department's Occupational Safety and In my view, The Banking Committee m part the result of previous government 19062 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 intervention in the market. Mr. Slick's opin­ inv .... lved, and it is often assumed-we don't This is bad enough, but it is compounded by ion is supported by other testimony as well. know if correctly-that the costs of default the Congress's unwillingness to address it­ Charles H. Brown, vice-president of the Oil will not arise. I.1 fact, loan guarantees do in­ self to the fundamental cause of our energy Shale Corporation, for example, tcld the volve a cost to the economy as a whole, for dilemma, which is government interference Subcommittee on Economic Stabili.zati::m: they sui:>sidtze the flow of capital into the with the free market. "Big companies, like financial institutions, guaranteed investment ... Thus the guaran­ The Co ::J gress has been faced with the cau take such huge risks only for invest­ teJ carries a hidden subsidy which masks the question of decontrolling oil and natural gas ments of "impeccable quality." And, let's real economic cost of the energy produced­ for many years now and always sidestepped face it, a pioneer synthetic fuels plant using or save:l-and clouds the i -:; sue of what the the iss ... e Demagogues have made it seem brand new technology producing oli in a 'commercial' status of the technology would that the only thing to be gaired from de­ political climate of price controls, alloca­ be without the guarantee." control is windfall profits for the oil com­ tions, environmental lawsuits and changing There are also serious questions about the panies. Then they imply that the energy r<:gulations is not exactly an investment of kind of technology these loans wlil be sub­ crisis was actually ma 1ufactured by the oil "impeccable quality." sidizing. Particularly in the area of high BTU companies just so they can get decontrol. 'rhus the loan guarantee program really coal gasification, these are first-ge 1~ eration Yet these same people are some of the most comes down to a government subsidy to projects, little advanced over the original vocal in pushing for synthetic fuels. The pay for government regulations. The fact Lurgi process invented by the Germans dur­ question thus seems to be, is the energy crisis that this is true was even admitted by the ing World War II. There will be available real or not? If it is real, then we need to chairman of the Science and Technology within a very short time, however, Eecond­ provide every possible incentive and assist­ Committee, the Honorable Olin Teague: generation technology which is not only ance for the discovery and exploitation of In addition to the financial risks and capi­ simpler, but cheaper and more efficient. In new energy sources. If it is not, why do we tal costs, there are numerous environmental fact, it is estimated that plants utilizing the need to have synthetic fuels? uncertainties because of regulations that more advanced processes wlll be able to pro­ Genuine decontrol, though it would in­ must be met as well as questions concerning duce usable energy for 20 to 25 per cent less deed increase the price of oil dramatically, the adequacy of available labor and mate­ cost to the consumer. In addition, part of the would actually set in motion powerful forces rials. Our bill provides a means for the Gov­ high cost of the Lurgi process is a result of which would gua1·antee that the United ernment to reduce the risks sufficiently to the fact that it is much more damaging to States never runs out of energy. These were allow these projects to proceed. the environment than burgeoning second­ outlined very succinctly by economist W. It has reached the point, in fact, where generation processes. Should this new tech­ Philip Gramm: investors are so wary of government regula­ nology develop as expected, therefore, huge "In a free market, when the price of a good tions that even a pledge to exempt present amounts of capital will have been wasted on starts to rise, three simultaneous forces are projects from future price controls would projects which are essentially obsolete. produced. First, people start to use the good probably not be believed. This fact was Investors are fully aware of these facts and more judiciously, second, producers and con­ pointed out by Mr. J. E. Bixby, vice-presi­ that is another reason why money has not sumers who use the product begin to search dent of Texas Eastern Transmission Corpora­ been forthcoming for synthetic fuel projects tion,: for cheaper substitutes, and third, producers already. There are, however, some companies of the product attempt to expand output by It has been suggested that if appropriate that have already committed themselves regulatory actions were taken to assure in­ using and developing technology to meet the heavily to synfuel projects. It is to their ad­ demand. It is this process which has always vestors that the total costs would ultimately vantage, therefore, to press strongly for im­ forestalled doom. We will run out of energy be paid for by consumers, capital would be mediate loan guarantees so that the govern­ forthcoming to finance such projects with­ only if we prevent the free market from ment will not only assume their normal busi­ working. Herein lies the real danger of the out involving the government at all. Such ness risks for them but have a continued energy crisis." Views may be more wishful thinking than vested interest in supporting them after­ The capital requirements of the energy in­ realistic analysis, because the existence of wards. Consequently, rather than promoting regulation is simply not an adequate base dustry are enormous. The synthetic fuel new energy production in this manner, it plants to be funded under this program are on which to finance on a true "project basis" would be better to consider another alterna­ capital requirements of the magnitude in­ already budgeted at one b1llion dollars each tive. As Professor Murray Weidenbaum for two high BTU coal gasification plants. volved. On the contrary, investors are well argued: aware that the Federal Power Commission, Given the present inflation rate, however, :tor example, cannot bind its successors on "A natural and more straightforward state and the propensity of firms working on gov­ future rate treatment and they are wary of affairs would be to eliminate the special ernment projects to have cost-overruns, we of the rules being changed while the game price controls on existing conventional fuels. can expect this price tag to rise much higher; is still in progress." Such action would both encourage further particularly if there is extended litigation Thus it 1s not simply the fact that the exploration and simultaneously promote by environmental groups opposed to them. energy industry is over-regulated-although greater conservation. As the p1·ice of con­ This will undoubtedly raise stlll further the that would be bad enough-but that the ventional fuel rises to the cost of synthetics, projected price of the gas to be produced, regulations are not stable. If the legal frame­ there will be an automatic incentive for which is already 8 to 10 times higher than work is constantly changing, then uncer­ private companies to move ahead. But given the controlled price of natural gas. tainty becomes unavoidable. Law must be the normal desire to minimize risk, private The Congress is being pressed very hard stable, not fluctuating. And the jurisdiction investments will be deterred if there is a by the press and the Administration to "do of the law must be limited, not comprehen­ strong possibility that the government will something" about energy. It must decide sive. Only a limited constitutional legal sys­ step in and assume risk." whether to do something fundamental which tem can credibly create the sort of expecta­ An additional side-effect of the loan guar­ will permanently help, or to do something tions that are necessary for long-term, high antee program will be to increase greatly hasty which may do more harm than good risk investment to occur. The instability and the demand for capital on the financial mar­ tn the long-run. We believe that decontrol unpredictability of our laws have created a kets. This fact and its consequences were is the only answer and that H.R. 12112 is situation in which the gov~rnment must pro­ noted in test imony by the Honorable Gerald ignoring this issue while wasting valuable pose new laws to counter past laws. This is L. Parsky, Assistant Secretary of the capital resources on projects of dubious not the solution. If past laws, regulations, Treasury: benefit. and decrees are harmful, they should be re­ "Any type of federal financial assistance pealed and not simply mitigated by new ones. resulting in the undertaking of energy proj­ Furthermore, there is no reason to believe ects which would not otherwise have been that the loan guarantee program will really undertaken will lead to some redirection of H.R. 14114, INCREASE OF TEMPOR­ accomplish what it is supposed to anyway. resources in our capital markets. Such in­ The idea of setting up large, full scale syn­ centives increase the demand for capital ARY LIMIT ON PUBLIC DEBT thetic fu~l projects, primarily for high B'!'U while having little or no effect on the overall coal gasification, is to test their commercial supply of capital. They tend to cause inter­ viab11ity, as well as to determine their en­ est rates to rise and channel capital away HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK vironmental impact. However the use of from more economic uses to less economic OF OHIO guaranteed loans will inevitably give a dis­ uses. In short, the proposed program of Fed­ torted picture of the project's true costs. As eral incentives wlll direct capital away from · IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it was put by Professor Henry Jacoby of other areas of our economy into synthetic Thursday, June 17, 1976 fuels production." M.I.T.: Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, I op­ "The problem with loan guarantees is that Thus we are faced with the fact that the they tend to hide the true cost of the tech­ Congress is being asked to underwrite syn­ posed H.R. 14114, which would increase nology that is being demonstrated. Loan thetic fuel projects of dubious technological the limit on the public debt by an addi­ guarantees give the illusion of bearing no and economic value at the expen,se of those tional $73 billion over the next 15 cost, since no immediate budgetary exp .1se is areas of the economy most in need of capital. months. The reckless Federal spending June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19063 exhibited by this and other recent debt tion of the Congressman has changed and the remaining four offices could be used increases cannot be tolerated. his responsibilities increased, these tools for staff space, and the remaining office If H.R. 14114 is enacted into law, this have been expanded and the allowances could be converted to an adequate con­ •ill be the fifth time the 94th Congress expanded and yet, it is clear that Mem­ ference room/work space/library. has increased the debt limit. In less th an bers are increasingly unable to fulfill Second. Members would be allowed to 13 months the Congress will have voted their responsibilities in a satisfactory pool their equipment allowances. debt ceiling increases totaling $205 bil­ manner. Today, each office has its own repog­ JiJn $169 billion of this in the last year. Over the years, in response to the in­ raphy equipment. A six-man firm could Following is the sad legislative history of creasing complexity of the problems of a probably do with two machines. No other how an authorized debt limit of $495 complex technological society, specializa­ examples need be mentioned-the list billion at the start of the 94th Congress tion by members has become more and would be endless. has already swollen to $627 billion: more the rule. It is becoming more and Third. Members would be allowed to [In billions of dollars] more rare that the generalist is able to pool their clerk-hire allowances. Feb. 19, 1975: 89 Stat. 5, temporarily in­ function; the very technical nature of A six-man office would probably em­ creasing the temporary debt limit by proposed legislation renders any non­ ploy one or two receptionists rather than $131 billion for the period from Feb. specialist virtually impotent in an in­ six; one CPA with an assistant book­ 19, 1975, through June 30, 1975, to creasing amount of legislation. keeper and one secretary would more make the limit for such period ______531 Virtually, the same phenomenon has competently and less expensively handle June 30, 1975: 89 Stat. 246. temporarily occurred in every area of modem en­ the management of the entire office; a increasing the temporary debt limit by firm might employ one legislative assist­ $177 billion for the period from June deavor, be it law, medicine, or science. 30, 1975,throughNovember15, 1975,to In response to this phenomenon, other ant to supervise a team of assistants to make the limit for such period ______577 professions have reacted by an increas­ handle all legislative mail; a legislative November 14, 1975: 89 .Stat. 693, tempor­ ing amount of joint endeavor. Law firms, team, rather than a legislative assistant arily increasing the temporary debt medical group practice and similar for each Member, might be far more pro­ limit by $195 billion for the period modes of combinations are more and ductive and expert; this list also could from November 14, 1975, through more replacing the single practitioner. be endless. It is quite conceivable that March 15, 1976, to make the limit for This movement has allowed for practi­ such a system could result in more com­ such period------595 plete use of buildings and equipment. Mar. 15, 1976: 90 Stat. 217, temporarily tioners with different specialities to join increasing the temporary debt limit by together to both better serve their varied There would be no reason why the legis­ $227 billion for the period from clients and to advise each other. Further, lative mail team, mimeography or robo March 15, 1976, through June 30, 1976 such combinations have allowed for econ­ operators, and so forth, could not work to make the limit for such period _____ 627 omies of scale providing for increased from 7 p.m. to midnight, particularly if Apparently this Congress believes the productivity and increased effectiveness. part-time help were utlltzed. sky is the limit for Federal spending. Combinations can afford to rent or pur­ Fourth. Members would be allowed to Fiscal integrity has been thrown out the chase equipment, books, and services use a percentage of their clerk-hire window by the liberal majority. Rather that would be unavailable by virtue of allowance-say 10 or 15 percent-for the than taking the steps necessary to cut their cost to the Members acting alone. hiring on contract of consultants. spending and hold down the debt, the This proposal merely seeks to recog­ Presently, if a Member or several liberal majority simply raises the ceiling nize the above-stated circumstances and Members feel the need for some expert to fit the debt. to provide for the mechanisms necessary advice on a certain ·matter-say on en­ Frankly, I think the reckless :fiscal pol­ to allow individual Congressmen to the ergy-they must each put the expert on icies followed by the majority are out of extent they see fit to do so, to arrange their respective payrolls . . This is com­ step with the mood of the country. The their affairs in a manner similar to that plicated, time consuming, and expensive. American people are tired of the spend, followed by other professions. A firm would, by mutual consent, be able spend, spend mentality so prevalent in The proposal which I choose to call to engage the services of an expert for Washington, D.C. Americans want to the law firm mode-LFM-would allow the limited time his advice is needed halt the incessant growth in the cost, size the following: and define the services to be rendered and power of the Federal Government. First. Members would be allowed to by contract. In the case of a firm one It is time that the Congress brought combine their physical offices by mutual can envision using the services of a intu­ Federal spending into line with income. agreement. tary expert when the mllttary budget is H.R. 14114 and the reckless spending It may be wise to limit the number of on the floor, an agricultural expert when policies it represents is the coward's way Members who may choose to form an agricultural programs are proposed, an out. As long as Congress takes the debt LFM to a maximum of some number; for economist to examine unemployment increase route, it will never stop its liber­ example, no more than 10. programs, and so forth. al, free spending ways. We are all aware of the space con­ CONCLUSION straints that presently exist. Almost The LFM system would require a good every office is overcrowded. There is no deal of change in a variety of existing LFM-A PROPOSAL TO INCREASE hope that the problem will be solved by practices and systems. The present of­ EFFECTIVENESS AND PRODUCTIV­ the building of new space in the near flee assignment system would have to be ITY-AT NO ADDITIONAL COST future. Indeed, it can be argued that, drastically altered, for example. How­ until we have fully and efficiently utilized ever, it would seem that the obvious HON. EDWARD W. PATTISON the present space available, any such benefits to the Members and the insti­ building program would be unrespon­ tution would overwhelmingly outweigh OF NEW YORK sible. A closer look at present offices re­ any disadvantages. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES veals not only obvious overcrowding of Thursday, June 17, 1976 staff but also the wasted space in Mem­ HONORING FRANK B. PEEBLES, OF Mr. PA'ITISON of New York. Mr. bers' personal offices. Members are rarely in their personal SAN RAFAEL, CALIF., UPON HIS Speaker, at present, 435 Member of Con­ RETIREMENT gress function in approximately the same offices. Most Members' time is spent in manner as 435 lawyers practicing indi­ committee or other meetings or on the vidually. Each Member is granted a va­ House floor. On the other hand, when HON. WILLIAM H. HARSHA riety of tools to accomplish his legislative a Member utilizes his office for a meet­ OF OHIO and constituent functions. Such tools in­ ing involving others, the space is fre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES clude office space, equipment allowances, quently inadequate. clerk hire allowances, stationery allow­ With LFM, six Members could com­ Thursday, June 17, 1976 ances, and travel allowances, to name the bine their office. Two of the offices could Mr. HARSHA. Mr. Speaker, I think it major items. Over the years as the func- provide desk space for all six. Three of appropriate in this Bicentennial Year of 19064 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 17, 1976 our countl·y's independence that we Carol Smith~ and his grandchildren. pital so that in his senior year, he was an honor with gratitude and affectionate LiSa and David Smith, must be very. intern in medicine. admiration those of our citizens who very proud of his many accomplish­ Upon graduating from medicine, he stayed have dedicated a lifetime of service to ments. He has served his country well. on at the hospital for an additional year as community, country, and the constitu­ a.n Assistant Restdent in Medicine. "Although I was going into surgery, I would not have tional principles that have made this had the foresight to take two years of medi­ Nation strong and which assure that it cine a.t a. time when many graduates of medi­ will endure in the centuries to come. LOOKING AT OUR ROOTS AND OUT­ cine did not even get a.n internship but went Such a citizen is Frank B. Peebles of REACH right out into practice, but Dr. A. J. Ochsner San Rafael, Calif., Reg_ional Counsel for insisted upon my taking the two years of the Federal Highway Administration in HON. JAMES ABDNOR medicine," he said later. San Francisco, who will retire this sum­ After finishing a. second year of graduate mer after many years of dedicated and OF SOUTH DAKOTA medical training, he went to Augusta.na. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hospit al in Chicago a.nd trained directly loyal service to these United States and under his mentor. Then he came to Europe to his fellow Americans, whenever, Thursday, June 17, 1976 as an exchange surgical resident: first for a. wherever, and however he has been Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, this Bi­ year in Zurich at the University of Zurich needed. centennial Year has prompted far-rang­ under Professor Clairmont. While there he Frank Peebles has executed his Gov­ was married in 1923 to a. girl he had met in ing resear ch into our history and her­ Chicago a.t the Augustana Hospital when her ernment lawyer duties faithfully and itage. States, counties, communities, and sister was there for a.n operation. At Frank­ well since 1958, when he :first began his families have undertaken projects re­ furt-am-Main, Germany, he was an exchange Government employment as an attor­ searching our roots and the outreach of surgical resident for two years a.t the Uni­ ney with the Federal Ff'1ghway admin­ these roots across the length and breadth versity Hospital under Professor Schmleden istration, then the- Bureau of Public of the land. returning to the United States at the end of Roads-. He brought with him to the Such a project in Brule County, 1925. The Ochsners went to Chicago for a year Government service his years of experi­ where he was associated with a surgeon who s. Dak., has shown the outreach of South had a. large practice and was on the pathol­ ence in private law, but more important­ Dakota roots into Louisiana and the ?.gy faculty of Northwestern University. ly, he brought to us his keen sense of birth and flourishing of the famed Ochs­ Although it was a. great opportunity to do justice and fai.rness for all members of ner Medical Clinic in New Orleans. Dr. this, I was unhappy because I had had such society. And over the years his- contri­ Alton Ochsner, its- founder, is a native a. superb tra.ining and was spending my time butions to the Federal highway pro­ South Dakotan, and his story is another assisting a.t operations and seeing patients gram have been numerous and splendid, fine example of success tnrough the ex­ and not being able to do the things 1 wanted and all who have dealt with him-pro­ ercise- of the freedom of opportunity to do, namely, to teach and to do research." fessional associates, engineers, State and In 1926, the opportunity came to go to the which has been the American heritage University of Wisconsin as Associate Profes­ local government officials, and the public through 200 years. sor oJ: Surget·y, a. full-time job, with much at large-have always found him to be The article follows: less pay, but the opportunity to do the work forthright, knowledgeable, courteous, ANOTHER EXAMPIZ O:J' StrCCESS THROUGH THE that he wanted to do. and helpful. He exemplifies the term in­ FREEDOM OF OPPORTUNITY In January of 1927, he was offered the Chair tegrity. In his retirement his- advice Dr. Ochsner considem himself "the most of Surgery a.t Tulane University in New and friendship will be sorely missed by fortunate individual" in the worfd-flrst, in Orleans, wlifch_had been held by one of the those who have had the benefit of a t-hat his parents- were rugged stock wh:o most venerable surgeons in the United States, dally working relationship with him. homesteaded in South Dakota. before Kimball Dr. Rudolph Matas. At the time he was only was a. town. It had been chosen as a site for thirty years of age and did no~ think he Before his ye.ars of civilian service, a ra.ilroacl stop. but when the parents drove woUld be considered: "I did not even con­ Frank was mindful of the duty owed to a team of oxen there, there was no town. sider it seriously when r first came to New his country. In 1937 he joined Troop :a­ He grew up in a Ch11stia.n home under very Orleans to be looked over and to look the the Bay Horse Troop-<>! the 107th strict discipline which he came to appreciate place over. Before I left New Orleans I was Cavafry in Cleveland, Ohio. Following more t-hrough the years. "I am convinced that asked to give one of Dr. Matas' dia~ostic December 7, 194'1, he served as troop the reason we are having so much trouble in clinics. Dr. Matas was one of the best ed­ the United States today is that we have a ucated men in the world according to Dr. commander in the 107th Cavalry,_ par­ whole generation of young people w.ho do not Will Mago, and I was not about to hold one ticipating in the patrol of the Pacific know what discipline is," he recently com­ of his clinics. They insisted upon my doing it. coastal region from Santa Maria,. Calif., mented. He says he was also "fortunate that I said I would do it and would talk about north. to the Oregon border. After the I had to struggle to get by" because his par­ some work I had been doing and would war, he was separated from active duty ents were not amuent, and he had to work demonstrate the technique before about 250 with the rank of lieutenant colonel, but his way through college. students ancr about 50 facUlty members. They remained active in the U.S. Army Re­ After finishing a.~ the schools in Kimball, had been looking for a. professor for about he attended the University of South Dakota. two years and had not been able to agree serve, serving as Director of Command at Vermillion in. 19H taking the combined upon one. The technique that I demonstrated and General Staff Branch of the 6227th course of B.A. a.nd two years of medicine, ended in absolute failure, the reason for USA& School at the Presidio of San graduating- in 1918. His father's cousin, Dr. which I did not- know at the time. 1t- hap­ Francisco and later as commandant of A. J. Ochsner, an internationally known sur­ pened., however, that the cocaine I was using the schooL He was transferred to the geon, then took liim under his Wing. was old and had lost its e!ficiency. I knew Retired Reserve in 1970, in the rank of The senior Ochsner's son did not study after this failure that I would never be con­ colonel, afte_r more than 30 years of medicine, and thus the opportunity of the sid·ered for the place. When the technique did family name continuing in medicine fell to not work, I simply said that I did not know Active and Reserve service which he Alt on. what happened and did not try to make any started as a private in Cleveland so Aiton.spent the summers of 1917 and 1918 excuses." One week later, he was oft'ered the many years ago. as an intem in the Augustana Hospital in job and they said the reason they did was Now, in 1976, Frank Peebles will retire Chicago, where the senior man was- chief sur­ that he did not make any excuses when this from his country's service, and on June geon. In 1918, he transferred to Washington failure had occurred. He went to New Orleans University, considered by many as the best 26 the people of the San F.ranci&co Bay the first of July, 1927, as Chairman and Pro­ medical school at that time. fessor of Surgery at Tulane University. A son, area will express their affection far him Alton Ochsner finished two yea r& of medi­ John, who later became a. great heart surgeon at a retirement d.inne.r. I ask the Mem­ cine at Washington University, receiving an and associated with his father, was born bers of the House to join with me in M.D. degree in 1920. During his senior year shortly before t he move to New Orleans. With congratulating this outstanding member he was chosen as a student intern. It was at the exception of two years, he continued his of our community and government, and a t ime when t hey were having- a great deal teaching and r esearch at Tulane through wish him continued happiness, good of difficulty in Russia, and Hoover, who sub­ 1941. health, and personal success in his re­ sequ ently became President , took a m ission On J anuary 1, 1942, four other professors tirement. His wife of 37 years, Betty, his to Russia ancl several of the interns from joined Dr. Ochsn er in the clinic, which bears Barnes HQSpital, where h e was interning, his name. Th e ch oice o~ a name for the clinic daughters, Mrs. Sharon Archer and Mrs. were chosen. This left a vacancy in tl1e hcs- was made by his colleagu.es wh ile Dr. Ochsner June 17, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19065 was out of town. The cllnlc has grown con­ drafting messages of congratulation to the PERSONAL EXPLANATION siderably through the years, earning a King on the successful outcome of the war reputation as one of the best in the United with France. But the adoption of the Stamp States, with a dedicated staff and a fine Act and other measures for taxation without teaching program. representation transformed him into one of HON. CHRISTOPHER J. DODD "We are very proud of our educational pro­ the earliest and most impassioned leaders OF CONNECTICUT gram, training doctors to act as our best com­ of the colonial protest movement. He was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES petitors. We have trained about 1200 such the author of the Westmoreland Resolves of individuals at considerable expense to us, 1776, which bound the 115 brave signers Thursday, June 17, 1976 but we feel that this is one of our real con­ of Westmoreland County to "stand by, and Mr. DODD. Mr. Speaker, I regret that tributions. We are proud of the service we with our lives and fortunes to support, main­ I was unavoidably absent for the roll­ give to the patients we take care of, but the tain and defend each other" in refusing to number we can take care of is limited. How­ comply with the Stamp Act and in trying call vote in the House on the amendment ever, the number of individuals we can in­ to prevent its execution in Virginia.. Hence­ by our colleague from Missouri to de­ fiuence through the medium of those we have forth, Richard Henry Lee was to be regarded lete $350 million in long-lead procure­ trained is unlimited," he recently com­ by the British Court as one of the most ment funds for the huge, Nimitz class mented. dangerous agitators of sedition in the aircraft carrier. colonies, quite in the same league as Patrick Had I not been absent, I would have Henry and Samuel Adams. Had the Ameri­ voted in favor of the amendment to de­ REFLECTIONS ON RICHARD HENRY cans lost, they would have been the first candidates for the scaffold. lete these funds. LEE Richard Henry Lee, who was later to be elected president of the Congress and the HON. M. CALDWELL BUTLER last chief executive before the adoption of the Constitution, was the most prominent of CAPTIVE BALTIC NATIONS OF VmGINIA five remarkable brothers who labored for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES patriot cause. A month before the date we Thursday, June 17, 1976 now commemorate, his brother, Arthur, as HON. l\1ARJORIE S. HOLT the secret agent of the Congress in London, Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Speaker, I am had received Bea.umarshais' promise of co­ OF MARYLAND pleased to bring to the attention of my vert military aid from France, together with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES colleagues the remarks of my fellow instructions as to how the arms were to be Thursday, June 17, 1976 Virginian, Al.·mistead Mason Lee, presi­ picked up from the West Indies. As a mem­ dent of the Society of Lees of Virginia, ber of the Committee of Correspondence, Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, 36 years ago, later to be the Committee on Foreign Af­ the Soviet Union occupied the Baltic na­ at the ceremony commemorating the fairs, Richard Henry received this news. And tions of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, 200th anniversary of the introduction of although he had long insisted that Congres­ and began a brutal oppression of those Richard Henry Lee's resolution of inde­ sional debates should be open to the press pendence in the Continental Congress. and public, he agreed with Franklin and Mor­ brave peoples that continues even today. Mr. Armistead Lee made his remarks ris that this intelligence on French aid was We must never lose our sense of moral at a June 7 press conference, jointly far too sensitive to be even shared with their outrage at what has occurred in these sponsored by the Joint Committee on Ar­ fellow legislators. captive nations. We must never recognize l'angements for the Commemoration of Shortly afterwards, Arthur Lee, as co-com­ the legitimacy of the Soviet occupation the Bicentennial and the Philadelphia missioner in Paris with Franklin and Deane, of those Baltic countlies. chapter of the Federal Bar Association, was to negotiate sucecssfully for covert aid Only recently, I learned of a bereaved from Spain. Another brother, William, aban­ to at Congress Hall in Philadelphia. I joined doned a prosperous position as a merchant, Latvian mother who is still trying my colleagues Hon. LINDY