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Systematic Review on Communicable Diseases in Prison Settings

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Systematic Review on Communicable Diseases in Prison Settings SCIENTIFIC ADVICE Systematic review on active case finding of communicable diseases in prison settings Prevention and control of communicable diseases in prison settings www.ecdc.europa.eu ECDC SCIENTIFIC ADVICE Systematic review on active case finding of communicable diseases in prison settings Prevention and control of communicable diseases in prison settings This report was commissioned by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), coordinated by Lara Tavoschi, with the support of Netta Beer, Helena de Carvalho Gomes, the ECDC Library and Dagmar Hedrich (EMCDDA). The systematic review was performed by members of a consortium of Pallas Health Research and Consultancy and Health Without Barriers (framework contract number ECDC/2015/028, specific contract number ECD.5855), in cooperation with Università degli Studi di Sassari (UNISS): Anouk Oordt, Marije Vonk-Noordegraaf and Hilde Vroling (Pallas), Letizia Bartocci and Roberto Monarca (Health Without Barriers), and Sergio Babudieri and Giordano Madeddu (UNISS). This report has been authored by Anouk Oordt and Hilde Vroling (Pallas), Giordano Madeddu (UNISS), Lara Tavoschi and Netta Beer (ECDC), Dagmar Hedrich (EMCDDA). Acknowledgements Invaluable input was received from the guidance expert panel, which included the following persons: Barbara Janíková (Czech Republic), Kristel Kivimets (Estonia), Fadi Meroueh (France), Heino Stöver (Germany), Peter Wiessner (Germany), Ruth Zimmerman (Germany), Roberto Ranieri (Italy), Lucia Mihailescu (Romania), Jose- Manuel Royo (Spain), Stefan Enggist (Switzerland), Eamonn O’Moore (UK), Alison Hannah (Penal Reform International), Jan Malinowski (Council of Europe), Lars Møller (WHO), and Ehab Salah (United Nations on Drugs and Crime). The authors would like to acknowledge ECDC staff who contributed to the project: Andrew Amato, Erika Duffell, Teymur Noori, Anastasia Pharris, Jan Semenza, Ettore Severi, Gianfranco Spiteri, Judit Takacs, and Marieke J. van der Werf. The authors would like to acknowledge EMCDDA staff who contributed to the project: Linda Montanari and Marica Ferri. The authors would like to acknowledge the field researchers who contributed to the project: Ruth Gray, Sofia Victoria Casado Hoces, Leon Weichert and Deborah Iwanikow. Suggested citation: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Systematic review on active case finding of communicable diseases in prison settings. Stockholm: ECDC; 2017. Stockholm, November 2017 ISBN 978-92-9498-097-7 doi: 10.2900/348536 TQ-05-17-025-EN-N Cover picture: © istockphoto © European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, 2017 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged. For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the EU copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. ii SCIENTIFIC ADVICE Systematic review on active case finding of communicable diseases in prison settings Contents Systematic review on active case finding of communicable diseases in prison settings ........................................... i Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................... iv Glossary ....................................................................................................................................................... iv Executive summary ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Background ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Guidance on communicable diseases in prison settings ................................................................................. 3 Active case finding .................................................................................................................................... 4 Diseases overview .................................................................................................................................... 4 Scope and objectives ................................................................................................................................ 6 Review methods ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Review objective: ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Review questions: ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Search and selection strategy .................................................................................................................... 7 Data extraction ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Evidence summary .................................................................................................................................. 11 Quality control ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Review results ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Hepatitis ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 Hepatitis A ............................................................................................................................................. 15 Hepatitis B ............................................................................................................................................. 15 Hepatitis C ............................................................................................................................................. 16 Guidelines hepatitis ................................................................................................................................. 18 HIV ....................................................................................................................................................... 18 Sexually transmitted infections ...................................................................................................................... 22 Chlamydia and gonorrhoea ...................................................................................................................... 22 Syphilis .................................................................................................................................................. 24 Trichomoniasis ....................................................................................................................................... 25 Guidelines STI ........................................................................................................................................ 25 Tuberculosis ................................................................................................................................................ 27 LTBI ...................................................................................................................................................... 28 Guidelines TB ......................................................................................................................................... 30 Increasing testing uptake ........................................................................................................................ 31 Discussion ................................................................................................................................................... 32 Main findings .......................................................................................................................................... 32 Hepatitis ................................................................................................................................................ 33 HIV ....................................................................................................................................................... 34 STI ........................................................................................................................................................ 34 TB ......................................................................................................................................................... 35 Increasing testing uptake ........................................................................................................................ 36 Knowledge gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 36 Disease-specific gaps .............................................................................................................................
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