Nolli Plan 1748
Garden Cities of Tomorrow A Group of Slumless, Smokeless Cities
Ebenezer Howard (1898)
The Moderns The American Urban Design Tradition
Jane Jacobs - The Death and Life of Great American Cities
Colin Rowe – Collage City
Kevin Lynch - The Image of the City
William H Whyte – The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces
Christopher Alexander - A Pattern Language
Allan Jacobs - Great Streets
CNU- Charter of the New Urbanism
TOD diagram TND vs Sprawl Peter Calthorpe (1993) DPZ (199x)
The Transect Andres Duany (2000)
Change transportation, sustainability, public life, health, economy Change transportation, sustainability, public life, health, economy
physical change – urban design Change transportation, sustainability, public life, health, economy
physical change – urban design
practices, codes, standards, processes, norms, politics Density is not Enough!
The IMPACT of land use choices…
– on travel behavior – on long-term value – on attracting talent – on public health – on climate
…depends on URBAN DESIGN using URBAN DESIGN to deliver the benefits of density. What do we mean by “urban design”?
– NOT architectural style – NOT aesthetics – NOT broader land use program The INTEGRATION of buildings, streets, and open space into places that work for PEOPLE. what’s so hard about that? what’s so hard about that? building codes force of habit exit strategies fire codes delays fiscal impacts denser workplace politics security concerns
financing street standards parking ratios
few precedents soft market fees
staff design capacity stormwater mgt weak transit Walkability: the measure of success Walkability: 7 Key Ingredients
1. Fine-grained pedestrian circulation. 2. Orient buildings to streets and open space. 3. Organize uses to support public activity. 4. Place parking behind/below buildings. 5. Address the human scale with building and landscape details. 6. Provide clear, continuous pedestrian access. 7. Build complete streets. 1. fine-grained pedestrian circulation
TYPICAL graphics courtesy of Gensler 1. fine-grained pedestrian circulation
BETTER 1. fine-grained pedestrian circulation
BEST
2. orient buildings to streets and open space
TYPICAL 2. orient buildings to streets and open space
BETTER 2. orient buildings to streets and open space
BEST urban design is about… how buildings work together to define streets and spaces 3. organize uses to support public activity
TYPICAL 3. organize uses to support public activity
BETTER 3. organize uses to support public activity
BEST urban design is about… how uses bring spaces to life 4. place parking behind/below buildings
TYPICAL 4. place parking behind/below buildings
BETTER 4. place parking behind/below buildings
BEST urban design is about… artfully accommodating the auto 5. address the human scale with building and landscape detail
TYPICAL 5. address the human scale with building and landscape detail
BETTER 5. address the human scale with building and landscape detail
BEST urban design is about… physical comfort and legibility 6. provide clear, continuous pedestrian access
TYPICAL 6. provide clear, continuous pedestrian access
BETTER 6. provide clear, continuous pedestrian access
BEST urban design is about… welcoming the pedestrian 7. build complete streets
TYPICAL 7. build complete streets
BETTER 7. build complete streets
BEST urban design is about… how streets support mobility options everyone is a pedestrian, even if they arrive by car. tactical approaches Sunday Streets/Ciclovia tactical approaches Temporary Public Art tactical approaches Parklets tactical approaches Pop-up Retail tactical approaches Prototyping tactical approaches Pavement to Parks
Existing Places in the Planning Area 規劃地區內現有的景點 Những Địa Điểm Hiện Có Trong Khu Vực Quy Hoạch
19TH ST AVE Lake Merritt Station L O Area Planning Areas H T 17TH ST A
E. 18TH ST
DR BART Station Entrance
1/2 Mile Radius FOO 1 THILL BL 6 VD West Subarea LAKESIDE
15TH ST East Subarea E L a k e V A VE A E. 15TH ST Merr itt E R 1ST
O
14TH ST H L S E VE ST
ST A A ST K Public K E Library S A L INTERNA I D 3RD E VE TIONAL BL 13TH ST A Post County D VD Ofce Court R 2ND FRANKLIN WEBSTER HARRISON
12th St ST 2 VE 6 12TH ST A BART E. 12TH ST L NE
ST N U 4TH T ST Oakland Oakland TH 11TH ST CKSON 11 Museum of Unifed
1 J A California School Y Lincoln Kaiser A Sq.Park Lincoln Auditorium District ST W Elementary Pacifc MADISON Oakland Unifed A D Renaissance 10TH ST School District O E. Plaza 2 AK Downtown 11TH ST B R 3 O Campus E. 10TH ST 9TH ST ST 7 Madison 6 Lake BART Laney Sq. Park Merritt 8 Parking College 9 BART 4 ALICE 3 8TH ST VE 7 A MTC/
ABAG 5TH 7TH ST Chinese Garden 5 Park . 7TH ST Laney E 6TH ST Parking PL Peralta Community College District WEBSTER Administration 5TH ST ST 4TH ST 4 880 ST ST ST ST ST 4TH ST ST 8 CKSON Y A J A ST AK W O ALICE T A D C 3RD ST ALLON VICTORY F O HARRISON B R WEBSTER FRANKLIN EMBARCADERO
2ND ST MADISON
0 100 500 1000
EMBARCADERO WEST AMTRAK 1ST ST FEET
5 WATER ST 9