June 21, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 14295

EXTENSION·S OF REMARKS

Golden Spike Reopens Northwestern · tion of the essential rail line. At the last were appalling: preliminary estimate of minute, I was forced to cancel my par·­ total dam.age in the major river basin areas, California Disaster Area $462 million; $60 million alone in the Eel ticipation in the ceremony because of River basin; 100 Jniles · of the Northwestern legislative responsibilities here in the Paoffic rail lines virtually wiped out. EXTENSION OF REMARKS House of Representativs, but Representa­ My California colleague in Congress and OF tive CLAUSEN did participate and did on this · committee, BIZz JOHNSON, from drive that spike. Roseville, who would have been here with HON. HAROLD T. JOHNSON Without objection, I would insert at me except for the fact that he had his bill­ OF CALIFORNIA this point in the RECORD Congressman the Auburn Folsom Dam project up for floor IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES consideration today, and I each promptly CLAUSEN'S comments made on that mem­ introduced several flood relief bills in Con­ Monday, June 21, 1965 orable .and important occasion for they gress. We each appeared and made pres­ Mr. JOHNSON of California. Mr. point up Federal efforts to help our dis­ entations on March 9 at hearings before Speaker, last Wednesday a golden spike, aster stricken neighbors. May I also, at the House Subcommittee on Flood Control this time, express the deep appreciation in support of legislation to alleviate this symbolic of the spike which was put in of the people of all of California for the disaster. I take pardonable pride in report­ place about a century ago to link East wonderful and heartwarming assistance ing that Congress has now enacted the Pa­ and West when the railroad first spanned which was extended to the people of our cific Northwest Disaster Relief Act of 1965, this Nation of ours, was driven into the to provide assistance to California and the tracks of the Northwestern Pacific Rail­ great State by both the legislative and four · other affected Northwestern States for road along the Eel River in California. the executive agencies of the U.S. Gov­ the reconstruction of areas damaged by these With this act, this railroad was re­ ernment. floods. Although President Johnson took ex­ stored to operation for the first time since Comments by the Honorable DON ception to one minor feature of this law, he the disastrous floods which hit the CLAUSEN: indicated that he would promptly sign it if Dr. Dolfini, President Biaggini, distin­ this feature were eliminated. The Congress Pacific Northwest last Christmas. In five has already repassed the law with the ob­ and a half months since disaster struck, guished guests, ladies and gentlemen, I should like to express my heartfelt congrat­ jectionable language deleted. the Northwestern Pacific Railroad and ulations to you, Mr. Biaggini, and your rail­ What are the salient features of this act? its parent company, Southern Pacific, road assodates who have labored · so dili­ 1. The act would authorize the Secretary have worked around the clock to restore gently to accomplish the engineering miracle of Commerce to expend not to exceed $70 the railroad's operation. This has cost of reestablishing rail service over this line million in the 1965 and 1966 fiscal years for the company $10,70'0,000. Neither money in the short period of less than 6 months. the repair and reconstruction of highways, nor manpower were spared to expedite I am most happy to join in this cele·bra'­ roads, and trails damaged as the result of the reconstruction of the raih·oad for the tion commemorating the restoration of this the disaster. economic survival of a large area of our vital ra.il link to the redwOOd empire. As 2. The act would facilitate resumption or" your representative in Congress, I would like logging on Government land by authorizing Golden State was at stake. The railroad to tell you what we in Congress and the reimbursement in part of timber sale con­ 1s the only feasible means of moving Government service have done to rehabilitate tractors for the cost of restoration of access great volumes of timber products from this area after the devasta·ting flood and roads damaged by the flood, and by au­ this area to the rest of the Nation and hopefully to prevent a recurrence of such thorizing appropriation of an additional the world and communities in this re­ disasters in the future. $38 million for forest development roads. gion are totaliy dependent upon the tim­ As you know, the catastrophic floods of 3. The act would give public land entry­ ber industry for their very existence. last December and January were not limited men relief by providing additional time to There was naturally great joy and cele­ to northern California, but also wreaked comply with requirements of law. havoc in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and 4. The act would allow loans under the bration when the first train left Eureka Nevada. They were among the worst experi­ Small Business Act maturing up to 30 years to travel along the winding Eel River to enced in the history of this country. The for replacing or repairing damaged dwell­ Shellville Junction where it entered the President of the United States immediately ings. Southern Pacific system. In my home­ declared the area a major disaster area. All 5. Finally, and most important in connec­ town of Roseville, Calif., this, the first available machinery of the Federal and State tion with our gathering here is the provision train from the Northwest, reached the governments, as well as of the county and in the act for a Federal Government survey Southern Pacific's switching yards where municipal jurisdictions, was directed to im­ to determine what protective work is neces­ the timber products carried from the mediate relief and subsequent rehabilita­ sary and in the public interest to prevent tion. The Army, Navy, Marine, and Air the recurrence of flood damage to the banks northwestern California famed redwood Force all supplied equipment and services to of the Eel River adjacent to this railroad and regions were sent speeding on their way transport food and forage, clothes, fuel and authorizing the performance of such future to points north, south, and east through­ other necessities. · The prompt action of the work by the Government and the reimburse­ out our Nation. Federal agencies in emergency assistance, ment of such work as has already been done And soon thereafter the first train to coordinated by the Office of Emergency by the railroad. This is a recognition by return to the Eureka region carried the Planning, as well as the help of State and Congress of the public interest in preventing products of the Nation and the world local agencies, and private agencies, greatly a recurrence of blockage of service on this back to the communities which had been alleviated the suffering and losses that oc­ peculiary vital railroad. The public interest curred. The Corps of Engineers established is indicated by the fact that some 80 percent isolated for such a long time. 47 field offices and had 867 personnel engaged of the forest products produced in the Eel Even as these trains moved back and in disaster activities. River basin is shipped to market over this forth for the first time across this im­ The catastrophe prompted the House railroad, and the forest products industry portant railroad line, President Lyndon CruIWlittee on Public Works, of which I have makes up approximately 70 percent of the B. Johnson was signing into law the Pa­ the privilege to be a member, to send a spe­ economy of the area. This provision affords cific Northwest Disaster Act which made cial subcommittee last January to inspect important interim protection before a pro­ special provisions to protect and stabilize the damage in California and Oregon first­ jected permanent multipurpose flood control hand. I also served with this subcommittee. project on the Eel River, now under survey the banks of the Eel River so that the We held numerous meetings in· this area by the Corps of Engineers, can become a same type of disaster might not occur with Federal, State, and local officials, as reality. While this act is an important step again. I am proud to have authored this well as with representatives of Southern towards providing protection from future legislation. Pacific and Northwestern Pacific, lumber floods and toward alleviating some of the For the people of northwestern Cali­ companies and other private interests. suffering from the past one, it is not respon­ fornia this was a memorable week. To From Eureka we flew on an inspection tour sible for the major feat of restoring these by helicopter along the Eel River canyon for rail lines in this brief interval. Under the commemorate the occasion, our Cali­ a distance of about 40 miles. This was the act the Federal Government bears no part of fornia colleague, Congressman DoN only way to see this area, since practically the cost of restoring the railroad. Instead, CLAUSEN, also an author of the Pacific all roads and bridges were impassable. On this tremendous accomplishment is due sole­ Northwest Disaster Act, and I were April 1, 1965, this subcommittee issued a ly to the Southern Pacific and Northwestern scheduled to drive that ·golden spike 67-page report on the disaster to the .full Pacific and their contractors plunging ahead which marked the final step ~ restora- Committee on Public Works. Its findings at full speed with their own people and 14296 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 21, 1965 financial resources in the best free enterprise mountains where they remained until heavy ments are today still in existence and retain tradition, without waiting for Government snows forced their return; they then restored some of the earmarks of earlier years. But help. As our committee put it in its report their partially ruined church, and resumed Taos like many of our frontier towns is tak­ on this act: friendly relations with the Spanish. ing on a new role. The clear mountain "Railway management has acted with dis­ The first Anglo trappers came to the area· streams and lakes, the beautiful stands of patch and with high regard for its responsi­ in 1805, and were overjoyed to find in the fir and ponderosa pine, and the scenic Rio bility to assist in restoring the economy of sheltered valley a haven of civilization on Grande Gorge have a great attraction for the region, by taking emergency action to the borders of the vast wilderness that visitors and outdoor recreationists from all reconstruct the rail line and resume train stretched north, east, and west over the over the country, and these visitors are in­ operation at the earliest possible date." mountains and plains. The mountain men creasing from year to year. The railroad management is to be com­ made Taos their headquarters; Kit Carson Today Taos boasts of having one of the mended too on its use in this restoration job, was one of the most famous of them. finest ski resorts in the southwestern wherever possible, of its own former operat­ The original Santa Fe Trail of the early Rocky Mountain area. Nearby Eagle Nest ing employees and others from this area, who 1820's led through Taos, but was abandoned Lake provides some of the finest and largest would otherwise have been unemployed, thus when wagonmaster found a route to the rainbow trout in the Southwest. The camp­ giving important interim help to the severely southwest that was easier to follow than the ing areas in high mountains provide excel­ damaged economy of the area. In particular, steep trails of Taos Canyon and the Vermejo lent refuge from the telephone and the I want to recognize the construction crews area. But this route was always used as a tumult of city life. Excellent facilities are who gave that extra effort in order to expedite so-called loop of the Santa Fe Trail, and available for the vacationer who wishes to the completion date of the reconstruction a small section of it can still be seen under take a horseback trip into the mountains project. Finally, they are to be commended the cliffs of the Picture Rocks southwest of and rough it for a few days. New road im­ for granting reduced rates on lumber, so that Taos. provements and construction are making it it might be trucked to the nearest railhead In 1846, Gen. Stephen Watts Kearny possible for those who seek a milder form during the period when the line was shut captured the area from Mexico for the of recreation than horseback riding and fish­ down. United States. Among the famous citizens ing the mountain streams, to tour the Taos Let us firmly hope that the line of steel, of the community who were prominent dur­ countryside and enjoy the scenic mountain which we today relink, may never again be ing Santa Fe Trail and Territorial days were beauty, see the Indian pueblos and nearby cut and that the whole redwood empire may Kit Carson, Charles Simpson, Padre Jose cliff dwellings, or enjoy a picnic at some again blossom with its restoration. Again, Antonio Martinez, Capt. Smith Simpson, nearby recreation area. my congratulations. Colonel St. Vrain, and Judge Beaubien. For many years, visitors to Taos have not Padre Martinez established the first news­ had an opportunity to get a closeup view of paper published west of the Mississippi. one of our scenic attractions of that part of In 1861, Capt. Smith Simpson achieved the State. This attraction is what we often The 350th Anniversary of Taos, N. Mex. fame by nailing the Union flag to a tall call our miniature Grand Canyon or the Rio cottonwood pole and planting it in the Taos Grande Gorge. Flowing through this deep Plaza. For years, Confederate sympathizers gorge west of Taos is the turbulent Rio EXTENSION OF REMARKS had been accustomed to taking down the Grande. The State of New Mexico has near OF flag that had first been placed there in completion a high span bridge across this Kearny's time. Simpson and his friends gorge which will connect for the first time HON. THOMAS G. MORRIS guarded the flag against further aggressions, the east and west side of northern New and, to honor their solicitude for the na­ OF NEW MEXICO Mexico and give our visitors a look at this tional emblem, the Stars and Stripes have rugged country. After a recent study by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been permitted ever since to fly over Taos Department of the Interior, it was proposed Monday, June 21, 1965 both during the day and at night. that the Rio Grande be declared a wild river The growth and fame of Taos as an art and be included in a Wild River System to be Mr. MORRIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with colony grew out of one man's enthusiasm for created by legislation now pending in the considerable pride and pleasure that I this town which he had never seen, and a Senate and in the House. Under this legisla­ inform my distinguished colleagues in broken wagon wheel. Joseph Henry Sharp, tion, the Rio Grande, through this deep the House of Representatives of the 350th a young painter sketching in New Mexico gorge which stretches from Pilar, N. Mex., anniversary of Taos, N. Mex. This in 1880, reported so enthusiastically what he to the Colorado State line, would be pre­ charming and picturesque village in the had heard about the charm of the remote served in its primitive state, thus, perma­ Taos village to his artist friends Bert Phillips nently conserving and protecting the sc.enic, mountains of north-central New Mexico and Ernest L. Blumenschein that they de­ recreation, fish and wildlife values. is widely known as the location of the cided to visit it. They traveled by train to Taos will continue to play an important famous Taos Indian Pueblo, and for be­ Denver, bought camping supplies, and role in the future history of New Mexico. Be­ ing a center of art and cultural activity. headed south, painting as they traveled. cause of the farming, mineral, timber, and The following remarks are offered as a Thirty miles from Taos one of their wagon recreation resources of this area, which are tribute to my many friends in the Taos wheels broke. On the flip of a coin it be.. just now entering a new era of development, area. came Blumenschein's job to ride his horse there is promise that Taos and northern ~ew to Taos, carrying the broken wheel there Mexico will make a large contribution to the THE 350TH ANNIVERSARY OF TAOS, N. MEX. for repair. It took him 3 days to make the future economy and well-being of our people. In his perceptive article on New Mexico in trip and return to camp. He was so en­ February's Harper's magazine, the late David chanted by what he had seen of Taos that Boroff said that for new Mexicans "the he suggested they stay there for good. Later graceful coexistence of three cultures-­ Sharp joined them, followed by another Spanish, Indian, and Anglo-is an article of artist, Irving Couse. They eventually or­ Never Underrate a Soybean faith." Nowhere in New Mexico is this ganized the Taos Society of Artists, and sent graceful coexistence to be found in a purer east their exhibitions of works that reflected EXTENSION OF REMARKS and more interesting form than in Taos. the beauty and charm of the landscape and OF Forty-eight years after Columbus discov­ people of Taos. More and more artists have ered America, members on the expeditionary been attracted to Taos over the years. A HON. E. C. GATHINGS forces of Coronado reached this area. very powerful esthetic source was discovered OF ARKANSAS Twenty-two years before the Pilgrims landed by these men in the Indian culture; in the at Plymouth, Don Juan de Onate came to Spanish culture they found an established IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Taos. On September 9, 1598, Padre Francisco tradition of religious art. These have been Monday, June 21, 1965 de Zamora arrived to introduce Christianity blended with the strength of American art, to the Taos and Picuris Pueblos. Thus be­ just as the three cultures of Indian, Spanish, Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, on Sat­ gan the Spanish stream of the history of and Anglo have been blended in Taos itself. urday, June 12, the Christian Science Taos. By 1615, the walled town of Taos had One of these Taos artists, Paul Keith, has Monitor published a short five-paragraph been built; we observe this year 1965 as the designed a beautiful commemorative coin article entitled, "Never Underrate a Soy­ 350th anniversary of the founding of Taos. for the 350th anniversary of the founding of bean." But in those short five para­ The Indian part of the Taos story extends Taos. It may be obtained in either bronze far back into pre-Columbian history. In or silver, and it is an appropriate symbol of graphs is told the amazing story of the 1680 occurred an Indian revolution when all one of America's most unique and lovely miracle in American farming. The arti­ Spanish residents were driven out of New places, the home of three cultures, the home cle states: Mexico. Although Don Diego de Vargas re­ of artists, and the home of the most striking In 1961 somebody timidly forecast that the conquered the area around Santa Fe in 1692, natural scenic beauty in the world. lowly soybean might someday crowd wheat peace with the Taos Indians was not Taos has had an historical and colorful and cotton for first place among American achieved until the winter of 1696. De Vargas past and it has played an important role in farm exports. Today it tops them both. came to the Pueblo in September of that the early settlement of the Upper Rio Grande Last year, iii fact, feed grains and soybeans year, causing the Indians to flee to the mountain area. May of the early settle- earned about as much abroad as the entire June 21, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 14297 auto and truck industry combined. And they Mr. Baruch was a warm personal Sacramento, KOGO-TV San Diego, outpaced the exports of the huge chemical friend, admirer, and adviser to our own KFRE-TV Fresno, and KERO-TV Ba­ industry. great beloved elder statesman, the Hon­ kersfield. In addition, six radio stations Soybeans speak everybody's language. A orable James F. Byrnes. Not long after carried the audio portion of the pro­ dash of it makes discriminating French ani­ mals like their feed better. So France ls the turn of tn.e century, they formed a grams: KPPC Pasadena, KRON-FM San buying 218,000 tons of soybean meal a year. long and lasting friendship which con­ Francisco, KXKX-FM San Francisco, Spaniards love it.· They have hiked their tinued to the end, late yesterday in New KCRA Sacramento, KUOP-FM Stock­ imports of soybean meal from 5,000 to 200,000 York City. ton, and KBLA Los Angeles. tons a year. And in Pakistan, a marriage was Mr. Baruch typified and epitomized The councils of churches and the arranged between mustard oil and soybean the southern gentleman in his grandest broadcasters deserve the commendation oil and a new product was born. tradition. In physical appearance and of all the citizens of California for bring­ A world beater, that soybean. in conduct, he was a gentleman always. ing to their listening audiences these dis­ The raising of soybeans in the United In elementary school in New York, he cussions on some of the significant issues States was sparked by World War II, received a book from his teacher for of our day-capital punishment, cam­ and by 1950 soybeans had moved ahead ''gentlemanly conduct." He received paign ethics, divorce law reforms, reli­ of potatoes as a cash crop, in 1956 soy­ medals, decorations, and awards from gion, and the public schools, among beans surpassed oats, and in 1960 this kings, queens, and presidents, but to his others. fabulous oilseed moved ahead of tobacco. death he prized more than any this We look forward to the continued con­ Today, soybeans rank third, outranked award from his schoolteacher at the age cern of the churches and the broadcast­ in value only by corn and cotton. of9: ing industry with other questions rele­ Truly, as the Christian Science Moni­ Mr. Baruch, had a fierce pride in his vant to our times, presented through the tor comments-A world beater, that soy­ native State, and his interest in South mass media of television and radio in the bean. Carolina never waned. He knew first­ months ahead. hand of South Carolina's courtesy, hos­ pitality, and good manners. He was Bernard M. Baruch proud of the gallantry and tolerance of the genuine South Carolinian. Mr. HemisF air 1968 EXTENSION OF REMARKS Baruch was proud of the fact that in OF South Carolina, a man of his faith is EXTENSION OF REMARKS speaker of the house and has served OF HON. W. J. BRYAN DORN longer as speaker than any man in his­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA tory. He was proud that culture and HON. HENRY B. GONZALEZ . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tolerance in Soutli Carolina permitted OF TEXAS him to belong to any civic club or orga­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, June 21, 1965 nization he so desired while being denied Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, the people this privilege in some areas of our Monday, June 21, 1965 of South Carolina were saddened and country. Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, I have grieved this morning to learn of the pass­ Mr. Baruch's success, his sterling introduced today a bill to provide for ing of their elder statesman, Bernard M. character, and his devotion and dedica­ U.S. participation in the HemisFair 1968 Baruch. Mr. Baruch was a much be­ tion to his country will always be an in­ exposition to be held in San Antonio, loved, revered, and honored native of our spiration to me and to generations to Tex., in 1968. An identical measure has State. He was born at Camden, S.C., come. It can be truly said that Mr. also been introduced today in the Senate in 1871 during the Reconstruction era, Baruch, having departed, leaves behind by both Senators from Texas. the son of a Confederate doctor who fol­ "footprints on the sands of time." The main purposes of the bill intro­ lowed the fortunes of his neighbors and duced today is to authorize the Secre­ friends in the "lost cause." Mr. Baruch, tary of Commerce to conduct a study to to the end of his life, maintained a resi­ determine the manner and extent of dence in South Carolina and commuted The Capitol and the Clergy Federal participation as an exhibitor in back and forth from his adopted city of HemisFair 1968. The President is also New York. EXTENSION OF REMARKS directed to report to Congress during the . Mr. Baruch's life was a classic exam­ OF first regular session of Congress which ple of success in the American tradition. begins after the date of enactment of Born in abject poverty, in the wake of HON. PHILLIP BURTON the bill with respect to the findings Sherman's march, Baruch became a mil­ OF CALIFORNIA derived from the study, together with lionaire in the great city of New York IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES such recommendations as the Secretary before the age of 30. He became the of Commerce and the President deem companion and adviser to Presidents, Monday, June 21, 1965 appropriate, and the amount of appro­ barons of industry, and notables Mr. BURTON of California. Mr. priations necessary to accomplish U.S. throughout the world. Speaker, I should like to commend to the representation at the exposition. His was a great philosophy_; he be­ House an outstanding television and I conceived the idea for HemisFair 1968 lieved in the individual. He never radio series · in California entitled "The to commemorate the 250th anniversary lost his love and respect for his fell ow Capitol and the Clergy." This 14-week of the founding of San Antonio and men regardless of their station in life. series of half-hour television programs, "a fair for the Americas," to honor and He spent many hours of his life on park featuring candid discussions of major is­ display the diversified cultures of Pan benches in New York and in Washington sues by leading California clergymen and America, including the history, art, in­ talking to the local citizens and the way­ leaders from the executive, legislative, dustry, commerce, and economic develop..; farer. His Negro neighbors in South and judicial branches of the California ment of each of the nations of the.West­ Carolina were among his best friends State government, has been carried out ern Hemisphere, their interrelationships and greatest admirers. He was a man by the Northern California Council of and common ties, and the contributions of great integrity and character, who Churches, the Southern California Coun­ to their development from Europe, Asia, devoted much of his time and energy to cil of Churches, and the Sacramento­ and Africa. The confluence of civiliza­ philanthropy and helping others. Stockton Area Councils of Churches. tions that ·occurred in the Americas is Throughout his long life, he was Television station KCRA-TV in Sacra­ one of the most exc-i ting stories in the keenly interested in gover·nment-local; mento has provided the studio and pro­ history of mankind and the development State, and National. Not only was Mr: duction facilities without cost to the of civilization. In the course of that de­ Baruch adviser to eight Presidents, but church groups. Six television stations velopment there were vast migrations of he was the adviser and confidant of vir­ have broadcast the entire series without peoples from several continents to both tually all political leaders in the State of cost as part of their pub°iic service pro­ Norlih and South America; civilizations South Carolina, for more than a genera- grarp.ing: KNBC-TV Los Angeles, such as the Mayan, Incas, and Aztecs rose tion. · KRON...:.Ty San Francisco, KCRA-TV and ·fell; and great nations were born. 14298 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 21,. 1965 This is part of the story that HemisFair due partly to export losses during the Jan­ policy that aims to alter part or all of 1968 has to tell. uary-February dock strike. But with the the balance of trade structure. Such strike now history, further narrowing signs President Lyndon Johnson has already persist. May general cargo imports through policy must be analyzed not only in said of HemisFair 1968: New Orleans piers climbed 76 percent from a terms of the effects upon that area which The New World nations are brothers in year earlier; exports rose only a percent. it is desirable to change, but also in history, friends in commerce, and partners Coal exports through big Norfolk-area docks terms of its ultimate result for the entire in aspiration. San Antonio's Fair of the dipped slightly in May from last year. balance of trade picture. Americas, HemisFalr 1968, wm celebrate this S. J. Rundt, an international trade con.. In other words let us plan far enough partnership.· Dedicated to the advancement sultant in New York, says he will be sur­ ahead that we do not lead the child out of special, economic, and cultural well being prised if the U.S. trade surplus hits $5 bil­ of a patch of poison ivY into a den of of all peoples of the Americas, it will be a lion or more this year. He suspects U.S. vol­ living example of our Nation's policy of Inter­ untary restrictions on bank loans are limit­ rattlesnakes. But analysis of a policy American cooperation. I wish you every suc­ ing foreign borrowing to finance U.S. pur­ must not end with its implementation. cess in your plans for this truly American chases. Lester Goodman, a San Francisco Once the policy is in action, it must be fair, which will not only be a symbol but a trade expert, blames "outbreaks or anti­ subjected to close and continuing scru-. product of unity. American feeling" abroad and declining U.S. tiny with a view to determining all of its price advantages, among other factors. This effects, good and bad, upon our interna­ From the beginning, HemisFair 1968 week's strike against U.S.-flag ships could has been a communitywide effort in San tional trade. In this regard, Mr. Speak­ further damage the trade balance, some ob­ er, we might borrow a leaf from the book Antonio, strongly and enthusiastically servers believe. supported by the businessmen and the of some of our defense contractors who general public. Recently, the Texas Leg­ On Friday, in an article on page 3 setup what they call "systems divisions" islature appropriated the sum of $4.5 headlined, "Interest Rates Rising on to analyze and coordinate all activities million to HemisFair for the construc­ Business Loans at New York Banks," the relating to a particularly complex proj­ tion of a permanent building. In 1963 Journal reported that a panel of bankers ect. I would recommend that the Presi­ San Antonians pledged more than $7.5 at the 69th annual convention of the dent set up a "systems division" for in­ million to provide a firm financial base New York State Bankers Association had ternational trade. This would be an of­ for preopening expenses, and in 1964 the expressed the opinion that, as the article fice responsible for analyzing the entire people of San Antonio overwhelmingly put it: complex of our international trade. It approved a $30 million bond issue to pre­ The President's program for banks to curb would recommend policy to the Presi­ pare the city for HemisFair 1968. So the voluntary foreign loans to help check the dent, coordinate its. execution, and then fair is widely supported by the host com­ Nation's balance-of-payments deficit will closely analyze it for its effects after im­ noticeably reduce the Nation's export sur­ plementation. It would, moreover make munity, San Antonio, as well as the State plus this year. of Texas. periodic and accurate reports on 'policy San Antonio, the "Alamo City,'' which And as we have seen from the article results-and not just stratified results will celebrate the 250th anniversary of in Thursday's Journal, this apparently is either, but total results. Not merely the its founding in 1968, the historical and happening already. results in one small area but all of the traditional "Gateway to Latin America," This is indeed disturbing news, Mr. ramifications for the entire structure of is the logical location for an exposition Speaker. This development should cer­ international trade would be reported. of the scope and content of HemisFair tainly command our continued most For instance, suppose that it is desirable 1968. serious attention. Having long believed to reduce the flow of our capital abroad; No nation has a greater interest in the that the key to our balance-of-payments . and suppose that a reduction is furtherance of the goals of Pan Ameri­ problem lies in the continued growth of achieved due to governmental encourage­ can unity and progress than the United our balance of trade, I have consistently ment in this direction. But, if in turn States. Federal participation in Hemis­ and wholeheartedly supported vigorous our balance-of-trade surplus is also re­ positive programs to increase the volum~ duced in the process, what have we Fair 1968 in addition to being another gained? contribution toward those goals will help of our foreign trade. Conversely, I have create a permanent meeting place for opposed outright all proposals aimed at With its responsibility for, and conse­ the nations and people of this hemi­ restricting trade, and have viewed with quently view of, the total international sphere and will provide a showcase of increasing apprehension the use by our trade picture, my proposed "systems di­ hemispheric solidarity. Government of such negative ap­ vision" should be able to foresee that proaches to the balance-of-payments policy which might produce results problem as the interest equalization tax favorable in one area might also produce discouragement of loans abroad, and th~ adverse results in another and thereby Export Shrinkage Threatens the Hefty recent attempts to reduce the amount of forestall its adoption. If it did not, it duty-free goods which may be brought would certainly discover such ill effects U.S. Surplus in Merchandise Trade back by American travelers. Were these soon after policy enactment. If it then t~hniques separate from, and without found the total effect adverse, if the EXTENSION OF REMARKS effect upon, our overall balance of trade policy measures are in fact self-defeat­ OF which is the key factor in this most ing, this would be discovered, and we serious problem then perhaps their use could more quickly and more knowledge­ HON. RICHARDT. HANNA would be justified. Such, however, ap­ ably move away from their use toward a OF CALIFORNIA parently has proved not to be the case. better solution. I am convinced, Mr. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES For our international trade and the Speaker, that the complex and serious Monday, June 21, 1965 financing thereof is based upon a highly nature of our balance-of-payments prob­ complex web of interrelationships, and a lem demands the kind of close analysis Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, I would negative approach in one area is likely careful coordination and constant revie; like to call the attention of my col­ to produce an adverse reaction in an­ offered by the "systems division" ap­ leagues to a danger signal sounded in other. If this is the case, as recent proach. two separate and small, but nonetheless events so indicate, then it would seem I also believe that we can push forward significant, articles which appeared in that the medicine of these negative in two other positive directions. First, the Thursday, June 17, and Friday, June measures is aggravating rather than we must continue to promote our foreign 18, editions, respectively, of the Wall healing the balance-of-payments dis­ trade with vigor and imagination. Here Street Journal. On Thursday, the ease. the efforts and accomplishments of the warning appeared in the second item of We must take heed of these warnings, administration and Congress have been the Journal's regular feature, ''Business Mr. Speaker. They remind us of the most commendable. They include, of Bulletin," and reads as follows: extreme complexity of Ol.11' international course, the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, Export shrinkage threatens the hefty U.S. trade relationships. So sensitive, so surplus in merchandise trade. the development and improvement of a During the first 4 months of this year the delicate, and so interwoven are these system of export credit insurance, and surplus of exports over imports dropped to relationships that there is a real need the praiseworthy efforts of our Com­ an annual rate of $4.S billion from $6.5 bil­ for the most searching kind of analysis merce Department to encourage Ameri­ lion for all 1964. The decline probably was before coming to a decision to implement can business to trade more and to export June 21, -1965- CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD - SENATE 14299 more. These and other positive pro­ scientists and · others . were critical of our another. And in China's case the emphasis grams like them have been the right foreign policy, saying it was little more than has been on internal revolution, subversion, a set of meaningless phrases imploring the and-as in Vietnam-guerrilla "wars of na­ steps in the right direction. But much rest of the world to comply with our version tional liberation." These changes call for still remains to be done in this area. of. goodness and morality. The danger in new thinking and new tactics on our part. More imaginative programs to bring this, we were told, was that other nations There is still another characteristic of this foreign travelers to the United States, would tend to expect words, rather than ac­ new era, and I think it's the most important · more aggressive and sophisticated sales­ tion, if we were put to the test. And we of all. At the start of the cold war we were · manship by American businessmen of might find our ability to influence events on concerned about what happened in Europe. their products in foreign markets, more the decline as a result. We saved it. Now we're concerned about flexibility by them with regard to credit I believe President Johnson has determined what happens to countless brandnew na­ that this Nation will not decline in power tions on the continent of Africa, in south­ terms and product specifications, and and prestige, and that we will adopt a credible east Asia, and elsewhere. Here there is no constant improvement of Government foreign policy which other nations will­ direct confrontation or great powers, as there programs to encourage such activities not necessarily love--but respect. In the end was in occupied Europe. Rather, there is are only a few examples. it is generally power, and not good intentions concern on the part of at least three con­ Then, too, we must actively seek in or moral preachments, which prevails in · tending power blocs that these nations not concert with the free nations of the world the affairs of nations. A nation ignores this become strong allies of some other bloc. The to develop international trade mecha­ basic fact at its peril. nature of the struggle thus is quite different nisms which will better reflect and better Has the President made decisions which from the struggle that has concerned us in finance the ever-rising output of goods will advance our national interest? Only past years. The overwhelming military con­ history can decide. Some of the best minds frontations, with their awesome implications . and services, the ever-increasing wealth in the country say, "No." But I can't help of nuclear war and world destruction, have of a developing world than those which wondering how different those decisions subsided. And more limited encounters have now exist. We must continue to reach would have been if those same critics had become the order of the day. for a new era of international coopera­ been saddled with the same responsibility In these new nations we see tremendous tion in the field of trade and finance. in the same circumstances. One can't em­ forces at work. As I commented in my for­ phasize enough the important distinction eign policy newsletters of last year, there are between the spectator and the participant. four concurrent revolutions in progress around the world. There is the political THE FOREST VERSUS THE TREES revolution in which the old colonial order Johnson and His Critics : Diplomacy in a The President's critics, in the Congress is being replaced by self-government. There Fishbowl and in the press, have broadcast their views is the economic revolution in which 2 billion · widely. The President has expounded his underprivileged people are trying to break views in a number of speeches and tele­ through the walls ot' poverty and ignorance. EXTENSION OF REMARKS vision appearances. Yet I do not believe . There is the population revolution, threaten­ OF that the reasoning and philosophy behind ing the world with ever-new problems in the President's actions have been sufficiently production of food, fiber, housing, and other HON. HENRY B. GONZALEZ understood. Lyndon Johnson is not a war­ essentials of life. And finally there is the OF TEXAS monger; he wants peace and stability; he scientific revolution, posing unknown IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wants freedom to develop his domestic pro­ threats to the existing order. Nowhere are grams; he wants to reduce our commitments these four revolutions more forbiding than Monday, June 21, 1965 overseas. in the newly developing nations. An effective foreign policy for these This is the world President Johnson looks Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, an out­ troubled and revolutionary times must not out upon the world in which he has to make standing colleague, the Honorable MORRIS be just reactions to external events; it must his decisions. It's probably no more awe­ K. UDALL, has recently published an ex­ be initiative as well. If we are not going some than the cold war world, but it poses. cellent discussion of the administration's to spend this era fighting the wrong wars new challenges and requires new responses. foreign policy. I would like to share with in the wrong places, we need a positive for­ Whether he is right or wrong, President John­ you the contents of this report and ask eign policy setting forth long-term goals and son clearly intends to have his country make. unanimous consent ·for it to be placed objectives toward which we can direct the right responses to these challenges. For in the RECORD, as follows: specific military, political, and economic de,. he is aware that the history of mankind is cisions. In this newsletter I shall explore strewn with doctrines and ideas which were· JOHNSON AND HIS CRITICS: DIPLOMACY IN A "the forest," as I think the President views perfect for one age and disastrous for an­ FISHBOWL it, and then relate it, as he does, to the other. Vietnam lies 7,000 miles away; Santo "trees" in Saigon and Santo Domingo. In PHILOSOPHY BASED ON EXPERIENCE Domingo is 400. But the troubled events the process I want to reflect on some of the Before you can understand a man's phi­ in these two widely separated places are re­ critical arguments being made against losophy you must understand the man. lated and involve basic foreign policy issues. U.S. policy in these areas. President Johnson has said, "OUr political Our actions have shocked some Americans· NEEDED-A NEW NAME FOR A NEW ERA philosophies are -the sUin of our life's experi­ 13-nd pleased others. They have prompted one In the late 1940's someone came up with a ences."· He is a man born in 1908. Two of the most heated foreign policy debates we shattering and disruptive events left their have heard in this country since the early ca.tchy name for the power struggle that followed World War II. He called it the marks on people of his generation-the great 1940's. And behind all of these events and depression and World War II. As he views these actions is the lonely man who can't cold war. .But not even cold wars last indefinitely, his country's future, we must never again correct his mistakes in the "final argu­ have the breadlines and economic waste of ments"-the President of the United States. and I think we need a new phrase for the era in which we now find ourselves. For· the 1930's, and we must never again become I saw a cartoon the other day. It showed involved in a major, world war. President Johnson walking alone through a one thing, the war is no longer cold. In dark and gloomy terrain. He was saying to. places like Vietnam it's pretty hot. Bqt, In his lifetime we have fought two world himself, "There seem to be some lonely more than this, there are important differ­ wars and a serious but limited war in Korea. stretches." And indeed there are. No men ences to be noted between the world of 18 To Mr. Johnson the key to avoiding other alive today, except former Presidents Truman years ago and the world today. Communism large conflicts is this: Never let a potential and Eisenhower, know what it means to bear· is no longer monolithic. The Soviet Union; enemy miscalculate our intentions. It is the awful responsibilities of that office: And while still making noises and gestures to­ his belief, supported by most historians, that· it may be significant that both of these men ward Communist expansion, has turned in­ we became involved in each of those wars are supporting the President. ward to its own domestic problems. In fact, because our intentions were misunderstood. Consider the following:· Recently I had the rare privilege of sitting Russia is now a "have" nation with things to_ in the Cabinet Room of the White House for lose in any major encounter. In this new In the first three years of World War I nearly 2 hours as the· President defended era the bully we. have to worry most about­ we were an isolationist people. There was· and explained his policies in these two is not Russia but China, still very much a · no · evidence apparent to the Germans that trouble spots. Wrestling with the hard "have not" nation. we would join in on the side of the Allies. alternatives presented him and with the con­ Then, too, methods have changed. Before On the contrary, President Wilson was re­ flicting advice being offered from all sides, the last Soviet ultimatum in Berlin, to elected in 1916 on the slogan that he "kept: he said, "Every President wants to do what is which President Kennedy responded with us out of war.'' Congressmen ran for office. right. This is not the probi'em The prob-· firmness, and the 1962 Cuban missile crisis, on their opposition to foreign entanglements.­ lem is to know what is right." when our strong stand caused the Russians· Germany thus was tempted to take far bolder What is right in these situations? What· to withdraw, there had been repeated tests steps than prudenc·e would have dictated i{ kind of action should the United States· take' of our will to resist direct military action. she had assessed our will .differently. to advance its interests in this volatile and Since then Russia has gone one way-avoid­ In the 1930's Hitler, noting our rejection changing world? A few years ago political ing military encounters-and China has gone of the League of Nations, our "America First" 14300 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 21, 1965 ra.llles and the many speeches of our isola­ marks ca.rry less weight overseas. But even a own government. A decision not to act in tionist Senators, was persuaded that we private citizens, who . loves his country, what ls clearly our sphere o! influence might would stand by while he conquered Europe. should weigh his words before he accuses his have been irreversible. I'm called a. gunboat Even as great a. leader as Sena.tor Robert Taft President of favoring dictators or advocating diplomat by some of my critics, but what had µeclared, "It would be better that Hitler a new world war. would they have called me if the revolution conquered all of Europe than that a single The fa.ct is that the President of the United had produced another Castro?" American boy die in this foreign conflict." States, unlike the rulers of China and the ISN'T THIS THE GOLDWATER POLICY? And, indeed, it is quite possible that we Soviet Union, has to operate in a :fishbowl. would have let mtler carry out his conquests When we demand that he explain his every One student with whom I talked recently had not the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor move, and preferably in advance, we make in Arizona. remarked with some bitterness, and resolved our domestic debate. Thus, his position increasingly difficult in relation "I supported Johnson and HUMPHREY be­ again, Germany miscalculated the intentions to these other participants in the world cause I was frightened of the Goldwater for­ and will of the United States by heeding our struggle. The President may not always be eign policy. U we are to have Goldwaterlsm own words and actions. right; he may be wrong in Vietnam or the abroad, I'd prefer to have the real, genuine In the late 1940's and early 1950's we led Dominican Republic or both places. But he article and not a watered-down substitute." North Korea, China, and the Soviet Union to ls our President, and he deserves our loyalty In my judgment this criticism reveals, first, believe that South Korea was outside our and support. a. misunderstanding of Senator Goldwater's defense perimeter. The result was a long J. B. Priestly put it this way: "We should views (he said recently he would "pray" as and costly war. behave toward our counti:y as women behave President for a provocation to bomb Red After the 1962 Cuban missile crisis Presi­ toward ~he men they love. A loving wife will China) and, second, a tendency to accept the dent Kennedy remarked to me and other do anything for her husband except to stop "wishy-washy" description accorded Presi­ Members of Congress that its most frighten­ c,rlticizing and trying to improve him. That dent Johnson by his opponents last fall. The ing aspect was that each side }lad misjudged President advocated a strong and credible is also the right attitude for a citizen." foreign policy then, and he is attempting to the other. Khrushchev assumed we would VIETNAM--THE PROS AND CONS permit installation of missiles 90 miles off our carry out such a policy now. shores; we assumed he wouldn't dare. The With this background and in the spirit of A few years ago we had a totally unbeliev­ result could have been :World War III, but open debate and discussion, let's look at able policy based on so-called massive luckily wasn't. some of the arguments made against our retaliation to any enemy move. President The lesson President Johnson draws from Vietnam policy and compare them with the Johnson has substituted for this a policy of ell this is that the Russians and Chinese President's answers: limited response-just that measure of force simply will not believe that we are serious Argument: We should stop the fighting needed to demonstrate our wm. He doesn't about defending really vital places like Ber­ a.nd negotiate a settlement. The President pray for a. chance to expand the war in Viet­ lin, the Phlllppines, Japan, Turkey, or India. answers: "This is what I want, too. But, nam. He wants no "holy" war with Red - 1f we stand back and allow them to take less pray tell me. with whom and where shall I China or the Soviet Union. , Rather, through important places like South Vietnam. In negotiate? I have offered to negotiate with firmness to our commitments he hopes to short, he believes we are being tested there, a.ny government a.t any time, but there has strengthen our role in world affairs, thereby and possibly in the Dominican Republic, too, been no response. I replied to the 19 un­ increasing prospects for peace. This policy and in his view if we fall we shall surely be alined nations who a.Eked for an end to the of cautious and carefully measm:ed response confronted with more difficult tests else­ vrar; Hanoi did not. Our diplomats all over ls not the Goldwater policy I read a.bout in where. the world have tried to make contact with either of his books or heard a.bout in the ~anol and Peiping; the answer is scorn and campaign last fall, and it is not the policy THE ROLE OJ' PUBLIC DISCUSSION ridicule. But I want to negotiate a settle­ he is advocating today. This brings us to a related point. It has ment, and I wlll continue to press for nego­ HISTORY AND THE LONG VIEW been suggested that the President wants no tiations." public criticism of his policies. No doubt he Argument: Vietnam is not of critical im­ Most Americans today acknowledge that is as sensitive to criticism as all of our recent portance to this country; it really makes no President Truman was one of our best Presi­ dents, yet he contributed to the miscalcula­ Presidents have been. However, I think he difference if we lose it. The President has been receptive of the advice he has been answers: "We a.re being tested to see if we tion in Korea. President Eisenhower, seeking given, and nowhere was this more apparent will stand behind our commitments. Either a. settlement with the Soviet Union, bungled than in his Baltimore speech calling for un­ we will remain a. leader in world affairs or we the U-2 affair and perpetuated the cold war. conditiona.1· negotiation in Vietnam. won't. No matter how much we talk about President Johnson, seeking only peace, has What the President wants, I . believe, is freedom, democracy, a.nd international mo­ become involved in two awkward mllltary more responsible criticism and less of the rality, it ls mainly power that influences na­ situations. How will -history assess these tions. If we shrink from honoring a. com­ Presidents and their actions? We can only other kind. How to draw the line is difficult, guess, but what ls clear ls that the decisions of course. But the fact ls that intemperate mitment, we can expect our influence over and uninformed attacks on this country's world events to decline and that of our of our Presidents never come easy. Even foreign policy can have a. material effect on enemies to grow. We stood firm in Greece in a. free society such as ours all facts can't the course of the very events in question. A and Berlin, a.nd the world is better for it; the be disclosed all the time. And no one not tew weeks a.go there were some indicatlons, same will be true in Vietnam." in that position of awesome responsibility gained through. intelligence channels, that Argument: The risks are so great that we can know fully what factors are involved the Hanoi government was about ready for a ought to pull out before it's too late. Arthur in the decisions that are made. negotiated settlement. Unfortunately, these Schlesinger, the former adviser to President I believe President Johnson made the case came to nothing, and our intelligence sources Kennedy, answered this very well at the ex­ for a. credible foreign policy when he said indicated the probable reason: Recurring at­ cellent teach-in we had in Washington re­ in his state of the Union message this year: tacks by prominent Americans on our Viet­ cently. He said, "a. pullout would prove to "We will not, a.nd we should not, assume nam policy led strategists in Hanoi and the Communist world that the mllltant Chi­ that it ls the task of Americans a.lone to Peiping to believe that an outraged American nese position ls right and the Russian posi­ settle all the conflicts of a. torn and troubled public opinion very soon would force us to tion wrong in the current ideological strug­ world • • •. We are prepared to live as abandon the struggle and pull out. gle." This would mean evermore aggressive good neighbors with all, but we cannot be Public discussion is important, and I am action by the Chinese and their allies around indifferent to acts designed to injure our sure the President would defend the right of the world-and possibly force the Soviet interests or our citizens or our establish­ a critic to speak out, even irresponsibly, for Union to adopt similar tactics. It could only ments a.broad. The community o! nations this is the essence of our democratic system. spell increasing trouble for the United States requires mutual respect. We shall extend For this reason I abhor the kind of thought a.nd the free world. it--and we shall expect it." control imposed on the American people A GUNBOAT DIPLOMAT? As I write this, there is no way to know through the sedition laws of World War I. Similarly, the President is under attack how events turn out for us. But before this But what we say in a free society does influ­ for his actions in the Dominican Republic. year is out I think we wlll have turned some ence the leaders of other countries, a.nd I be­ This is what we're hearing: corners, for better or worse, both in Vietnam lieve it is the responsibility of all of us to Argument: We violated our treaties in and the Dominican Republic. I am lncllned weigh this influence when we speak out. U landing troops in Santo Domingo. This ac­ to believe this dark hour wlll pass. As Sa­ a Senator believes the President is pursuing vme R. Davis wrote in the Christian Science policies that are dangerous and wrong, he tion will undo all the confidence and good ought to talk with the President a.nd try to wlll we have earned in Latin America. in the Monitor a few days a.go: persuade him privately. If this fails and he la.st 30 yea.rs. The President replies: "His­ "For all the rough methods that tough­ remains convinced of his own judgment in torians will have plenty of time to weigh the minded Junerlca.ns may use against commu­ ~he matter, he has a. right a.nd duty to go to facts; I dldn 't. In my judgment there was nism, and for all the highhanded politics the press and the public seeking to rally a very great risk that another Castro would they may use, their motive is to clean up public opinion to his side. A private citizen, emerge in the Caribbean. I acted to prevent the situati9n and get out. And they may of course, has less opportunity to commuµi• that and insure that the Dominican people end these vexing episodes in Vietnam and cate his views, but at the same time his re- could have an opportunity to choose their the Caribbean by doing Just that. _June 21, 1965 _CONGRESSIONA_L ~CORD-_ SENA. TE 14301 "The crisis of confidence in the world today F. Collins; Peter Fuller;-Lester A. Wil­ taut work begun 28 years ago and to honor -is based on the fear that they won't. But liams; also the remarks of Hon. JACOB the .men who best characterize the ideals they probably will, all the same.'! of leadership, generosity, and outstanding K: JAVITS, Joseph E. Cronin, and Gov. Le­ .public service:. Roy Collins, and the citations presented At this, time I should like to read a letter to each recipient: received· from Richard Cardinal Cushing: REMARKS BY DR. ASA S. KNOWLES, TOASTMASTER, "DEAR BEN: I regret very much my inability The 28th Annual Dinner, May 20, 1965, PRESIDENT, NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY to attend the 28th dinner sponsored by the in Boston of Mas~achusetts Committee, Thank you, Mr. Haussermann, for your es- Massachusetts Committee, Catholics,· Protes­ .pecially gracious introduction. . ·tants, and Jews . Catholics, Protestants, and Jews The reverend clergy, Governor Volpe, At­ "It is very difficult for me to refuse this in­ torney General Brooke, Mayor Collins, Sena­ vitation. First of all, because of the cause EXTENSION OF REMARKS ator JAVITS, Governor Collins, Mr. Croning, that I have been interested in since its OF other distinguished guests at the head tables foundation; second, because of my interest and in our audience and friends all, I should in you who have kept alive this good cause HON ..JOHN W. McCORMACK like at the very outset to express my sincerest for the past two decades. You are certainly ·gratitude for the honor bestowed upon me to dedicated to the highest ideals of brother- OF MASSACHUSETTS serve as toastmaster at this 28th annual din­ hood. · · IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ner of the Massachusetts Committee, Catho­ "Although I will be among the missing, I Monday, June 21, 1965 lics, Protestants, and Jews. For many years would like to convey through you my con­ I have attended these meetings and have ad­ _gratulations lo Joe Cronin, Gov. LeRoy Col­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr·. Speaker, a mired greatly the objectives and accomplish­ lins, and Senator JACOB K. JAvITs-three .truly great organization, dedicated to ex­ ments of the Massachusetts committee. very deserving recipients of brotherhood tending areas of agreement, and reducing The committee has indeed been fortunate honors. They have demonstrated ov.er the tensions, emotions, and bigotry, is the to have as its secretary, Ben Shapiro, whose years their love for their fellow men irrespec­ Massachusetts Committee, Catholics, reputation is widespread for the work he is tive of the accidental characteristics of dif- doing in the development of better under­ . ferent groups. Protestants, and Jews. standing and cooperative relationships among ' "If there was ever a time when we should The members of this· organization are all peoples, regardless of -race, creed, or color. all be united by the bonds of love and mu­ outstanding men in all walks of human No matter how great the problem or how great tual respect and esteem, it is now when activity who are daily waging the fight the amount of time involved,, Ben has always . human rights are fi·nally becoming available ·for good and against evil. ·given generously of his own efforts and time . to all those dwelling within our shores. Each year this committee conducts a in serving the cause of humanity. · "May the Heavenly Father of us all and the banquet with at least 1,200 persons in The strength of our society is in its citi­ Creator of the world be with us in all our attendance at which citations of merit zenry composed of people having many di­ efforts to sponsor good will among our fellow­ verse cultures and creeds. All contribute men without exception. are awarded to three persons of different greatly in combination to fulfill the Amer- . "With fondest regards to you personally, teligious beliefs. - . ican dream of a great and free society. The I am your ever grateful and devoted friend, The banquet this year was held on human element, however, causes blight in the . "RICHARD CARDINAL CUSHING, . May 20, 1965, at the Statler Hilton Hotel forms of hatred, bigotry, and intolerance. "Archbishop of Boston.". in Boston, Mass. The citation of merit . Lest these may weaken or destroy the whole Perhaps the telegram I am about to read .,.,.. . from this committee is an outstanding social structure they should be removed and, best describes the successful accomplish­ recognition for anyone to receive. hopefully, obliterated. Contributing to these ments of the man I am about to introduce. The dinner this year was the 28th an­ objectives, and thereby to the welfare of all "Mr. BEN G. SHAPIRO, humanity, is the reason this organization ex­ "Secretary, Massachusetts Committee, Cath- nual good will dinner conducted by this ists. It is a pleasure to be associated with organization of men of good will. . olics, Protestants, and Jews: 11;_ and to be a participant in one of its great "I am delighted to join Speaker McCoR­ The recipients of the citations this meetings being held here tonigh". · MACK in extending my warm greetings and year were: Hon. LeRoy Collins, director, On this, the eig~th year that WNAC-TV, hearty good wishes to the members, friends, Federal Community Relations Service; channel 7, has televised these annual pro­ and award recipients of the Massachusetts · Joseph E. Cronin, president, American ceedings, I sh~uld like-on behalf of the Committee, Catholics, Protestants, and Jews. ·Baseball League, chairman, Executive Massachusetts Committee, Catholics, Prot­ "I am delighted to have this opportunity estants, and . Jews-to express heartfelt to publicly praise the deep dedication of each Committee Children's Cancer Research thanks to Mr. William McCormack, vice Foundation; Hon. JACOB K. JAVITS, U.S. ·president and general manager of WNAC-TV, of your honored guests to the cause of social Senator from New York. for arranging this evening's upcoming tele- justice and human brotherhood. Dr. Asa S. Knowles, president of North­ cast. · "May I also at this time express to the eastern University was toastmaster. Let me now take this opportunity to ex­ members of your organization my conviction Mr. H. D. Hodgkinson presented the press our appreciation to the newspapers of that your work has been in the highest tra­ Metropolitan Boston, the radio stations, dition of social Justice and individual dignity. citation to Joseph ·E. Cronin. Mr. Nor­ I have watched with deep gratitude the man L. Cahners presented the citation to WNAC-TV and other cooperating television stations, as well as the airlines_ who have growth of many of your productive· and· in­ _Gov. LeRoy Collins, and Hon. Edward W. provided the gracious ·and attractive host­ spiring endeavors. Brooke presented the citation to Senator esses to serve as ushers and special thanks "You have my sincere personal good wishes JACOB K. JAVITS. are due to the following individuals who as you continue to perpetuate the ideals and The program was televised by WNAC­ assisted in the dinner a:rrangements- aspirations cherished by all men of good will. TV and carried by more than 100 radio Mr. Pat Ryan: Overall arrangements. . . "LYND<;)N B_. JOHNSON.'' stations throughout New England. Mr. Louis Miller: Reservations. · And now it is a particular pleasure to in­ Messp.ges were received from the Pres­ Mr. Isadore Zach: General publicity. troduce the founder and secretary of the Mr. Benjamin Bartzoff: Television ar­ Massachusetts Committee, Catholics, Protes­ ldent of the United States; His Eminence tants, and Jews and commissioner, Massa­ Richard Cardinal Cushing; Hon. EDWARD rangements. Mr. Jerry Hayes: Arrangements for airline . chusetts Commission Against Discrimination, ·· M. KENNEDY from Massachusetts; and hostesses. Mr. Ben G. Shapiro, who will report for the ·committee. - · · · ·· · the Honorable Jo;HN w. McCORMACK, Mr. James McDonald and the Boston Edi­ Speaker of the House of Representatives, son Co.: Lighting and decorations. :INTRODUCTORY REMARKS OF OSCAR W : a member of the executive committee, . John Donnelly Co.: Preparation of the HA-USSERMANN Massachusetts Committee, . Catholics, poster providing the background for our Reverend clergy; Your Excellency, Gover­ .Protestants,' and Jews and a former re­ stage tonight. _ . nor Volpe, Your Honor, Mayor Collins, dis­ cipient of the· committee's citation. Commissioner McNamara and. the Boston tinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, on Herewith are included the remarks by Police Department for courtesies extended to behalf . ·or· our Massachusetts Committee of . Dr. Asa S. Knowles, the toastmaster: Mr. Senator JAVITS and Governor Collins . Catholics, Protestants, and Jews, I welcome Oscar W. Haussermann, chairman of the · If only the 221 people who attended the you, one and all, to this our 28th annual Massachusetts Committee, · Catholics, first. dinner meeting 28 .years ago in the old senior good-will dinner. and Jews; H. Hodg­ Boston City Club could have known at the This year, I shall respect our time schedule Protestants, Mr. D. time just how successful their efforts would and say nothing about my native State of .kinson, general chairman of the commit­ prove to be over ·the years-how proud they Indiana or about my baseball past in ·Evans­ tee; Mr. Ben G. Shapiro, secretary, and would have been. ville; and I shall leave to others the detailing one of the original founders of the com­ Tonight, 1,200 people are assembled in the of the doings of . our · committee since its mittee; Gov. ·John A. Volpe; Mayor John Statler-Hilton Hotel to continue the impor- inception 30 years ago. CXI--903 . . 14302 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE ·June 21, 1965 In other words, I shall stick to my pre­ community. We operate without hired Dr. Walter Downey, the "Mister Ohips" of scribed assignment, which is to present to quarters or paid help and with :funds derived. Montgomery Street and Boston English High you your distinguished toastmaster. solely from voluntary contributions by our School. While I cannot hail him as a fellow many friends. To the newspapers, radio, Judge William McCarthy, a distinguished. Hoosier, as I could his predecessor, Carl Ell, and television who have carried our message jurist. I can depose and say that I feel our com­ of good will to millions of people, we are Prof. John J. Mahoney, the father of munity, as well as Northeastern University, deeply indebted. civic education in America, and the founder is fortunate in having Asa Knowles carry on Our annual dinners are dedicated to that of the civic education center at Tufts Uni­ where Carl Ell left off. ever-widening circle of representative citi­ versity. As most of you know, he's a native of zens who believe in and respect the rights Yes, we have lost much in their passing, Maine and a graduate of Bowdoin who came and the dignity of the individual. They are and they can never be forgotten. to these parts for postgraduaite studies at true exemplars of the concept of brother­ No report on the work of the Massachusetts Harvard and Boston University. In 1931 he hood-their lives are eloquent testimonials Committee of Catholics, Protestants, and entered upon his first tour of duty at North­ to the greatness of our democracy. Jews is complete until there is reference to eastern University-a 10-year tour-begin­ REPORT BY BEN G. SHAPIRO, SECRETARY His Eminence Richard Cardinal Cushing, who ning as an instructor in industrial manage­ has not only inspired but activated the Gentlemen of the clergy, Governor Volpe, things that we strive to do in the field of ment and ending up as professor of indus­ Mayor Gollins, our guests of honor, dis­ trial administration and dean of its college human relations. Our dear friend the car­ tinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, it dinal was the subject of a discussion at a re­ of business administration. is a warm and distinct pleasure to welcome From Northeastern University he was ligious instruction class recently. The les­ you to the 28th annual dinner of the Massa­ son really was on the cardinal virtues. The called to high service outside Massachu­ chusetts Committee of Catholics, Protestants, setts-first as professor of industrial admin­ teacher was reviewing the principles of the and Jews. I should call this gathering of virtues of prudence, justice, temperance, :for­ istration and dean of the School of Business our distinguished audience the blue ribbon Administration at the University of Rhode titude, faith, hope, and charity. As the meeting of the year in the city of Boston. teacher was making his point, he asked his Island; then as_ president of the Associated You are distinguished not for who you are Colleges of Upper New York; then a.s vice class: "Now do you understand what I'm but for what you are. You are the sponsors trying to get through to you?" A youngster president of Cornell; and finally as president of good will work in the general community of the University of Toledo. in the back of the class came through sharp of Greater Boston. Kindly reflect that I and clear: "We're talking about Cardinal In 1959, he 'became a repatriated Bostonian, mentioned work, because good will work is Cushing, aren't we?" returning here to succeed Carl Ell as presi­ abundant in Boston. If it were not, this I conclude now on that note, and suggest dent of Northeastern University-one of our committee would have been a shambles as new Boston's miracle institutions which now each and all of us adopt more fully in our far back as 1937 when we held this first an­ own lives, the cardinal-the Cardinal Cush­ has a student enrollment of more than nual dinner. You serve as a medium ing virtues of good will and brotherhood. 27,000. through which you can endorse the basic Thank you. In the past quarter century, Dr. Knowles' democratic principle of good will among men work as a teacher, college administrator, and of different faiths and different racial origins, REMARKS BY HON. JOHN A. VOLPE, GOVERNOR writer of books and articles on industrial and through the Massachusetts Committee OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSE'ITS management and his extracurricular services of Catholics, Protestants, and Jews you are Congratulations to former Gov. LeRoy Col­ as the head or as a member of various ad hoc active in the encouragement and the support lins, now Director of Federal Community Re­ commissions addressed to special assignments of the vital forces in the community that lations Service, U.S. Senator JACOB JAVITS pro bono publico have made him worthy of generate in individuals a respect for the· of New York, and Joe Cronin, president of the impressive honorary degrees, citations, validity and dignity of each person's re­ the American League as award winners. and awards which he has received to date. ligious faith. You tear down rather than Their contributions in the areas of civic and Ladies and gentlemen, your toastmaster, set up barriers of distinction between races legislative service, legislation concerning Dr. Asa S. Knowles. and creeds and national origins; you are housing, education, public welfare, immi­ gration, labor, health, and the arts have REMARKS BY H. D. HODGKINSON, GENERAL builders and believers in good will. CHAffiMAN Yes, I believe you are a blue ribbon audi­ done much to eliminate discrimination in ence. You carry the ideals and the imprints almost every facet of American life. For 28 years, leaders in the Catholic, of good will from out of this hotel and into As a member of the Massachusetts Com­ Protestant, and Jewish faiths have worked mittee of Catholics, Protestants, and Jews, together as the Massachusetts Committee of the community. You are many people, tied together by the ribbon of good will and its aims and ideals have long been of great Catholics, Protestants, and Jews to improve personal interest to me. group relations. brotherhood. You are jurists and journal­ ists, who stanchly believe in equal rights This Nation of ours is widely hailed Among its many other activities, this com­ of all men; you are insurance men and im­ throughout the world as the "melting pot." mittee has cooperated with the good citizen­ porters, labor leaders and lawyers who be­ And, as you know, a melting pot sometimes ship program of the Boston Park Depart­ lieve and practice the Bill of Rights. You contains ingredients which do not jell, de­ ment, Tufts University civil education proj­ are printers and publicists, athletes and ad­ spite heat· from the flame of goodness. ect, Brandeis University three chapels pro­ vertising men who understand that the It is no secret that our Nation has been gram, Human Relations Center at Boston mainstream of a healthy community is mu­ confronted with the matter of brotherhood. University, Massachusetts Department of tual respect for one another. You are This is to be expected from a melting-pot Education. And, in addition, the committee clergymen and legislators, educators and edi­ situation. has distributed many thousands of copies of tord", people upon whom we all rely for However, neither should it be a secret that educational material to schoolteachers and your counsel and your judgments in the af­ . the United States has done more than any heads of educational institutions throughout fairs of the soul and society. Our commit­ other nation in the world to foster the spirit the United States. tee has grocers, bankers and brokers, social of brotherly love for all mankind regardless Our 14th annual junior good-will dinner, workers and surgeons-all united in the of race, religion, or creed. - bringing together boys of the Bos,ton public good-will work for a great society. You are We have long held the torch of equality and parochial schools, held at Fenway Park, high among our tenets. But this ever-last­ Boston, . on January 27, created favorable merchants, salesmen and statesmen. You ing flame of hope for mankind has some­ comment by leaders in human relations are, in my humble estimation, what is the times passed over dark corners of bigotry throughout the country. · highest accolade that I can summon-you · and dissension which need to be exposed. Our general aims and purposes: To sponsor are a good and generous people. Again, in The emphasis presently being placed on good-will work in the general community of the past year you have helped us to elevate civil and human rights is far less than an Greater Boston; to serve as a medium healthy group relations in our community admission that there is more to be done in through which representative citizens can through such worthwhile projects as the this field, than the reflection of a desire for endorse the basic democratic principle of good citizenship program of the Boston Park action, so that we and the rest of the worlc.l good will among men of different faiths and Department, the Tufts University civic edu­ may come to live in a real and true peace. different racial origins; to bri~g out and em­ cation project; the Brandeis University America offers to so many, from so far, a phasize the many fine things which citizens chapels program-which we salute tonight promise. We must not allow that promise of different faiths have in comm.on; and to on the 10th anniversary of its inception; the to go unfulfilled. Our republic wa,S founded encourage and support those forces in the human relations center of Boston University, on the precept that "All men are created community which generate in the individual the good will program of the Massachusetts equal." This- applies to the right to ~ote, a respect for the validity and dignity of each . the right to employment, the ·right to edu­ other individual's particular religious faith, Department of Education, and our annual cation, the right to public facilities and the with no qualifications or reservations based junior good-will dinner. right to adequate and proper housi~. upon racial origins. Since our last annual dinner this com­ One hundred and eighty-nine years after This committee is a separate, independent munity has suffered the loss of four· stalwart our pledge of , equality for all men in all association, not connected with any other members of our c01nmittee: · things, we ; are still. trying to fulfl.11 that local or national organization. Walter Brown, the creator of the champion . promise. With the continuing endeavors of The committee appreciates the support of Boston Celtics, was a champion among cham­ ·the Massachusetts Committee of Catholics, all who have made this work possible in the pions. Protestants, and Jews, and those of so many June 21, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 14303 other concerned organizations working in the motivating forces for civil rights and Won three science fair awards at Technical concert with governmental units, Massachu­ equal opportunities in the totality of our High. setts will keep her word. And America will lives. Won one city science fair award (third keep her word. · LeRoy Collins is the embodiment of the place). And now I have a very pleasant announce­ enlightened South, the new South, and of Coeditor of yearbook. ment to make. I have just been informed the determination that this country has a Member of school math team. by Mr. H. D. Hodgkinson, general chairman responsibility, after a century of failures and Class representative. of the Massachusetts Committee of Catholics, delays, once and for all to eliminate dis­ Chairman of two school assemblies (honor Protestants, and Jews that a room in the crimination in jobs, schools, voting and assembly and Christmas assembly) outside new Institute of Human Science Building -homes, a responsibility which must be ful­ activities. will be dedicated in honor of our secretary, filled. The community relations impact of Member of Boston Children's Theater. Ben G. Shapiro. Governor Collins is being heard throughout Member of People's Theater. May I offer my personal congratulations the land, because of his statesmanship and In plays at MIT and Harvard and on tele­ to you, Ben. his leadership qualities. His is a voice of vision. HON. JOHN F. COLLINS, MAYOR OF BOSTON silk and an arm of steel. Musician (classical) piano. Each of these three men shares a common Acted in play "Caves and Clouds," short The new Boston is proud to participate in attribute: his concern for his fellow man, this significant meeting honoring three great film. whatever his race, creed or national back­ Interested in Clark University-psychol­ American citizens and sponsored by this gr.ound. Each is dedicated to the concept of distinguished committee of leading Bosto- ogy. American pluralism: that our Nation is great Last summer attended Tufts-National , nians. because it is the sum total of all of its com­ The new Boston is more than beautifµl Science Foundation. ponen.t parts; that our strength comes from Grant (psychology). buildings and plazas, more than facades of the very differences in the ethnic and cul­ glass and concrete and steel, more than tural origins of our people, as well as from Now you have the same treat in store for Prudential Center and Government Center. the unity of our ideals and our unswerving ·you that we enjoyed on January 27-here's The new Boston is more than a renewed vi­ determination that we will prevail over all young Lester Williams with an inspiring sion which looks to the future with the hope enemies, abroad and at home; that we must message. and expectation that the enlightened self­ act brotherhood as well as talk it, that under­ REMARKS OF LESTER A. WILLIAMS, OF BOSTON interest of the entire Commonwealth and a standing and good will must be implemented TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL sense of history and justice will provide Bos­ by action, every day of the week, every hour Senator JAVITS, honored guests, ladies and ton with the wherewithal to meet its commit­ of the day, with persistence and with courage. gentlemen, first let me tell you what a great ments with financial integrity. The new Boston is people, and we are de­ honor it is to be speaking to you tonight. I Above all, the new Boston is people, young lighted to honor these three noble examples see here many outstanding men and women, and old, rich and poor, black and white, of dedication to people, as we honor this people whom I have seen and admired. I Catholic, Protestant, and Jew, bound to­ Massachusetts Committee of Catholics, have always respected the ideas of the lead­ gether by common traditions and common Protestants, and Jews, fot its programs which ers of this community; I've listened with goals and aspirations, to make Boston a city implement the concept that all people are unusual enthusiasm to their words of wis­ of economic, social, and spiritual progress, the children of God. dom, because, someday, I, too, hope to be where all of its people can live in safety, REMARKS OF MR. PETER FULLER able to pass on some of my ideas. decency, and happiness. As a senior in high school, who will be The new Boston is symbolized by this back­ Fourteen years ago, the late Michael T. Kelleher and Ben G . Shapiro conceived the attending college next fall, I am an intricate drop of the three chapels at Brandeis Uni­ part of that group commonly, and sometimes versity, a project, rich in religious meaning, idea that bringing young men together from our public and parochial schools would help bitterly, referred to as "the younger genera­ which grew out of a meeting of this very tion." We have been the object of severe committee exactly 10 years ago. to indoctrinate these young men in a spirit of brotherhood. criticism, harsh warnings, unearned merJts, The new Boston is the ecumenical spirit and sincere praise. Parents continually fall of understanding and good will, expressed Chosen by their headmasters, these public and parochial students in Boston meet in the back, amazed at the antics of their sons and not just in words, but in private and public press quarters at. Fenway Park through the daughters. They wonder where they went conduct throughout the year. The new Bos­ courtesy of Thomas A. Yawkey and the Boston wrong, what could have caused such a pro­ ton is the continuous dialog with all ele­ Red Sox organization. nounced conflict of principles and ideas. ments of our community. especially with Outstanding leaders in our community act Using the broad, undefined term of "good minority groups, conversations with Rev. as sponsors o! these boys and four lads are will" as a shield, I will attempt to interpret Martin Luther King and with Negro lead­ chosen to give a short talk on what brother­ the message of the "younger generation." · ers of our· own community, in our com­ hood means to him. One is selected to give Our country is a unique, idealistic con­ mon effort to break down ghetto walls and his speech at our annual good will dinner. glomeration known as a democracy. It was eliminate discrimination, hate, misunder­ During these 14 years more than 2,000 founded on the principles of ~eedom: free­ standing, and racial imbalance. The new young men have been our guests and we dom of speech, and freedom of the press. Boston is every force available to our city, know of no lad who has attended these Only in America has the Constitution in­ hacking away at the jungle of unequal op­ annual dinners who has been involved in sured the right to be truly individual. Yet portunity, of inadequate training, of the any juvenile delinquency nor at any time this right has been distorted, molded like a roots of poverty. And we use the most effec­ been a discredit to themselves or to the piece of clay, into a fixed set of rules known tive tools we have, such as ABCD with all of schools they represent. Obviously, this mes­ as "society." Society has told us what to its human and material resources, experts sage that we are participating in tonight is eat, what to wear, what to do, and what to from our Greater Boston universities, the understood and appreciated by these young think. Society has no place for the indi­ imaginative programs of this committee and men and they are missionaries-I only wish vidual, sp consequently, the individual has my own committee on civic unity and on we had 2 million of them rather than 2,000. no place for society. The individual with­ minority housing. The committee recognizes and appreciates draws, gathers with others like himself, and That is why the new Boston is proud that the cooperation it has received from both forms his new society. It is to this new those honored tonight are symbols of the superintendents of the public schools and group of nonconformists that the title "the moral imperative of equal rights and equal the parochial schools in Boston and the com­ younger generation" applies. opportunities for all people and of the need munity leaders who each year act as hosts. The younger generation forms a new school to live and work together in the brotherhood We are particularly grateful to Tom of philosophy, the school of realism. Seeing of man. Yawkey, Dick O'Connell (who is with us the problems and conflicts that the idealistic Senator JACOB JAvrrs wears the Republican tonight) and the entire Red Sox organiza­ philosophy of our parents have caused, to­ label, but his program reads like a Democrat­ tion who make these facilities available. day's young people choose to look realistically ic platform. His fight for social justice, his Tonight you will hear from one of those upon. these problems. It is this new outlook support for all liberal causes, his role in the young men who spoke at our dinner at Fen­ that causes the problems between parents battle for voting rights-side by side with way on January 27. and children. our courageous Massachusetts Senator TED His name is Lester A. Williams, 86 Harold This problem is nothing new. A well­ KENNEDY-his determination that little peo­ St., Roxbury, Mass., senior at Boston Tech­ known historian once wrote: "I do not know ple shall not be bullied-whether they are nical High School. I am proud to list his what has happened to the young people of Jews in the Soviet Union or Israelis sur­ school activities: today. They have become unruly and ir­ rounded by the threatening Arab League­ Member of National Honor Society: Presi­ responsible-I fear they may cause our de­ all these make us proud that he is one of dent, Boston Tech Chapter. struction." This is quoted from "Plutarch's the great leaders of our Nation. Class rank: No. 21 in class of 463. Lives," a book written less than 100 years Boston has an especially warm spot for Special course at Trimount House, bio- after the birth of Christ. The tuture of Joe Cronin. We now share him with the Na­ chemistry. America lies in the hands of the young men tion, because his influence and good deeds Vice president. and women of today. span the entire continent. To him, fair play Science Club. Let us us.e today's methods in today's and sportsmanship on the playing fields are Science Institute for Able Learners. world to fashion tomorrqw's future. Our 14304 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 21, 1965 country is what we make it. Give us the shipped, but, carefully, how he could field, I am very happy to be found in the com­ chance to. prove what we want to, can, and hit, run, and throw. pany I have tonight and to have noted those will do. Finally, in 1946, the final barrier in base­ who have been ~onored before. My own REMARKS OF JOSEPH E. CRONIN, AWARD ball came tumbling down. If, in the second predecessor, Herbert Lehman, is one of the RECIPIENT guess of reflection, we now realize, with more honorees of the Massachusetts committee. I than a semblance of shame, that this was find Bernard Baruch and Gen: David Sarnoff, I hope that you will understand and th~t more than 80 years after Appomattox, can we Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, and even a Re­ I will be forgiven when I say that, at this not take pride in the fact that, from this publican or two--like Christian Herter, Max minute, I would much prefer to be standing beginning, sports have progressed, in a com­ Rabb, and LEv SALTONSTALL. So, I am in very up at homeplate at Fenway Park facing even paratively short span of time, so that base­ good company and I am deeply honored. the great pitching of Red Ruffing and Lefty ball, for example, has been hailed as the true In a sense, though, there ls a poetic jus­ Grove than here at this podium facing these national sport for all Americans, and here in tice in this. I think Massachusetts owes me microphones. It is a tremendous thrill for Boston, for another showpiece, a champion­ an honor. After all, you sent us a Senator; an ex-ballplayer merely to find his name ship basketball team is recognized as a cham­ you owe me a citation. listed in a triple-play combination with men pion in the ideals of brotherhood as well. of such notable distinction Senator JAVITS My friends, I have heard with the deepest as Most importantly, the modern-day pio­ interest the work which is done in the name and Governor Collins. I should like to ex­ neers have provided us with guideposts on tend my word of welcome to these distin­ of the committee. This is certainly, I am the path to eventual perfection in our rela­ sure, as distinguished a gathering as one guished visitors to the historic yet thoroughly tionships with all our fellow men. modern area of the new Boston-and to add could find in the Commonwealth-honored There have been raised, from time to time, by the mayor, the Governor, the Lieutenant my congratulations to them for this honor perhaps each time progress is proposed or they receive and so richly deserve. Gover-nor, the highest officials of State and effected, voices of alarm and dire foreboding. city, and by such distinguished men and I can assure them, from personal experi­ In fairness, these cries often come from two women as are represented here. And I feel ence, and close friendships of many years, areas and in two ways--caustically, from men this is all to the good; and I have heard with that these honors are bestowed by good of ill will-but sometimes, as a caution, even the deepest interest and the greatest appre­ men, of good will, whose efforts and accom­ from men of good will and admirable fore­ ciation the invocations of the ecumenical plishments, over a span of nearly three de­ sight. spirit, of the spirit of goodwlll, of brother­ cades, made the old Boston and continue to Now I can say tonight that baseball is much hood, in every sense--religious, from the make the new Boston a better place for all the better for each progressive move it has sports world, from the world of the pacifica. of us to live. made in keeping with the ideals espoused by tion of racial relations which Governor Col· I hesitate to call individually the honor this committee of Catholics, Protestants, lins represents and in every way that it roll of the committee, men I have so admired and Jews. could be expressed. And perhaps it ls some­ since coming to the Boston area 30 years ago, With such proven facts provided by the what fitting that when it comes my turn lest I be accused of trying to pinch-hit for pioneers of the sports world, can we not now I might tell you what I believe awards to be. Dr. Knowles. But it can be said, with equal proceed toward perfection throughout our I believe, if awards are going to be re­ parts of protocol and truth, that all who personal and work-a-day lives, keeping in wards for services rendered, then they should have joined with Ben Shapiro in carrying mind a few thoughts which the saintly all be postulants. But on the ot:q.er hand, on so completely the work begun with our Father James Keller, who follows so faith­ if awards are going to be incitements to ac­ beloved Mike Kelleher, have built here a per­ fully in the footsteps of the Sainted Christo­ tion, if they are going to inspire men and manen~ for the present, and a firm founda­ pher, proposes for our consideration in the women to do the things for which awards tion for the future, in activities in good will face of challenges certain to arise in the are given, then I think they are suitable, among all men. coming years and decades. Father · Keller and necessary, and delightful in terms of the If I may add a provincial note-I would · reminds us well, that- living world. make special mention of this committee's "This is still God's world; And so, I beg of you to associate me with junior good will dinner, because it is held "The vast majority of people, despite real every sentiment of brotherhood and good most appropriately in the setting of a base­ weaknesses, are basically good; will which has been uttered tonight. And ball park. On a winter's night in January, "Those bent on evil are relatively few, I would like to go on from there and suggest each year, through the cooperation of Tom even though aggressive; to you some of the things which you can do Yawkey, the pressroom in Fenway Park is "Problems, however discouraging, can usu­ as an individual in the name of this very warmed by the presence of hundreds of high ally be turned into opportunities; noble concept. school students breaking bread together and "And that-every individual, with God's We are engaged today in massive strug­ learning lessons in a few hours which can help, can take some steps, however few, to gles in the world of the greatest depth and last throughout their lifetimes. change the world for the better." importance, and we live in a very revolu­ Shortly, we shall be seeing living testimony In conclusion, I wonder if the goal we all tionary age when anything can happen and, of the benefits of this junior good-will pro­ should seek was not once summarized for us as some have said, generally does, and there gram, when young Lester Williams comes to on our own sports pages-in that one day are many disquieting tendencies abroad bat before th:ese microphones. we may regard all our fellow men as a sports which deserve to enlist the greatest efforts of Multiply this one evidence of accomplish­ columnist once wrote of the great Joe the individual who is interested in this ment several hundredfold over the years, by Louis-"He is a credit to his race--the cause of human brotherhood, without regard the number of youngsters partaking of good human race." to faith, race, color, or any other distinc­ food flavored with good will, and you will Ladies and gentlemen, with this hope for tion of that superficial character. know why baseball is proud to play a part in the future, humbly in the pres~nt, with My friends, for example, I have seen in the such a program. If further justification be gratitude in behalf of our great national civil rights field and in these developments required, there exists a firm and long­ game of baseball, I thank you for this which we have lately witnessed on televi­ founded relationship between the fields of citation. sion, the teachings, a manifestation of think­ baseball and the battlegrounds of brother­ REMARKS OF HON. JACOB K. JAVITS, U.S. SENATOR ing which I believe deserves correction by all hood-so much so, that perhaps it might not FROM NEW YORK men of good will. There is a disquieting be entirely beyond reality to claim that base­ Thank you very much, Attorney General tendency among those who are the most ball-and many of its fellow citizens of the Broolce, and I consider the honor doubly passionately moved by racial injustices, a sports world-have been pioneers in the area great by being presented by such hands of feeling which is beginning to put some pres­ of religious and racial relations. achievement and character and standing with sure on that movement, to identify the strug­ I say pioneers. My claim is not that any the people of this Commonwealth as your gles against racial injustice with new iso­ of us in the sports world, any more than in own. lationist opposition to U.S. foreign policy. other fields of our personal, business, and Dr. Knowles, Mayor Collins, and my re­ We have heard time and again, and I professional activities, have been perfection­ spects to Governor Volpe and Lieutenant have heard-I am sure you have, too--the ists. But even as the wheel ruts of the Governor Richardson, who h:we had to leave idea that, How is it we can send troops to covered wagons blazed the trails for our mod­ us; reverend clergy, very distinguished guests, Vietnam and the Dominican Republic; how ern-day superhighways to the West, the ef­ and my fellow honorees, Mr. Cronin and Gov­ is it that we can spend hundreds of millions, forts of the pioneers are required to pave the even billions, for foreign aid, and we can­ ernor Collins, I am deeply honored to be in not at the same time assure our Negroes in way to the perfection we all hope some day their company and considered worthy of be­ to achieve. the United States of equal justice, or give ing honored with them; and ladies and gen­ them the money with which by training No doubt, in the rusted history of sports in tlemen, I thank you deeply for your citation, this country, back to the day of Doubleday and I thank Mr. Shapiro for inviting me as he and education to catch up with the tre­ in baseball, prejudices existed, which, if they has; and I am now not nearly as put out with mendous handicap under which they have ever were chronicled, happily have long since Senators SALTONSTALL, RIBICOFF, and TED been put in a century of neglect-indeed, of been forgotten. KENNEDY, who insisted that I had to be here three centuries of neglect if you take their I know that by the time I was introduced this night, though I must leave for Europe continuous history in this country? to the thrills of professional baseball, no one this very night from here. I gather this may There seems to be an idea that the United asked how a man prayed, but only how well be inaugurating some kind of direct service States, in order to do justice domestically, he played-we did not note where he wor- from Boston abroad. must let t~e enemies of freedom triump b June 21, 19"65 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 14305· abroad-if you would take that argument at inspire me to do and as an example to others spected Republicans. But more than that, its face. . . to inspire you to do. he is a great American and contributes enor­ Now we believe no such thing, and any I compliment and congratulate you upon mous skill and dedication to duty in his confusion upon that score should be speedily your war~. I think it is magnificent. Your public service. The whole Nation looks to dispelled, especially by people who have Mr. Williams was an inspiration, as I heard him for leadership. devotion to good will and to brotherhood. him; and I am delighted to be in the com­ Mr. Joseph E. Cronin is one of the coun­ I support the essentials of our Nation's pany of such distinguished awardees as Mr. try's foremost heroes and citizens. He is in foreign policy, E>.nd I won't bemuse you Cronin and Governor Collins. And I evoke everybody's hall of fame. I would consider with the details-they are immaterial now. from you, in the spirit of your generosity it a high privilege if I had had the oppor­ I support the essentials of that foreign and the warmth of your reception, a correla­ tuni-ty to be his second-string bat boy. policy. I · believe very deeply that scores, tion with the activities for which you have Ladies and gentlemen, may I try to ex­ even hundreds of casualties suffered now in honored us. Earn this award, too, each one press in just a few additional words my great the cause of freedom, which is indivisible, of you, in some of the ways which I have de­ appreciation for the honor which has been just as the cause of justice is indivisible, scribed; and then the blessings of good will given me this evening. I shall always be and the cause of equal opportunity is indi­ and of brotherhood which have dominated grateful to you and try to show this by ever­ visible-when denied to one it is denied to this organization for so long will be trans­ increasing efforts to deserve it. all, so the cause of freedom is indivisible, lated in a joy to you which you can only I think our generation is faced with the and the cause of peace is indivisible from realize when you have achieved them. crucial test of doing what other generations freedom. I believe that scores of casualties, Thank you very much. which have gone before us have failed to do. even hundreds of casualties, suffered now REMARKS BY HON. LE ROY COLLINS, FORMER True, our forefathers had the vision of de­ are suffered by heroes and martyrs who are GOVERNOR OF FLORIDA, AND DIRECTOR, COM­ veloping here a nation "of liberty and jus­ saving us millions in the days ahead if the MUNITY RELATIONS SERVICE, U.S. DEPARTMENT tice for all"; but with the degree of dis­ world will but learn that we have a responsi­ OF COMMERCE crimination which we have experienced over bility to our brothers, and that in this kind the years, especially that practiced against of dangerous world we are our brother's Mr. Cahners, Dr. Knowles, Governor Volpe, our Negro citizens, no fairminded American keeper. Mayor Collins, Senator JAVITS, Mr. Cronin, can say that a full measure of success has And so I hope very much that in ~,our and other distinguished guests, ladies and been achieved. own personal activities, in your devotion to gentlemen, for me it is always a happy But this is a new time-a new opportu - the moral struggle for civil rights and for occasion when I visit historic Boston, but to nity-a new challenge-we now live with. equal justice and equal opportunity, to the be receiving one of your Massachusetts Ours is the time of new achievement in legal and the social effort to grant rights in Committee of Catholics, Protestants, and civil rights, and, unless I judge my fellow full to every American, particularly every Jews annual awards makes this evening a Americans wrongly, ours will be the time of Negro, at the same time you will not allow highly privileged time as well. great success. your judgment. to be clouded or the move­ First of all, may I commend this organiza­ This will take much more than flag wav­ ment to be obscured by being confused with tion for its splendid program of improving ing, oratory, and good intentions. It will . an opposition to the Nation's foreign policy human relations in this community. I have take much more than laws and ordinances as if there was something inconsistent be­ been talking here with Chairman Hodgkin­ and Executive orders. It will take work­ tween the two when the two are quite con­ son, and he has told me of the many fine very h ard work-by all of those who want sistent--indeed, one is necessary to the other efforts you have made in the past and has this to come to pass. as they possibly could be. given me a forecast of some of the exciting projects you will undertake in the future. We are all called to action. And then in another area in which I think ways, little or big, that our opportunities you can help and help greatly. We are in I extend my congratulations and warmest good wishes for your continued· success. and talents allow we must not fail for summer now, and you have all heard respond. the expression about its being a long, hot If we of the Community Relations Service can ever be· of any assistance to you, please Thank you. summer in this revolutionary time in which AWARDS we live. do not hesitate to call upon us. Well, there is a tremendous ferment in From the incubation of the Republic down The Massachusetts Committee of Catholics, the land, and though we have passed many to the present time, Boston is a community Protestants, and Jews, at its 28th annual laws, and your own Senator, TED KENNEDY, which has been characterized by the great­ dinner, presents this citation and testimonial h as waged, as someone here has said quite ness of people who have lived here. This to Senator JACOB K. JAVITS, first generation properly, a very fine battle to ban the poll gives you an extraordinarily rich heritage, American, born in New York City and deriv­ tax in company with a valiant band of other but I would caution you that change and ing his formal education from its public Senators, in which I am very proud to be progress must come everywhere in our land, schools, night classes at Columbia and law included, and which includes BoB KENNEDY, and there is no community which can ever studies at New York University Law School; too, to make some kind of decent voting consider itself safe from destructive condi­ admitted to the bar in 1927 and now the head rights bill that would at last safeguard this tions ·and influences; and the danger is all of a large law firm in New York City; active right, and though we have passed bills in the greater unless the people and their supporter in 1937 and 1940 of Mayor La­ 1957 and 1960 and 1964 and will again in leaderships are made continually aware of Guardia's programs for civic reform; combat 1965, laws set a norm of conduct, but there all eroding conditions and demonstrate officer in World War II who attained the rank is yet conduct which must be carried out in through positive efforts the will and means of lieutenant colonel; a member of the U.S. human relations. to go forward to remedy them. House of Representatives from 1946 to 1954; And so I ask you, in the spirit of the I am especially delighted to see my long­ elected attorney general of New York State award which you have so graciously given time friend, Mayor Collins, here tonight. in 1954; elected to the U.S. Senate in 1956 to me, think through yourself as to whether Not only have your mayor established a and again in 1962; author of the revealing you are doing everything in terms of your splendid record for his work here, but in book entitled "Discrimin~tion, U.S.A."; writer deep conviction upon this subject which this various conferences in which I have partic­ of numerous articles for magazines and tremendous social revolution really calls for. ipated, I have learned that his counsel and periodicals; recipient of honorary degrees How many Negroes do you know who are guidance are highly respected by people from 11 universities; nationally acclaimed for your friends? How many jobs or training interested in municipal progress throughout his legislative record in Washington, particu­ opportunities have you given to Negroes? the Nation. larly for his work with respect to civil rights, How little irritated have you been if your The distinguished Speaker of the U.S. civil liberties, and foreign economic policy­ children's school has been changed from a House of Representatives and I were visit­ Senator JAVITS' life of public service has ex­ school which had no Negro representation ing in his office the other day, and men­ emplified American citizenship at its best. for a more integrated status? How happy tion was made of th;.s meeting. He ex­ For his enlightened sense of the challenges are you if a Negro lives on your block or plained that he would not be able to come of a free society and his unceasing efforts to suburb? And if you are a businessman, here tonight personally because of the ardu­ bring the practices of our democracy closer how conscious are you of the fact that un­ ous duties of his present position. He spoke to its preachings, the Massachusetts Com­ employment among Negro girls up to 21 to me in the warmest of terms about this mittee of Catholics, Protestants, and Jews years of age is about one-third of the total great audience. "Beyond any doubt," he presents to Senator JAVITS this testimonial of number of employable, and that that com­ said, "you will be with the finest of Boston its appreciation and esteem. pares with other teenagers who are about and Massachusetts leadership there." Dated at Boston, Mass., this 20th day of 15 percent, and that is awfully high, too? I would like to express my appreciation, May 1965 . What are you doing, specially in this hot .and that of my assistant, Mr. Jay Janis, to The Massachusetts Committee of Catholics, summer, to give , jobs to all teenagers and Mr. Ben Shapiro. He is an extraordinary per­ Protestants, and Jews, at its 28th annual din­ opportunities to them with a special ,eye to son and has looked after every detail of this ner, presents this citation and testimonial the partic;ular problems of Negroe;, in this st>lendid meeting with amazing competence. to the Honorable LeRoy Collins, thoughtful, country? May I say, too, that I am highly honored constructive and courageous American who . Now, my friends, these are perhaps a little to be in the company of my fellow awardees has served with distinction in the field of provocative, perhaps even a little irritating, here this evening. · government and in the field of education. but I am not given to broad forensics, arid Senator JACOB K. JAVITS, of New York, is His good work as a legislator in his native ! ·have taken an award only for what it will one of the Nation's leading and most re- State of Florida and his wise administration 14306 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE June 21, 1965 of his office of Governor of Florida won for In recognition of his more than 30 years of 11 years; voted the American League's most him national acclaim and led to his selec­ high service to State and Nation and of his valuable player in 1930; seven times a mem­ tion as chairman of the National Governors' dedication to the peaceful achievement of ber of the American League's all star team; Conference, as chairman of the National the goals of our current civil rights move­ twice designated the American League's all Public Advisory Committee on Area Rede­ ment, the Massachusetts Committee of Cath­ star manager; vice president and general velopment, as a member of the Peace Corps' olics, Protestants, and Jews presents to Gov­ manager of the Red Sox from 1948 through National Advisory Council, and as permanent ernor Collins this citation and award. 1958; immortalized in 1956 at Cooperstown l chairman of the 1960 Democratic National Dated at Boston, Mass., this 20th day of as a member of Baseball's Hall of Fame; and Convention. May, 1965. enthroned in 1959 as president of the Amer­ In the scholastic field, he has served as a ican League. member of the Committee on Goals for The Massachusetts Committee of Catholics, Today, by virtue of his sul generls athletic Higher Education in the South, as chairman Protestants, and Jews, at its 28th annual din­ past, his personal character and enlightened of the Southern Regional Educational Board, ner, presents this citation and testimonial to civic sense, he ls nationally recognized as the as a member of the board of governors of the Joseph E. Cronin, adopted son of Boston; vice ideal chieftain of a major baseball league and National Cathedral School, and as a trustee chairman of our committee; an original spon­ as the personification of baseball at Its best. of Randolph-Macon Women's College. Sharing the general public's admiration After 3 years as the president of the Na­ sor of our an:.iual Junior goodwlll dinners; ex­ and respect for our helpJul fellow members, tional Association of Broadcasters, Governor ecutive committee chairman of Children's the Massachusetts Committee of Catholics, Collins was appointed by President Johnson Cancer Research Foundation; shining knight Protestants, and Jews presents to Joseph E. in 1964 to his present difficult post of Direc­ in baseball armor from 1924 to 1946; famed Cronin this citation and award. tor of the Federal Community Relations player-manager of the Washington Senators Dated at Boston, Mass., this 20th day of Service. for 2 years, and of the Boston Red Sox for May 1965.