Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance and Atherogenic Dyslipidemia in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Daud H
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JCTH Associate Editors Dr. Masahiro Arai Prof. Yen-Hsuan Ni OWNED BY THE SECOND AFFILIATED HOSPITAL Nerima Hikarigaoka Hospital National Taiwan University OF CHONGQING MEDICAL UNIVERSITY Tokyo, Japan Taipei, Taiwan Dr. Roopjeet Bath Prof. Junqi Niu University of Connecticut Jilin University Farmington, USA Changchun, China Dr. Timothy Billiar Dr. Kittichai Promrat Editors-in-Chief University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Alpert Medical School of Brown University Prof. Hong Ren Pittsburgh, USA Providence, USA General Editor-in-Chief Dr. John Birk Dr. Farzin Roohvand The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing University of Connecticut Pasteur Institute of Iran Medical University, China Farmington, USA Tehran, Iran Dr. Harry Hua-Xiang Xia Dr. Wendy Cao Dr. Arielle Rosenberg Editor-in-Chief New York University Langone Health University Paris Descartes Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, USA New York, USA Paris, France Prof. George Y. Wu Prof. Limin Chen Dr. Michael Schilsky Comprehensive Editor-in-Chief Peking Union Medical College Yale University University of Connecticut Heath Center, USA Chengdu, China New Haven, USA Prof. Aziz A. Chentoufi Dr. Ashwani Singal Mohammed VI University of Health University of South Dakota Managing Editors Sciences Sioux Falls, USA Casablanca, Morocco Huaidong Hu Dr. Qing-Feng Sun Chongqing, China Prof. Mohamed A Daw The Third Affiliated Hospital to Wenzhou University of Tripoli Medical College Sandeep Kumar Karn Tripoli, Libya Wenzhou, China Chongqing, China Prof. Xiaoguang Dou Dr. Tawesak Tanwandee Shengjing Hospital of China Medical Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University University Bangkok, Thailand Executive Editor Shenyang, China Dr. Fusheng Wang Hua He Prof. Marko Duvnjak 302 Miltitary Hospital of China Houston, USA Clinical Hospital Centre “Sestre milosrdnice” Beijing, China Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Lai Wei Technical Editor Dr. Yu-Chen Fan Tsinghua University Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Beijing, China Wanchen Hu Jinan, China Wuhan, China Prof. Catherine Wu Prof. Jinlin Hou University of Connecticut Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical Farmington, USA University Guangzhou, China Dr. Xuefeng Xia Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Prof. Keqin Hu Medical University University of California Guangzhou, China Orange, USA Prof. Jidong Jia Prof. Manfung Yuen Capital Medical University The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Contact information Beijing, China Hospital Hong Kong, China Telephone +86 23 63727251 Prof. Douglas LaBrecque Fax +86 23 63701383 University of Iowa Prof. Dazhi Zhang Lowa, USA The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing E-mail [email protected] Medical University Dr. Joseph Lim Chongqing, China Address 74 Linjiang Road, Yale University Yuzhong District, New Haven, USA Prof. Lanjing Zhang Chongqing, P. R. China, Prof. Chao-Hong Liu University Medical Center of Princeton Plainsboro, USA 400010 Huazhong University of Science and Technology Dr. Minghua Zheng Wuhan, China The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Prof. Lungen Lu Medical University Wenzhou, China Publisher Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Xia & He Publishing Inc. Medicine Shanghai, China 14090 Southwest Freeway, Suite 300, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, USA JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY Beginning with 2018, JCTH has been indexed and abstracted in Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI). CONTENTS 2019 7(4):285–393 Editorial Can Weather Influence the Prevalence of Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure? Matthew McMillin . 285 Original Articles Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Thermal Ablation: Long-term Results of An Italian Retrospective Multicenter Study Antonio Giorgio, Pietro Gatti, Luca Montesarchio, Bruno Santoro, Andrea Dell’Olio, Nicola Crucinio, Carmine Coppola, Ferdinando Scarano, Fabio De Biase, Emanuela Ciracì, Stefano Semeraro and Valentina Giorgio . 287 Alanine Aminotransferase as the First Test Parameter for Wilson’s Disease Hisao Hayashi, Kazumasa Watanabe, Ayano Inui, Ayako Kato, Yasuaki Tatsumi, Akihiko Okumura, Tomoo Fujisawa and Koichi Kato . 293 Association of GCKR Gene Polymorphisms with the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Coronary Artery Disease in a Chinese Northern Han Population Hui Gao, Shousheng Liu, Zhenzhen Zhao, Xinjuan Yu, Qun Liu, Yongning Xin and Shiying Xuan . 297 Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Indians: Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score and Inhibitory Control Test for Diagnosis and Rifaximin or Lactulose for Its Reversal Vinay B. Pawar, Ravindra G. Surude, Nikhil Sonthalia, Vinay Zanwar, Samit Jain, Qais Contractor and Pravin M. Rathi . 304 Liver Stiffness Measurement Can Reflect the Active Liver Necroinflammation in Population with Chronic Liver Disease: A Real-world Evidence Study LeijieWang, Mingyu Zhu, Lihua Cao, Mingjie Yao, Yiwei Lu, XiajieWen, Ying Zhang, Jing Ning, Huiling Long, Yueyong Zhu, Guoxin Hu, Shuangsuo Dang, Qingchun Fu, Liang Chen, Xinxin Zhang, Jingmin Zhao, Zhiliang Gao, Yuemin Nan and Fengmin Lu . 313 Baseline Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of the Patients Recruited to the China Registry of Hepatitis B Shan Shan, Hong You, Junqi Niu, Jia Shang, Wen Xie, Yuexin Zhang, Xun Li, Hong Ren, Hong Tang, Huiguo Ding, Xihong Wang, Yuemin Nan, Xiaoguang Dou, Tao Han, Lingyi Zhang, Xiaoqing Liu, Cunliang Deng, Jilin Cheng, XiaozhongWang, Qing Xie, Shumei Lin, Yan Huang, Youqing Xu, Yong Xiong, Wu Li, Xuebing Yan, Hongxin Piao, Wenxiang Huang, Qinghua Lu, Weijin Gong, Shiping Li, Xiaoxuan Hu, Xiaolan Zhang, Shourong Liu, Yufang Li, Dongliang Yang, Hai Li, Caixia Yang, Mingliang Cheng, Liaoyun Zhang, Huanwei Zheng, Xinhua Luo, Feng Lin, Lei Wang, Guanghua Xu, Xiaoyuan Xu, Lai Wei, Jinlin Hou, Zhongping Duan, Hui Zhuang, Xizhong Yang, Yuanyuan Kong and Jidong Jia for the CR-HepB study group, Beijing, China. 322 Outcomes and Toxicology of Herbal Drugs in Alcoholic Hepatitis – A Single Center Experience from India Cyriac Abby Philips, Sasidharan Rajesh, Tom George, Rizwan Ahamed, Sandeep Kumbar and Philip Augustine . 329 The Association between Meteorological Factors and the Prevalence of Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure: A Population-based Study, 2007–2016 Su Lin, Lifen Han, Dongliang Li, Ting Wang, Zimu Wu, Haoyang Zhang, Zhansong Xiao, Yinlian Wu, JiaofengHuang,MingfangWangandYueyongZhu............................................. 341 Review Articles Highlights for Dental Care as a Hepatitis C Risk Factor: A Review of Literature Leon D. Averbukh and George Y. Wu . 346 The Direct Contribution of Astrocytes and Microglia to the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Encephalopathy Victoria Jaeger, Sharon DeMorrow and Matthew McMillin. 352 Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance and Atherogenic Dyslipidemia in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Daud H. Akhtar, Umair Iqbal, Luis Miguel Vazquez-Montesino, Brittany B. Dennis and Aijaz Ahmed . 362 Role of Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Therapy in Cirrhosis, ‘Inside Any Deep Asking Is the Answering’ Cyriac Abby Philips, Philip Augustine, Rizwan Ahamed, Sasidharan Rajesh, Tom George, Gopakumar C. Valiathan and Solomon K. John . 371 Intensive Care Management of Acute Liver Failure: Considerations While Awaiting Liver Transplantation Anil Seetharam. 384 Reviewer Acknowledgement 2019 Reviewer Acknowledgement .................................................... 392 Editorial Can Weather Influence the Prevalence of Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure? Matthew McMillin*1,2 1Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, USA; 2Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA Citation of this article: McMillin M. Can weather influence the that meteorological factors could have an influence on ACLF. prevalence of acute-on-chronic liver failure? J Clin Transl In regard to this, it is important to understand whether the Hepatol 2019;7(4):285-286. doi: 10.14218/JCTH.2019.00058. direct effects of meteorological changes are inducing ACLF pathology or if these changes are influencing a secondary Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) results from an acute factor that increases ACLF prevalence. insult that occurs in patients with chronic liver disease, In regard to the direct influences of meteorological ultimately leading to liver failure. The underlying chronic changes on ACLF, hyperthermia has been associated with liver dysfunction can be characterized into three categories: hepatocyte dysfunction and can lead to a disruption in chronic liver disease with no cirrhosis; compensated liver mitochondria function and reduced oxidative phosphoryla- 6 cirrhosis; decompensated cirrhosis. The underlying chronic tion. In addition, during both non-exertional and exertional liver diseases are numerous and include alcoholic liver hyperthermia, acute liver failure has been observed, though disease, viral hepatitis (types B and C), nonalcoholic fatty this occurrence is relatively rare.7 In regards to lower tem- liver disease, and other underlying etiologies.1 Acute liver peratures, therapeutic hypothermia has been used as a injury can arise from viral hepatitis infections (types A, B, strategy primarily to reduce intracranial hypertension in and E), acetaminophen toxicity, drug-induced liver injury, patients with acute liver failure. However, a recent multicen- toxin exposure, and numerous other hepatic and extrahepatic ter clinical study investigating the use of therapeutic hypo- causes including heat stroke.2 Due to the numerous aspects thermia observed no benefit in reducing brain swelling or of pathology that can generate both the chronic and acute increasing