C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD

1 The world stands on the brink of However, we need to go further. historic change. The escalation of the climate crisis has brought us to a state More than 100 cities have already of emergency that demands a bold committed to develop Climate Action response as highlighted in the recent Plans consistent with the 1.5°C global Intergovernmental Panel on Climate warming target of the Agreement. Change (IPCC) special report on Global More than 30 cities have already Warming. committed to the C40 Green and Poor air quality in urban areas has become Healthy Streets Declaration, pledging one of the major causes of illness and to take transport actions by 2030 to premature death worldwide. achieve that ambition

These issues disproportionately affect the The benefits of bold climate action most vulnerable,the poorest, the elderly, in cities have an immediate, tangible women and children. impact on people’s lives, from green jobs and growth, to active, healthier lives and Transport is the fastest growing source of cleaner air and water. Climate action will greenhouse gas emissions accounting for create the future we want. Together, we one-third of emissions in cities and up to have the power to safeguard the future 25% of harmful particulate matter in the air. of our planet. C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD Rethinking how we move around our As mayors with a unifying mission to shared landscapes is central to the effort to create positive change, we hope what combat emissions. From offering free public you discover here will further inspire you transport during rush hour and tax discounts to make your mark. to electric cars, to building green corridors through public cycling systems, introducing bus rapid transit systems, and expanding pedestrian only zones, decisive action is already making a difference.

2 INTRODUCTION OSLO P.23 LONDON VANCOUVER P.15 P.11 P.27 PARIS SEATTLE P.3 P.7 MILAN SEOUL P.25 P.21 P.26 LOS ANGELES BARCELONA P.17 P.9 JAKARTA

MEDELLÍN P.13 P.19 C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD SANTIAGO CONTENTS P.24 AUCKLAND P.8

INTRODUCTION LETTERS P.4 DECLARATION P.5 WHAT NEXT P.28 OUR PARTNERS P.29 3 Unparalleled‘ challenges Cities‘ don’t need a like climate change and reminder of what a air pollution require warming planet looks unprecedented action. like - we see it every day.

The new policies implemented are based on the We see it in our neighbourhoods, on our streets, on our emergency of the existing health and climate crises. hillsides, and in our own backyards.

As C40 mayors, we’ve started an urban revolution. This For our communities and families, inaction is not a citizen-led movement looks at our city in a different viable option. We must embrace bold actions and way and moves towards a clean mobility system. This answers to this dire threat to our very survival. movement is happening in cities around the world, from Paris to Medellín, and Seoul to Los Angeles. Transportation is one of our planet’s leading contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and air Unlike federal governments or private companies, city pollution. In my hometown of Los Angeles -- a city that leaders have the power over urban spaces and can has long been defined by a deep-seated car culture drive large-scale changes resulting in a clean transport -- we are now driving the transition to a zero-emission revolution with fewer cars, and more municipal e-vehicle transportation future. fleets and bicycle lanes. The C40 Green and Healthy Streets Declaration is The climate emergency is at the core of all these an example of how C40 Mayors are steering and initiatives, and sharing ideas between cities. C40’s accelerating a transportation renaissance in cities Deadline 2020 research has revealed precisely what cities worldwide. C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD need to do to deliver on the Paris Agreement. The short answer is that action needs to begin now, at full speed In this guidebook, you will find ways to bring the and large scale to tackle climate change. tangible impacts of that Declaration home. You’ll see a wide range of sustainable transportation options to The Green and Healthy (Fossil Fuel Free) Streets communities on the front lines of the climate crisis so Declaration commits cities to the bold ambitious actions that they get to reap the benefits of a more sustainable needed on transport. Eric Garcetti, future first. To achieve that level of ambition cities need to share their Mayor of Paris Mayor of Los As mayors, we can’t afford to wait for others to act. It’s knowledge on best policies, projects and approaches, so squarely in our interests and consistent with our values other cities to benefit from it and act without delay. and Chair of Angeles and to build clean streets, create green jobs, and forge a C40 Cities incoming Chair more equitable, sustainable future for all. Together, I believe we can and will achieve our goals.’ (2016-2019) of C40 Cities

4 C40 GREEN AND HEALTHY (FOSSIL FUEL FREE) STREETS DECLARATION We pledge to transition to Fossil-Fuel-Free Streets by: ——Procuring, with our partners, only zero-emission buses from 2025; and ——Ensuring a major area of our city is zero emission by 2030. To meet this commitment, we will: ——Transform our cities through people-friendly planning policies. ——Increase the rates of walking, cycling and the use of public and shared transport that is accessible to all citizens. ——Reduce the number of polluting vehicles on our streets and transition away from vehicles powered by fossil fuels. ——Lead by example by procuring zero emission vehicles for C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD our city fleets as quickly as possible. ——Collaborate with suppliers, fleet operators and businesses to accelerate the shift to zero emissions vehicles and reduce vehicle miles in our cities. ——Publicly report every two years on the progress the cities are making towards these goals. DECLARATION

5 C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD

6 We have the power… AMSTERDAM SAYS: I believe that this is the worthwhile DID YOU KNOW… course of action to take as the plan ‘Currently, air pollution on average Amsterdam has one the world’s will on average increase the lifespan cuts more than one year off the life densest networks of electric vehicle of residents by approximately three of residents and I am determined to charging points, with 2,500 points months and set Amsterdam on a path change that. per million people, servicing five to meeting its obligations under the TO CLEAN public electric vehicles on average Paris Agreement. As transport is an area where the with each charge point. city can control emissions sources, My advice to other cities is to set it makes sense to focus on this. your goals high, but remember to be MAKING A DIFFERENCE Amsterdam is undergoing a vast in constant dialogue with the city. Amsterdam’s Clean Air Action growth in population and visitors Make sure your goals are accessible, Plan has the potential to increase THE AIR between now and 2025, which affordable and supported by your average life expectancy by three presents challenges. However, Affordability and availability are the cornerstones of citizens.’ months by 2030. Amsterdam has always been a Amsterdam’s people-friendly approach to ensuring the city which embraces change: social change, cultural change and city reaches its goal of being emission free by 2030. technological change. It will need a combination of all three to make the The city is building on its existing With one of the densest charging city’s vision for emission free mobility Low Emission Zone policy by rolling networks in the world, Amsterdam a reality. We will need a cultural and OF out an ambitious air quality plan in has the capacity to offer owners social shift so that citizens are aware of the impact of their transport 70% phases, with an initial ban on older of electric vehicles easy access to TRIPS BY RESIDENTS ARE diesel vehicles due to start in 2020. greener resources, with the knock- choices. A ban on non-electric buses, goods on effect of encouraging greater MADE In addition to providing the right BY FOOT, BIKE OR vehicles and taxis within the inner adoption of clean transportation. conditions for our citizens to part of the city will follow in 2025. PUBLIC TRANSPORT The city is also improving its freight switch to electric vehicles through Over the next few years, system by introducing logistics hub infrastructure, incentives and electric vehicles will become systems to enable trucks to transfer subsidies, Amsterdam is continuing cost competitive with gasoline freight to zero emission vehicles for to build on our status as a cycling equivalents. Coupled with the the last mile of the journey. city by planning an expansion and C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD emerging second-hand market in improvement of the cycle routes. electric cars, greener alternatives will We also keep improving our public become an accessible option transportation network. The opening for more people. of the North/South Metro line last year is a good example for this.

I am under no illusion that the adoption and implementation ‘We will need of the plan will be an easy task. FEMKE HALSEMA, Collaboration and consultation to MAYOR OF AMSTERDAM ensure that citizens and businesses a cultural and are on board with transforming the city is important. We need to ensure that the right package of incentives social shift’ and regulations are adopted to make the vision a reality. 7 We have the power… AUCKLAND

This year, Aucklanders took 100 million journeys on buses, trains and ferries— PUBLIC TRANSPORT our biggest year for public transport since 1951, when we still had trams. USE IS GROWING TO CREATE As well as its emissions reduction benefits, increasing public transport FOUR TIMES use helps reduce traffic congestion on our roads, making it easier and faster FASTER to get around for people who do CHOICE choose to drive. THAN THE RATE OF Auckland is working hard to create There’s much more we need to do, POPULATION GROWTH and those changes are coming. The a fast, clean, world-class transport $28 billion of investment through the IN AUCKLAND. system that offers transport choice 2018 Auckland Transport Alignment Project will further develop our to reduce car dependency and cut transport network, delivering more stations and busways, rapid transit carbon emissions. from the city centre to the airport and its employment precinct and increased The city’s transport agency, Auckland PHIL GOFF SAYS: ferry services. The City Rail Link is well Transport, has already made underway and when completed will significant progress, rolling out a new ‘A key part of Auckland Council’s double the rail network’s capacity and effort to mitigate climate change reduce travel times into and through PHIL GOFF, bus network across the city along with is reducing carbon emissions, of our city. MAYOR OF AUCKLAND improved timetabling and streamlined routes. which transport emissions make up 47% in Auckland. We are investing We’re working with the government In February 2019, this new bus at record levels in public transport, to bring forward the conversion of network increased the number of active transport and cleaner vehicles, our bus fleet to electric and hydrogen,

‘Clean Aucklanders living within 500 metres so more people have sustainable and to increase the number of electric C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD of a rapid or frequent service by 163%, transport options that don’t require vehicles on our roads, and from 2020 transport and an 11% increase in trips has already them to drive private vehicles. the council will only purchase electric been recorded. or hybrid passenger vehicles. We now have more busways and is making The introduction of electric trains, double-decker buses, electric trains Clean transport is key to tackling our DID YOU KNOW… double-decker buses, more ferries, and upgraded bus and train stations. climate change and environmental From 2015-2018 Auckland revamped its entire bus new stations and integrated ticketing Service hours have been extended challenges, as well as making our city network, redesigning the system to provide a more our city – all focused on taking people and the HOP card and integrated fares a better place to live. We’ve taken streamlined service with higher frequencies. where they want to go – has further have reduced costs and made public Auckland from a city totally tied to the accelerated the popularity of public car to one that is embracing the use transport easier and more efficient to WHAT NEXT? a better transport in the city. use. of public transport as well as walking and bike riding. I look forward to Auckland Transport launched a Low Emission Bus More people are using public transport continuing this work in the future.’ Roadmap and is trialling electric buses with a view to place to because it is a reliable and efficient procuring only zero-emission buses from 2025, and live.’ way to get around Auckland. achieving a full zero-emission bus fleet by 2040. 8 We have the power… BARCELONA ‘Reclaiming space for people is vital TO REIMAGINEThey are an answer for the city’s lack of green spaces, high levels of pollution, in the fight against noise pollution, accident rates and physical inactivity. climate change.’ The cultural and structural shift away PUBLIC from a city dominated by motor green streets, this progressive system of compact and connected vehicles is not an easy journey. A neighbourhoods not only builds social participatory process that involves cohesion and improves the city’s health listening to all citizens has been crucial by placing people front and centre, it in guaranteeing the success of the SPACES reduces car traffic and pollution, while superblocks. A participatory approach to structural encouraging greater use of public Furthermore, in order to improve the transit and cycling. quality of life of all citizens, we need change has enabled Barcelona to to implement other complementary interventions in addition to the deliver a solution that has been ADA COLAU SAYS: superblocks. This is why we have made embraced by its people. ‘The fight against climate change and sure that public social housing has pollution cannot be delayed. The climate increased alongside them. emergency is already a reality and we I truly believe that public space brings Improving the health and wellbeing must all face it with courageous and people together. This is essential for of its citizens, while simultaneously ambitious proposals that prioritize the health of a city. A recent study reducing the environmental impact of people and health. ADA COLAU, car pollution, have been the driving carried out by the Barcelona Institute MAYOR OF BARCELONA forces of Barcelona’s innovative When I was elected in 2015, for Global Health (ISGlobal) calculates C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD urban and transport programme of implementing a new urban model that that the city could prevent 667 DID YOU KNOW? 200 Superblocks. gave precedence to health was the premature deaths every year if we DAYS OF centrepiece of my sustainable mobility create all 503 superblocks envisaged in When the programme is complete, the superblocks Designed to promote active lifestyles plan in Barcelona. Within the city cars our initial plan. will convert 70% of the city’s streets to pedestrian and EXTRA and sustainable mobility, the are used for only around a quarter of cyclist priority, restricting vehicle traffic to access only We plan to implement the superblock Superblocks enable the city to reclaim journeys but they take up 60% of public with a 10 kph (6mph) speed limit. approach for the whole city over the ADULT LIFE vast tracts of public space for leisure, space and are responsible for around coming years. Reclaiming space for MAKING A DIFFERENCE culture and community activities. 80% of urban pollution. EXPECTANCY people and raising awareness of the An estimated 667 premature deaths could be prevented Three Superblock areas have already The “radical” idea of the superblock importance of sustainable living is vital annually through the whole Superblock system, FROM SUPER proved a success, with six more under is a means to put people first, rather in the fight against climate change. which has the potential to increase average adult life construction, and long term plans for than vehicles, in the public space. My advice to other mayors would expectancy by 200 days, saving the city €1.7bn a year. BLOCKS the blocks to be expanded to serve all Superblocks unite urban planning be to listen and engage with citizens of the city’s 1.6 million residents. with mobility and limit the presence of and communities. Do not be afraid of WHAT NEXT? private vehicles in order to give back trying new things in the city. It is time By restricting traffic to basic public space to the citizens. to apply a paradigm shift in our cities Barcelona has a long term strategy to expand the streets, and avoiding traffic in the towards a people-centered approach.’ Superblocks across the whole of the city. 9 C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD

10 But more can be done, especially when it comes We have the power… to the transport sector which requires a rapid COPENHAGEN shift from both diesel and petrol vehicles, to low and zero emission vehicles. That is why we have set the target that all the city’s buses should be zero emission by 2025 and introduced green transportation demands for the municipality’s procurement.

TO CREATE And we are also considering other new initiatives FRANK JENSEN SAYS: to deter vehicle pollution. I would like us to have ‘In Copenhagen we insist on green stricter environmental requirements for cars, solutions because they pay off. so we eventually completely phase out diesel Copenhagen’s green transformation in Copenhagen, or at least the oldest and most A CYCLING goes hand in hand with job creation, polluting diesel cars, but this requires a change in economic growth and a better quality national regulation. of life. Battling air pollution is a great example. Since the rise of modern One of my highest priorities is that Copenhagen urban cities it has been a common continues to be a liveable city even when more truth that city air is polluted air. In and more people are moving to the city. And I CULTURE think that our cycling culture is a key element FRANK JENSEN, Copenhagen we want that to change. LORD MAYOR OF in ensuring a liveable city in the years to come. COPENHAGEN Known as one of the greenest cities in The green transition has required In Copenhagen there are 382 km of segregated the world, Copenhagen is raising the political decisions and investments and bicycle tracks. 63 km of Green Cycle Routes continues to do so. We are committed and 13 car-free cycling bridges have been bar by aspiring to be the world’s first to becoming carbon-neutral with constructed in the past six years, providing carbon neutral capital by 2025. a green transition of our energy cyclists with a convenient way to navigate across % production, energy consumption and the rivers, canals and busy roads in the city. 49 transport, and I think we are well on OF ALL WHO The city has taken several steps towards stricter environmental requirements for our way. 49% of all who work and study in Copenhagen reducing CO emissions but galvanising cars, so the old, polluting diesel cars can go by bike. I am very proud of this fact, but we 2 WORK AND STUDY political will and investing in transport be phased out. want to do more. We are therefore continuing are enabling Copenhagen to go further to expand and improve the cycle network in still, with plans to expand its world- Optimising public transport plays an Copenhagen and beyond. To ensure attractive GO BY BIKE C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD renowned cycling network and electrify equally vital role, and in September cycling conditions on longer commuter trips the city’s buses and ferries. 2019, the new Metro City Circle Line was across the municipal border, we collaborate with MAKING A DIFFERENCE opened with 17 new stations, marking 26 neighbouring municipalities to construct In total the citizens of Copenhagen the largest infrastructure project the a total of 45 cycle superhighways, covering A 10% increase in cycling would already cycle on average 1.44 million city has ever seen, offering passengers 750 km in the Greater Copenhagen region. In lead to 109,000 fewer annual sick km per day, thanks to an extensive a faster, more efficient service, and combination with restrictions for cars, we have days and 6% less congestion, network of cycling lanes and prioritising encouraging more to switch to public achieved a safer and cleaner city in Copenhagen. generating annual benefits of of cycling safety in transportation transit. DKK 651 million. infrastructure that makes cycling the I think it is important that we use Copenhagen’s preferred mode of travel. position as a green leader to inspire others. WHAT NEXT? Copenhagen’s replacement of the city buses Phasing out diesel buses will build on ‘We insist on green Copenhagen will further expand to zero emission buses and our cycling culture bicycle infrastructure with new efforts to achieve the zero emission could be copied in other cities. By sharing our and wider bicycle tracks, regional target, with plans to replace all buses solutions because green solutions, we can go from great solutions cycle superhighways, green cycle and ferries with electric alternatives locally to brilliant advances globally.’ by 2025. The city is also working for routes and more bicycle parking. changes in national regulation to set they pay off.’ 11 95%OF JAKARTA’S RESIDENTS C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD WILL BE WITHIN 500M OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT BY 2022

12 We have the power… JAKARTA

ANIES BASWEDAN SAYS: Through careful negotiation with the multiple operators of minivans THE ‘Jakarta faces significant air quality and buses, we were able to move problems with vehicular pollution one away from this system to one where INTEGRATED of the leading causes of this. In Jakarta operators are paid to operate services TO FIX today 75% of people use personal rather than to chase passengers. SYSTEM transportation and just 25% use The Jak Lingko card, valid across public transport. We want to reverse all of TransJakarta services allows TRANSJAKARTA these percentages and help solve people to use minibus and private bus Jakarta’s air pollution problems. A companies and transfer seamlessly HAS REDUCED TRANSPORT reliable, integrated and well connected onto BRT and MRT services. We are public transport network is crucial to proud that this has reduced the cost THE COST OF achieving this. to passengers from 30% of income TRANSPORT to 10% of income, that Transjakarta One of the biggest challenges ridership has doubled in the past two we have faced as a city has been years and that Jakarta saw the biggest FROM 30% OF bringing together all the informal SYSTEMS decline in congestion across 400 transit operators to create an Creating a transport system that world cities. A PASSENGER’S integrated system that works for the works in the interests of public and city. Historically the system worked Our vision is to transform Jakarta INCOME TO private stakeholders has led to a with private operators of buses and away from a traffic dominated, minivans receiving fares directly from congested and polluted city to a JUST 10% more efficient network used by passengers. This led to an inefficient world leader in public and sustainable system of multiple vehicles competing transport, where residents and visitors more passengers. along similar routes for the same feel that using public transport is safe, passengers and conflict between the sustainable and comfortable. Our publicly run BRT network and the advice to other city leaders is to set a Since its introduction in 2004, Now, as the city prepares to private informal transport systems. clear and ambitious vision and to work Jakarta’s first ever Bus Rapid Transit welcome its first Metropolitan Rapid With the plans for expansion of the with people and organisations in the (BRT) system, TransJakarta, has Transit system, Jakarta is further BRT network and the construction city to find common interests to make grown in popularity, and is used by an C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD improving the BRT to integrate of the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) and increasing number of passengers who it a reality.’ operations and ensure the systems Light Rail Transit (LRT) network this have seen the value and the benefits complement each other. was clearly not a sustainable system. of public transport over private DID YOU KNOW… vehicles. Its aim is for 95% of citizens to ANIES BASWEDAN, Transjakarta has become the longest live within 500 metres of public GOVERNOR OF JAKARTA To resolve competition between transport by 2022. BRT in the world and now boasts a existing private minibus operators, daily ridership of 800,000 people. the city ensured that private bus WHAT NEXT? drivers and operators are paid per ‘We see Jakarta mile by TransJakarta to operate the Jakarta is creating 2,600 km of service. Passengers are given a fair pavement for pedestrians; expanding deal through a contactless payment becoming a world leader its metro system with the extension system allowing unlimited travel of the existing line due to open in across minivans, buses, BRT and light 2024 and a new East-West line under rail for three hours, for a flat fare. in sustainable transport.’ construction. It also plans to electrify 50% of the bus fleet by 2025. 13 C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD

14 We have the power… LONDON

‘This is an issue of SADIQ KHAN, TO CLEAN UP social justice’ MAYOR OF LONDON Building on the success of the The situation is so bad that children 193 years without our policies. The Congestion Charge and the citywide are growing up with stunted lungs – a ULEZ will also contribute to tackling Low Emission Zone, London was the depressing reality mirrored in many the climate emergency. first city in the world to introduce cities around the world. FLEETS an Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ). The introduction of the ULEZ has London is on a mission to create a Operating in the centre of the city 24 This is also an issue of social justice been successful, but it’s not always hours, seven days a week, the ULEZ – with the poorest people often been easy. There have been major zero carbon city by 2050 by taking requires all vehicles to meet strict suffering the worst impacts of air challenges to overcome. One pioneering steps towards reducing air emissions standards when driving in pollution, despite driving the fewest thing that was critical was ensuring central London or to pay an additional cars. that we built public support and pollution. daily charge in order to do so. understanding of the scheme. We know that traffic emissions are Throughout the process we held Taxis and buses must follow additional the biggest source of air pollution major consultations, listened to public hybrid or electric rules, and to help in many cities. As Mayor of London, feedback and repeatedly explained those under financial pressure, the city I’m not willing to turn a blind eye who would be affected and why the has introduced a scrappage scheme to children breathing toxic air and ULEZ was so important - including that allows businesses, charities and we all know the urgency of tackling through major marketing and social low income residents to do their bit. the climate emergency. That’s why media campaigns. 63% my administration is pushing ahead DID YOU KNOW? In 2020 London is expanding the ULEZ with some of the boldest and most Another challenge was ensuring that FEWER With licencing rules, rapid charge standards city wide for trucks, buses ambitious plans to tackle air pollution Londoners who needed it had support points and funding support for the and coaches and has bold plans for an and climate change of any major city to buy cleaner cars. We did this by OLDER, MORE industry, London already has over 18-fold increase in the size of the ULEZ in the world. introducing a scrappage scheme to 2,300 zero emission capable black POLLUTING for cars, vans and motorcycles from enable microbusinesses and charities cabs operating on the streets. C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD 2021. We are cleaning up our bus and taxi to scrap polluting vans and minibuses fleets and taking targeted action VEHICLES and switch to cleaner vehicles. And we MAKING A DIFFERENCE around nurseries, schools and SADIQ KHAN SAYS: have also set up a £25 million fund to PER DAY hospitals. And we have introduced the help lower-income households. The first month of ULEZ saw a 20% ‘Air pollution is a silent killer around ULEZ – a world first – which sets the reduction in harmful nitrogen dioxide SINCE THE the world – from London and Los toughest emission standards of any At a time when there is rightly concentrations by the roadside. Angeles, to Paris, Beijing and Delhi. The global city. mounting public pressure on ULEZ WAS World Health Organization has rightly politicians to do more to tackle WHAT NEXT? described it as a ‘global public health The ULEZ is enforced 24 hours a environmental challenges, it’s London aims for 80% of trips to be emergency’. This is not merely rhetoric, day, seven days a week, incentivising important that cities continue to ANNOUNCED made by public transport, walking but an inescapable reality that demands Londoners to get out of their cars and learn from each other. I welcome the and cycling by 2041. urgent action. onto public transport, walk or cycle, or opportunity to share the blueprint drive cleaner vehicles. As a result of we have set out in London with other Over 2 million Londoners live in areas my ambitious plans, it has now been leaders and policymakers around the that exceed legal limits for nitrogen estimated that London will come into world.’ dioxide, of which over 400,000 are compliance with legal air pollution children under the age of 18. limits within six years, compared to 15 C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD

16 We have the power… LOS ANGELES The Transit Oriented Communities DID YOU KNOW… programme, created by the In 2017 LA launched an electric car- Department of City Planning was also sharing service with discounts for approved by ballot, with a 65% vote lower-income families who can’t afford in favour of incentivising developers eco-friendly cars. TO INSPIRE A to build affordable and low-income housing near major transit hubs, MAKING A DIFFERENCE proving how people-friendly policies can influence prosperity and equality. Since 2017, more than 16,000 units, including more than 3,000 affordable SAYS: ERIC GARCETTI units, have been proposed. In 2018, 30% of all housing units proposed TRANSPORT ‘Angelenos want a city with in the city were filed under this affordable housing and improved programme, and nearly half of all transportation so every family can affordable housing units. make their rent payments, every resident can get to work and school WHAT NEXT? RENAISSANCE with ease, and every individual can When Angelenos called for more Los Angeles has affirmed its access opportunity and prosperity no Working with partners at LA Metro, commitment to create an inclusive, matter where they live. the City aims to electrify 100% of its affordable housing, a robust public transit-oriented vision for the City, buses by 2030. Realising that vision in L.A., or any boosted by a multi-billion dollar transit system and greater support for city around the world, will require us investment plan. THIS TARGET the homeless, the city responded. to work together in the spirit of trust, The LA County Traffic Improvement transparency, and fairness - with an WILL SUPPORT Plan, otherwise known as Measure unyielding commitment to innovation M, is a key part of that plan. It and environmental justice.’ was made possible by a historic 10,000 coalition of political, business, labour, transportation, environmental and NEW JOBS social justice leaders – whose transit

‘Angelenos C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD and funding plans were approved by a want a city public vote. By generating local funding, Measure M has allowed LA to take control of with affordable its transportation future with a half- cent sales tax that equates to $24 per resident per year, yet will raise $120 ERIC GARCETTI, housing and billion in the first 40 years to fund 15 MAYOR OF LOS ANGELES new and expanded rapid transport improved lines across the region. Funding will also be directed to cycle and pedestrian improvements, transit fare transportation’ subsidies and transit operations.

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18 We have the power… MEDELLÍN TO MAKE PEOPLE PROUD Sustainable transport systems are vital By creating an integrated transit network and co-opting to a thriving city. It is often the poorest citizens into helping with its management, Medellín has in society who end up having to spend the most time and money in travelling created a public transport system that changes the way for school, work and shopping. This is people think about their city. why the extension of the Metrocable system and the creation of an integrated transit network in the city The city boasts two Metro lines, has been so important. Reducing five cable car lines (known as the this inequality is key to building trust Metrocable), a Bus Rapid Transit line ‘Put people and in citizens and transport can be a and its first tramline, opened in 2016. powerful tool in achieving this. The There is no magic formula to DID YOU KNOW… Metro Culture is a product of this trust Medellín’s success, but the advice I Not only has this interconnected communities The Metrocable is the world’s first and respect, citizens are proud of the would give to other mayors looking system helped to transform Medellín cable car system to have been public transport system they have in to develop sustainable mobility is to into a modern city with a strong focus designed as a mass transit solution for the city and so work together to keep put people and communities first in on sustainable mobility, it has provided first in planning the urban poor. it a pleasant experience. planning transport. This is something vital connections for people from low I have tried to do in my tenure as income informal settlements in the Whilst we have achieved a lot, we MAKING A DIFFERENCE C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD mayor, reaching out to people and mountainous outskirts. transport’ cannot stand still. As Medellín is in involving communities in the design In 2019, Medellín won the Ashden a valley air pollution can be a big The Metro Culture – a social, of urban space and the extension of Award for the 30 Green Corridor FEDERICO GUTIÉRREZ, problem for the city and there is a educational and cultural management the public transit system. Trust and project, which introduced new MAYOR OF MEDELLÍN need to reduce carbon emissions to program that accompanied the partnership are key to developing a green space and 125 km of cycle FEDERICO GUTIÉRREZ SAYS: help fight against the climate crisis. construction – has enabled the people sustainable system that works for all.’ infrastructure along transport This is why we have started the of Medellín to play a pivotal role in the corridors, helping to reduce urban ‘In the early 90s Medellín was known process of investing in electric buses project’s success, ensuring it is well temperatures by more than 2°C. as one of the most violent cities and taxis and redesign the city centre maintained and widely used. on earth. We have progressed a to make it more people friendly. Our WHAT NEXT? very long way and transformed ambition is for the whole of the city’s the city since those dark days, but transport to be electric and that the Medellín is on course to have the there is still a lot of work to do. I city can be an example to other cities second largest electric bus fleet in want Medellín to be the leading city in Latin America and around the Latin America after the first delivery in Latin America for sustainable world. of 65 new electric buses arrived on mobility, a title that all citizens of the streets this year. Over 200 electric Medellín could be proud of. taxis will join the city fleet from 2020. 19 tbc C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD

20 We have the power… MILAN

GIUSEPPE SALA SAYS: MAKING A DIFFERENCE

‘Transport is one of the cornerstones Replacing diesel buses with 1,200 on which we build the future of our electric vehicles by 2030 will reduce city. A high quality public transport diesel consumption by 30 million system is one of the most powerful litres per year and decrease CO TO EXCEED 2 means to improve the climate and the emissions by 75,000 tons per year. air we breathe in our city. The more we use all means of public transport, the WHAT NEXT? less we will pollute and the fewer cars Each year Milan will tighten vehicle will come into the city every day. This emissions standards in Area B. By EXPECTATIONS is a very important result that places 2030, all diesel vehicles will be our city among the most advanced in banned from the city. As of 2020, Milan’s transit agency will only buy electric buses, putting the international arena. the city 5 years ahead of its own pledge to transform its fleet. We’re working on different fronts to improve Milan’s air quality. Our goal Since 2012, Milan has operated a is to free the city of diesel vehicles congestion pricing zone, ‘Area C’ in by 2030, starting with Area B this the inner core. In February 2019, Milan year. Over the next seven years, our launched ‘Area B’, the largest Limited subsidiary public transport company Traffic Zone in Italy and one of the has agreed to invest 2 billion euros largest Low Emission Zones in Europe 95% to replace all existing buses with placing ambitious restrictions on older OF THE electrical ones. We’re also supporting petrol and diesel vehicles permitted car and bicycle sharing and we’re to enter Milan. Public transportation MILANESI completing underground railway line is also being revised, including the to connect Linate Airport to the city. restructuring of all depots belonging LIVE WITHIN The vision for urban development to ATM (Azienda Trasporti Milanesi), in Milan is to build a growing city which manages public transport AREA B,

and offer accommodation to young C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD in the Lombard capital and in 46 people, the elderly and those in provincial towns. Three new innovative BENEFITTING difficulty. We aim to spread the structures are to be constructed and, use of an increasingly integrated as of 2020, ATM will only buy electric FROM THE and environment-friendly transport buses. LIMITATIONS system. We are investing today in a Less than a year since introducing its city to live, work and raise children.’ Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan, Milan ON PETROL has made great strides in its ten-year GIUSEPPE SALA, AND DIESEL MAYOR OF MILAN vision for reshaping how people and ‘Free the vehicles move through the city. VEHICLES AND IMPROVED AIR city of diesel QUALITY. vehicles.’ 21 C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD

22 Discouraging the use of diesel-fuelled vehicles has played an equal role We have the power… in changing Oslo’s transportation OSLO network.

This has included higher road tolls and heavy taxes on diesel-fuelled vehicles. While a 5% increase in public transport TO STEER AN capacity and low fares have made OF public transportation cost competitive. 56% To entice people to cycle instead PUBLIC TRANSPORT of drive, parking spaces have been reclaimed to create more cycle JOURNEYS ARE POWERED ELECTRIC lanes, providing a safe and attractive alternative that should take Oslo even BY RENEWABLE ENERGY. further along its green trajectory. REVOLUTION RAYMOND JOHANSEN SAYS: ‘In Oslo, we are aiming to reduce our

CO2 emissions by 95% by 2030. This is anchored in a very ambitious climate Oslo is at the helm of a cultural shift A car-free liveability programme and strategy. a climate and energy strategy are More than half of Oslo’s greenhouse towards fossil fuel free transportation, among the measures that are helping gas emissions arise from cars and to transform Oslo into a greener city. helping to return large areas of the city trucks. For the city to achieve its zero Today, more electric cars are sold emission goal – and for us to meet our back to the public. in Oslo than fossil fuel engines, a climate goal – most vehicles will need transition that has been propelled by a to be emission free. range of policies that are encouraging We aim to reduce overall car traffic people to use cleaner vehicles. From by a third, compared to 2015. To reduced toll charges and tax discounts ‘Vehicles succeed, we will continue to step for electric cars, to an exemption from C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD up investments in public transport, value-added tax, Oslo is incentivising bicycle paths and pedestrian its citizens with budget and climate will need DID YOU KNOW… walkways. friendly pricing that brings electric vehicles into price parity with petrol More and more people in Oslo choose Today, 60% of new cars sold in Oslo are electric. to be and diesel vehicles. public transport instead of cars. By MAKING A DIFFERENCE making it easier to choose emission The owners of electric cars also free public transportation we can emission benefit from free parking and access 56% of all public transport journeys are powered by achieve a rapid shift to zero-emission to bus lanes, which has the added renewable energy. Oslo has a goal of delivering a fossil- mobility. benefit of reducing traffic congestion fuel-free public transport fleet by 2020. free.’ and saving passengers’ time on their We will continue our efforts to make WHAT NEXT? commute. the greenest travel option the most attractive one in Oslo.’ Oslo is considering a science-based report on how it could achieve a zero-emission city by 2030. This will RAYMOND JOHANSEN, shape new policies for mobility in freight services and GOVERNING MAYOR OF OSLO waste management. 23 already has one of the largest electric ELECTRIC bus fleets in the world and I want to We have the power… extend this electro-mobility revolution SANTIAGOLONDON BUSES COST to municipal and citizen fleets, DID YOU KNOW… ensuring that all 52 communes in the Santiago region can benefit. Santiago has one of the largest 70% electric bus fleets in the world Attracting inward investment into the outside of China. TO EXPAND LESS TO region has been a key challenge for me as Governor. The public private MAKING A DIFFERENCE OPERATE IN partnership for the delivery of the charging stations been a crucial Each electric bus saves up to 60 SANTIAGO. tonnes of CO per year and costs means of achieving this and ensuring 2 THE MARKET that the upfront investment is 70% less to operate. available for all of Santiago to benefit WHAT NEXT? With plans to have 400 The city is working to promote electric mobility to KARLA RUBILAR SAYS: from, not just areas that are profitable. citizens across its 52 municipalities. The initiative Electric mobility also offers a great ‘Air pollution is a severe challenge In the next few years Santiago aims electric buses and 104 echoes national policy and will see 104 public opportunity for new regional investors for quality of life in Santiago and I for the total transformation of the electric charging points installed. in the transport market. electric charge points on the am determined to change this by municipal vehicle fleets to electric. Funding has also been committed to upgrading all promoting a more sustainable region. Electric mobility is a key part in my streets by the end of 2019, municipal service fleets to electric vehicles, at the Santiago is already one of the world’s wider vision for a clean air, fossil fuel the Metropolitan Region same time that national government and RED, the leading cities for electric buses, but free city that includes growing the agency responsible for operating Santiago’s bus more can be done for other fleets. public transport network so that more of Santiago is on course to network, have committed to upgrading the city My goal is for a transition towards regions are connected and developing become a global leader in bus fleet to electric vehicles. Fossil-Fuel-Free Streets, following infrastructure or the use of bicycles two paths: First new electric buses, and other forms of transport that will green transportation. gathering efforts from different provide the inhabitants of Santiago governmental institutions, procuring with easy alternatives to the car. only zero-emission buses by 2025; and second with the support My advice to other mayors would be from the Metropolitan Regional that collaboration with partners is Government, we aim for the complete key to delivering the transformative transformation of the municipal change that is needed. Thanks to C40

vehicle fleets to electric in the next we have progressed in that line.’ C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD few years in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago. KARLA RUBILAR, As well has helping to reduce GOVERNOR OF SANTIAGO emissions from transport, electric vehicles are far more energy efficient and can help reduce our city and our nation’s dependence on petroleum imports. ‘Electric vehicles

The Formula E race in Santiago was the ideal opportunity for me to launch are far more my vision for electric mobility in the region. Thanks to President Piñera’s energy efficient.’ commitment to fighting climate change and private investors, Santiago 24 JENNY DURKAN SAYS: We must ensure people have access to reliable, efficient, and equitable We have the power… ‘Climate change is one of the gravest transit options, so that our streets SEATTLE threats we face. We can reinvent our as well as our air and water, stay approach to transportation while also unclogged. reducing carbon pollution by building an equitable future with fewer cars, Our goal is to reduce single- more transit, and less pollution. occupancy trips among drivers who can switch to transit. Seattle leads TO REDUCE We’re investing more in housing the nation in the growth of transit near transit, electrifying buses, and ridership. One critical aspect of this is other shared mobility, and increasing expanding access to transit for all our access to safe pedestrian and bike communities. infrastructure. For those we need their vehicles, we SINGLE should aim to make environmentally conscious transportation options JENNY DURKAN, desirable and feasible. That’s why MAYOR OF SEATTLE we’re investing in electric vehicle infrastructure and reducing the OCCUPANCY economic barriers that electrification ‘Fewer cars, A comprehensive strategy is delivering can create. efficiencies across every level of society Ultimately, we know that the more transit communities hit the hardest by and city infrastructure, placing Seattle at climate change are most often TRIPS our historically under-served the forefront of positive climate action in and less Reducing congestion and communities of color and as we transportation emissions are key the United States. develop and implement new priorities for Mayor Jenny Durkan policies, we must continue to pollution’ and the City of Seattle. Greater Under its Climate Action Plan, revaluate the race and social justice DID YOU KNOW… investment in public transit systems Seattle has committed to reducing impacts. Reliable, safe transit is have improved mobility in areas of the City’s vehicle fleet by the end such backbone in people’s lives. City departments pool transportation and share fleet the city that previously had limited of 2020, and to making the entire Expanding access to comprehensive resources, while employees are encouraged to switch

access. fleet fossil fuel-free by 2040. transit and transportation projects from single-occupancy rides to walking, cycling, or C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD The Plan further stipulates that not only helps us meet our climate transit. Unprecedented investments have all future vehicle replacements goals, but it also ensures that our been directed towards affordable should be the most cost effective, communities can truly thrive.’ MAKING A DIFFERENCE housing near transit routes, while and of the lowest engine Mayor Durkan’s ORCA Opportunity program provides new legislation ensures that all displacement. free, year-round transit passes to 15,000 Seattle Public new or renovated buildings that Schools high school students, more than 300 Seattle include parking will provide electric Externally, the City is working with Promise college students, and to 1,500 of the City’s vehicle infrastructure powered by transportation, delivery services low-income residents. the country’s greenest utility. And and school district partners to Mayor Durkan has committed the electrify vehicles, buses, and taxis WHAT NEXT? City to evaluating the equitable in Seattle. implementation of congestion At Mayor Durkan’s direction, the Seattle Department pricing as a key strategy to reduce of Transportation continues to study the potential for congestion and address emissions. the equitable implementation of congestion pricing in Seattle as a key way to address congestion and combat climate change. 25 We have the power… SEOUL THE CITY’S DEDICATED TO COLLABORATE CYCLE LANES Collaboration has been key to Seoul’s PARK WON-SOON SAYS: COVER success in implementing ambitious ‘Tackling vehicle emissions is a priority if you are to tackle air pollution in strategies to reduce climate emissions your city. As cities made significant and improve air quality. contributions toward the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the concerted effort shown by cities today to tackle Legislative measures and on the Management of Fine Dust and air pollution will make air cleaner for 916 KILOMETRES environmentally friendly policies have introduce the eco-friendly car rating our citizens to breathe. set the pace of progress in Seoul since system which assigns a grade to 2012 when the city banned old diesel vehicles according to their emissions. We have learned the hard way that, vehicles weighing over 2.5 tons that Grade-5 vehicles (dirtiest cars) are when it comes to climate breakdown, lacked diesel particulate filters. This banned from the city centre when national governments cannot solve the Low Emission Zone remains in force Seoul’s emergency fine dust reduction problem on their own. Or better put: and is today patrolled by some 100 measures are enforced. a president talks about the principles, CCTVs at 51 locations. but a mayor collects the garbage. DID YOU KNOW… Its success has led to the expansion of My priority is to work towards greater solidarity and strength by broadening the scheme to cover the entire Seoul 25,000 public bikes have been made the range of actors represented in metropolitan area, a scheme that is available in the city. jointly enforced via a cooperative the discussions on climate issues. In agreement with the Ministry of Seoul, we have already benefited from MAKING A DIFFERENCE Environment, Incheon City and policy information exchanges and joint initiatives with cities such as Paris and Seoul is on target to deploy 2,720 Gyeonggi Province. C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD London and we plan to increase that electric buses by 2025. 29 are Citizens are encouraged to choose collaboration, for example with the already in place with the number greener alternatives by using cycling East Asia Clean Air Cities. expected to reach 100 by the end of paths and pedestrian-only zones, the year. while diesel buses have been replaced Climate change and air pollution WHAT NEXT? with natural gas and electric vehicles, cannot be settled single-handedly. Working together is key to our and subsidies are offered to car In July 2019, Seoul introduced a six- success.’ owners who use emission-reducing ‘Tackling month pilot, designating 16.7km2 devices. as a Green Transportation Space with more stringent Low Emissions In 2017, Mayor Park Won Soon made vehicle Zone standards as well as cycle and public transit free during rush hour on pedestrian paths and green space. days when levels of particulate matter Grade-5 vehicles are banned from ran high. This action has led the state PARK WON-SOON, emissions is a entering the city centre from 9 am to government to enact the Special Act MAYOR OF SEOUL 9 pm every day, all year round, with priority.’ fines for those who breach the ban. 26 In January 2019 Vancouver became the first city in Canada to declare We have the power… a climate emergency, which was VANCOUVER accompanied by ambitious plans to reduce carbon pollution, improve energy efficiency, and transition to ‘Walkable, sustainable renewable energy. TO MAKE This latest plan builds on Vancouver’s neighbourhoods help previous commitment to improve the city’s green credentials, and outlines six key areas of concern. These include fight climate change.’ two thirds of trips in Vancouver to be made by walking, cycling or public BIG MOVES The City Council has recently transit by 2030, and 50% vehicle declared a climate emergency and kilometres travelled on Vancouver’s Encouraging people one of our key goals is to have two- roads to be in zero emission vehicles. to take the sustainable thirds of trips in Vancouver by active The city’s active transport network transportation and transit by 2030. will also be extended, e-bikes will be route has been at the I strongly believe that ensuring introduced to the city’s public bike that neighbourhoods are walkable heart of Vancouver’s share system, and an electric vehicle is just as important as developing charging network will be introduced to climate action plans, mass transit. Walkable, sustainable incentivise people to make the switch. neighbourhoods keep cities vibrant delivered with the Proposals for a new zero emission and help fight climate change. That zone are also underway. support of key is why another of our key Climate Emergency goals is for 90% of KENNEDY STEWART SAYS: KENNEDY STEWART, partners. residents to live within an easy walk MAYOR OF VANCOUVER ‘Climate change has long been an or roll of their daily needs. If every issue that the City of Vancouver has city in the world was designed first been committed to taking action on. with complete communities we would be a lot closer to meeting DID YOU KNOW… Encouraging more people to use global emissions targets. transit, as well as walking and cycling, Vancouver is home to the world’s longest fully BY 2030, is one of the main areas where cities I was pleased that our politically automated train network, carrying 495,000 C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD can make a key difference. Provision diverse City Council voted to passengers per day and the busiest bus route in 50% OF of good quality, affordable transit is declare a climate emergency. But Canada or the USA, carrying 60,000 passengers vital to helping cities reduce emissions. I was even more proud that we per day. KILOMETRES also approved a plan to take action To that end we are working in MAKING A DIFFERENCE – because while declarations are partnership with TransLink to expand DRIVEN ON important, it’s going to take a bold The number of trips made by foot, bike and public Vancouver’s bus network, including action plan to truly drive change.’ transit has risen from 40% in 2008 to 53% in 2018. changes to reduce journey times and VANCOUVER’S The average distance driven per resident has also improve reliability. We are also working dropped by 38%. ROADS WILL with our partners in the region and across all levels of government to WHAT NEXT? BE BY ZERO deliver Vancouver’s Skytrain extension, a vital transit improvement needed for By 2030, 50% of kilometres driven on Vancouver’s EMISSION the city. roads will be by zero emissions vehicles. VEHICLES. 27 Be inspired Take a look at the C40 Green and Healthy Streets Declaration page. All signatory cities are listed along with the actions they plan to take to achieve the commitments. All mayors can use this information to set the benchmark for action on transport in their cities.

Be bold Get in touch with your key C40 Cities contact or Regional Director to signal your intention to join the mayors who have already signed the C40 Green and Healthy Streets Declaration.

Be empowered Get involved by contacting us ([email protected]) to learn more about what C40 mayors are doing collectively to accelerate city ambition, transform cities, demonstrate the benefits of the future we want and send a strong signal to the private sector to create zero emission products and services. C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD WHAT NEXT? WHAT

28 TUMI - the Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative - is the leading global initiative on sustainable mobility implementation that is formed through the union of 11 prestigious partners.

TUMI supports mobility projects globally and supports city-level policy-makers with the tools to enable them to make decisions that positively transform mobility in their cities.

We believe in a future that allows all citizens access to Sustainable Urban Mobility.

This guidebook is meant to give you, as mayors, the opportunity to learn directly from your peers on how to implement the projects needed to achieve this goal. All cities and mayors featured have shown bold political leadership, which we hope can serve as an inspiration for you to show the same leadership

in your cities. C40 THE POWER TO MOVE THE WORLD

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