Eucalyptus Oils
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Evaluation of Aphicidal Effect of Essential Oils and Their Synergistic Effect Against Myzus Persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
molecules Article Evaluation of Aphicidal Effect of Essential Oils and Their Synergistic Effect against Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Qasim Ahmed 1,† , Manjree Agarwal 2,† , Ruaa Al-Obaidi 3, Penghao Wang 2,* and Yonglin Ren 2,* 1 Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya Campus, Baghdad 10071, Iraq; [email protected] 2 College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; [email protected] 3 Pharmacy College, Mustansiriyah University, Al-Qadisyia, Baghdad 10052, Iraq; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (P.W.); [email protected] (Y.R.) † These authors contributed equally to this paper. Abstract: The insecticidal activities of essential oils obtained from black pepper, eucalyptus, rose- mary, and tea tree and their binary combinations were investigated against the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Aphididae: Hemiptera), under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. All the tested essential oils significantly reduced and controlled the green peach aphid population and caused higher mortality. In this study, black pepper and tea tree pure essential oils were found to be an effective insecticide, with 80% mortality when used through contact application. However, for combinations of essential oils from black pepper + tea tree (BT) and rosemary + tea tree (RT) tested Citation: Ahmed, Q.; Agarwal, M.; as contact treatment, the mortality was 98.33%. The essential oil combinations exhibited synergistic Al-Obaidi, R.; Wang, P.; Ren, Y. and additive interactions for insecticidal activities. The combination of black pepper + tea tree, Evaluation of Aphicidal Effect of eucalyptus + tea tree (ET), and tea tree + rosemary showed enhanced activity, with synergy rates Essential Oils and Their Synergistic of 3.24, 2.65, and 2.74, respectively. -
Final Recovery Plan Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax Traillii Extimus)
Final Recovery Plan Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) August 2002 Prepared By Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Recovery Team Technical Subgroup For Region 2 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Albuquerque, New Mexico 87103 Approved: Date: Disclaimer Recovery Plans delineate reasonable actions that are believed to be required to recover and/or protect listed species. Plans are published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, sometimes prepared with the assistance of recovery teams, contractors, State agencies, and others. Objectives will be attained and any necessary funds made available subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address other priorities. Recovery plans do not necessarily represent the views nor the official positions or approval of any individuals or agencies involved in the plan formulation, other than the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. They represent the official position of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service only after they have been signed by the Regional Director or Director as approved. Approved Recovery plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in species status, and the completion of recovery tasks. Some of the techniques outlined for recovery efforts in this plan are completely new regarding this subspecies. Therefore, the cost and time estimates are approximations. Citations This document should be cited as follows: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2002. Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Recovery Plan. Albuquerque, New Mexico. i-ix + 210 pp., Appendices A-O Additional copies may be purchased from: Fish and Wildlife Service Reference Service 5430 Governor Lane, Suite 110 Bethesda, Maryland 20814 301/492-6403 or 1-800-582-3421 i This Recovery Plan was prepared by the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Recovery Team, Technical Subgroup: Deborah M. -
Eucalyptol (1,8 Cineole) from Eucalyptus As COVID-19 Mpro Inhibitor
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 31 March 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0455.v1 Eucalyptol (1,8 cineole) from eucalyptus as COVID-19 Mpro inhibitor. However, essential oil a potential inhibitor of further research is necessary to investigate COVID 19 corona virus infection by their potential medicinal use. Molecular docking studies Arun Dev Sharma* and Inderjeet Kaur Keywords: COVID-19, Essential oil, Eucalyptol, Molecular docking PG dept of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College Jalandhar *Corresponding author, e mail: [email protected] Graphical abstract Abstract Background: COVID-19, a member of corona virus family is spreading its tentacles across the world due to lack of drugs at present. Associated with its infection are cough, fever and respiratory problems causes more than 15% mortality worldwide. It is caused by a positive, single stranded RNA virus from the enveloped coronaviruse family. However, the main viral proteinase (Mpro/3CLpro) has recently been regarded as a suitable target for drug design against SARS infection due to its vital role in polyproteins processing necessary for coronavirus reproduction. Objectives: The present in silico study was designed to evaluate the effect of Eucalyptol (1,8 cineole), a essential oil component from eucalyptus oil, on Mpro by docking study. Methods: In the present study, molecular docking studies were conducted by using 1- click dock and swiss dock tools. Protein interaction mode was calculated by Protein Interactions Calculator. Results: The calculated parameters such as RMSD, binding energy, and binding site similarity indicated effective binding of eucalyptol to COVID-19 proteinase. Active site prediction further validated the role of active site residues in ligand binding. -
Fire Management Newsletter: Eucalyptus: a Complex Challenge
Golden Gate National Recreation Area National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Point Reyes National Seashore EucalyptusEucalyptus A Complex Challenge AUSTRALIA FIRE MANAGEMENT, RESOURCE PROTECTION, AND THE LEGACY OF TASMANIAN BLUE GUM DURING THE AGE OF EXPLORATION, CURIOUS SPECIES dead, dry, oily leaves and debris—that is especially flammable. from around the world captured the imagination, desire and Carried by long swaying branches, fire spreads quickly in enterprising spirit of many different people. With fragrant oil and eucalyptus groves. When there is sufficient dead material in the massive grandeur, eucalyptus trees were imported in great canopy, fire moves easily through the tree tops. numbers from Australia to the Americas, and California became home to many of them. Adaptations to fire include heat-resistant seed capsules which protect the seed for a critical short period when fire reaches the CALIFORNIA Eucalyptus globulus, or Tasmanian blue gum, was first introduced crowns. One study showed that seeds were protected from lethal to the San Francisco Bay Area in 1853 as an ornamental tree. heat penetration for about 4 minutes when capsules were Soon after, it was widely planted for timber production when exposed to 826o F. Following all types of fire, an accelerated seed domestic lumber sources were being depleted. Eucalyptus shed occurs, even when the crowns are only subjected to intense offered hope to the “Hardwood Famine”, which the Bay Area heat without igniting. By reseeding when the litter is burned off, was keenly aware of, after rebuilding from the 1906 earthquake. blue gum eucalyptus like many other species takes advantage of the freshly uncovered soil that is available after a fire. -
Planning Commission
Revised Arborist Report 300 Montague Expressway Milpitas, CA Prepared for: Trumark Companies 4185 Blackhawk Plaza Circle, Suite 200 Danville, CA 94506 Prepared by: HortScience, Inc. 2150 Rheem Dr., Suite A Pleasanton, CA 94588 October, 2011 Revised Arborist Report 300 Montague Expressway Milpitas Table of Contents Page Introduction and Overview 1 Survey Methods 1 Description of Trees 2 Suitability for Preservation 4 Evaluation of Impacts 5 Tree Preservation Guidelines 7 List of Tables Table 1. Tree condition and frequency of occurrence 3 Table 2. Suitability for Preservation 5 Table 3. Recommendations for preservation 6 Attachments Tree Assessment Form Tree Assessment Map Revised Arborist Report, Trumark Companies HortScience, Inc. 300 Montague Expressway, Milpitas Page 1 Introduction and Overview Trumark Companies are proposing to redevelop the property located at 300 Montague Expressway, in Milpitas. The site is triangular, bordered by Montague Expressway to the west and Trade Zone Blvd. to the south. Currently, the site is an office complex, with a vegetated berm along the western and southern boundaries. The three buildings are centrally located with peripheral parking and landscaping throughout. The plan proposes to construct 92 attached town homes and 42 single-family homes, for a total of 134 homes. HortScience, Inc. was asked to prepare an Arborist Report for the site. This report provides the following information: 1. An evaluation of the health and structural condition of all trees growing within and adjacent to the project area based on a visual inspection of external conditions. 2. An assessment of the impacts of constructing the proposed project on the trees. 3. Guidelines for tree preservation during the design, construction and maintenance phases of development. -
Essential Oils As Therapeutics
Article Essential oils as Therapeutics S C Garg Department of Chemistry Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar 470 003, Madhya Pradesh, India E-mail: [email protected] Kingdom. British nurses are insured by the Abstract Royal College of Nurses to use essential Essential oils are the volatile secondary plant metabolites which mainly oils both topically and inhalation for consist of terpenoids and benzenoids. Research in the later half of 20th century improved patient care. Lavender oil with has revealed that many curative properties attributed to various plants in its mild sedative powers is being tested as indigenous medicine are also present in their essential oils. These oils exert a a drug replacement to treat older patients number of general effects from the pharmacological viewpoint. When applied suffering insomnia, anxiety and depression locally, the essential oils mix readily with skin oils, allowing these to attack the and to make terminal care patients more infective agents quickly and actively. Therapeutic properties of various essential comfortable. In New York hospitals vanilla oils based on folklore, experiences and claims of aromatherapists and scientific oil is released under patient’s noses to help studies have been summarised in this review. In vitro studies conducted by the them relax before an MRI scan. Italian author on antimicrobial and anthelmintic properties of some essential oils have research has shown it to relieve anxiety also been discussed. and fear. Keywords: Essential oils, Therapeutics, Aromatherapy, Antimicrobial, Anthelmintic. Modes of essential oil usage IPC Code; Int. cl.7 ⎯ C11B 9/00, A61P/00, A61P 31/00, A61P 33/10 Inhalation for respiratory tract infections and physiological effect, topical Introduction anointments. -
Eucalyptus Plantations in the Bay Area
The History, Ecology and Future of Eucalyptus Plantations in the Bay Area Joe R. McBride Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning and Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management University of California Berkeley, CA “The Eucalyptus seems an indispensable element of this State’s landscapes, as indigenously Californian as the redwoods, the poppy fields, the long white coastal beaches, the gleaming granite of the High Sierra.” H. Gilliam, 1965 Overview 1. History of eucalyptus in California 2. Characteristics of eucalyptus plantations 3. Modification of site conditions by eucalyptus 4. Eucalyptus forests as habitat for wildlife 5. Future of eucalyptus plantations in California Location of Eucalyptus Study Sites • Jack London State Park • Pt. Pinole • Tilden Park Angle Island • • Strawberry Canyon East Ft. Baker • • Redwood Park Lands End •• •Mills College Presidio • Chabot Park Burleigh Murray Ranch State Park • History • Initial Introduction • Planting during the 1870s • Planting from 1906-1913 • Planting in the latter half of the 20th century Initial Introduction of Eucalyptus to California Eucalyptus Planting in the 1870s Eucalyptus Planting 1906 -1912 Latter Half of the 20th Century Major Species of Eucalyptus Planted in California Blue Gum Red Gum Sugar Gum Red Ironbark Silver Dollar Lemon Scented Distribution of Blue Gum Eucalyptus Characteristics of Eucalyptus Plantations Structural Characteristics 80 Initial Spacing of Trees in Plantations (Angel Island State Park) Diameter Distribution of Eucalyptus -
Care Instructions for Garden Furniture Made of Eucalyptus
Care instructions for garden furniture made of eucalyptus The garden furniture are made of eucalyptus wood, which is a good natural Resistance has in the outdoor area. The garden furniture was treated with a colored wood care oil to prevent the wood from decay, dehydration and cracking. Like all wooden furniture, they are nevertheless subject to the Weather influence, this means they are subject to large temperature fluctuations, wet and intense Sunlight. Especially by rain, it comes to a rapid removal of impregnation. This essentially leads to the following phenomena: - Cracking and deformation. These are typical characteristics of wood that are themselves never completely avoid it. Usually, however, they affect the function of the furniture barely. - Mildew and mold. Both are fungus species that colonize spontaneously and exogenously wood and find particularly good soil on softened wood, especially on horizontal areas such as e.g. seats and table tops. Both phenomena are nursing errors and not a reason for complaint. The following notes should you Therefore, please pay attention to have more enjoyment of your garden furniture: - Avoid long exposure to moisture and stagnant water. Put the furniture in rain under or cover it with a cover. For short rains should the furniture tipped and wet after the rain wiped. For longer coverage must be provided for sufficient air circulation. - Cleaning with a soft brush and soapy water. - Treat regularly with wood care oil from specialist retailers. This can be several times be necessary per season. If water on the wood no longer pearls at the latest when brittle be gray or gray, this should be done. -
Eucalyptus Essential Oil Is Enjoyed for Its Fresh, Clean Aroma
Eucalyptus Eucalyptus radiata 15 mL PRODUCT INFORMATION PAGE PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Eucalyptus comes from evergreen trees that grow up to 50 feet in height. The chemical structure of Eucalyptus makes it ideal for creating a soothing massage. Steam distilled from the leaves, Eucalyptus essential oil is enjoyed for its fresh, clean aroma. Diffuse Eucalyptus oil to promote a stimulating and rejuvenating environment. USES Cosmetic • Massage daily onto lower abdomen for a soothing massage. • Add one drop to moisturizer and apply to skin for revitalizing benefits. • Place three drops Eucalyptus in bottom of shower to invigorate senses. Application: • Dilute with Fractionated Coconut Oil and apply to chest Plant Part: Leaf and breathe deeply. Extraction Method: Steam distillation • Place one to two drops in hands, rub together, and inhale Aromatic Description: deeply for an invigorating aroma. Camphoraceous, airy Household Main Chemical Components: • During winter months, diffuse Eucalyptus to promote Eucalyptol, alpha-terpineol vitality. • Diffuse Eucalyptus to enjoy its purifying properties when foul odors are in the air. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Diffusion: Use three to four drops in the diffuser of choice. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus radiata 15 mL Topical use: When used topically, dilute 1 drop with 5-10 drops of carrier oil to minimize skin sensitivity. Part Number: 30061713 Wholesale: $21.75 CAD CAUTIONS Retail: $29.00 CAD PV: 18 Possible skin sensitivity. Keep out of reach of children. If you are pregnant, nursing, or under a doctor’s care, consult your physician. Avoid contact with eyes, inner ears, and sensitive areas. All words with trademark or registered trademark symbols are trademarks or registered trademarks of dōTERRA Holdings, LLC ©2018 dōTERRA Holdings, LLC Eucalyptus PIP CA EN 010919. -
Antibacterial Effect of Eucalyptus Oil, Tea Tree Oil, Grapefruit Seed Extract, Potassium Sorbate, and Lactic Acid for the Development of Feminine Cleansers
International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication Vol.13 No.2 82-92 (2021) http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/IJIBC.2021.13.2.82 IJIBC 21-2-12 Antibacterial Effect of Eucalyptus Oil, Tea Tree Oil, Grapefruit Seed Extract, Potassium Sorbate, and Lactic Acid for the development of Feminine Cleansers Young Sam Yuk * Lecturer , Department of Clinical Medical Science, Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Purpose : It has been reported that the diversity and abundance of microbes in the vagina decrease due to the use of antimicrobial agents, and the high recurrence rate of female vaginitis due to this suggests that a new treatment is needed. Methods : In the experiment, we detected that 10% potassium sorbate solution, 1% eucalyptus oil solution, 1% tea tree oil solution, 400 µL/10 mL grapefruit seed extract solution, 100% lactic acid, 10% acetic acid solution, and 10% lactic acid solution were prepared and used. After adjusting the pH to 4, 5, and 6 with lactic acid and acetic acid in the mixed culture medium, each bacterium was inoculated into the medium and incubated for 72 h at 35°C. Incubate and 0 h each. 24 h. 48 h. The number of bacteria was measured after 72 h. Results : In the mixed culture test between lactic acid bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms, lactic acid bacteria showed good results at pH 5–5.5. Potassium sorbate, which has varying antibacterial activity based on the pH, killed pathogenic bacteria and allowed lactic acid bacteria to survive at pH 5.5. -
Nearby Dis1-Ricts
~ T•R· E· E·S -==-====-=== Of ---- . DRYANDRA ~---- - and ._---~==- ======i NEARBY DIS1-RICTS - '-· , . by Ken Wallace ~ DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND ND MANAGEMENT / NAT/VE TREES OF DRYANDRA AND NEARBY DISTRICTS Acknowledgements any people assisted with the production of th is key. I would like to thank CSIRO (Australia) for their approval to use the diagrams of eucalyptus buds and fruits taken from the book Eucalyptus Buds and Fruits published by the Forestry Bureau in 1968. Other illustrations were drawn by Sue Patrick (Figures 18-20, 22-27, 29, 32-33) and Margaret Pieroni (Figures 21, 28, 30-31, 34), and Figure 1 was prepared by Bob Symons. The document was typed by Barb Kennington and designed by Steve Murnane. Comments by Ken Atkins, Brad Bourke, Roger Edmiston, Mal Graham, Steve Hopper, Penny Hussey and Neville Marchant greatly improved the text. Ken Wallace NATIVE TREES OF DRYANDRA AND NEARBY DISTRICTS NATIVE TREES OF DRYANDRA AND NEARBY DISTRICTS Introduction Further Read ing [i] ryandra State Forest is about 20 kilometres to the he books and articles listed below provide further north-west of Narrogin (Figure 1). information on the trees described in this key. While plantations of brown mallet in the forest support a BENNETT, E.M. (1982). A guide to the Western Australian local timber industry, nature conservation is the area's she-oaks (Allocasuarina and Casuarina species). The primary value. Western Australian Naturalist 15 (4): 1-77. Dryandra contains the largest area of native woodlands BLACKALL, W.E. and GRIEVE, B.J. How to Know on the western edge of the wheatbelt, and it provides Westem Australian Wildflowers, Parts I-IV. -
Dragon's Blood
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Journal of Ethnopharmacology 115 (2008) 361–380 Review Dragon’s blood: Botany, chemistry and therapeutic uses Deepika Gupta a, Bruce Bleakley b, Rajinder K. Gupta a,∗ a University School of Biotechnology, GGS Indraprastha University, K. Gate, Delhi 110006, India b Department of Biology & Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, USA Received 25 May 2007; received in revised form 10 October 2007; accepted 11 October 2007 Available online 22 October 2007 Abstract Dragon’s blood is one of the renowned traditional medicines used in different cultures of world. It has got several therapeutic uses: haemostatic, antidiarrhetic, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antiviral, wound healing, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, etc. Besides these medicinal applica- tions, it is used as a coloring material, varnish and also has got applications in folk magic. These red saps and resins are derived from a number of disparate taxa. Despite its wide uses, little research has been done to know about its true source, quality control and clinical applications. In this review, we have tried to overview different sources of Dragon’s blood, its source wise chemical constituents and therapeutic uses. As well as, a little attempt has been done to review the techniques used for its quality control and safety. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Dragon’s blood; Croton; Dracaena; Daemonorops; Pterocarpus; Therapeutic uses Contents 1. Introduction ...........................................................................................................