TABI;ES OF SUN-SPOT E&QUENCES, 1901-1914. TABLE3.-Epocha of sunspot muxima and minima. Prof. A. WOLFER,. I, Minima. Maxima. The reader will hd the first complete and revised series of both the observed and the smoothed Wolf- Epochs. Weight. Periods. ’ Epochs. Weight. Periods. Wolfer relative sun-spot numbers in the MONTHLY --I 01 a WEATHERREVIEW, A ril, 1902, in Tables 1 and 2, on 1610.8 5 .... 3 .... 1619.0 1 8. 2 5 10.5 pa es 173 and 176. En page 171 of that issue the sig- 1634.0 2 15.0 2 13.5 ni came of these numbers is explained by Prof. Wolfer 1845.0 5 11.0 1 9.5 f 16560 1 10.0 1 11.0 as follows : 1686.0 2 11.0 2 15.0 1679.5 2 13.5 2 10.0 The amoothed reluttve numbera of Table 2 present the mean course 1889.5 2 10.0 1 8.0 of the spot henomena; that is to ray, without the numeroue eecondary 16.8 0 1 8.6 4 12.6 1714.0 3 14.0 6 12.7 short-perio! variation8 that really occur in addition to the 11-year 1723.5 2 11.5 4 9.3 variauon. Invejtigatione into the general courde of the phenomena 2 I 10.5 2 11.2 and into other perioda ehould therefore be baaed upon these ‘Lmothcd 1745.0 a 11.0 7 11.6 1755.2 9 10. 2 7 11.2 numbers” rand not on the “observed numbers.” The method of 1766.5 5 11.3 8 8. 2 formation of these numbera ha~been explained by Wolf in No. 42 of ins.5 7 9.0 5 8.7 Astronomiache Mitteilungen. 1784.7 4 9. 2 4 9.7 his 1798.3 9 13.6 5 17.1 REVrEW 1810.6 8 12.3 8 11.2 It is ab0 explained in the issue of the men- 1823.3 10 12. 7 10 13.5 tioned, and the significance of his “relative numbers” is 1513.9 10 10.6 10 7.3 1843.5 10 9.6 10 10.9 given in the REVIEW for November, 1901 age 505. 1856.0 10 12. 5 10 12. 0 1867.2 10 11.2 10 10 5 Prof. Wolfer has just published in the &eorolo sche 187%.9 10 11.7 10 19.4 Zeitgchrift for May, 1915, py~s193-195, the ‘i’atest 1888.6 10 10.7 10 10.2 1WI. 7 10 12.1 10 12.8 values for both the “observed and the “smoothed” 1913.4 10 11.7 relative numbers, and has added to these Table 3, show- ing the ?pochs of sun-s ot maxima and minima with the intervemng periods. ese three tables are here re- MISTPOEFFER,UXINARI, ATMOSPEERIC NOISES. rinted as in continuationh of the tables published in the ~EVIEWof Apd, 1902.’-[c. A. jr.] The noises long hown in Holland as niistpoeffer were much talked of in Europe some 20 years ago, and articles TABLEl.4bsmed rehtiwe sun-spot numbers, Wdfer system, relative to them mill be found in the MOIL’TRLYWEATHER wolf- REVIEW,^ including several suggestions as to t.lieir possible 1901-1914. ’ - origin. The noises seemed to come up out of or froin the ocean and the waves, fog, or mist; t,lieir local names Year. Feb. Mar. A r May June Aver- ‘y 11. 111. 16: v. VI. a@. therefore indicated these local theories as t,o their origin. --, --, --. --- - Similar sounds on Lake Seneca, N. P., were hiown as 1901 ... 0.2 2.4 4.5 a0 io.~5.8 2.7 the “Seneca guns;)’ the fishermen on the Banks of New 1902. .. 5.2 0.0 12.4 0.0 2.8 1.4 5.0 lrn... 8.3 17.0 13.5 28.1 14.6 16.3 7.4.4 Foundland knew them as “Seefnhrtu” “[Sea fart,~?]”;the 1904-.. 31.6 24.5 31.2 43.0 39.5 41.9 50.6 58.2 30.1 54.2 38.0 .W.6 42.0 as 1905 ... 54.8 85.8 58.5 39.3 480 49.0 73.0 58.8 55.0 78.7 107.0 55.5 63.5 similar sounds emanat.ing from the drum fish kept in our lM-.. 45.5 31.3 64.5 55.3 57.7 03.2 1M.3 47.7 58.1 17.8 389 64.7 53.8 aquaria remind one of the myt;hicd monster known to 1805 ... 76.4 108.8 80.7 52.6 43.0 40.4 49.7 55.3 85.0 65.4 61.5 47.3 68.0 1908 ... 39.2 33.9 287 67.6 40.8 48.1 39.5 90.5 889 32.3 45.5 39.5 4%5 thc Norsemen as Kraken, whose brcathings caused the ICJOS... 56.7 46.6 66.3 32.3 36.0 22.6 35.8 23.1 38.8 58.4 55.s 54.2 43.9 Ca a 1910. .. 26.4 31.6 21.4 8.4 22.2 12.3 14.1 11.5 28.2 38.3 4.9 5.8 1s. G ocean tides. At e Haitien there a pears to be 1911. .. 3.4 9.0 7.8 16.5 9.0 2.2 3.5 4.0 4.0 2.6 4.2 2.2 5.7 mysterious “gouffre’Psimilar t.0 rolling t iunder and the 1912. .. 0.8 0.0 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.1 0.3 9.5 4.6 1.1 6.4 3.6 f 1913.. . 2.3 2.9 0.5 0.9 0.0 0.0 3.01. 1 0.2 1.2 3.1 0.7 3.8 1.4 Italians sometimes call similar noises “ miigito.” 1914. .. 3.5 2.6 3.1 17.3 6.3 11.4 5.1 7.8 12.8 ai 16.1 23.2 9.0 Of all the natural methods of producing such sounds, such as distant cannonade or thunder near the coasts, or fog-horn calls reflected from the atmosphere or rocky TABLE2.-Smoothed relative 8?L?ldpOt numbers, Wou-Wolfer ayslem, 1901-1914. bluffs, the most likely explanation is the reflection and transmission through the ocean of the booming of heavy surf a ainst a rockv coast. This has now been first pro- year. Jan.I. Feb Mar A r MayJune Jul lAu jSe t.lOct. /Biov./Dec.IAver- I I 11.’ I 111.. 1 I$: 1 V. I VI. I VI{ VI#. I%. X. SI. SII. age. osecl %y Dr. Terada in the journal of the Met,eorological Eociety of for July, 1915. He made n study of 1901 ... 4.8 4.4 3.9 3.2 2.8 these noises on the southeast const of Japan, by the use 1902... 2.6 27 3.1 3.9 4.7 1903 ... 12.3 14.6 15.8 16.9 19.3 of Helmhohian resonators, and me can not doubt, t,hat, 1904... 35.5 37.7 39.7 41.1 41.5 he hns hit u on the correct explanation for the i‘mist- 1905 ... 52.5 53.5 54.6 58.6 80.5 1906... 63.4 64.8 83.8 61.3 55.9 poeffer” of solland and t.lie “uminari” of Jctpnn. The 1907 ... 56.9 55.0 56.4 59.6 62.6 1908 ... 50.5 51.6 53.2 51.9 49.9 tremendous surf and breakers at Dover, on the rocky lW... 49.4 46.4 41.6 40.7 42.2 shores of Nova Scotia, the destructive “rollers” of St,. 1910 ... 31.5 30.1 29.1 27.7 24.7 1911 ... 120 11.2 10.0 7.6 6.0 1912... 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.4 1 Davison, quoted on “barlssl guns.’’ Monthly Weather October, 1995, 00.9-c Review, 1.8 1.7 I“.UI“. 6.5 7.4 9. W Kah. etc. “Sefsmic and manic noises ’’ Ibid. April lm8, C6; 152-1s. Cancani quoted bn "marina" of Umbrla Ibid Ma ’ IS%. h6 :210. W. A Presser. on the “lake uns” of Like Sen&a, hf: S. Ibid., Jiiiy. 1903, SI :336. I The present tables extend the rerords published in Bull., Mount Weather Observa- C‘. F. Talmsn’s note on “go~#re,’~“brontidi,” l‘Nebelhall.” etr. Ibid.. Doeember. tory, 6, pt. 6,1913, p. 38. 1807. S5 :576.

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