StaffordshireTRANSACTIONS

OF THE § min ii-mt-® rent llatnral History anti Jttxtjaialagtral Ji»omty,

WITH ANNUALSample REPORTS,County &c. O CTOBER, 1926, to SEPTEMBER, 1932.

E d i t e d b y JAY B. SMITH, s Studies

Volume IX. 1933.

BURTON-ON-TRENT: TRESISES, PRINTERS, STATION STREET. StaffordshireBURTON-ON'TRENT

NATURAL HISTORY

— AND —

ARCH/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

SampleCounty

ANNUAL REPORTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDING SEPTEMBER 30th. Studies 1927 - 1932 (inclusive),

AND

STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS

FOR TIIF.

YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30th, 1932. Staffordshire II

CONTENTS.

PAGE List of Past Presidents ...... III.

Officers of the Society ...... IV.

A bridged A nnual R eports, 1927 to 1932 inclusive V.-XIV.

Statement of Accounts, Season 1931/32 .. ..XV

List of Me m b e r s ...... X V I.-X X .

R ules ...... X X L L ibrary Sample Regulations .. XXIV. Catalogue of Books in L ibraryCounty XXV.-XXXV.

Alexander Pedler Lecture, 1932. By Professor F. T. G. Hobday ...... I.

T he Mosley Collection in the B urton Museum. By G. H. Storer, F.Z.S...... 13

British Ferns and ti-ieir Culture. By Rev. E. A. Elliot, M.A...... 16

W ild L ife in a Local Fir W ood. By H. J. W ain, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U...... Studies21

Some Vanished Churches of Leicester. By H. W . Ha w k i n s ...... 31

W ild L ife and W atermills on a Local Stream. By H. J. W ain, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U...... 40

Dates of A rrival of Summer Migrants . . .. 48

Meteorological Summary .. 49

Index to Volumes I.-VIII. .. 55

Index to Volume IX . .. .. 84 Staffordshire XI.

Annual Report for the Year ending September 30th, 1931. Membership 181, consisting of 8 Honorary Members, 166 Members, and 7 Associates. Cash in hand and at Bank, £86 8s. 3d. MEETINGS HELD. 1930. Present Oct. 21— Annual General Meeting. Presidential Address, entitled “ The Roman Wall,” by Mr. R. T. Robinson, M.A., B.Sc...... 47 Nov. 18—“ The Naturalist takes a hand,” by Mr. Willrcd Mark Webb, F.L.S...... 63 Dec. 16—•“ Making Garments from Trees ” by Mr. Philip V. Perrott ...... 42 1931. Jan. 23— “ How we read from the Rocks the Record of the Plant Life of the Past,” by Dr. E. N. Miles Thomas . . 40 Feb. 17—“ The Post-War World,” by Mr. G. E. Fasnacht . . 29 Mar. 17— The Professional Zoologist,” by Mr. H. Henson, B.Sc. 50 EXCURSIONS ARRANGED. 1931. Present May 16—MaxstokeSample Castle and Priory Ruins. Leader : Mr. R. T. County Robinson, M.A., B.Sc. . . . . 46 June 20—Newstead Abbey. Leader: Mr. H. Id. Pitcliford, M.A. 37 J uly 5—Whole Day Sunday Excursion to Tewkesbury & District. Leader : Mr. G. T. Peard, M.Sc., A.I.C...... 31 July 18—Warwick Castle. Leader: Mr. F. W. Andrews .. 51 Aug. 15—Sandon Park and Ingcstrc. Leader: Mr. J. A. Walker, M.A., F.I.C...... 27 Sept. 19—Leicester Leader : Mr. John L. Chumley . . 27 On Wednesday, July 18th, a visit was paid to Drakelowe Hall, in order that members might have an opportunity of inspecting the furniture ; a few days later the contents of the Hall was sold by auction. FIELD MEETINGS HELD. The last Saturday Studies in : 1930. Present October Egginton Church. Leader : Mr. R. T. Robinson, M.A., B.Sc. .. .. 19 November Corporation Electricity Works. Leader : Mr. C. M. Livens, J.P...... 47 December Drakelowe Park. Leader: Mr. C. M. Gibbs .. .. 17 1931. January Bretby Lane and Newton Lane. Loader : Mr. C. S. Kershaw ...... 11 February Bretby Park. Leader : Mr. C. Hanson . . . . 26 March Sinai and Tatenhill. Leader: Mr. Jay B. Smith .. 14 April Abandoned owing to wet weather. May The Henhurst. Leader : Mr. C. S. Kershaw .. .. 19 June Monks Bridge to Willington. Leader: Mr. C. Hanson 17 July Branston to Walton. Leader: Mr. G. H. Storer .. 14 August Milton and Anchor Church. Leader : Mr. C. M. Gibbs 27 September Woods Lane and Waterloo Clump. Leader: Miss F. Egerton ...... 29 Staffordshire XII. Annual Report for the Year ending September 30th, 1932. The total membership is now 213, consisting of 6 Asso­ ciates, 7 Honorary Members, and 200 Members. The Society has recently sustained a loss by reason of the death of Mr. G. Selkirk Hollister, a former Secretary of the Society and one of our Honorary Members. During the winter of 1931-1932 meetings were held and lectures delivered as follows :■—• 1931. Present Oct. 20—Annual General Meeting. Presidential Address by Mr. I-I. J. Wain, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U., entitled “ Wild Life in a local Fir Wood " ...... 79 Nov. 19— “ Vanished Churches of Leicester,” by Mr. H. W . Hawkins ...... 35 Dec. 15— “ An Economical Trip to Rhodesia,” by Mr. John L. Chumley .. . . ■ . . . . 47 1932. Jan. 19— “ Flowers of the Derbyshire Dales,” by Mr. A. It. S. Proctor ...... 72 Feb. 16— “ Some Rhine Churches,” by Dr. G. H. Moir . . . . 62 Mar. 29—Sample ” The Intelligence of Birds,”County by Capt. A. de Hamel . . 58 During the year the following Field Meetings were held, on the last Saturday of each month :— 1931. Present October Winshill. Leader: Mr. C. D. Clarkson. . . . . 33 November Burton Gas Works. Leader : Mr. C. M. Livens. . . 47 December Old Burton. Leader : Mr. A. Cuddoford. .. .. 29 1932. January Anslow. Leader: Mr. C. S. Kershaw. . . . . 16 February Repton Brook. Leader : Miss H. Hanson. . . . . 20 March Bretby and Milton. Leader : Mr. H. J. Wain, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. 25 April Dawsons Rocks and Milton Brook. Leader: Mr. C. Hanson...... 38 May Tatcnhill. Leader: Mr. G. H. Storer, F.Z.S. . Studies. 9 June Bretby. Leader: Mr. IT. J. Wain, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. 33 July Anslow and Stockley Park. Leader: Mr. C. S. Kershaw. . . . . 31 August Cauldwell. Leader : Miss IT. M. Fletcher, B.A. 34 Sept. Walton Church. Leader : Mr. R. T. Robinson, M.A., B.Sc...... 27 During the summer the following Excursions were arranged :— 1932. Present May 7— Bolsover. Leader : Mr. T. W. Parkin, B.Sc. .. .. 34 May 29'—Whipsnade. Leader: Mr. H. J. Wain, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. 58 June 18—Wirksworth Leader: Dr. Slator . . . . 43 July 16—-Kenilworth. Leader : Mr. IT. H. Pitchford, M.A. . . 46 Aug. 20—Ashby. Leader : Mr. A. C. Hoskins ...... 40 Sept. 17-—Coventry. Leader : Mr. R. T. Robinson, M.A., B.Sc. 56 The average attendance being 46. Staffordshire XVI. LIST OF MEMBERS, 1932-1933.

HONORARY MEMBERS. ANDREWS, F. W ., “ Caithness,” Hampton Lane, Solihull, Warwickshire. ANDREWS, X., Old College House, Lichfield. HIND, H. LLOYD, B.Sc., F.I.C., Stuart House, Tudor Street, London, E.C.4. MATTHEWS, C. G„ F.C.S., F.I.C., J.P., “ The Anchorage,” Borth, Cardiganshire. NOWERS, J. E „ 76 Haughton Road, Darlington. ODLING, W., 42 Wilbury Villas, Hove, Brighton. RYE, H. A., c /o Mrs. Miles, 26 Fairfax Road, Bedford Park, Chiswick, London, W.4. STERN, A. L„ D.Sc., F.I.C., 1 Dollis Hill Lane, Neasdcn, London, N.W.10.Sample MEMBERS.County Abbotts, Miss M. 204 Ashby Road Adams, Miss D. 92 Anglesey Road Andrews, Miss K. W. 182 Horninglow Street Andrews, S. B. 69 Belvedere Road Arnold, Miss . . “ Gilarn,” Tower Road Ashton, Mrs. R. L. 114 Scalpcliffe Road

Babb, Miss Barton Villa, Uttoxeter Raldock, Miss 207 Hawfield Lane Barrow, H. T. 175 Ashby Road Barrow, Mrs. H. T. 175 Ashby Road Baxter, John ...... 203 Derby Street Beal, J. 215 Ashby Road Beale, Miss Thorpe House, Branstone Studies Road Beddows, W. H. 12 Belvedere Road Beer, Miss . . 72 Derby Street Beetham, M. Ferry Cottage, Stapenhill Bickford, Miss U. 41 Watson Street Bown, Miss E. 70 Shobnall Street Bramell, A. M. Rangcmore, Burton-on-Trent Brooke, W. Woodbridge, Suffolk Brooks, Mrs. . . 124 Derby Street Brown, A. C., B.A. . . 50 Outwoods Street Browne, Miss 163 Ashby Road Bucknall, Miss D. 67 Blackpool Street Bull, W. J. .. 71 Branstonc Road Bull, Mrs. W. J. 71 Branstone Road Bullock, Miss A. E. 94 Clay Street Burbridgc, Miss W. . . . . 139 Forest Road Buxton, Miss . . 56 Eton Road Staffordshire

XXIV

Library Regulations.

1. — Books shall be issued to Members by the Librarian, General Secretaries, or Minuting Secretary only.

2. — No Member shall have more than two Books at any one time.

3. — Any Book may be retained for one month from date of issue, provided no other Member has applied for it in the meantime, in which case it must be returned within 14 days of date of issue, or on demand, as the case may be.

4. —-On returning a Book, a Member may renew it for a further periodSample of one monthCounty should no other applications be made for it.

5. — All Books must be returned to the Library by September 1st in each year, and will not be re-issued until October 1st.

6. —-The Officer who issues or receives a Book shall make an entry of the same in a book provided for that purpose, and initial it.

7. — Members will be held responsible for BooksStudies issued to them, and will be required to replace all Books lost or damaged while in their custody. Staffordshire XXV LIBRARY.

BOTANICAL SECTION. NO. NAME. AUTHOR. 1 School Botany .. '...... Lindley 2 Manual of Botany ...... Balfour 3 Elements of Botany ...... ,, 4 Elementary Botany ...... Grugeon 5 Dialogues on Botany 6 Useful Plants of Great Britain Johnson and Sowerby 7 Popular History of British Ferns.. .. Moore 8-9 British Mosses, Vols. 1 and 2 T ripp 10 Popular History of British Mosses ■ Stark 11 Synopsis of British Mosses Hobkirk 12 British Mosses Guide Jameson 13 Handbook of the British Flora .. Bentham 14 Flora of Derbyshire .. R ev. W Id. Painter 15 FloraSample of West Yorkshire Y orkshire Naturalists’ Union 16 Flora of Repton CountyGarney and Others 17 Flora of Warwickshire J. E. Bagnall 18 Flora of Leicestershire F. T. Mott and Others 19 Lectures on the Physiology of Plants .. . . Sachs 20-26 The Grevillea, 1872 to 1889 27 Handbook of British Fungi M C. Cooke 28-31 British Fungi Flora G. Massee 32 British Fungi Guide (Sowerby’s Models) British Museum 33 British Fungi Guide ...... G. Massee 34 British Discomycetes ...... P hillips 35 British Uridines: and Ustilaginese Plowright 36 British Mycetozoa Guide .. : .. British MuseumStudies 37 A Chapter on Trees ...... Kirby. 38 List of British Seeds, Plants and Ferns : British Museum 39 Royal Forests, 1911 R ev. J. C. Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. 40 a-d Familiar Wild Flowers, 4 vols. E. Hulme, F..L.S. 41 The Romance of Wild Flowers E. Step, F.L.S. 42 Forest Flora of New Zealand T. K irk, F.L.S.

GEOLOGICAL SECTION. 81 Elementary Course of Geology A nsted 82 Elementary Geology Skertciiley 83 Elementary Treatise on Geology PORTLOCK 84 Introductory Text Book of Geology .. Page 85 School Manual of Geology Jukes 86 Manual of Geology Harrison Staffordshire THE BRITISH SCIENCE GUILD.

The Alexander Pedler LECTURE. SampleCounty “ Animals as a National Asset and Responsibility.”

Delivered by FREDERICK T. G. HOBDAY,Studies C.M.G., F.R.C.V.S., F.R.S.E.,

Hon. Veterinary Surgeon to H.M. the K ing; Principal and Dean of the Royal Veterinary College, London; before the Natural History and Archaeological Society at Burton-on- Trent on FRIDAY, 4th NOVEMBER, 1932. Staffordshire 2 ■

ANIMALS AS A NATIONAL ASSET AND RESPONSIBILITY.

BY FREDERICK T. G. HOBDAY, C.M.G., F.R.C.V.S., F.R.S.E., HON. VETERINARY SURGEON TO H.M. THE KING ; PRINCIPAL AND DEAN OF THE ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE, LONDON.

ILLUSTRATED BY CINEMATOGRAPH AND LANTERN SLIDES. Mr. PresidentSample and GentlemenCounty, Before I commence my lecture 1 desire to express the very great pleasure it gave me when I knew that I was to have the honour of delivering the Alexander Pedler Lecture of the British Science Guild in my own native town under the auspices of the Burton-on-Trcnt Natural History and Archaeological Society, of which both my late father and myself were enthusiastic members many years ago. At that time the Secretary of the Society was Mr. Ham Ford, a cousin of my father, whose famous tricycle was the envy of we schoolboys because of the distances it used to cover and the easy way by which, with its aid, he used to be trans­ ported from Ills residence in the Branstone Road to his Studies place of business in Horninglow Street. His bearded figure will probably be remembered by some in this room to-night. The Botanical and Geological Rambles of the Society on Saturday afternoons were always looked forward to with pleasure, and the Officials of the Society were often asked for authoritative opinions on matters connected with the history of Staffordshire and the Midlands.

Now to come to the title of my subject this evening : " Animals as a National Asset and Responsibility.” I will commence by drawing attention to the important part animals play in Agriculture ; and, through Agriculture, in the life and prosperity of the Nation. 3 StaffordshireAgriculture, so depressed at the present time, the bank­ rupt plight of which we read every day in our daily papers, is the backbone of every civilised country, and the wealth of Agriculture lies in its animals. The livelihood of the farmer depends on the health of his animals, and the health of the animals depends on the only man who is trained to recognise the deviations from nornal, i.e., the qualified veterinary surgeon; for it is only upon a foundation of good health and the control of epidemic diseases amongst animals, that the pastoral industries can be successfully developed.

It is not for nothing that men and women (for wc have many women entering the veterinary profession) of all ages enter a Veterinary College and remain there for a five or six years’ Course of intensive study of animal diseases. Their studies include not only animals in disease, but animals in health, for it is essential that they shall know their future patients in health before they can recognise their symptoms when ill. SampleCounty The student’s studies include such subjects a s : Chemistry, Biology, Anatomy, Animal Husbandry (which includes the breeds and their respective value for certain purposes for which man requires them), Physiology, Patho­ logy, Hygiene, Inspection of Meat and Milk, Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Surgery ; and when once he or she has gained the necessary licence to practise, whether a University degree or diploma, the qualified graduate auto­ matically takes a vital place in playing a responsible part in the welfare of the Nation, and of the animals themselves ; whose presence here is such a " national asset and respon­ sibility.” Think what our condition would be withoutStudies animals and birds! Food and material for clothing all come from them, and it would not even be possible to exist without this great source of supply. In times of great finan­ cial stress such as those through which we have been, and still arc, passing, it behoves the nation as a body to conserve all its resources ; and amongst these, in every country— especially an agricultural one like Great Britain— the care of such a valuable national asset as the animals involves a very serious responsibility. It is in this great responsibility that the members of the veterinary profession especially have to take their share, for wherever there are animals there must be not only individual illnesses but grave epidemics— and it is to know how to prevent these that the 12 StaffordshireHad it not been for the unlucky financial crisis there is no doubt that the money would have been raised long ago. The £250,000 required for buildings is now assured and this work is being commenced, but 10 Chairs need endowment, and for this another £250,000 is needed. The cause of alleviating suffering in the sick animal is a noble one, and England has the reputation of leading the way in all things humanitarian. Will some philanthropist come forward and help to endow a Chair ? ft is an opportunity for this humanity to animals to be demonstrated in its most sentimental and sensible form, and those who'will help to set the Royal Veterinary College in Camden Town on a firm foundation will not only help the sick animal, when too helpless to help itself, but render a real service to the State and to the Nation, whose animals are such a real “ asset ” and, at the same time, such •a "responsibility.” SampleCounty

Studies

T R E S IS E S , P R IN T E R S , B U R T O N -O N -T R E N T . Staffordshire 13 THE MOSLEY COLLECTION IN THE BURTON MUSEUM.

B y G. H. Storer, F.Z.S. (Presidential Address delivered before the Society, October 16th, 1928). I deem myself very fortunate in being able to give my Presidential Address on the “ Mosley Collection ” in this new and beautiful wing of the Town Museum, with so much of the late Sir Oswald Mosley’s munificent gift advantageously displayed around us ; and I am sure that the Society will wish me to express its indebtedness to the Museum Com­ mittee, and to the Curator, Mr. M. H. B. Mash, for their kindness in enabling us to hold our Meeting here, especially since the official opening of the new wing does not take place until to-morrowSample (October 17th,County 1928). The Natural History and Archaeological Society has always taken the greatest interest in the development of the Town Museum, for it was largely the activities of its members, and the presentation of the Society’s own collections as a nucleus, which brought the Museum into existence ; and ever since its conception our presidents and officers have always been willing to give their services and expert know­ ledge for the benefit of the town.

In 1913, Dr. Stern, then president, the late Mr. F. E. Lott, and myself, were nominated by the Society to serve as co-opted members on the proposed Museum Sub-Com­Studies mittee of the Public Library Committee of the Corporation. Various meetings were held, and the Museum was opened to the public in February, 1915. The “ Mason ” collection of British birds was added in 1921, and now, with so great a portion of the famous Rolleston Hall Museum suitably housed, Burton-on-Trcnt possesses a public museum of which it may well be proud, and which, I venture to think, as regards its collections of birds at any rate, will compare favourably with any institution of similar size in the British Isles.

One thing about the Mosley Collection not generally known is the fact that five generations of the Mosley family contributed to it. Staffordshire 16 BRITISH FERNS AND THEIR CULTURE.

By the R ev. E. A. Elliot, M.A.

Read before, the Society on March 19th, 1929.

At the present time British ferns are not favoured by those who grow specimens of this interesting group of plants ; foreign examples are to-day usually found in conservatories and rooms, and out-of-doors very little attention is paid to our native hardy Ferns : the reason in part being due to a reaction from the craze of fifty or sixty years ago, when the country was ransacked, and woods, hedges and cliffs were frequently stripped bare so drastically that many species are extinct in localities where they once grew abundantly. Staffordshire suffered as much as any other county.

Apart from the lack of interest in Ferns, which subse­ quently setSample in, this reaction has had important results; many plant-lovers do not know County the differences between Fern species (except in a few instances), and are averse to culti­ vating them because they think that to do so would necessi­ tate a further uprooting of the remaining plants.

As the main specific differences are easily grasped, and the raising of plants is simple, it seems well worth while putting forward the main outlines of this fascinating branch of gardening and botany. In the case of British species, examination of the fronds is sufficient for identification, and the first type to notice is the plain undivided form found in the well-known Hart’s tongue Fern, known botanicallyStudies as a simple frond, which consists of a stipes (or stem) bearing a leafy part. The stem can obviously be divided, so far as appearance goes, into two parts ; the lower bare, the upper having a “ leafy ” outgrowth, this upper part being known as the rachis, acting as a kind of backbone.

The next step will be some sort of division of the out­ growth, towards what are known as pinnae or wings ; but some Ferns have not reached the development of perfect wings, as can be seen in the Common Polypody, still fairly common in hedges (usually near a tree-root), and on walls or the sloping or fallen trunks of trees ; in this species the divisions of the outgrowth do not reach quite as far as the Staffordshire 17 rachis, and are therefore not true wings, but only wing-like or pinnatifid : other species in this condition are the Scale Fern, seldom found in England except on old mortared walls, and the Hard Fern, still moderately common on heathy open ground such as Cannock Chase.

Then come species with perfect wings, of which probably the best known will be the little Maidenhair Splcenwort, growing on walls in many places, or in hedges in the south and west of England, and having on each side of the rachis a row of pretty stalked rounded pinnae : of this type also are the rare Green Spleenwort, and the even rarer Holly Fern, grouped (so far only as frond division goes) under the heading Pinnate.

From this it is easy to pass to those Ferns which are twice-divided or bi-pinnate, having the pinnae or primary divisions again divided into what are called pinnules or “ little wings,” as, for instance, in the Mountain Buckler, rare in StaffordshireSample but veryCounty common in wet places in Wales ; or in the common Male Fern, to be found in almost every garden, but not, unfortunately, in its former abundance in Staffordshire hedges and woods.

When a frond is split into pinnae and pinnules, and has the pinnules again divided, it is thrice-divided or tri-pinnate, a familiar example being the Bracken, which is sometimes even further sub-divided. Part of the function of a frond is to bear the spores, some of which will ultimately produce new plants : but only some, as out of hundreds of thousands of spores shed annually by a Fern, a few only ever come to maturity. In most Ferns all or nearly all fronds are Studies spore­ bearing or fertile, but certain species have two quite distinct sets of frond, and of these the fertile are unlike the unfertile ; the Hard Fern and the Parsley Fern are instances, the former producing upright narrow fronds from the centre of a rosette of spreading semi-prostrate, broader, unfertile fronds: a further development of this is seen in the Osmunda or Royal Fern, found by rivers or in boggy places and bearing the spores in clusters at the frond tip ; or in the Adder’s Tongue, a plant of clayey soils, to be found near Burton and throughout Staffordshire, having a broad simple frond from which pro­ jects a spike tipped with the spore cluster. The roots of this are very unfernlike, more like those of some orchids, thick, white, fleshy : close examination shows, at the base of the growing stalk, the incipient fronds of the next two years. Staffordshire 26 destroyed, and sometimes a few days may elapse before the second bird is secured. In the meantime not infrequently a fresh mate has been secured, and I can only conclude that as in the case of some other species of birds there are a certain number of unmated birds which do not breed during the first year but which are available in case of emergency to take over the duties of a murdered parent. Incidentally I might add that a certain amount of territory is required for each pair of breeding birds, and I have never known more than two pairs of sparrow hawks to breed in this wood at the same time.

JAY. Next to the long eared owl and sparrow hawk the jay holds a strong place in my affection. He, too, is an outlaw according to the gamekeeper, but he is a merry one and also a useful one. For although he will devour eggs and nestlings with relish, his pale blue eyes are ever alert, and as a sentinel of the woodsSample he has no equal.County A harsh discordant scream greets the human intruder the moment he sets foot within the wood, and the presence of a prowling fox or a sleeping owl is proclaimed to the world at large with vociferous din. Beyond a glimpse of his russet figure as he flits across a glade little is seen of the jay at any time of the year.

But on a mild April morning, walking quietly through the wood, you may chance to hear a soft chuckling note a few yards away. Approaching with the utmost caution you may have the good luck to witness the jay’s courtship and to hear his love song. With outspread wings and tail he postures after the manner of a dove and utters soft chuckling love notes,Studies so widely different from his usual harsh scream that you stare in amazement. His nest, too, .is a dainty affair— like a large edition of that of the bullfinch— composed of twigs lined with the finest rootlets.

In spite ol his handsome appearance and knowing ways it must be confessed that the jay is a criminal of the deepest dye. His Latin name, garrulus glandarius, means chatterer of the acorn, but acorns are not available all the year round, and other food must be found. And the jay delights to rob the nests of other birds. Pheasants’ eggs disappear whole­ sale, and the tiny goldcrest has a hard task to hide her fragile hammock from his prying eyes. In fact, I have seen scores of goldcrest’s nests thus despoiled against one or two winch Staffordshire 27 have contrived to hatch successfully. On one occasion in the same wood I climbed up to a jay’s nest to find five fat and lazy youngsters, nearly fledged. From the beak of one a bird’s foot projected, and when I pulled at it I found it to be the leg of a young blackbird, which was being slowly digested, the young jay being unable to swallow the foot.

In the Repton Shrubs I should say that at least 30 or 40 pairs of jays nest annually, and if their numbers were not reduced by the activities of the gamekeeper the wild life of the wood would be curtailed considerably. As it is, about a hundred jays are killed annually, and it is interesting to note that one year, when this massacre did not take place, the number of nests was greater, but the average number of eggs in a nest fell from 5 to 3, and in many cases the youngsters died in the nest, and in others the eggs were unfertile due to in-breeding, emphasising the fact I have stated, that a given area will only support a certain number of any species of birds. SampleCounty GOLDCREST. The fragile hammock of the tiny goldcrest is not easy to discover, since it is usually suspended to the underside of a branch of a spruce fir tree. Those which are easiest to find are usually found first by the jays, and I have had many disappointments. One year, after I had spent several days searching for the nest of a goldcrest, I happened to walk along a public footpath by the side of the wood, and there, just above my head, within easy reach, was the nest of a gold­ crest ; and in spite of the many passers by during the week­ ends I am pleased to say the eggs were hatched and the babies, safely reared. Studies

NIGHTJAR. Although the nightjar no longer nests in the Repton Shrubs a pair of these quaint birds nests anually in Bretby Park, on the opposite side of the valley, and the birds regu­ larly visit the wood in search of insect food which is captured- on the wing. I wonder how many people here to-night have heard the nightjar’s "so n g .” Yet walking along the Harts- horne-Repton road on any summer evening this canticle of contentment is a feature of the countryside. The sound travels far on a still night, and, heard close at hand, the volume of noise is astonishing. As long ago as 1775 Gilbert White recorded that when one of these birds perched upon a Staffordshire 28 wooden summer house and began to “ sing ” the structure vibrated, and the same observer also noted that the songster was punctual in commencing his song each evening, the sound of the Portsmouth evening gun being a signal for him to start. Similarly I have noted over a period of weeks that one of a particular pair of nightjars usually commenced his evensong at 9-50 p.m. (summer time).

Unlike other birds, the nightjar makes no nest, but lays its pebble like eggs upon the bare ground where they resemble their surroundings so much that a keen eye is needed to locate them.

The bird is protectively coloured. The sight of a stuffed specimen in a museum conveys little to the beholder, but to see the bird amid its natural surroundings is to mistake it for a piece of bark or a bunch of dead leaves.

Unlike the call of the corncrake the rattle of the nightjar never becomesSample monotonous, County but like the croon of the turtle dove it is a soothing sound, and one wonders how the bird can keep it up for such a long period of time. I have timed a songster just above my head for an unbroken period of seven minutes, and the explanation appears to be that the song consists of two notes, one of which is a third lower in note than the other. These notes are uttered alternately, the higher being emitted when the breath is expelled and the other when it is drawn in. Thus the bird sings whilst it breathes. In addition to its " song ” the nightjar has many other notes, of which the most notable are a guttural “ coic,” uttered during flight, and a loud clapping noise made by hitting its wings together above its back after the mannerStudies of a woodpigeon, and I have counted as many as 20 claps made in quick succession.

FOX. Having dealt with a few of the more notable birds found in the Rep ton Shrubs I will just mention two of the mammals which find a secure retreat herein. As one might expect, foxes are always in residence, and if the hounds draw blank on their visit it is because it is difficult to get the foxes out of the wood. Whilst hounds were searching the wood I have seen a fox slip out unobtrusively to the middle of a ploughed field, where it remained motionless until the hounds had departed. The record number of cubs I have known in this Staffordshire 29 wood is 10, but a Leicestershire friend tells me he has known 11 twice and 13 once. Five or six is a more usual number.

THE BADGER. In Sir Oswald Mosley’s “ Natural History of Tutbury,” published 1863, Mr. Edwin Brown stated that , this animal was very scarce locally, and would be extinct within a few years— a prophecy which has proved strikingly incorrect. The first badger to be seen in Bretby came to the Hoofies Wood in August, 1888, his presence being revealed by his raids upon an adjoining barley field in search of bedding material. An attempt was made to dig him out, and brock shifted his quarters to the Repton Shrubs, which has hardly been without a badger since. To-day there are numerous burrows which have been excavated by these busy animals, some being now occupied by foxes, for the fox is a poor burrower. Although fairly common, the badger is regarded as a rare animal on account of its nocturnal habits, but on one occasion Sample my attention wasCounty attracted by a snoring sound proceeding from a tangle of undergrowth, and peering inside I saw a badger fast asleep, and this was within a few yards of a footpath.

In 1925 an unusual specimen was captured. Possessing pink eyes and nose, its general colour was a light rufus or sandy, the mask being light brown and cream instead of black and white. Altogether it had a “ foxy ” appearance, and there was some excuse for the keeper imagining he had secured a cross between badger and fox. The animal was, of course, an albino. The long hairs of a badger’s body consist of three colours, separate parts of each individualStudies hair being red, white and black, and it is the blending of these which produce the well-known “ badger ” or grizzled appearance. In the case under notice the black pigment was lacking, and only the red and white colours were present. Although rare, this form of colouration has been recorded occasionally in different parts of the country, and it is in­ teresting to be able to add a local record.

SUMMARY. Time is too short to permit reference being made to the interesting forms of insect and plant life encountered in the Repton Shrubs, and I will close my address with a list of the mammals and birds noted therein during the past twelve months. Staffordshire 31

SOME VANISHED RELIGIOUS HOUSES OF LEICESTER.

By H. W. Hawkins (Member of the Leicestershire Arcbreological Society). Delivered to the Society on November 17th, 1931. Apart from the fact that Leicester had a bishop named Cuthwine as early as 680 a.d., and that the See was removed to Dorchester about the year 870, little or nothing has been recorded of the pre-Conquest religious life of the city.

When Domesday Book was compiled about 1086 there appear to have been six churches in the town, five within the walled area and one outside the east gate, situated on a manor which until quite recent times was known as the " Bishop’sSample Fee.” County The beautiful church of St. Mary de Castro is not.men­ tioned in the famous Survey.

With the exception of a small portion of the church of St. Nicholas, the whole of these six churches were re-erected in Norman times', and four of them still survive as parish churches, retaining, if only in small measure, work of the 12th century. The other two, the churches of St. Peter and St. Michael, have completely disappeared, modern buildings occupying their respective sites, and these will be noticed later. Following the Conquest, quite a number of religiousStudies houses were established in the town, but, few of these have survived to the present time, giving point to the phrase : Leicester is a city of memories rather than memorials."

St. Mary of the Meadows. The most important of the post-Conquest religious houses was the Abbey of Leicester, founded in 1143 by Robert le Bossu (the hunchback), the first Norman to be styled Earl of Leicester. Its inmates were Canons Regular of the Order of Saint, Augustine, and it is reputed to have been, with one excep­ tion, the wealthiest foundation of its kind in England. Its chief claim to fame now is the fact that the great Cardinal Wolsey was laid to rest within its walls in 1530. Nine years Staffordshire 32 later (1539) the abbey was surrendered, and a mansion subsequently erected on the site, principally of stone taken from the church. This building was in turn destroyed during the Civil War of 1645, when Leicester was taken by storm by the Royalist forces.

The visitation records preserved at Lincoln throw some amazing side-lights on the life of the abbey in the 15th century. Leland, who visited the Abbey of Leicester about 1535, tells us very little indeed about the church, and the Borough Records of Leicester do not help us a great deal. It is of interest to note as regards the latter that the selling of beer in 1530 was of more importance than the mere passing of a great Cardinal. After recording the presentation of a bunch of spring flowers to Mr. Mayor, the record says : “ The Brewers arc to give 12 gallons of ale for Is. 3d., and small ale is to be a halfpenny per gallon.” WhenSample the abbey was dissolved in 1539 the silver collars of the Town Waits appear to haveCounty been a much more important item.

Little remains of the great abbey to-day except parts of the boundary walls and the remnant of a gatehouse, the site having been transformed into a really beautiful public park.

St. Mary of the Newarke. The church of St. Mary the Virgin of the Newarke is reputed to have been Leicester’s most beautiful church,Studies and its most sacred possession a single thorn from the “ Crown of Thorns.” So beautiful indeed was this church that at the Reformation it was earmarked as the cathedral church of a proposed hew diocese. So valuable, however, were its endow­ ments and those of the six chantries founded in the church that in 1547 an order was issued for its suppression.

The church was collegiate and not a parish church and was founded and endowed by the Royal House of Lan­ caster. Its history and that of its founders is the most romantic chapter of Leicester’s age-long story, and the statutes drawn up for the conduct of the dean, the canons, and the inmates and staff of the near-by Hospital, demand a separate article. The. foundations of the church were laid down soon after Staffordshire 39 St. Peter’s Church. A curious story is preserved in the local archives in con­ nection with this church. It. relates that Simon the Welsh­ man, having arrived late to ring the bell for service, was struck on the head with a baslard by the Vicar, and subse­ quently died of his wounds. The list of the vicar’s possessions is given in detail, but no record of the punishment meted out to him has been preserved. The carrying of baslards, or short swords, by clerks in holy orders and canons of collegiate foundations is often referred to in mediaeval records.

St. Sepulchre’s Church. In the 14th century a man named Walter Winkborne was hanged at the Bridewell and his body taken to the church of St. Sepulchre for burial. It was there discovered that the .man was still alive. The matter was brought to the notice of King Edward III., who at the moment was being enter­ tained at Leicester Abbey, and the King is reported by one of the canonsSample to have said : County “ As God had given the man life he (the King) would give him the pardon.”

The Visitation Records. These records, which contain statements taken down vei'batim from abbots, priors, monks, canons, and nuns, and other members of religious foundations, give us the most valuable and unbiassed insight of the conduct of such houses as were subject to the visitations of the bishop— for the time being— of the diocese. The houses of Friars were exempt, and this may in some measure explain the poverty of our local knowledge of them. Studies Staffordshire 40 WILD LIFE AND WATER MILLS ON A LOCAL STREAM.

By H. J. W ain, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. Read before the Society October 18th, 1932. The object of any Natural History and Archaeological Society should be primarily to investigate and record matters of interest in the immediate locality, so for my paper to-night I have selected as a subject the stream which flows from Hartshorne to Repton, and I propose to deal not only with the flora and fauna of this picturesque valley, but also with certain matters of archaeological interest.

Rising at a spot aptly known as Several Woods Farm, the brooklet trickles down to Hartshorne, thence by way of Nether Hall and the Iloofies to Bretby, Anally joining the waters ofSample the old Trent beyond Repton. Commencing at the source,County Several Woods is so named because several small woods are to be found there. For many years these woods have served as a sanctuary for those enemies of the gamekeeper known as “ vermin.” Situated on the boundaries of the states of Calke and Bretby, they received little attention from the keepers of either estates, and consequently are a happy hunting ground for such species as sparrow hawks, jays, magpies, and other predatory birds.

With an abundance of such birds it was not to be won­ dered that other species should suffer, and small bird lifeStudies was scarce. On the death of Sir Vauncey Crewe, however, the shooting rights of the Calke Estate were let to the late Mr. Wood, of Duflield, and his keepers quickly effected a reduction in the number of " vermin,” as many as 22 magpies one night being killed. Such an action sounds barbarous, but the effects were noticeable. Within three years, thrushes, warblers, cuckoos, and other insect eating birds increased in numbers amazingly, and neither sparrow hawk, jay, or magpie has been exterminated.

Descending to Hartshorne, the stream enters a fair­ sized pool, which is tenanted by a pair of swans, and several pairs of coots and waterhens. 41 StaffordshireTHE SCREW MILL. At the lower end of this pool on the other side of the Hartshorne Ticknall road is a mill commonly known as the Screw Mill. Exactly when first erected I cannot say with certainty, but it is here that screws were made before the industry was established in Birmingham. They were, of course, the old-fashioned bull-nosed screws, lacking the pointed end. A lady still residing in Hartshorne remembers being told that her great grandfather, Mr. Smith, was manager of the mill ; and the industry was transferred to Birmingham in his time, many Hartshorne people going with it. This would be about a century ago, as the oldest living inhabitant can only remember the structure being used as a saw mill.

I have been able to trace one old record which states that in 1796 59 hands were employed there, turning out on an average 1,200 gross of screws per week by means of 36 engines or lathes turned by one water wheel, each cutting eight or nine screws per minute, and being stopped 18 times in that period to put in and take out screws. The screws were made in variousSample sizes from Ijoz. to 301b. per gross, and children employed there could earn fromCounty 1 /6 to 1 9 /- per week. At that date, in addition to turning out £100 worth a week, a large warehouse in Burton housed a stock of 4,000 gross.

WORMCAKE STREET. Shortly below the mill the stream winds down the valley and touches Wormcake Street. The origin of this name is interesting. About 70 years ago a man named Kendrick evolved a recipe for wormcakes which produced excellent results, and his fame spread to Burton and beyond. At first he hawked his pills from door to door, then he bought a hand­ cart, and finally opened a shop in this street, dying aStudies com­ paratively rich man, and bequeathing a sum of money to form a charity for the use of the Parish of Hartshorne.

Thence the stream twists and winds its way past the old Hall, now a farmhouse, to Nether Hall (or the lower Hall), for several years the residence of Mr. Herbert Wragg, M.P.

A BADGER’S NEST. In this part of the valley, in a turnip field adjacent to the stream, I found a badger’s sunning nest in September, 1922. Usually this nocturnal animal spends the greater Staffordshire

Dates of Arrival of Summer Migrants, as noticed in Burton-on-Trent District. By Chas. Hanson.

1927 192S 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933

Chiff-Chaff April 24 April 15 April 14 April 27 April 12 April 30 April 11 Willow Warbler 24 15 20 10 12 ,, 17 tt 29 Whitethroat 30 ,, 28 May 12 May 10 ,, 26 May 7 tt 29 Lesser Whitethroat 28 ,, 16 ,, 10 ,, 10 tt 30 Yellow Wagtail April 27 „ 15 April 22 April 29 April 21 April 21 t, 30 Common Sandpiper 27 Mav 6 ,, 21 May 10 May 23 May 16 May 8 Cuckoo .. May 1 AprilSample28 „ 28 CountyApril 24 April 26 April 30 April 29 Sand Martin April 27 15 ,, 20 May 5 ,, 12 ,, 24 >1 30 Swallow .. 24 ,, 12 April 17 April 24 ,, 12 ,, 16 15 30 House Martin . . 30 15 ,, 28 May 4 ,, 12 „ 17 $t Swift 29 26 May 6 ,, 5 May 1 ,, 30 tt 30 29 Tree Pipit 30 ,, 29 April 21 April 27 April 26 ,, 30 ,t Corncrake 30 May 5 May 16 May 13 ,, 30 tt 30 Redstart 5 May 11 10 May 23 May 8 Whinchat April 20 16 May 14 5 Sedge Warbler .. 30 May 5 April 28 April 27 April 26 16 April 30 12 Reed Warbler .. May 7 April 28 ,, 28 ,, 27 ,, 26 ,, 15 May Blackcap 2 May 5 May 12 May 4 May 23 ,, 16 April 30 14 Garden Warbler 1 April 26 April 20 April 27 ,, 30 ,, 22 May Wood Wren May 4 )) 23 April 24 April 29 Spotted Flycatcher May 8 June 2 May 12 10 10 StudiesMay 22 May 8 Nightingale Turtle Dove Mav 8 May 4 May 30 May 15 May 14 Nightjar .. ,, 10 tt 22 Wheatear April 8 April 8 Mar. 29 April 24 April 24 1 8 0 4 3 4 0 0 0 14 63 18 n No. of No. 32 32 deg. or below or below nights at nights 1 9 5 15 11 20 30 29 26 20 10/28 Date. 27/30 20 20 Dec. ). 20 20 Jan. h a d e Minimum. S 18 18 18 27 38 46 43 36 29 31 20 28 25 Deg. i n ( 2 6 4 6 2 9 10 16 16 21 6/7 21 Date. Studies July10 TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE Maximum. 64 52 82 78 82 77 74 68 56 67 72 54 Deg. 75.5 55 Mean. 42.2 34.4 46.9 52.15 28.1 47.2 60.7 60.8 54.7 38.0 38.9 50.71 17 13 13 15 16 19 16 17 21 23 20 22 fell. 212 on which on which No. No. of days 0.01 0.01 or more County 8 15 18 18 14 14 31 28 27 22 2S Date. 14 Sept. 14 , 27 hours. RAINFALL. . 5 5 .62 .41 .78 .38 .79 .61 .92 .77 .96 .72 Greatest in Greatest 24 1.20 1.20 Depth. Sample 1.69 1.56 1.79 4.88 2.25 3.56 4.65 3.51 2.67 2.23 4.37 2.20 Total 35.36 inches. teorological Summary, Burton-on-Trent, Year 1927. Me MONTH. DECEMBER .. YEAR— 1927 . . JULY . . AUGUST SEPTEMBER .. OCTOBER JUNE . . NOVEMBER .. JANUARY FEBRUARY .. MARCH.. APR IL .. Staffordshire MAY The foregoing Meteorological Summaries have been compiled from observations made at the Meteorological Station at the Borough Hospital, and have been kindly supplied by Mr. James M. Cowie, Medical Officer of Health. StaffordshireINDEX to Volumes I.—VIII. inclusive

(Compiled by M r . C. H. U n d e r h il l ).

A Abbey See “ B ” Abbots Bromley V. 1. 59 Abbots Bromley, John Porter of II. 108 Abbot of Westminster from Burton III. 1. 23 Abney, Mrs. .. III. 2. 159 Acta Sanctorum IV. 2. 37 Adders V. 1. 60 Aderley, Richard III. 3. 263 Adriatic Sea . . III. 147 Agard, Sir Nicholas VII. 11 Agincourt VII. 7 Agricola VI. 41 Agrimony V. 2. 155 Ague, A Charm for VII. 57 Aid II. 100 Albinus Maximus VII. 41 Alabaster SampleCountyV 2. 3 VH I. 45 Alexander the Great VI. 46 Alfrid, son of Oswin IV. 2. 39 Algae VI. 74 Alured, son of Ethelwulf IV. 2. 38 Aldustree, Roger de. . II. 96 Alphabet, Origin of I. 68 Almond, James VII. 21 Allsopp, Hon. G. H. VI. 8 Allsopp’s Wells IV. 1. 23 Amber I. 182 Amphibia of District VIII. 3 Amulets I. 183 Amynton, Robert of II. 107 Anderstaff Lane V. 1. 19 VII. 20 Andrews, F. W. “ Natural History Notes in New Zealand ’ V.Studies 2. 172 “ Shrabs & Herbaceous Plants of N. Z. VI. 22 Angelic Acid III. 1. 72 Animals in Museum VII. 73 Anniversary of Foundation of Burton Parish Church V. 1. 43 Antonia, mother of Claudius I. 170 Anti-cyclones I. 150 Anthrax III. 2. 100 Antirrhinum .. V. 2. 154 Anslow VII. 19 Anson VII. 60 Annals of Burton VI. 53 Andressey IV. 2. 41 Apothecary’s Stock in Georgian days VII. 58 Appleby, G. “ Abbots of Burton ” VI. 93 Armorial Bearings in Abbey Church VII. 18 Staffordshire 56 Artesian Borings in Burton ...... IV. 1. 20 Ara Mor ...... II. 34 Arrow Grass ...... •. . . II. 52 Arcliean Gneiss ...... II. 75 Arabistan ...... III. 1. 36 Art, Early forms of ...... V. 2. 86 Arbor Low ...... V. 2. 94 Aristotle ...... VI. 46 Archimedes ...... • • . . • ■ • VI. 46 Articles of Enquiry ...... VI. 61 Ash-tree ...... V. 2. 145 Ashby Coalfield ...... I. 45 I. 60 Ashby Turnpike ...... V. 1. 15 Assheburne, Robert of ...... • II. 107 Asparagus ...... ■ • • • ■ ■ I. 77 Ascension Day Fair ...... IV. 2. 31 Asliwood Dale ...... ■ • • IV. 2. 51 Attila ...... VI. 49 Auk, Little ...... • VII. 71 Austen, Jane ...... •• VI. 65 Avebury ...... V. 2. 94 Axinus Cloacinus ...... • • • • I. 5

SampleCountyB Bacteria ...... I. 15 III. 2. 191 III. 3. 195 V. 1.33 Bacilli .. III. 2. 94 Badger IV. 2. 12 Badger Baiting VIII. 80 Barometer I. 140 Bass VII. 21 Bass & Co’s. Wells IV. 1. 19 Barrows I. 174 Barrow Furlong I. 174 Bargates V. 1. 8 Balsam V. 2. 151 Barbel Hole VI. 67 Bayoaux Tapestry . . .. III. 3. 195 Baggaly, Richard HI. Studies 3. 263 Barton Bakcpuze VII. 16 Bakepuze, j ohn de VII. 16 Bank Square VII. 24 Battles of Burton Bridge . . 1. 7 V. 1. 15 Barnes, John II. 108 Bagots Park VI. 19 Bats IV. 2 6 Basset, Sir W. IV. 1. 67 “ Barley—A Grain of ” . . I. 86 Barley, Huskless from Tibet II. 30 ,, Abyssinian . . II. 31 ,, Scotch II. 31 „ Austrian I. 77 „ French I. 77 ,, Smyrna I. 77 „ Algerian I. 78 V. 2. 155 ” Fields, Wild Plants’ of ! I. 75 Staffordshire 57 Beaudesert Castlo V. 2. 127 ,, Mines VII. 52 Beer III. 1. 33 Benedictine Abbeys . . (III. 3. 242) IV. 2. 25 ,, Monks, Ripon .. III. 3. 228 ,, Monks, Change to Cistercian . . III. 3. 229 Beresford, Anthony VII. 22 Bersing Coate, Robert de . . V. 1. 6 Bcrsingcote, John de V. 1. 6 Bearwood Hill V. 1. 23 Beehive Houses II. 40 Bede, Venerable III. 1. 20 Bence, H. “ The Peasants' Revolt of 1381 III. 1. 7 Beaconsfield, Lord III. 1. 27 Beyrout III. 1. 33 Beverley III. 1. 80 Bcmroso, Arnold V. 2. 98 Bell's Brewery Wells V. 2. 127 Beans— French I. 76 Bell Bird ...... V. 2. 185 Beggars Oak VI. 19 Benson & Gurley, Misses VI. 42 Becket, Thomas a’ .. VI. 55 VI. 59 Bennett, Sir Robert. . IV. 1. 73 Birds’ NestsSample and Eggs CountyV. 2. 158 Bird Life on the Trent VIII. 5 Bird Notes— Storer VII. 67 Birds and their Habits .. III. 3. 193 Birds first heard I. 181 Bird Life in the Garden VIII. 16 Birds of Prey IV. 2. 15 Birch Tree V. 2. 145 Bishops’ Seals IV. 2. 90 Bittern V. 2. 180 Bituminous Sand V. 1. 25 Black C a p ...... IV. 2. 6 V. 2. 159 VII. 32 VIII. 18 Black-headed Bunting V. 2. 159 VII. 37 VIII. 8 Black Bird VII. 73 VIII. 17 Black Heath .. III. 1 11 HI. 2. 133 VI.Studies 83 Blackhall’s House .. - .. V. 1. 35 Blind worms .. V. 1. 60 Blood . . III. 3. 218 Bloodletting VI. 81 Blount Family . . (VII. 15, 17, 20,' 26 V. 1.11 II. 107 & 108 Blount's Hall. . VII. 17 Blount Coat of Arms VII. 24 Blue John VIII. 45 Bosworth Field . . III. 3. 192 Bollandists IV. 2. 37 Bos Longifrons I. 160 III. 3. 259 Boccaccio .. .. VI. 63 Boiler Scale VIII. 43 Boar—-Wild IV. 2. 14 Books re Pagan English I. 172 Botany— Structural 1. 86 et seq 58 StaffordshireBolde, Alice de V. 1. 10 Boddington, Mr. V. 1. 16 Boulder Clay I. 3 Bonsall Vent V. 2. 103 Boyle, Rev. Vicars' Registers of the Parish Church of Burton-on-Trent ” III. 2. 121 III. 3. 233 IV. 1. 56 Bradgatc Park V. 1. 62 Branston Salt Marsh I. 60 II 50 V. 2. 156 Branston, Henry del Bushcones of II. 107 Bran I. 102 Bread I. 102 Brereton VII. 52 Bretby Hall V III. 77 Bretby Notes, by H J. Wain VIII. 77 Brewing IV. 1. 5 “ Breaking ” of Barton Fish Pond VI. 73 British Trackways near Burton . I. 157 Brizlincotc Lane V. 1. 26 Brittain, Mrs. W. i’he English Novel VI. 63 Bridge Street V. 1. 19 Brodcruding .. VI. 80 Brookweed II. 51 Broom V. 2. 153 Broomrape V. 2. 167 Brown, Adrian. “ Cyclones ” I. 139 Brown, HoraceSample T. “ The Rhaetic Beds” I . 1 “ Physical Geography of theCounty Past ” I. 37 “ A Gr'ain of Barley ” . . I. 86 “ Some varieties of huskless barley from Tibet ” II. 30 “ Notes on a Summer Tour in Norway ” . . II. 70 “ Visit to the Dalmatian Coast ” . . .. III. 1. 43 “ Discovery of the Mummies of the Pharaohs ’ III. 2. 164 Burton Natural History & Archreological Society— Inauguration III. 3 192 ■ Inaugural Address, 1842 III. 2. 158 Functions of II. 15 Excursions see “ E " Burton-on-T rent— Ancient and Modern . IV. 2. 19 Antiquity of IV. 2. 25 Burton Abbey— Studies Annales . . III. 3. 244 VI. 53 Belfry III. 3 247 Brueliouse IV. 1. 69 Buttery IV. 1. 69 Chapel of B.V. Mary . .. III. 3. 246 Chapel of the Confessors . . III. 3. 246 Chapel of St. Edmund . . III. 3. 255 Chapter House I n . 3 248 V. 1. 35 Church n r. 3 243 V. 1. 36 & 40 Church Chancel . . HI. 2. 246 Church Roof . . III. 2. 246 Church Windows III. 3. 246 VII. 18 Court VI. 59 Charter of Liberties VI. 59 Chronicle. . III 3. 244 III 3. 247 III. 3. 253 Cloisters . . III. 3. 248 59

Burton Abbey— StaffordshireCloister Garth III. 3. 253 Deans Hall III. 3. 257 IV. 1. 70 Dedicated to SS. Mary & Modwen IV. 2. 31 Dissolution Inventories IV. 1. 65 V. 1. 58 Entrance Gateway VIII III. 3. 255 Endowments V. 1. 44 Founding III. 3. 244 Foundations Excavatct V. 1. 35 Frater House III. 3. 250 Garden .. IV. 1. 69 Galilee III. 3. 245 Guest House III. 3. 257 General Plan III. 3. 257 Ground Plan III. 3. 257 , Great Hall i i i . 3. 255 IV. 1. 70 Hello Chamber III. 3. 257 Infirmary III. 3. 250 & 255 Infirmary School III. 3. 250 Farmery V. 2. 35 Kitchen .. i n 3 255 IV. P 69 Kyng’s Chamber . . III. . 257 IV. 1. 70 V. 1. 58 Lavatory. . III. 3. 254 Library .. ill . 3. 252 IV. 2. 38 Number of Monks III. 1. 246 III. 3. 254 Necessaria III. 3. 250 New ShrineSample CountyIII. 3. 246 Nine Holes III. 3. 252 Novices . . III. 3. 252 North Walk III. 3. 252 Parlour . . III. 3. 249 P r i o r s ...... III. 3. 246 & 7 IV. 2 47 xV. 1. 34 Porter III. 3. 251 Precinct Wall . III. 3. 255 Petycanons Hall IV. 1. 69 Synagogue III. 3. 246 South Walk III. 3. 229 Surrender to Henry V i I. V. 1. 12 Sacrists . . i i i 3. 247 IV. 1. 70 Winter Hall III. 3. 257 Burton Bridge— Chapel V.Studies 1. 8 Proctors V. 1. 10 & 17 Natural History VI. 67 Repairs . . V. 1. 11 13 15 Surrender V. 1. 12 Widening V. 1. 17 Length . . V. 1. 19 Number of Arches V. 1. 19 Foundations V. 2. 192 Burton Manuscrupts II. 90 III. 3. 195 Burton Parish Chest II. 90 III. 3. 195 Burton Streets, 1600 III. 3 264 Burton Parish Register III. 2 i2i iii . 3. 233 IV. 1. 56 Burton and Civil Wars V. 1. 15 Burton Brewery Company’s Wells IV. 1. 23 Burton Waters. F. E. Lott IV. 1. 5 60

Burton College Suppression ...... IV. 1. 72 StaffordshireBurton, W. J. P. “ Ancient Volcanoes of Derbyshire” V. 2. 95 Bull Baiting . . VIII. 80 Butcher Bird VII. 32 Burgage Tenement II. 108 Burbolt ...... III. 2. 161 Burdock V. 2. 154 Bull Finch . . IV.’ 2 74 ’ V. 2 159 VIII. 24 Butterflies V. 1. 27 Butterflies,' Date first seen I. 81 Buff Tip Moth V. 1. 28 Burial Ceremonies of Pagan English I. 171 Burial by Cremation and Inhumation . . I. 175 Bush-hawk V. 2. 181 Bunter Beds . . . . VI. 29 Burney, Miss VI. 65 B u r to n A b b e y — -Ab b o t s M e n t io n e d in S o c ie t y T ransactions — Wulgetus .. .. V. 1. 44 Lewricus or Leofric .. IV. 2 43 V. 1. 58 Geoffrey IV. 2. 37 Nigel III. 3 244 IV. 2 142 V. 1. 39 Nicholas .. III. 3 246 III. 3 255 IV. 2 45 V. 1. 35 Bernard IV. 2 38 V. 1. 5 William Melbourne III. 3 255 V. 1. 6 Lawrence III. 3 244 V. 1. 58 John StaffordSampleCountyIII. 3. 246 VI. 60 Thos. Packington III. 3. 246 IV. 2. 47 John Fisher or Piscator III. 3 246 III. 3. 257 VI. 80 William Bromley III. 3. 252 VI. 80 Robert Longden III. 3. 246 VI. 83 Robert Brickhull III. 3. 246 VI. 83 John Ibstocke III. 3. 247 III. 3. 252 III. 3. 257 V. 1 39 VI. 84 John Sudbury III. 3. 247 IV. 2. 47 William Matthew III. 3. 247 IV. 2, 47 Robert Onesbie ...... III. 3. 254 Ralph Henley III. 3 247 V. 1. 11 Thomas Feylde III. 3. 247 III. 3. 252 IV. 1. 42 IV. 2. 47 John Boston III. 1. 23 William Fleigh VII. 18 Richard de Insula (de Lisle) V. 1. 40 III. Studies 3. 255 c

Cage .. . . III. 3. 263 Cancer . . III. 3. 225 Cauldwell II. 107. V. 1. 7 Cartwright, J ..Chaplain of Pontage V. 1. 10 Carboniferous Shale V. 1. 22 Carboniferous System of Rocks . . I. 40 Cannel Coal Seams V. 2. 138 & 139 Calendula . . I. 78 Cane Sugar I. 107 Cardium Rhaeticum I. 5 Cassianella Contorta. . I, 5 Staffordshire 61 Carp II. 58 Catacombs HI. 1. 118 Catte Street IV. 2. 34 Californian Quail V. 2. 175 Castleton Cavern IV. 2. 57 Cannock Chase Coalfield VI. 29 Cannock Chase V. 2. 126 Cave-dwellers V. 2. 91 Caterpillars V. 1. 29 Caxton III. 1. 23 Cellulose .. I. 109 Celery, Wild .. II. 51 Cedar of Lebanon VIII. 78 Charities VII. 30 Charms VII. 57 Chapel on Burton Bridge . . V. 1. 8 V. 1. 16 C h a f f ...... I. 87 Chaffinch IV.' 2 71 V. 2 176 VIII. 23 Charcoal Burners V. 2. 130 Chartloy Cattle IV. 2. 13 Charnell, W., Bailiff of Burton IV. 1. 48 Chamberlain’s Brickfield I. 158 Charter of Liberties, Burton Abbey VI. 59 Charnwood Forest—Geologically I. 46 CharnwoodSample Ridge I. 40 Chartel, Robert of County II. 95 Chamomile I. 76 Chawner, Thos., Abbot of Croxdcn III. 2. 134 Cheese I. 17 Cheirotherium VIII. 4 Chert VI. 30 Chesters VII. 46 Clilorophyllous Plants IV. 2. 82 Chlorophyll ! ' I. 103 II. 31 iii. 1. 74 VI. 76 Cholera III. 2. 102 Chaucer, Geoffrey III. 1. 25 Charlock I. 76 Chiff-Chaff...... IV. 2.’ 65 VII. 35 VIII. 6 Churchill, R. “ Ripon ” . . III. 3. 226 Churchill, R. “ York and Beverley " III.Studies 1. 80 Churches on Pagan Sites .. I. 193 Cilurnum VII. 46 Cistercians III. 2. 131 Clayton, John VII. 46 Clark, Wm. V. 1. 17 Clerkenwell VII. 26 Clematis VI. 23 Clouded Yellow Butterfly .. V. 1. 27 Club Rush II. 51 Coal I. 47 III. 3. 195 VIII. 46 & 8 Coal. Cost in 1730 VII. 64 Coal Consumption, Uses and Analysis VIII. 51 Coal Origin . . VIII. 54 Coastline in Prehistoric Days I. 51 Cobweb Bird VII. 36 Cocoanut V. 2. 157 Staffordshire 62 Cockin, G. M.—■ “ Notes on Cannock Chase Coalfield ” VI. 29 “ Rugeley in early Georgian Times VII. 50 “ Ancient Industries of Cannock Chase” .. V. 2. 126 Cockfighting VII. 60 Cockle I. 76 Collar of SS. .. VII. 7 Coins— Roman ! !! i ’. 163 and 170 Collegiate Church V. 1. 13 Coltsfoot V. 2. 146 Commodus VII. 41 Commerce VII. 61 Combreford, Robert II. 107 Conglomerates V. 1. 26 Constantine I. 63 Convolvulus .. I. 76 Conveyance II. 98 Conveyancing Law . . II. 103 Constantinople III. 1. 41 Constantine, George IV. 1. 68 Copper Carbonate V. 1. 22 Copyholder III. 1. 9 Corncrake v n i 12 VII. 37 Coral PolypsSample I. 50 Cornflower County I. 76 Cormorant at Bretby VIII. 83 Cornish Heath IV. 1. 48 Cotoneaster IV. 1. 48 Country House Expenses VII. 55 Court of Augmentations IV. 1. 60 Cow-Wheat V. 2. 171 Cranial Characteristics of Early English.. T. 181 Cretinism III. 3. 217 Cressy III. 1. 8 Cremation I. 175 Cremocarp (Spincd) I. 76 Cress, Land . . V. 2. 149 Crichton, James VI. 36 Cromwell III. Studies 3. 263 Crow VII. 73 Crowfoot I. 76 Cromwell, Oliver III. 1. 24 Crow— Blue Wattled V. 2. 188 Crow, Yellow V. 2. 188 Crystals III. 3. 195 Cuckoo V. 2. 159 V.' 2. 184 Vii'. 37 VIII. 10 Cumberland, Duke of VII. 60 Cupping VII. 65 Curzon, Thos. V. 1. 11 Curragh I. 47 Cutleston Hundred . . IV. 1. 72 Cyclones I. 139 Staffordshire 63 D

Date I. 109 Dates of Flowering ...... I. 81 Dabchick ...... V. 1. 56 V. 2. 161 VIII. 14 Dalmatian Coast, A Visit to III. 1. 43 Damascus III. 1. 38 Dales of Derbyshire IV. 2. 49 Dark Ages VI. 50 Dandelion V. 2. 146 Day, G. Morland— “ Some Fishes of the District ” .. III. 2. I ll “ Trout and Grayling ” II. 58 Deer IV. 2, 14 VIII. 84 Death’s Head Moth V. 1. 28 Deeds from Burton Parish Chest II. 90 Dethyck, Thomas V. 1. 11 Dethyclc, William IV. 1. 67 Derbyshire Churches'—Cox . . ' III. 3. 192 Derbyshire Neck . . III. 3. 217 Derbyshire Hills I. 45 Derbyshire Limestone, Organic Character I. 50 Derwent Valley IV. 2. 52 Desmids V. 1. 32 Deir el BahariSampleCounty VI. 40 Dickens VII. 5 Diatoms ...... V. 1. 33 Diastase I. 106 Dion Cassius VII. 42 Diocletian’s Palace III. 1. 49 Diocesan Seals .... IV. 2. 90 Dipper V. 2. 160 Distaff Spinning I. 183 Dock—Golden II. 51 Dodder V. 2. 165 Dog’s Skeleton at Stapenhill I. 170 Dog Whipper...... VII, 56 Domesday Book and Cannock Chase V. 2. 126 Dolomite IV. 2. I ll Dormouse IV. Studies 2. 12 Dove Dale IV. 2. 50 VII. 22 Dove Valley .. IV. 2. 50 & 63 VII. 31 Dove— Turtle VII. 37 Dove— Stock V. 2. 159 Dove Cliff Salmon Leap .. III. 2. 114 Dugdale, Sir William VII. 7 Dugdale’s Monasticon III. 3. 244 III. 1. 30 Durham Cathedral . . III. 3. 230 Durham College, Oxford VII. 22 Durham Ancient Rites and Monuments VI. 3. 242 Duck, New Zealand V. 2. 182 Dunlin VIII. 18 Durlin VII. 83 Dyer, Walter the II. 95 Drakelowe V. 1. 61 Draycott, Sir William .. . . IV. 1. 67 64 Staffordshire E Eata III. 3. 226 Eclipse of Sun VI. 59 Edge, Thomas III. 3. 262 Edgeworth, Maria VI. 65 E e l ...... III. 2. 116 Eel Traps III. 2. 116 Eel Larva of III. 2. 155 Egginton V. 1. 19 Egginton Church Goods IV. 139 Egypt and its Monuments .... III. 2. 164 Egyptian Beliefs VI. 42 Electricity III. 3. 195 Elm V. 2. 145 English Alphabet ...... , I. 68 English Spelling III. 1. 1 Episcopal Seals IV. 2. 90 Erdeswick VII. 21 Erratics V. 1. 26 Ethelbert, King of Kent . . III. 1. 19 Euclid ...... VI. 46 Evershed, S„ M.P. & J.P...... HI. i. 193 VI. 5 Evcrshcd, Frank VII. 67 Explosion in Abbey Church V. 1. 39 ExcommunicationSample of King John VI. 57 Eycbright CountyV. 2. 170 Excursions of Archaeological Society— Wingfield Manor ...... III. 1. 7 Coventry III. 1. 7 Rolleston III. 2. 8 Croxden III. 2. 8 Kenilworth III. 2. 8 Tamworth III. 2. 20 Castleton. . III. 2. 21 Norbury ...... , III. 3. 11 Catton III. 3. 13 Measham IV. 2. 7 Haddon Hall IV. 2. 7 Middleton IV. 2. 7 Ashby IV.Studies 1. 13 Kedleston Hall V. 2. 7 Ridwares V. 2. XIV . Chartley . . Cromford Stanton Cannock Chase Rollcston Haddon Hall Bonsall Tamworth VL VI. Manifold Valley South Shropshire VI. ”X1I. Bagots Park Rangemore Rollcston Ashby 65

StaffordshireExcursions of Archaeological Society— I-Iartington VI. X II. Charnwood Forest VI. X X . Hartshorn Lichfield VI. X X X II. Gopsall E t w a l l ...... VI. X X X V . Hoar Cross VI. X X X V I. Kedleston VII. VII. ■Tissington Beaudesert Staunton Harold Willersley Rangemore Stanton Colliery VII.’ XI. Walton, Haselour, Elford Hanbury, Fauld and Tutbury Croxden Abbey Hamstall Ridware Mancetter M'ercaston Fish Hatchery VII. XVII. Mercvale Abbey Norbury & Ellastone . . Wall ...... Mavesyn Ridware VIIL VI. CharnwoodSample Forest County Ashbourne Haddon H a ll ...... Melbourne v i i i .” x i i . Tamworth Walton VIII.” XV. Hoar Cross Sudbury Bretby Hartshorn VIII. XIX. Staunton Harold Bagots Park Lichfield .. Bretby VIII. XXII. Ridwares.. Tutbury Studies Gopsall Crich ■ Monk's Bridge VIII. XXIV. Wall ...... ■ Aston & Melbourne Foremark & Anchor Ch. Ilam Croxall .. VIII. X X V II Hartshorn Clifton Campville Norbury & Ellastone B y rk le y ...... 6 6 Staffordshire F Fairs at Burton IV. 2. 31 IV. 2. 46 VI. 59 Pairford, Glos. I. 174 Fair Oak, Rugeley .. VI. 21 Farmerer or Infirmary Mast . . III. 3. 256 Fantail V. 2. 187 Faults, Geological V. 1. 24 Fauld Gypsum V. 2. 108 Fellors, William III. 3. 262 Fernowl VII. 37 Ferry at Stapenhill V. 1. 10 Ferrers, Humphrey V. 1. 11 Ferrei's, Earl of Derby VI. 54 Ferns VI. 24 Feudal System II. 100 III. 1. 8 Ferric Oxide I. 6 Feoffments II. 94 Fiefs II. 99 Fielding VI. 65 Fieldfare VIII. 6 Fire of Burton VI. 59 Firefly V. 2. 74 Fish Culture . . II. 59 Fish Ponds in Monasteries II. 58 “ Fish of the District” III. 2. I ll Fish— ElectricalSample County V. 2. 83 Fish Diseases VI. 70 Fitzherbert, Sir Anthony V. 1. 11 Flavius Aper VII. 41 Floods at Burton ...... V. 1. 6 V. 1. 16 VI. 59 ’Flora of Burton-on-Trent and Neighbourhood'— Part I. . . .. III. 2. 177 Part II. . . III. 3. 269 Part III... IV. 1. 75 Part IV. IV. 2 Flax I. 77 V. 2. 154 Flint Flakes .. I. 165 Flint Arrowheads I. 169 Fluxes VIII. 46 Ford on Trent 1.157 IV. 2. 23 Fossils in Coal Measures Studies VI. 32 Fountains Abbey III. 3. 227, 8 Fox and Goose Inn V. 1. 20 Fox IV. 2. 9 Free Labourers III. 1. 10 French Alphabet I. 71 Frog .. V. 1. 60 Fruit Seeds V. 2. 156 Funeral Tokens I. 188 Fungi I. 13 V. 1. 32 V. 2. 80 Fuchsia VI. 24 Furius Dionysius Filocalus .. III. 2. 119 67 Staffordshire G Galena VIII. 45 Galfred of Ockbrook II. 107 Galilee III. 3. 245 G a l l s ...... II. 23 Garden Warbler VII. 35 Gatham, Alan of II. 97 Gavel-kind, Law of . . III. 1. 10 Gell, Col. Sir J o h n ...... V. 1. 13 Gentleman's Magazine V. 1. 8 Geological Strata of Burton and District IV. 1. 14 I. 5 & 16 V. 1. 21 VIII. 2. VIII. 38 Geography'—Physical I. 37 Geology of Norway II. 70 Geikie, Sir Archibald V. 2. 98 Geranium ...... V. 2. 151 Geum ...... V. 2. 155 Ghost Moth V. 1. 30 Giants’ Causeway V. 2. 95 Gibbs, Thos. “ Climatal Distribution of British Plants ” IV. 1. 48 “ Influence of Temperature on Progress of Vegetation in the early months of the year ” .. I. 80 Giraud, Aimec I. 103 GlastonburySample Abbey VII. 22 Gladiators County VII. 60 Glow-worms V. 2. 76 Globe Flower IV. 1. 53 Goatsucker VII. 38 Goat Moth V. 1. 30 Gob Fires V. 2. 114 Gober, J ohn of Horninglow 'II. 107 Godwits V. 2. 180 Goldfinch V. 2. 177 G o l d ...... VIII. 46 Gorse V. 2. 153 Goshawk IV. 2. 17 Goose Grass V. 2. 155 Goose-caves, Bretby.. VIII. 80 Goodricke, It. IV.Studies 1. 66 Goths .. VI. 48 Gowk .. VII. 37 Grayling II. 58 III. 2. 161 VI. 70 Grace Dieu I. 54 Grange Mill Vents . . V. 2. 99 Graphite at Borrowdalc VIII. 39 Grasshopper Warbler VIII. 82 Great Lodge at Shobnall VI. 90 Grebe, Great Crested VI. 73 VIII. 14 Grebe, Red necked . . V. 1. 56 Greek Alphabet I. 70 Gresley, Sir George .. VII. 21 Greslcy, Sir Thos. V.’ 1.1 1 VI. 64 Gresley, William II. 108 Gresley, Robert de .. VI. 54 Greenshank .. VII. 37 68 StaffordshireGresley Charters III. 3. 257 Grococks, Richard of Stretton II. 106 Gulf Stream II. 89 Gun Barrel Oak VI. 21 Guillemot VIII. 83 Gull, Blackheaded VIII. 83 Gypsum ! .’ v. l. 22 V. 2. 108

H Haddon Hall V. 2. 116 Hadrian’s Wall VII. 41 Hanson, Chas., Senr. VII. 70 Hanson, Clias,. Junr. “ Notes on Manx Shearwater” VII. 70 “ Nests and Eggs of Local Birds ” . . V. 2. 158 “ Our Summer Migrants ” . . . . /. 2.’ 191 VI. 94 VII. 31 “ Bird Life on the Trent ” VIII. 5 “ Bird Life in the Garden ” VIII. 16 Hanbury, Roman Settlement V. 2. 109 Hartshorn, Sickness at III. 3. 261 Hardy, Sir Reginald. “ Some Early Forms of A r t " V. 1. 40 Harrogate Water IV. 1. 29 Harnham, Nr. Salisbury I. 175 Harrier SampleCounty V. 2. 181 Harrison, Rev. G. R. “ Some British Birds of Prey ’ IV. 2. 15 Hannibal V. 2. 89 Hare IV. 2. 13 Haryson, William V. 1. 12 Harpur, Colonel V. 1. 15 Hastings, Lord V. 1. 11 Iiairbell V. 2. 153 Hawk, Sparrow .. .. XV. 2. 17 V. 2 159 VII. 73 Hay, The V. 1. 19 Hay Ditch V.’ 1. 20 II. 108 Hayward, H. C. “ Lepidoptera at Repton ’ VIII. 62 Hebrew Alphabet I. 70 Heliopolis III. 1. 39 Henhurst VII. 19 Henliurst Farm V.Studies 1. 26 Height of Burton-on-Trent ’ ' V. L 45 V. 2. 196 Heron . . VII 73 VIII. 11 Heron, John. “ Report on Stapcnhill Explorations ” I. 156 Hedgehog . . . . • .. . . IV. 2. 7 Herrings VI. 71 Heather IV. 1. 54 Hob-ryddings VII. 19 Hodgson, Clias. V. 1. 17 Hollar, W ...... III. 3. 245 V. 1 39 V. 1. 40 Holinshcd V. 1. 7 Honey-eater V. 2. 184 Hoop in Dress VII. 59 Hopton, Adam of . . II. 107 Horseholme IV. 2. 47 Hornbeam V. 2. 145 Horobin, Jerome III. 3. 261 69 StaffordshireHorse-fair, Rugcley . . V III. 52 Horham Hall, Essex VI. 88 Horninglow, John Gober of II. 107 Horninglow, Milisand, late wife of John of II. 107 Horninglow Bridge .. V. 1. 6 Horninglow Street II. 108 House, Medieval VI. 89 Houghton, Henry V. 1. 11 Howarth, W. “ Sen Mut— an Egyptian Crichton ” VI. 36 High Street, Burton-on-Trent XI. 108 V. 1. 8 VII. 24 Huncedon, Roger de V. 1. 10 Hue and Cry VI. 61 Humming Bird Hawk V. 1. 27 Huia V. 2. 183 Hydrophobia III. 3. 223 Hypatia VI. 46

I Ice Age in Britain III. 3. 195 Icknield Street IV. 2. 23 Ilum, Richard of II. 107 Ind Coope's Wells IV. 1. 15 Innisheer II. 34 Innis MacnSample .. County II. 34 Inquilines II. 23 Iodine from Kelp II. 47 Irish Aran II. 32 Irish Churches II. 42 Iron V. 2. 128 Iron Oxide V. 1. 25 Ishmaelites III. 1. 35 Ivory—Vegetable 1. 109

J J acobitcs VII. 51 VII. 60 J asper StudiesVI. 30 Taundice— A Cure for VII. 57 J a y ...... V. 2. 159 Jenner III. 3. 219 Jerusalem Underground . . III. 3. 192 J ewellery— Saxon I. 161 etseq. John o’Gaunt III. 1. 15 VII. 17

K Kaka Parrot ...... V. 2. 182 Kava-I

King’s Burial Place II. 1. 24 StaffordshireKing Charles I. III. 1. 82 V., 1. 15 King Charles 11. V. 2. 117 King Ethelrcd ” v . 1. 5 39 and 44 King Edward I. V. 1. 159 King Edward II. ii. 92 V. 1. 7 VII. 19 King Edward III...... 11.93 V. 1.8and59 King Edward IV. V. 1. 59 King Edward VI. III. L. 22 IV. 1. 66 VII. 22 King Edward VII. V. 1. 59 King Ethelbert III. 1. 19 King George I. VII. 50 King George II. VII. 51 King Henry I. V. 2. 127 King Henry II. III. 1. 21 VI. 57 King Henry III. III. 1. 21 VI. 54 King Henry IV. VII. 19 King Henry V. VII. 7 King Henry V II...... !! III. 1. 22 V. 1. 12 King Henry VIII. .. Ill, 1. 22 IV. 1. 66 V. 1. 13 VII. 22 King J ohn V. 1. 59 VI, 54 and 57 King James I. V. 2. 116 King Richard I. V. 2. 127 VI. 54 King Richard II. V. 1 8 VII. 19 King Stephen V. 2. 127 King William I. . . II. 98 III! 1 2 1 ' v . r.'st V. 2. 127 Kittiwake SampleCounty. . . , VIII. 14 Knight Service II. 99 Knight Constable of England VII. 9 Kiwi .. V. 2. 188 Knowles T. “ Some Documents from the Burton Parish Chest ” III. 3. 261 “ The Source of the Modern English (Roman) Alphabet I. 68 “ On Some Ancient Burton Manuscripts ’ . . II. 89 Studies in English Spelling” .. III. 1. 1 Sojourn in the Levant” H i. 1. 32

L Studies Labourers Free ...... in. l. l l Labourers, Statute of III. 1. 12 Labyrinthodont I. 58 VIII. 1 Lacteals .. III. 3. 216 Lady Aelswitha .. III. 3. 253 Languages I. 68 Lancewood VI. 26 Laughing Jackass V. 2. 184 Lathlcill Dale IV. 2. 54 Lancaster, Duke of .. VII. 19 Lancaster, Earl Thomas of V. 1. 7 VII. 20 Landrail VII. 38 VIII. 12 Lark, Pipit .. IVII. 36 Lark, Sky V. 2. 75 Lark, Tree VII. 36 Lark, Ground V. 2. 187 71

Lavcll, S. P. T. V. 1. 25 StaffordshireLaw and Order VII 56 Lawns Farm .. VI 84 Lectures—Popular III. 3. 195 Legends of Burton IV. 2. 43 Lcpidoptcra of Burton and Distric 14 II. 1. VIII. 62 Legends, Norse .. II. 84 Levant, Sojourn in .. III. 1. 32 Leptocaephali III. 2. 155 Licensing J ustices III. 3. 263 Lichfield Water IV. 1. 14 Limestone Beds of Derbyshire 54 IV. 2. 59 Lincoln, Reginald of II. 95 Linton, William of . . II. 107 Light, Chemical Action of III. 1. 72 Lichfield Cathedral Floor V. 2. 138 Lime Tree V. 2. 145 VI. 25 Linnet, Green . . • . XV. 2. 72 V. 2. 176 VIII. 24 Lichfield, Bishops of IV. 2. 90 Litton Dale . . IV. 2. 55 Little, Wilbraham . 1. 175 Livingstone . . VII. 66 Lingen, Sir Ralph . VII. 6 Lizards V. 1. 60 Livery of Seisin II. 105 Lockjaw III. 3. 233 London WallSample County VII. 28 Lollards III. 1. 15 Louis, Pros H. “ Dolomite IV. 2. I ll Louse Worts V. 2. 171 Loach III. 2. 161 Long Tailed Blue Butterfly V. 1. 28 Lomp, Nicholas de V. 1. 10 Lower Lias I. 3 Lott, F. E. “ Geological Notes, Burton-on-Trent ” V. 1. 22 “ Burton Waters— Drinking and Brewing IV. 1. 5 “ Herbert Spencer " .. VI. 13 “ C oal” ...... VIII. 48 “Footprints of Labyrinthodont ” VIII. 1 “ Economic Geology of Burton & District VIII. 38 Lubbock, Sir John, on “ Savages ” III. Studies 3. 195 Ludlow, Sir John VII. 6 Lure for Fish II. 67 Luminosity V. 2. 75 Luxor III. 2. 165 Lymphatics III. 3. 215 Lyre Bird VII. 67 Lynam, G. T ' Some Notes on Local R ainfall1 *III.

M Madder I. 78 VI. 76 Mad Priest .. III. 3. 263 Maize— Striped .. I.. 78 Mahommed .. III. 1. 30 VI. 48 72 StaffordshireMagna Charta ...... 11 . 98 VI. 54 Magpie ...... V. 2. 159 VIII. 10 Maltose ...... I. 106 Malachite ...... V. 1. 22 Mallard ...... VIII. 12 Mammoth Remains ...... V. 2. 91 Mango ...... VI. 24 Manors ...... II. 103 Marls, Tea Green ...... I. 3 Marls, Gypsiferous ...... 1 .4 Market H a l l ...... III. 3. 248 Market Place VII. 24 Market Cross VII. 24 Market Charter VI. 59 Marcus Aurelius VII. 42 Marcellus Ulpius VII. 42 Martin, House ...... VII. 36 VIII. 9 Martin, Sand Martin, Black .. . . VII. 36 VIII. 9 V. 2. 159 Martin, Bank...... VII. 36 VIII. 9 Marigold ...... I. 76 Marmora, Sea of ...... III. 1. 41 Marine Bands ...... VI. 34 Massacre of Danes ...... VI. 2. 42 Massie, J...... III. 3. 262 Mason, PhilipSample B., Dr. County “ The Struggle for Life ” III. 3. 205 “ Bos Longifrons " III. 3. 259 “ Functions of Natural History Socfcty with special refe- rcnce to the study of plant galls' ” " II. 15 “ The Irish Aran ” ...... II. 32 “ Struggle for Life ” .. III. 2. 137 Mason Collection VIII. 34 Matthews, C. G. “ Microscopic Life of the River Trent ” V. 1. 31 “ Notes on Micro-organisms ” I. 13 “ Natural History Observations from Burton Bridge ’ VI. 67 Matlock VI. 2. 52 Maurice, son of Robert of Swynesco .. . . II. 95 and 107 Maundy III. 3. 250 Mazarin V. Studies 2. 117 Mavis VIII. 17 Mcdicagoes I. 77 Medicines, 1730 VII. 66 Meteorology I. 141 Meteorological Summary. 1911/13 .. VIII. 75 1914/26 .. VIII. 86 Meteors IV. 59 Mediterranean III. 1. 43 Mesne Lords II. 102 Melanism VII. 62 Micrococci III. 2. 94 Microscopic Life of Trent V. 1. 31 Micro-organisms I. 13 Microscope—Construction I. 9. I. 14 Mica Schist II. 85 73

Mice IV. 2. 12 StaffordshireMidland Scientific Society- .. III. 3. 192 Midland Railway Company V. 1. 12 V. 1. 17 Middleton, Robert II. 103 Midnight Sun II. 85 Migrants, Summer . . V. 2. 191 ’ ’ VI. 94 VII. 72 VIII. 86 Millers' Dale IV. 2. 55 Mill W ay ...... IV. 2. 25 Millstone Grit I. 54 Mistletoe V. 2. 162 Moira Colliery I. 60 Molyneux, W. i n . 3. 192 V. 1. 7 VI. 6 Moles IV. 2. 8 Monks of Burton See B Monks Bridge IV. 1. 15 VI. 60 VII. 44 Monks Bridge, Origin and History IV. 1. 32 Monasteries, Laxity of III. 1. 13 M’onads V. 1. 33 Montenegro III. 1. 69 Mongolia .. VI. 46 Monsal Dale IV. 2. 55 Moorgato VII. 28 Moor Mill V. 1. 10 Morris, G. Harris, Dr. “ Notes on Photo-micrography " I. 8 “ Light— Chemical Action of " III. 1. 72 “ Micro-organismsSample in relationCounty to M an” III. 2. 91 Morris, G., and Moritz on “ Brewing ” IV. 1. 25 Morley, Christopher III. 3. 263 Mortlake Tapestry Works V. 2. 117 Mbslcy, Sir O. V. 1. 7 II. 32 Moth Hunting VII. 27 VIII. 74 Moths, Date iirst seen .. I. 81 Moulds V. 1. 32 Mould, J. .. III. 3. 261 Moxon, R. “ Burton, Ancient and Modern ” IV. 2. 19 “ Westminster Abbey and its Monuments ” V. 1. 19 “ Croxdcn Abbey ” .. III. 2. 131 Mud Rush II. 50 Mummies of Pharaohs III. 2. 164 Mutton Birds.. V. Studies 2. 188 Mylles, J ohn II. 108

N

Nadin’s Colliery IV. 1. 9 “ Natural History Observations from Burton Bridge ” VI. 67 “ Natural History Notes in New Zealand ” V. 2. 172 Natural Selection . . III. 2. 142 Nature Calendar I. 80 et seq Need wood Forest VI. 79 Nettle Creeper VII. 33 Nether Hall V II. 20 Newcastle Bridge IV. 1. 33 74

New Zealand Shrubs ...... VI. 22 StaffordshireNewcbygging II. 108 Newe Strete .. II. 96 Neuwe Strete.. II. 96 Newbold II. 50 Newts . . ’.'. ” v. V. 60 V. 1. 64 “ New Inn ” V. 1. 26 Newhall Neck III. 3. 217 Newton Solney VII. 32 Nightingale ...... IV. 2. 66 VII. 32 Night Jar ...... VII. 38 VIII. 82 Noctiluca M'iliaris V. 2. 78 Nones, Jacob II. 107 Norway II. 70 Notornis M'antelli V. 2. 178 Noah’s Tomb. . H i. 1. 38 “ Novel, The English," by Mrs. W. Brittain .. V i. 63 Nowers, J. E. “ British Phanerogamic Parasitic Plants ” V. 2. 162 “ Noted Oaks near Burton ” .. .. VI. 18 “ Breaking of Barton Fishpond ” VI. 73 Nuthatch V. 2. 159 Nowers, J. E. “ Dispersal of Seeds” .. V. 2. 144 SampleCountyo Oaks near Burton ...... VI. 18 Oak, Turkish ...... I. 78 Oat, Wild ...... I. 77 Odling, W. “ The Roman Catacombs" .. .. III. 2. 118 Old White Lion ...... VII. 24 Old Bowling Green Site ...... IV. 1 18 Ombre ...... VII. 61 Ornaments, Saxon ...... I. 181 Ornaments, Jutes ...... I. 181 Orduray, John ...... II. 107 Orduray, Stephen ...... II. 107 Orchids ...... IV. 1. 48 VI. 23 O r e s ...... VIII. 45 O'Sullivan, C. “ Gypsum ” ...... V. Studies2. 108 “ Dales of Derbyshire ” ...... IV. 2. 49 Obit...... VI. 6 O’Sullivan, Jas. “ Life of Chlorophyllous Plants ” ...... IV. 2, 82 “ Anglo-Saxon Antiquities found at Wichnor ” IV. 2. 80 Oswell, B. L. “ Notes on River Trent at Burton ” . . . . IV. 2. 107 “ Microscopic Life of the River Trent” .. .. V. 1. 31 Otter ...... IV. 2. 12 VI. 68 VII.' 73 “ Our Summer Migrants ” VII. 31 VII. 72 V. 2. 191 VI. 94 VIII. 86 Outwoods Hills ...... V. 1. 26 Owl, Little . . VII. 67 VIII. 81 Owl, Short-cared . . III. 2. 139 Owl, Barn V. 2. 159 VIII. 25 Owl, Morepork V. 2. 181 75

StaffordshireOwl in general IV. 2. 18 VIII. 25 Oxford, John of II. 97 Oxlip IV. 1. 48

P Paget, Sir William IV. 1. 70 V. 1. 13 V. 2. 135 Pagan Saxons I. 158 Palms VI. 25 Pansy I. 76 IV. I. 53 Papyri, Discovery of . . III. 2. 167 Papal Legate . . VI. 54 VI. 56 Paris, Matthew VI. 54 Partridges VIII. 82 Parliament Inaugurated VI. 62 Parrot V. 2. 182 Parakeet V. 2. 183 Pasteur III. 2. 97 Paulet, Lady Elizabeth VII. 22 VII. 29 Paulet, Sir Amias VII. 22 Paulet, Sir Thomas VII. 22 Paulet’s Almshouses. . VI. 29 VII. 22 Paulet’s Charity VII. 29 Pea . . I. 76 Peacock SampleCounty VII. 73 Peat Beds in Burton IV. I. 15 Peat—Formation I. 58 Peasants’ Revolt III. 1. 7 Pcmbruge, Sir Fulk dc VII. 6 Perch .. VII. 73 Pennine Chain I. 40 Penarth Beds I. 2 Peel's Mill . . III. 2, 116 Peruvian Indians .. III. 2. 150 Peewit V. 2. 160 VIII. 13 Peripatus Novo Zealandim V. 2. 190 Peter the Hermit VI. 50 Permian Rocks VI. 31 I. 64 Peyntor, John II. 107 Pig Nook VII.Studies 22 Pipit Tree V. 2. 155 VII. 36 Pimpernel . . I. 76 Pike III. 2. 114 VI. 67 Pigeon, New Zealand V. 2. 158 Pincmartcn IV. 2. 5 Pharaohs .. III. 2. 164 Photo-micrography I. 8 “ Phosphorescence ” V. 2. 74 Plant Foods III. 2. 106 IV. 2. 87 Plant Galls II. 23 Plant Growth and Light . . III. 1. 76 Plants— Arctic IV. 1. 54 Plants— Climatal Distribution of IV. 1. 48 Plaster of Paris V. 2. I ll Plover VII. 73 VIII. 12 Plot, Dr. ,. .. , V. 1. 18 V. 2. 132 76 StaffordshirePoitiers III. 1. 8 Popular Lectures .. III. 3. 195 Pope, Sir Thomas V . 22 Pontage . . V. 1.8 Porte, Sir John V. 1. 11 Pottery of Saxon Period . . I. 158 I. 154 Poll Tax ...... III. 1. 14 Pope Sixtus II. .. III. 2 . 118 Pope Mclchiades .. III. 2. 119 Pope Pius I X ...... IR . 2. 119 Pope Gregory V, .. 57 Pool’s Cavern IV. 2. 57 Polecat . . III. 2. 161 Porphyry VI. 30 Portigny VI. 60 Postern House V. 1. 26 VI. 84 Powis, Charles V. 1. 16 V. 2. 132 Poppy I. 76 Prehistoric Man V. 2. 92 Prince Rupert V. 1. 15 Prorococcus V. 1. 32 Proudfoot, John—Bailiff II. 95 Provisions of Oxford VI. 62 Pryst, Wm., Vicar of Stapenhill V. 1. 8 Puck of Poole's Hill VII. 49 Pukeko Sample V. 2. 179 Ptolemy Philadelphus County Vi. 42 Ptolemaic Astronomy VI. 46 Pyecroft, Mr. VII. 21

Q Quail VIII. 83 Quartzite VI. 30 Quarries V. 1. 20 Quadrille VIII. 60 Queen Anne VII. 50 Queen Eleanor V. 1. 15 Queen Elizabeth V. 2. 135 Queen Mary of Scots C.Studies 1. 59 Queens’ Hotel V. 1. 16 Queen Hatsheput VI. 37

R Rabbit—Wild IV. 2 . 12 VII 73 VIII. 81 Radish . . I. 76 Radium V. 2. 84 Rainfall locally IV. 1. 21 V. 1 45 V. 1. 66 Rat— Brown VII. 73 IV. 2. 12 Rata , , VI. 23 Railway at Burton . . IV. 2. 34 Recusants and Victuallers Unlycenses . . III. 3. 262 Redstart V. 2. 160 VII 34 VIII. 17 77

Reed Warbler V. 2. 160 VII. 35 StaffordshireReed Bunting . . VII. 37 Red Admiral Butterfly .. V. 1. 27 Red Bartsia V. 2. 170 Redpolc IV. 2. 273 Redwing VIII. 6 Redpole IV. 2. 273 Reginald of Lincoln II. 95 Redynges, William . . II. 107 Registers of Burton Parish Church . . III. 2. 121 Release II. 97 Rents II. 96 Rcpton, Lepidoptera VIII. 62 Reptiles and Amphibians .. V. 1. 60 Reservoir at Burton .. V. 1. 24 Richard, Prior of Rochester V. 1. 40 Ricklow Dale.. IV. 2. 54 Rifleman Bird V. 2. 186 River Courses of Burton . . IV. 2. 28 Ripon, Fountains, and Durham III. 3. 226 Rhaetic Beds. . I. 1 Rhactic Outliers near Burton I. 2 Robert of Whitby . . .. III. 3. 228 Robeley, William II. 99 Robin Hood V. 2. 127 Robin V. 2. 187 VIII. 17 Robinson &Sample Co’s. Wells CountyIV. 1. 19 Robinson, R. T. “ Influence of the East on European History in Byegone Times VI. 45 “ Annals of Burton Abbey ” VI. 53 Rollcstone, J ohn of II. 95 Romans and Burton Bridge V. 1. 4 Roman Roads near Burton i. 157 IV. 2. 21 IV. 2. 26 Roman Coins found near Burton I. 163 I. 170 IV. 2. 27 Roman Catacombs . . III. 2. 118 Rocksalt VIII. 3 Rocket Oak VI. 21 Rooks V. 2. 159 Rotifers V. 1. 33 Royal Visits to Burton V. 2. 127 V. 1. 58 R u f f ...... VII.Studies 73 Rugeley in Early Georgian Times VII. 50 Rugeley Parish Church VII. 56 Rugeley Industries V. 2. 129 Russo 1 apanese War VI. 45 Rye, Henry A. “ Origin and History of Monks Bridge” .. IV. 1. 32 “ The Ground Plan of Burton Abbey ” .. .. III. 3. 242 “ A Visit to the Roman Wall in connection with Monks Bridge ” VII. 39 “ The Great Bridge of Burton-on-Trent" .. .. V. 1. 4 “ Some Further Notes on Burton Abbey Plan” V. 1. 35 “ Some Royal Visits to Burton” ...... V. 1. 58 “Tapestry at Haddon Hall” ...... V. 2. 116 “ Sinai Park ” ...... ; ...... VI. 79 ' “ 'Saint M odwen" •• •• .. .. IV. 2 . 37 78 StaffordshireRye, Henry A. “ Episcopal Seals ” ...... IV. 2. 91 “ Burton Abbey Dissolution Inventories” .. .. IV. 1. 65

s Sacheverell, Sir Richard V. 1. 11 St. Bernard .. III. 3. 229 St. Mary’s, York . . III. 3. 229 St. Mary’s Fountains . . III. 3. 228 St. Cuthbert . . III. 3. 231 St. Modwen’s Shrine (Old) III. 3. 244 IV. 2. 43 V. 1. 58 St. Modwen’s Shrine (New) III. 3. 247 St. Paul’s Cathedral III. 3. 261 St. Margaret’s Day . . III. 3. 261 St. Modwen’s “ Messenger ” VII. 24 St. Modwen’s Anniversary V. 1. 43 St. Modwen IV. 2. 21 & 37 St. Elmo’s Fire V. 2. 80 St. Edmund .. VI. 55 St. Louis VI. 55 Salt at Branston II. 50 Salt’s Cooperage VII. 21 Salt Library . . V. 1. 40 Saladin’s BirthplaceSample IIT. 1. 36 Salona Basilica CountyTTI. 1. 64 Salmon III. 2. 112 VI. 70 Sand IV. 1. 16 VI. 34 Saxifrage IV. 1. 53 Samian Ware. . I. 169 and 189 Savoy, Burning of . • III. 1. 16 Saxon Remains at Wychnor IV. 2. 80 Saxon Masonry in Abbey foundations . . V. 1. 38 Saxon Cemetery I. 159 III. 2. 145 Saxons in Burton I. 158 Saxon Weapons I. 179 Saxon Distal! for Spinning I. 183 Scalpcliffe Hill Birds’ Nests V. 2. 158 Scudamore, John IV. 1. 60 Sea-Coal .. . . . V. Studies 2. 133 Sea-birds V. 2.. 188 Seals II. 91 IV. 2. 90 Seagrave, Sir Hugh HI. 1. 17 Sebert, King of East Saxons III. 1. 19 Seeds, Dispersal of . . V. 2. 144 Seisin II. 104 Sedge-Warbler VII. 35 Seed Growth IV. 2. 82 Selenite V. 1. 22 Sen Mut— an Egyptian Crichton VI. 36 Severns VII. 41 III. 1. 81 Servants’ Wages in 1730 .. VII. 55 Shaw, S...... III. 3. 243 Shakespeare VII. 12 Shag VI. 18 VIII. 11 Shale, Carboniferous .. VI. 1. 22 79 StaffordshireShale at Needwood ...... I. 3 Shearwater—Manx ...... VII. 67 S h e ll-D ra k e ...... V. 2. 180 Shepherd Rising ...... VI. 57 Shcll-duck ...... VII.73 Shobnall ...... VI. 80 Shobnall Grange ...... VI. 80 Shopcnhale Park ...... VI. 81 Shopinhale, Wm. Bridge Proctor ...... V. 1. 11 Sobenhall ...... VI. 80 Shopenhall Great Lodge .. .. VI. 90 Sicily, Kingdom of ...... VI. 61 Silver ...... VIII. 46 Sinai Park ...... VI. 79 Sinai Park Farmhouse ...... VI. 83 Simon de Montfort ...... VII. 56 Skeldale ...... III. 3. 228 Skeletons at Stapcnhill ...... I. 161 Slavery in England ...... V. 2. 134 Slow-worm ...... V. 1. 60 Sluggard-waker ...... VII. 56 Small-pox ...... III. 3. 219 Small Eggar ...... V. 1. 28 Smyth, Robert the ...... II. 96 Snail-Water ...... VII. 58 Snakes Sample...... V. 1. 61 Snipe . . County ...... VIII. 13 Snuff ...... VII. 65 Socage ...... II. 100 Social Custons in Georgian Times ...... VII. 59 Soils ...... VIII. 38 Solway ...... VIII. 41 Sorrel, Wood ...... V. 2. 151 Sparrow, Water ...... VII. 37 Sparrow, White House . . VII. 73 VIII. 23 Sparrow Hawk VII. 73 VI, 68 Sparrow for New Zealand ...... V. 2. 175 Sparrow, Hedge ...... VIII. 18 Spencer, Herbert ...... VI. 13 Spectrum ...... III. 1. 73 Spelling ...... III.Studies 1. 1 Spooner, Thos...... VII. 20 Spotted Flycatcher .. IV. 2. 68 V. 2. 159 VII. 36 VIII. 9 & 23 Sponges in River Trent ...... V. 1. 33 Spores III. 2. 94 Squitch Oak ...... VI. 20 Struggle for Life—Mason ...... III. 3. 205 Stanley, Sir Thos...... VII. 12 Stage Coaches ...... VII. 52 Stapenhill Ford ...... I. 157 Stapenhill Ferry ...... V. 1. 10 Stapenhill Explorations I. 156 Statute of Frauds ...... II. 104 Statute of Labourers ...... III. 1. 12 Statutes Fair IV. 2. 21 Stapcnhill Church ...... IV. 2. 42 St. Modwen’s Tomb and Chapel .. .. IV. 2. 44 and 47 80

Starling . . . . IV. 2. 177 IV. 2. 78 V. 2. 187 VIII. 19 StaffordshireSterne .. VI. 65 Stint, Little VII. 73 Stitch-bird V. 2. 185 Stickleback III. 2. 117 III. 2. 161 Stonehenge V. 2. 94 Stowe’s Survey of London VII. 26 Stonechat VII. 33 Storksbill V. 2. 153 StoCk-dove V. 2. 159 Stones for Building VIII. 44 Stones for Decorative Purposes VIII. 45 Stoat IV. 2. 11 Storer, G. H „ F.Z.S. “ Some Bird Notes ” .. VII. 77 “ List of Vertebrate Animals in Collection for Museum ” VII. 73 VIII. 27 Red-necked Grebe near Burton' V. 1. 56 *> “ Reptiles and Amphibeans V. 1. 60 Suppression of Monasteries IV. 2. 47 Swallow— Chimney or House VII. 36 VIII. 9 Swallow, Window VII. 36 Swan, Tame VIII. 11 Swan, Black ...... VII. 73 Swift VII. 37 VII. 73 VIII. 9 Swift Moths V. 1. 29 Swynesco,Sample John of County11.95 11.107 Swilcar Lawn Oak VI. 18 Syria III. 1. 35

T Tacitus VII. 41 Tallages .. VI. 56 Tatenhill Cliff V. 1. 24 Tatcnhill Brook II. 53 Tartars VI. 46 VI. 59 Tapestry at Haddon Hall V. 2. 116 Tea— Cost, 1730 VII. 64 Tea Green Marls StudiesI. 3 Teeth ...... III. 2. 145 Teal .... V. 2. 181 VIII. 83 Tern VI. 68 VIII. 13 T emperature— Influence on Vegetation I. 80 Comparisons I. 82 Tench ...... II. 58 Tenure by Knight Service II. 99 II. 102 a enants in Chief II. 100. Temple III. 1. 16. Thistle’s I. 76 Thornewill, Rev. C. F. “ Some Experiences in Moth Hunting ” V. 1. 27 Thotmes I. VI. 37 Tiglic Acid . .. 1 1 1 ,1 .7 2 Tiger Moth . . ,, r • - »' . c • • V, 1. 29: 81

Ticknall ...... I. 54 StaffordshireTit, Pied ...... V. 2. 187 Tit, Great VIII. 7 and 22 Tit, Blue .. .. * * i t ,, Tit, Coal . . . . Tit, Marsh ...... Tit, Long Tailed ...... ,, Toads V. 1. 64 Toadstones V. 2. 96 and 97 lon g ...... VII. 5 Tooth wort V. 2. 169 Toothache I. 35 Torregiano ...... III. 1. 22 Tortoise V. 1. 60 Travellers’ Joy ...... IV. 1. 52 Trajan’s Column ...... VII. 41 Trinity College, Oxford V II. 22 Triassic Times ...... V I. 30 Tree-creeper ...... VIII. 24 Trent, Notes on River ...... IV. 1. 48 Trent Navigation ...... V. 1. 16 Trent, Microscopic Life of .. V. 1. 31 Trent River Bed ...... IV. 1. 16 Trent Drainage Area ...... V. 1. 54 Trout and Grayling ...... II. 59 Trussed, W ...... VII. 6 Trundle HoleSampleCountyIV. 2 110 V. 2 192 V. 1. 17 Tutbury Monastery .. V. 1. 11 Tutbury Garrison ...... V. 1. 7 Tui ...... V. 2. 185 Tulip—Mountain ...... IV. 1. 48 Turkish Empire ...... III. 1. 37

u Underton ...... IV. 1. 68 Uxbridge, Earl of ...... V. 1. 15

V Studies Vaccination ...... III. 3. 223 Valerian, Emperor ...... III. 2. 118 Valley Gravels of Burton ...... IV. 1. 14 Vapours, The...... VII. 65 Vernon Monuments VII. 5 Vernon, Sir Richard VII. 7 Vernon Benedicta ...... VII. 7 Vernon, Sir William ...... VII. 8 Vernon, Sir Henry VII. 9 Vernon, John, Richard, Humphrey, Thomas, Arthur VII. 10 Veronicas VII. 27 Via Appia III. 2. 118 Via Dcvana IV 2. 23 V. 1. 4 Violets V. 2. 149 Villeiris III. 1. 9 8 2

Villiers, D. of Buckingham III. 1. 26 StaffordshireVictuallers, Unlicensed III. 3. 262 Vipers V. 1. 62 Volcanoes of Derbyshire V. 2. 95 VIII. 38 w Wain, H. J. “ Some Bretby N otes” VIII. 77 VII. 67 Wakemen III. 2. 227 Wakefield Bridge V. 1. 8 Wallsitch VII. 19 Wallwick VII. 46 Walton IV. 2. 80 Walton Ford V. 1. 7 Walker, Thos. V. 1. 11 Walker, John II. 107 Walsall V. 2. 134 Wardship II. 100 Warwick ; Leycester’s Hospital V. 1. 9 Water— Drinking and Brewing IV. 1. 5 VIII. 43 Brine at Moira . IV. 1. 9 Contamination . IV. 1. 11 ■ Analyses IV. 1. 13 IV. 1. 16 VIII. 43 Lichfield . . IV. 1. 14 QuantitySample used at Breweries CountyIV. 1. 19 Brine at Branston .. 11.50 Coloured by Algae VI. 76 Sparrow VII.. 37 Bail ...... VII. 73 VIII. 12 & 83 Wagtail VIII. 8 & 20 Hen ...... VIII. 12 Warbler— Garden .. .. VII. 34 V. 2. 159 IV. 2. 65 VIII. 18 Night or Reed VII. 35 IV. 2. 69 Wood VII. 35 IV. 2. 69 Sedge VII. 35 IV. 2. 69 VIII. 7 Willow . . . . VII. 34 VIII. 6 V III. 18 IV. 2. 65 Yellow VII. 34 Grey V. 2. 186 Wat Tyler III.Studies 1. 16 Weather Maps I. 141 Weather Prophecies I. 147 Weather Forecasts, % correct I. 151 Weather, Details of III. 2. 169 IV. 2. 15 V. 2. 196 VI. 100 Weaver Hills I. 44 V. 1. 26 Weasel IV. 2. 11 Weapons—Saxon I. 180 Wells, j.G . “ Wild Plants of Foreign Barley Fields ” .. I. 75 “ Salt Marsh at Branston " .. II. 50 Wells in Burton IV. 1. 15 Weka . . V. 2. 178 Wesley— Historian VII. 20 Westminster Abbey II. 1. 19 IV. 2. 19 Westminster School III. 1. 23 83 StaffordshireWetmore Hall and Grange VII. 19 Wheal' ...... I. 102 Wheat Barley II. 31 Wheatear IV. 2. 66 VII. 33 Whitethroat . . IV. 2. 68 VII. 33 VIII. 18 Whinchat IV. 2. 66 VII. 33 White Starling and White Thrush VIII. 83 Wichnor Finds IV. 2. 80 Widow in the Wood VII. 60 Wife tied to Post III. 3. 262 Wigston Geological Section I. 5 Wilfred of Ripon .. III. 3. 227 Wilkes, Dr...... V. 1. 15 Wild Cat ...... IV. 2. 6 Winshill IV. 2. 25 Winshill Wakes IV. 2. 31 Wyneshull II. 107 W o l f ...... IV. 2. 9 Wooden handed Man . . III. 3. 263 Woods—Local VIII. 79 Woodlice as Medicine VII. 64 Worms V. 1. 60 Worthington, A. O. VII. 67 Worthington, John . . II. 107 Worthington’s Cooperage . . IV. 1. 16 Wren, JennySample VII. 7. VIII. 20 CountyV. 2. 159 VII. 34 V III. 6 . 18 Wren, Willow Wren, Gold Crest V. 2. 159 VIII. 18 IV. 2. 69 Wren, Bush . . V. 2. 186 Wrotchley, W ...... IV. 1. 72 Wulfric Spott .. III. 3. 253 IV. 2. 25 V. 1. 38 V. 1. 43 Wyatt’s Survey, 1762 V. 1. 19 Wyc— Derbyshire IV. 2. 53 Wye-dale IV. 2. 55 Wyre Forest Coal Measures I. 55 Wychnor .. II. 107 Wycliife III. 1. 15

Y Yeasts III.Studies 2. 9l Yellow-hammer IV. 2. 70 V. 2. 17fi Yellow Bunting V. 2. 160 Yellow Clouded Butterfly . . V. 1. 27 Yellow Rattle V. 2. 17x Yellow Warbler VII. 34 Yoredale Rocks I. 53 York . . III. 1. 80 York Minster III. 1. 83 York Minster Great Bell . . V. 2. 134

Z Zinc VIII. 45 Zingis Khan . . VI. 51 Zoophytes V. 1. 32 Zymogen •« I. 109 Staffordshire 84

INDEX TO VOL. IX.

A PAGE Adder’s Tongue.. .. 17 Alexander Pedlcr Lecture 1. 2 . Andrews, T. VI. Animals as a National Asset and Responsibility et scq. Animal Research Institute . . . . - . . 10 Animals, humane slaughter of 10. 11 Annual Reports, 1927 V. 1928 ...... VI. 1929 ...... VII. 1930 ...... IX. 1931 ...... XI. 1932 ...... XII. Anthrax Sample .. County 5. 8 Ashby-de-la-Zoueh, Castle of .. 37

B Bacon, Imports of 4 Badger 29. 41. 42 Bcaconsfield, Earl of . . .. 45 Beech Fern . . 18 Blackbird 22. 25 Black Stemmed Splccnwort . . 18 Bovine Tuberculosis 5. 8 Bracken ...... 17. 18. 22 Branstonc Road, Burton-on-Trent .. Studies.. 2 Bretby . . 40. 44 Bretby Castle . . 45 Bretby Mill 21. 44. 45 Briggs, J. J...... 24 British Science Guild 1. 2 British Ferns and their Culture .. 16 et scq. Broad Buckler Fern ...... 18 Brown, Edwin .. .. 29 Bugley Hole .. 42 Buglev Joe .. 43 Bull, used for Transport . . 45 Bullfinch .. 26 Bunting .. 22. 23 Burdett, Sir Francis .. 21 Burton-on-T rent 14. 41 Burton-on-Trent, Screw Warehouse ...... 41 85 Staffordshire c Cannock Chase . . 17 Calke 40 Cattle, Number in Great Britain 4 Cattle, Plague 5 Chaffinch 22. 23 Chiff-Chaff ...... 22 Chlamydosaurus Kingi 15 Connochoetes Gnu 15 Contagious Plcuro-Pneumonia 5 Cook, W. 43 Coot ...... 40 Corncrake 28 Coursers, Cream Coloured 15 Crowe, Sir Vauncey 40 Crewe’s Pond . . .. 46 Cuckoos . . .. 40 Cuthwine 31

D Derbyshire Snowy Owl ...... 14 Dcthick, Wm.Sample ...... 33 Disraeli, Benjamin (at Bretby) County ...... 45 Dove, Turtle ...... 23. 28 Dove, Ring ...... 23 Dorchester ...... 31 Duck, Tufted ...... 46

E Ectopistes migratorius 14 Edward III. 39 Edward IV. 37 Eel 45 Egginton 24 Egg-laying Echidna Studies15 Elizabeth, Queen 33 Elliot, Rev. E. A. 16 Etwall Common 14 Evelyn, John .. 33 Excursions arranged V. VI. VII. IX. XI XII.

F Fern, Annual ...... 18 Ferns, British, and their Culture ...... 16 et seq. Ferns, Cultivation from Spores ' ' . . ' . . ' ...... 18 Ferns, Books on ...... 18 Ferns, List of Staffordshire Species ...... 20 Field Meetings held .. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX . X. X I. X II. 86

Staffordshire PAGE Flood during May, 1932 X III. Foot and Mouth Disease 5. 8. 9 Ford, Mr. Ham. . . . 2 Fox 26. 28 Friars at Leicester 34. 35. 36

G Garneys See Repton, Flora and Fauna of Garrulus Glandarius .. 26 Glanders . . 6. 7 Glover’s Mill 43. 45 Glover, John . . 43 Gnu, White tailed . . 15 Gold Crest 22. 26. 27 Golden Eye . . 46 Golden Oriole . . . . 14 Grasshopper Warbler 22, 23 Grccbe, Little . . . . 46 Greebe, Great Crested . . 46 GreenfinchSample . . 22 Green Splcenwort County . . 17

H Hanson, C...... 48 Hanson, Miss ...... 46 Hard Fern ...... 17 Hartshorne— Repton Road ...... 21. 27. 40 Hartshorne ...... • ..41 Hart’s Tongue Fern ...... 16 Hastings, Wm., Lord ...... 37 Hawfinch ...... • . . Studies 42 Hawkins, H. W...... 31 Hcdgesparrow ...... • •. • • 22. 23 Henry IV ...... 33 Highcross Street, Leicester ...... 38 Hobday, Professor F. T. G. 1 .2 Holly Fern ...... 17 Hoofies Farm ...... 43 Hoofies W ood ...... 29. 40 Hopkin, D...... 14 Hornbeam ...... 42 Horninglow Street ...... • ■ 2 Horses, Number in Great Britain ...... 4 Humane Slaughter ...... 10. 11 87

I Staffordshire PAGE Ingleby ...... 24 Institute for Animal Pathology, Cambridge ...... 10

J Jackson, Joseph .. 43 Jay ...... 23. 26. 40

K Kendrick. . 41 Kingfisher 45 Kirby Muxloe, Castle of 37 Knightley Park 24

SampleCountyL Lambe, Sir John .. 34 Lancaster, House of .. .. 33 Lanceolate, Spleenwort . . 18 Leicester—• Abbey of .. 31 34. 38. 39 All Saints’ Church 34 Belgravc Road 37 Bellomont, Earls of 37 Bishop of 31 Bishop’s Fee 31 Bishopp's Water 37 Cathedral Church of 37 Earl of 31. 36 Friars at 34. 35. 36 Lazar Houses Studies36 Leper Hospitals 37 Mayor of . . 37 Our Lady att Brygge 35 St. Clement in the Ashes 34 St. John the Evangelist 38 St. John’s and Bent’s Hospital 38 St. Leonard’s 34. 37 St. Mary de Castro 31. 35 St. Mary of the Meadows . . 31 St. Mary of the Newarke 32. 37 St. Martin’s . . 37 St. Michael’s 31. 33. 34 St. Nicholas . . 31 St. Peter’s .. 31 33. 34. 39 St. Sepulchre’s 35. 39 8 8 StaffordshireLeicester—• PAGE Shoemakers, Guild of ...... 40 Simon the Welshman ...... 39 Trinity Hospital • . . ., .. .. 33. 37 Vanislied Churches of . . . . 31 et seq. Visitation Records ...... 39 Leicestershire Arclia;ological Society ...... 37 Leicestershire ...... 29 Library, Catalogue of XXV.—XXXV. Library Regulations XXIV. Lincoln, Bishop of ...... 35 Little Bustard ...... • .. .. 14 Long, Walter, Minister of Agriculture ...... 7 Lott, F. E...... 13

M

Magpie . . 40 Maidenhair Spleenwort . . 17 Male Fern 17. 18 Mammals at Repton . . . . 30 Mange 5. 9 Mash, M. Sample H. B. County . . 13 Mason Collection . . 13 Meadow Pipit 22 Members, List of XVI. to XX. Mill Pool, Bretby .. 44 Moonwort . .. - ...... 18 Mosley, Ashton Nicholas .. 14 Mosley Collection .. 13 Mosley, Sir Oswald 13. 14 Mosley, Sir Tonman .. .. 14 Mountain Buckler .. 17 Muller, Professor .. 11 Munich Abbatoir . . 11 Museum, Burton-on-Trent . . .. 13 Muzzling Order .. 7 Meteorological Summaries 49 etStudies seq.

N Natural History of Tutbury . . .. 14 Nether Hall 40. 41. 42 Newton Solney .. 1 .; 43 .Nightjar ...... - 22! 23. 27. 28 Noah's Ark, Bretby .. 44 Staffordshire o PA GE Oak Fern ...... 18 Ockbrook ...... 37 Osmunda ...... 17 Osprey, from Moira Pool ...... 14 Otis tetrax ...... 14 Owl. Derbyshire Snowy ...... 14 Owl, Tawny ...... 23. 24. 43 Owl, Long Eared ...... 23. 24. 26

P Parker’s Barn .. . . 44 Parsley Fern . . 17 Passenger Pigeon . . 14 Pearson, Seth . . 46 Pheasant 24. 25 Pike i . . . 45 Pipit . .. 22 Platclea lcucorodia . . 14 Pochard .. . .. 46 Polypody .. 16 PortsmouthSampleCounty .. 28

R Rabies 5. 6. 7 Rawson, Wm., of Repton . . 46 Reeves Pheasant .. . . 43 Reformation, The .. 37 Repton, ...... 46 Repton, Brook End . . 36 Repton, Old Mill . . 47 Repton, Flora and Fauna of (Garneys) . . . . 24 Repton Shrubs 21. 22. 24. 27. 28. 29. Studies 42. 45 Repton Shrubs, Mammals and Birds resident at . . 30 Repton—Hartshorne ...... 21. 27. 40. 44 Richard II. . . .. • .. 36 Richard III. . . 36 Robin . . 23 Robin’s Cross .. 46 Robin Hood . . 46 Rolleston .. 24 Rolleston Hall and Park .. 14 Rollcstone Hall Museum r i .. 13 Royal Fern ..17 Royal Veterinary College ! . . . . 7. l. 2 . 10. 11. 12 Rules of the Society ...... X X I.— X X III. Staffordshire 90 S PAGE St. Mary de Castro (Leicester) and other Leicester Churches See Leicester Sanders Family (Repton) . . 47 Scale Fern 17. 18 Screw Mill .. 41 Skylark . . 22. 23 Slades .. 45 Slaughter, Humane 10. 11 Snowy Owl . . 14 Soar . . 36 Sparrow Hawk 23. 24. 25. 40 SpleenwoiT, Black Stemmed .. 18 Spleenwort, Green . . 17 Splcenwort, Lanceolate .. 18 Spoonbill. . . . 14 Squirrel, drey of . . 23 Staffordshire Ferns, List of . . 20 Stapcnhill House . . . . XIV. Statement of Accounts, 1932 XIV. Stern, Dr. A. L. . . 13 Stoat . . 42 Storer, G. H. 13. 43 Summers, Sample W. (of Repton) County .. 47 Swans . . ' 40 Summer Migrants, dates of arrival of . . 48

T Teal .. 46 Thompson, Francis 14. 15 Thorpe, Aaron .. 45 Throsby, John .. 38 Thrush 22. 23. 40 Ticknall . . 41 Town Farm, Bretby .. Studies. . 45 Trout .. 45 Tufted Duck . . 46 Tutbury, Natural History of . . 29 Tuberculosis, Bovine . . 5. 8

V Visitation Records, Leicester ...... 39 Vole, Water ...... 44 91

Staffordshire W PAGE Wagtail, Grey .. 46 Wain, II. J. 21. 40 Wakelyn, Geo. and Win. (of Bretby) . . 46 Warbler, Grasshopper 22. 23 Warbler, Willow . . 23 Water-hen 40. 46 Water-rail .. 43 Watery Lane . . 45 Weasel . . 42 Weinberg Pen .. 11 West, Wm. . . 43 Whinchat 22. 23 White, Gilbert . . 27 Whitethroat 22. 23. 43 Whitlock .. 24 Wigeon . . 46 Wigston, Wm. of 33. 37 Wild Life and Watermills on a local Stream 40 et seq. Wild Life in a local Fir Wood 21 et seq. Williamson, John . . 43 Willow Wren . . 22 Winkborne, Wm. . . 39 Wolsey, CardinalSample 31. 38 Woodpigeon County 23. 25 Wormcake Street .. 41 Wragg, Herbert ..41 Wragg, J. D ...... 21 Wren, Gold Crest 22, 26. 27 Wren, Willow . . 22 Wyggeston See Wigston

Studies Staffordshire

SampleCounty

Studies