People on the Move: Migration and Immigration from 1865 - 1890

People on the Move 1865-1890

Snapshot: Analyze each picture. For each picture list five things you see (or think you see) and explain what you believe is going on in the picture.

Picture 1: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Picture 2: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Picture 3: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. Going West

A. ___________________: those seeking fortune were given _______ (or bought land for a low price) through government policies such as the ________________ Act of 1862. In order to obtain the land, settlers had to agree to farm it for at least _________ years. What new mechanical inventions helped homesteaders to plow the land and harvest their crops? The _____________ plow invented by John _____________ and the Mechanical _____________ invented by Cyrus _________________.

B. Cattle Ranching and _________________: Thanks to new technologies (refrigerated box cars), ________ from cattle was a very hot commodity. Driven by opportunity and freedom many settlers ended up as ____________ (_____% of which were newly freed slaves) herding cattle and driving them over the _______ range to cattle towns along ____________ lines.

___________________ - African Americans who left the south and became farmers in the west

There were many factors which caused an end to cowboys and cattle drives. Many cattle __________________ the region, causing poor soil conditions (as a result __________ didn’t grow as well). Also, around 1880, ___________ hit many cattle. Finally, the cattle drives ended with the invention which put an end to the open range once and for all: _________ __________

C._____________: Various types of precious ________ (most notably ______ & _______) were discovered throughout the West. Some _______________________ (miners working to find the gold and silver) worked by themselves or as a family.

That’s not to say that only individuals were seeking gold. __________________ bought vast quantities of land when gold or silver was discovered. Many times they established huge mining _____________. The prospectors here were not seeking gold or silver as much as a _________________.

As gold and silver were discovered, mines were built, and mining __________ grew up around the mines. These towns provided miners with places to live while they were working in the mines. Some mining towns grew into thriving communities; others, however, became deserted after the mines were _____________(these became known as ________________)

II. _____________________________________

A. First they lost their most prized necessity: _________________________

B. Then they lost their land:

The Native Americans fought against the intrusion on their land. Sometimes they were successful. Ultimately battles and outright ________________ of their people forced Native Americans to ________________ where the government tried to ____________ them.

The Native Americans were gradually displaced farther west or to ________________ lands in the east. These reservations could be hundreds of miles from the _________________ tribal lands and were usually much smaller in area and of different character. The displacements often resulted in the disintegration of lifestyles and_________________.

III. Immigrants

“The New __________________” by Emma ________________:

Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand

A mighty woman with a _________, whose flame

Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name

Mother of __________. From her beacon-hand

Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command

The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.

“Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she

With silent lips. “Give me your _______, your ________,

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe ________,

The wretched _______ of your teeming shore.

Send these, the _____________, tempest-tost, to me,

I lift my lamp beside the ______________ door!”

A. New Immigrants:

Came from Eastern European countries like _________, Greece, the ______________ countries etc. They came to the East coast. Old Immigrants (1750 – 1860) came from ______________ European countries like England, _____________and Germany. Immigrants who arrived on the east coast worked in ____________ and steel mills in the Northeast, the _____________ industry in New York City, and Slavs, Italians, and Poles worked in the _______ mines of the East.

B. ________ Immigrants (mainly from ___________) came to the West Coast. Many of these immigrants helped to build the ___________________________ Railroad.

C. Immigrants arriving on the East Coast were eventually ________________at __________ Island (NYC). West Coast immigrants were processed at _________ Island.

D. They were subjected to physical and mental ___________. Why?

E. Education: The U.S. used _________________ to try to _________________ all immigrants.

F. At first most were ______________, but that didn’t last long. Why? _______________; they would also work for lower _______________. That upset a lot of workers.

With the Chinese ________________ Act, immigration from China to the U.S. was halted for over _____ years. Other laws restricted the rights of other Asian immigrants. Immigration __________________ Act of 1921 effectively _____ ______ most immigration to America for the next several decades.

Closure:

Who am I?

Answers – New Immigrant, Chinese Immigrant, Native American, Exoduster, speculator, cowboy, prospector, Cyrus McCormick, Polish Immigrant, Homesteader,

1. I was forced from my land and forced to adopt American values: _____________________________

2. I have lost everything looking for gold and silver in the American West: ________________________

3. I work in the dangerous coal mines of the Appalachian Mountains: ____________________________

4. I received free land from the government just for moving out west: _____________________________

5. I bought vast amounts of land hoping it is filled with precious minerals: __________________________

6. I left my homeland to come to America. The Statue of Liberty greeted me as I sailed into New York Harbor, but I am examined for entry at Ellis Island. _____________________________

7. I left the south to escape the Klan. Now I farm the fields of the Great Plains:______________________

8. I have dust in my face as I drive the steers north to the Cowtown of Kansas City: __________________

9. I invented a device that allows farmers to harvest their crops more easily: ________________________

10. I came across the Pacific Ocean and work on the western railroads: _____________________________

1. How long did homesteaders have to farm their land in order to own the land? _________________

2. List three reasons why people came west.

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

3. What did cowboys do? _____________________________________________________________

4. Where did cowboys help to drive their cattle?

5. How do the words reservation and assimilation relate to the Native American population during the late 1800s?

A. reservation: ____________________________________________________________________

B. assimilation: ____________________________________________________________________

6. What part of Europe did the New Immigrants come from?

_________________________________________________________________________________

7. Where were the immigrants processed?

A. On the east coast: __________________________

B. On the west coast: ___________________________

What two legislative acts helped to limit immigration? _____________________________________ & __________________________________

Read the “The New Colossus” by Emma Lazarus and answer these questions:

Who is the mighty women with a torch? ________________________________

Who were the huddled masses yearning to breath free? ________________________

What was the Golden Door? ___________________________________